Shearing assembly and shearing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shearing assembly and a shearing machine, in the shearing assembly, a first blade and a second blade at an outer corner of a movable cutter holder form a blade unit; the first blade and the second blade are obliquely arranged relative to the fixed cutter assembly; the distances from the first blade to the fixed cutter assembly along the moving direction relative to the lowest point and the highest point of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter assembly are H1 and H2 respectively, and the distances from the second blade to the fixed cutter assembly along the moving direction relative to the lowest point and the highest point of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter assembly are H3 and H4 respectively; the highest point of the cutting edge of the first blade and the highest point of the cutting edge of the second blade are close to the outer corner, the lowest point of the cutting edge of the first blade and the lowest point of the cutting edge of the second blade are far away from the outer corner, H2 is larger than H1 and H3, and H4 is larger than H1 and H3. According to the utility model, material extrusion or material clamping can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a shearing component and a shearing machine, belonging to the technical field of shearing machines. Background Art

[0002] In the metal shearing industry, multi-blade gantry shears with stepped shearing edges are often used for processing. For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN219234124U discloses a shearing machine movable blade holder and a shearing machine. The movable blade holder is provided with multiple shearing units consisting of a transverse blade and a longitudinal blade. The intersection between two adjacent shearing units has an inner corner (inner corner), and the cutting edges of the two blades corresponding to the inner corner are staggered in height at the corner transition. The movable blades on the movable blade holder are tilted relative to the fixed blade. When a single shearing unit consisting of a transverse blade and a longitudinal blade shears a material, the shearing order of the shearing edges is as follows: the lowest point of the shearing unit's shearing edge first contacts the material and begins shearing, then gradually transitions to the outer corner (outer corner) where the two blades of this shearing unit intersect, and then ends at the highest point of the shearing unit's shearing edge. After shearing is completed by one shearing unit, it transitions to other shearing units in sequence, and finally completes the entire shearing process. The shearing device disclosed in the utility model with publication number CN214517825U also adopts such a shearing method. Figure 1 As shown, in one shearing unit, the transverse blade 12-1 and the longitudinal blade 11-1 are both hexahedral structures, which are usually detachably fixed to the movable blade holder 3 by fasteners (not shown). Each face of the transverse blade 12-1 and the longitudinal blade 11-1 is generally rectangular or diamond-shaped, and the edges of the transverse blade 12-1 and the longitudinal blade 11-1 close to the fixed blade 13 are shearing edges. Figure 1 As shown, the longitudinal blade 11-1 has an end face edge 12.2 at the lower edge of the end face 12.1 near the transverse blade 12-1. Since the transverse blade 12-1 and the longitudinal blade 11-1 are both inclined relative to the fixed blade 13, when shearing the material, the order of contact and shearing with the material is: the right side to the left side of the shearing edge of the transverse blade 12-1, then the end face edge 12.2, and then the front end to the rear end of the shearing edge of the longitudinal blade 11-1 (the front end is the upstream side of the feed direction C, and the rear end is the downstream side of the feed direction C). The problem with this shearing method is that the end face edge 12.2 is prone to wear. After the end face edge 12.2 is worn, the tip D where the end face edge 12.2 intersects the shearing edge of the longitudinal blade 11-1 becomes an obtuse angle (or rounded angle). After the tip D becomes blunt, it is easy for the material to be cut off or squeezed into the gap between the fixed blade and the movable blade. As the longitudinal blade 11-1 continues to descend toward the fixed blade 13, the probability of material clamping will be greatly increased.

