Solar refrigerating and heating integrated water cup

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar refrigerating and heating integrated water cup, and belongs to the field of water cups. According to the solar refrigerating and heating integrated water cup, the dye-sensitized solar cell is used for generating electricity, the lithium ion battery is used for storing electricity, the semiconductor refrigerating and heating piece is used for refrigerating and heating, the cup body integrates refrigerating and heating, efficient utilization and storage of solar energy are achieved, the heat dissipation structure of the semiconductor refrigerating and heating piece is optimized, and the service life of the cup is prolonged. An integrated refrigerating and heating structure with solar power supply is constructed, the defects that a traditional water cup cannot heat and cool without electricity, a novel water cup cannot integrate refrigerating and heating, needs to be charged, is not environment-friendly, is inconvenient to carry and the like are overcome, drinks can be heated or cooled anytime and anywhere, and higher photoelectric efficiency is achieved. The refrigerating and heating functions are integrated, and the energy-saving and emission-reducing air conditioner has excellent energy-saving and emission-reducing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of water cups, and in particular relates to a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup. Background Art

[0002] As a common item, water cups are gaining increasing attention for their functionality, with heat preservation and cooling being a key function. Commonly used insulated water cups primarily utilize a double-layered wall with a vacuum chamber to achieve this insulation. While this vacuum layer effectively inhibits heat convection and conduction, these insulated water cups lack the ability to automatically heat or cool the water within, resulting in limited functionality. Solar water cups, as a new environmentally friendly product, are attracting widespread attention.

[0003] Existing solar water cups mostly use silicon-based solar panels to collect energy, transfer it to batteries for storage, and, based on temperature readings, issue commands to a control system to control charging and discharging, achieving both cooling and heating effects. While these silicon-based solar cells have achieved an efficiency of 26.8%, their energy recovery cycle is several years, and they require high material purity, are energy-intensive, and are expensive to manufacture, significantly limiting their development and application. During the production of solar water cups, the conflict between the placement of the silicon-based solar panels and the aesthetics of the cups, as well as their ability to fit snugly within the cup body, present manufacturing challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the existing technology, the utility model proposes a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, which improves the traditional solar water cup from the two aspects of solar power generation and storage, so that the prepared solar cooling and heating integrated water cup has the characteristics of simple process, high safety, strong practicality, lightweight, low cost, long life, etc.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0006] The utility model discloses a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, comprising an outer layer of transparent conductive glass and an inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass. The outer layer of transparent conductive glass is provided with a nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer as a photoanode, on which a sensitizing dye is adsorbed. The inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass serves as a counter electrode. The side of the outer layer of transparent conductive glass provided with the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer faces the side of the inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass provided with a conductive surface. The space between the outer layer of transparent conductive glass and the inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass is filled with an electrolyte, thereby forming a dye-sensitized solar cell.

[0007] A semiconductor cooling and heating sheet is installed at the bottom of the cup body formed by the outer layer of transparent conductive glass and the inner layer of conductive insulation glass. Heat conduction blocks are installed at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling and heating sheet to achieve heat exchange and transmission. At the same time, it lowers the center of gravity of the cup, making the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup more stable and not easy to tip over.

[0008] A temperature detection and control system is also provided at the bottom of the cup body, which includes a battery, a temperature sensor, a temperature display, a switch and a control system;

[0009] Among them, the dye-sensitized solar cell, the battery, the temperature sensor, the temperature display, and the semiconductor cooling and heating sheet are all connected to the switch and the control system.

[0010] The temperature sensor is arranged on the inner conductive insulation glass and is used to detect the temperature of the liquid in the water cup;

[0011] The temperature sensor is connected to a temperature display, and the temperature display is used to display the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0012] The switch and control system are used to realize that if the temperature displayed on the temperature display is too low or too high, the charge and discharge of the battery and the heating and cooling of the semiconductor cooling and heating plate can be controlled through the switch and control system.

[0013] Furthermore, the nanoporous oxide semiconductor is preferably one of nanoporous TiO2, SnO2, NiO, ZnO, Al2O3, and Nb2O5.

[0014] Furthermore, thermal insulation cotton is provided around the heat conductive block, which not only reduces heat loss but also separates it from the temperature detection and control system.

[0015] Furthermore, a radiator is provided on the side of the heat conduction block near the lower end of the bottom of the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup. The radiator can increase the heat dissipation area, so that the heat generated by the semiconductor cooling and heating plate can be better transmitted to the external environment through the heat conduction block.