[0003] The utility model patent with publication number CN214517825U discloses a shearing assembly and shearing equipment, which adopts the following scheme: the transverse cutting edge of the movable blade assembly is tilted upward relative to the fixed blade in the direction pointing to one end of the fixed blade assembly, and the transverse cutting edge of the movable blade assembly is tilted upward relative to the fixed blade in the direction pointing to one end of the fixed blade assembly. For any adjacent transverse cutting edge and longitudinal cutting edge, the lowest position of the former cutting edge is not lower than the highest position of the latter cutting edge. This scheme is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the distance H2 between the highest point of the cutting edge of the first blade 11 (longitudinal blade) and the fixed knife assembly 5 is less than the distance H3 between the lowest point of the cutting edge of the second blade 12 (transverse blade) and the fixed knife assembly 5; the first blade 11 is mounted on the base 14 behind it. When the shearing device of this scheme shears materials, the materials to be sheared will be pushed under the base 14. The first blade 11 is positioned lower. Compared with the second blade 12, the first blade 11 participates in the shearing of the materials first. After the first blade 11 completes the shearing of the materials, the second blade 12 and the base 14 will both contact the materials. The second blade 12 will shear the materials, while the base 14, which has no cutting edge, will only squeeze and clamp the materials in the gap between the base 14 and the fixed knife assembly 5. This not only increases the shearing force, but also easily leads to the situation where the shearing cannot continue due to material jamming. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the utility model provides a shearing assembly and a shearing machine to prevent material squeezing or clamping at the outer corners of the moving blade.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the utility model, a shearing assembly is provided, comprising a movable knife assembly arranged on a movable knife seat and a fixed knife assembly arranged on a fixed knife seat, the movable knife assembly comprising a plurality of first blades and a plurality of second blades, the first blades and the second blades extending in different directions; the first blades and the second blades are alternately arranged so that the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly is stepped along the orthographic projection of the moving direction of the movable knife seat; the cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly is adapted to the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly and the cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly is in the same plane; the first blade and the second blade at the outer corner of the movable knife seat form a blade unit; the first blade and the second blade are relative to each other The fixed knife assembly is arranged at an angle; it is characterized in that, in a single blade unit, the distances from the lowest point and the highest point of the cutting edge of the first blade relative to the fixed knife assembly along the movement direction to the fixed knife assembly are H1 and H2 respectively, and the distances from the lowest point and the highest point of the cutting edge of the second blade relative to the fixed knife assembly along the movement direction to the fixed knife assembly are H3 and H4 respectively, the highest point of the cutting edge of the first blade and the highest point of the cutting edge of the second blade are close to the outer corner, the lowest point of the cutting edge of the first blade and the lowest point of the cutting edge of the second blade are away from the outer corner, H2 is greater than H1 and H3, and H4 is greater than H1 and H3.

[0006] During operation, the movable blade holder, driven by the drive mechanism, drives the movable blade assembly toward the fixed blade assembly. The first blade and the second blade of a single blade unit shear material from the lowest point of the cutting edge to the highest point of the cutting edge. That is, the first blade and the second blade of a single blade unit shear material away from the outer corner first and then shear material near the outer corner. Therefore, when a single blade unit shears material, because the shearing process ends at the outer corner, there is no possibility of material being squeezed or pinched between the first blade and the second blade and the fixed blade due to blunting of the tip D. The present invention overcomes the existing technical prejudice that the first and second blades in the same blade unit cannot shear material simultaneously, otherwise the shear force per unit length of the sheared material would be reduced. However, when a single blade unit shears material, the first blade and the second blade shear material simultaneously at least partially. Although the shear force per unit length of the sheared material is indeed reduced during shearing, it achieves excellent technical results in preventing material squeezing or pinching between the movable blade and the fixed blade due to wear of the outer corner.

[0007] Furthermore, within a single blade unit, the end face of the second blade and the cutting edge of the first blade are in the same plane, the lower edge of the end face of the second blade is the end face edge, and the extension line of the cutting edge of the first blade intersects the end face edge. With this arrangement, the first and second blades complete material shearing at the outer corner as much as possible at the same time.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable blade assembly includes two or more blade units, with adjacent blade units positioned at different heights from the stationary blade assembly. Preferably, the heights of the blade units from the stationary blade assembly are different and increase in sequence. In this way, each blade unit sequentially participates in shearing the material, ultimately shearing the material into multiple pieces.

[0009] Further, the first blade is a transverse blade, and the second blade is a longitudinal blade; or the first blade is a longitudinal blade, and the second blade is a transverse blade.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a shearing machine is provided. The shearing machine includes the above-mentioned shearing assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the movable blade seat to move relative to the fixed blade seat.

[0011] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0012] 1. The first blade and the second blade of a single blade unit first shear the material away from the outer corner and then shear the material close to the outer corner. When a single blade unit shears the material, the shearing process ends at the outer corner, that is, the tip D. Therefore, the tip D will not become blunt, causing the first blade, the second blade and the fixed blade to squeeze or clamp the material.

[0013] 2. It overcomes the existing technical prejudice. In the existing technology, it is assumed that the first blade and the second blade in the same blade unit cannot shear the material at the same time, otherwise the shearing force per unit length of the sheared material will be reduced during shearing. However, when the single blade unit of the utility model shears the material, the first blade and the second blade are shearing the material at the same time at least part of the time. Although the shearing force per unit length of the sheared material is indeed reduced during shearing, it achieves excellent technical effects in preventing the outer corner from being worn, which may easily lead to squeezing or clamping of the material between the movable blade and the fixed blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a partial schematic diagram of a shearing machine in the prior art;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of another shearing machine in the prior art;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shearing machine of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of area B in the middle;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a projection diagram of the movable knife assembly along the moving direction of the movable knife seat;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a front view of the shearing machine of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of area A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Magnified view of area A (dashed lines indicate corresponding distances).

[0022] In the figure: 1-movable knife assembly; 11-first blade; 11.1-cutting edge of the first blade; 1.1-lowest point of the cutting edge; 1.2-highest point of the cutting edge; 12-second blade; 12.1-end face; 12.2-end face edge; 2-frame; 3-movable knife holder; 3.1-outer corner; 3.2-inner corner; 4-fixed knife assembly; 5-fixed knife holder; 6-driving mechanism; B-movement direction; C-feed direction; D-tip; 12-1-transverse blade; 11-1-longitudinal blade; 13-fixed blade; base 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] like Figure 3-Figure 8 As shown, the shearing machine includes a frame 2, a driving mechanism 6 and a shearing assembly arranged on the frame 2, and the shearing assembly includes a movable knife assembly 1 arranged on a movable knife seat 3 and a fixed knife assembly 4 arranged on a fixed knife seat 5;

[0025] The movable knife assembly 1 includes a plurality of first blades 11 and a plurality of second blades 12. The first blades 11 and the second blades 12 can be detachably fixed to the movable knife seat 3 by fasteners; the first blades 11 and the second blades 12 have different extension directions (installation orientations). In this embodiment, the first blades 11 are longitudinal blades and the second blades 12 are transverse blades; the first blades 11 and the second blades 12 are alternately arranged so that the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly 1 is stepped along the orthographic projection of the moving knife seat 3 in the direction of movement B (such as Figure 5The cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly 4 is adapted to the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly 1 and the cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly 4 is in the same plane; wherein the fixed knife assembly 4 also has a plurality of transverse blades and longitudinal blades, and the cutting edges of the movable knife assembly 1 and the fixed knife assembly 4 refer to the edges of the blades involved in shearing the material;

[0026] The movable blade holder 3 has an outer corner 3.1 (male corner) and an inner corner 3.2 (female corner). The first blade 11 and the second blade 12 at the outer corner 3.1 of the movable blade holder 3 form a blade unit (such as Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown); the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 are both inclined relative to the fixed knife assembly 4 (fixed knife seat 5); in a single blade unit, the distances from the lowest point 1.1 and the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge of the first blade 11 relative to the fixed knife assembly 4 along the movement direction B to the fixed knife assembly 4 are H1 and H2 respectively, and the distances from the lowest point 1.1 and the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge of the second blade 12 relative to the fixed knife assembly 4 along the movement direction B to the fixed knife assembly 4 are H3 and H4 respectively, the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge of the first blade 11 and the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge of the second blade 12 are close to the outer corner 3.1, the lowest point 1.1 of the cutting edge of the first blade 11 and the lowest point 1.1 of the cutting edge of the second blade 12 are away from the outer corner 3.1, H2 is greater than H1 and H3, and H4 is greater than H1 and H3.

[0027] When H1 is equal to H3, the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 start shearing at the same time, which is beneficial to shortening the shearing stroke; when H1 is not equal to H3, it is beneficial to reduce the initial shearing force when the blade unit starts shearing.

[0028] Preferably, in a single blade unit, the end face 12.1 of the second blade 12 and the cutting edge 11.1 of the first blade 11 are in the same plane, the lower edge of the end face 12.1 of the second blade 12 is the end face edge 12.2, and the extension line of the cutting edge 11.1 of the first blade 11 intersects with the end face edge 12.2. Preferably, the extension line of the cutting edge 11.1 of the first blade 11 intersects with the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge of the second blade 12. This setting method allows the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 to complete the material shearing and terminate at the outer corner 3.1 as much as possible at the same time. It should be noted that the end face edge 12.2 will participate in the shearing of the material and is also part of the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly 1. The cutting edge 11.1 of the first blade 11 and the cutting edge of the second blade 12 described in the previous paragraph do not include the end face edge 12.2. Figure 7 This can also be seen in .

[0029] like Figure 6As shown, the movable blade assembly 1 includes two or more blade units, with adjacent blade units positioned at different heights from the stationary blade assembly 4. Preferably, the heights of the blade units from the stationary blade assembly 4 are different and increase in sequence. In this way, each blade unit sequentially participates in shearing the material, ultimately shearing the material into several pieces.

[0030] It should be noted that: in the above embodiment, the first blade 11 is a longitudinal blade, and the second blade 12 is a transverse blade; however, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first blade 11 can also be used as a transverse blade, and the second blade 12 can be used as a longitudinal blade, and the purpose of the invention of the utility model can still be achieved. The transverse and longitudinal directions are relative to the material feed direction C. The transverse direction refers to being generally perpendicular to the feed direction, and the longitudinal direction is generally parallel to the feed direction. However, the longitudinal blade is not absolutely parallel to the feed direction, and can have a very small angle with the feed direction. The transverse blade is not absolutely perpendicular to the feed direction, and the angle between it and the feed direction is about 90 degrees. That is, the angle between the transverse and longitudinal directions is about 90 degrees, and 90 degrees is the preferred embodiment.

[0031] The driving mechanism 6 may be a hydraulic cylinder.

[0032] The inclination angles of the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 within a single blade unit may be the same or different. Considering that the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 will shear the material simultaneously at least at certain times, their inclination angles may be slightly larger than those of conventional shears to increase the shear force per unit length of the sheared material.

[0033] During operation, the movable blade seat 3 drives the movable blade assembly 1 to move toward the fixed blade assembly 4 under the drive of the driving mechanism 6. The order in which the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 of a single blade unit shear the material is from the lowest point 1.1 of the cutting edge to the highest point 1.2 of the cutting edge, that is, the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 of a single blade unit first shear the material away from the outer corner 3.1 and then shear the material close to the outer corner 3.1. Then, when a single blade unit shears the material, the shearing process ends at the outer corner 3.1. Since the cutting edges of the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 have completed shearing when shearing the outer corner 3.1, even if the end face edges of the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 are blunted, it will not cause material squeezing or clamping. The present invention overcomes the existing technical prejudice. In the existing technology, it is assumed that the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 cannot shear the material at the same time in the same blade unit, thereby reducing the shearing force per unit length of the sheared material during shearing. However, when a single blade unit of the present invention shears the material, the first blade 11 and the second blade 12 are shearing the material at the same time at least part of the time. Although the shearing force per unit length of the sheared material is indeed reduced during shearing, excellent technical effects are achieved in preventing the outer corner 3.1 from being easily squeezed or clamped between the movable blade and the fixed blade due to wear.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the scope of the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shearing assembly, comprising a movable knife assembly (1) arranged on a movable knife seat (3) and a fixed knife assembly (4) arranged on a fixed knife seat (5), wherein the movable knife assembly (1) comprises a plurality of first blades (11) and a plurality of second blades (12), wherein the first blades (11) and the second blades (12) extend in different directions; the first blades (11) and the second blades (12) are alternately arranged so that the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly (1) is in a step-like shape along the positive projection of the moving direction (B) of the movable knife seat (3); the cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly (4) is adapted to the cutting edge of the movable knife assembly (1) and the cutting edge of the fixed knife assembly (4) is in the same plane; the first blade (11) and the second blade (12) at the outer corner (3.1) of the movable knife seat (3) form a blade unit; the first blade (11) and the second blade (12) are both arranged obliquely relative to the fixed knife assembly (4); and the characteristics are as follows: In a single blade unit, the distances from the lowest point (1.1) and the highest point (1.2) of the cutting edge of the first blade (11) relative to the fixed blade assembly (4) along the movement direction (B) to the fixed blade assembly (4) are H1 and H2 respectively, and the distances from the lowest point (1.1) and the highest point (1.2) of the cutting edge of the second blade (12) relative to the fixed blade assembly (4) along the movement direction (B) to the fixed blade assembly (4) are H3 and H4 respectively, the highest point (1.2) of the cutting edge of the first blade (11) and the highest point (1.2) of the cutting edge of the second blade (12) are close to the outer corner (3.1), the lowest point (1.1) of the cutting edge of the first blade (11) and the lowest point (1.1) of the cutting edge of the second blade (12) are away from the outer corner (3.1), H2 is greater than H1 and H3, and H4 is greater than H1 and H3.

2. A shearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a single blade unit, the end face (12.1) of the second blade (12) and the cutting edge of the first blade (11) are in the same plane, the lower edge of the end face (12.1) of the second blade (12) is an end face edge (12.2), and the extension line of the cutting edge (11.1) of the first blade (11) intersects with the end face edge (12.2).

3. A shearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension line of the cutting edge (11.1) of the first blade (11) intersects with the highest point (1.2) of the cutting edge of the second blade (12).

4. A shearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable knife assembly (1) comprises more than two blade units, and the heights of two adjacent blade units from the fixed knife assembly (4) are different.

5. A shearing assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heights of the plurality of blade units from the fixed blade assembly (4) are different and increase in sequence.

6. A shearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first blade (11) is a transverse blade, and the second blade (12) is a longitudinal blade; or the first blade (11) is a longitudinal blade, and the second blade (12) is a transverse blade.

7. A shearing machine, comprising a driving mechanism and a shearing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the movable blade seat (3) to move relative to the fixed blade seat (5).

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