[0016] The inner layer of conductive heat-insulating glass has a heat-insulating effect. While keeping the liquid in the cup warm, it can also reduce the impact of temperature on the working efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell, making it convenient to take out at high temperatures.

[0017] The semiconductor cooling and heating plate utilizes the Peltier effect of the material. When a direct current passes through a thermocouple made of two different materials in series, heat can be absorbed and released at both ends of the thermocouple respectively, which is used to realize the conversion of electrical energy and cold and heat, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling or heating.

[0018] The switch and control system is preferably a single chip microcomputer.

[0019] The battery is preferably a lithium-ion battery.

[0020] The sensitizing dye is preferably anthocyanin.

[0021] The conductive surface is preferably a conductor, more preferably Pt.

[0022] The solar cooling and heating cup operates as follows: When exposed to sunlight, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) activates, converting solar energy into electricity. This energy is then fed to a battery via a switch and control system. The battery also serves as a power source for the semiconductor cooling and heating element, as well as the temperature sensing and control system. The user can select cooling or heating mode using a switch. If the temperature display indicates too low or too high, the switch and control system activate. When the cooling switch is on, the semiconductor cooling and heating element contacts one end of the cup's interior to begin cooling, while heat from the other end is transferred to the outside environment via a heat sink. When the heating switch is on, the direction of current flowing through the P and N semiconductor couples changes, and the semiconductor cooling and heating element begins heating. The user can monitor the real-time temperature of the liquid in the cup via a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensing and control system adjusts the temperature to maintain the desired range.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for preparing a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Preparation of photoanode

[0025] Step 1: Prepare the ingredients

[0026] removing impurities from the conductive glass and drying it to obtain pretreated conductive glass; preparing a slurry for a nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer;

[0027] In the step 1, the conductive glass is preferably fluorine-doped SnO2 transparent conductive glass (FTO conductive glass) or ITO conductive glass, more preferably FTO conductive glass.

[0028] In the step 1, the conductive glass is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 30 to 60 minutes in sequence; and the drying temperature is preferably 70 to 90°C.

[0029] In step 1, the slurry of the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer is prepared by the following preparation method: the nanoporous oxide semiconductor and anhydrous ethanol are mixed and stirred at 50-70°C, and then a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, acetylacetone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are added and mixed uniformly to obtain a slurry of the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer. The solid-to-liquid ratio is: hydrophilic nano-sized titanium dioxide: anhydrous ethanol: quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant: acetylacetone: polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP): polyethylene glycol (PEG) = 1 g: 10 mL: (0.5-0.8) g: (1-2) mL: (0.5-1) g: (1-2) g.

[0030] Step 2: Spin coating the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer

[0031] Spin-coating the slurry of the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer on the center of the conductive surface of the pretreated conductive glass to obtain a conductive glass with a uniform and smooth coating;

[0032] In the step 2, the spin coating speed is adjusted according to the viscosity of the slurry of the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer.

[0033] Step 3: Sintering

[0034] The conductive glass with a uniform and smooth coating is dried, sintered at a gradient temperature, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a photoanode preform;

[0035] In step 3, the gradient temperature sintering is to heat the material to 400-450°C at a heating rate of 2-5°C / min and keep the temperature for 30-60 minutes, and then heat the material to 500-550°C at a heating rate of 2-5°C / min and keep the temperature for 30-60 minutes.

[0036] Step 4: Adsorption of sensitizing dye

[0037] The photoanode preform is placed with the conductive surface facing upward and immersed in an ethanol solution of anthocyanin in the dark for more than 20 hours. After being taken out, it is washed with ethanol to remove the surface color and naturally dried to obtain a conductive glass provided with a nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer.

[0038] In the step 4, the ethanol solution of anthocyanidins is an ethanol solution of anthocyanidins with a volume fraction of 75%.

[0039] S2: Preparation of dye-sensitized solar cells

[0040] A conductive glass with a nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer is used as the outer layer of a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, with the side with the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer facing the side with the conductive surface of the inner conductive insulation glass to form an interlayer. An electrolyte is injected into the interlayer to obtain a dye-sensitized solar cell.

[0041] The inner layer of conductive insulating glass is prepared by the following preparation method: a graphite rod with a mass percentage of more than 80% is coated on the conductive surface of the conductive insulating glass, and then placed in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, rinsed with ethanol and naturally dried to obtain the inner layer of conductive insulating glass.

[0042] The graphite rod with a mass percentage of more than 80% is preferably a 5B pencil.

[0043] The conductive surface is preferably pt.

[0044] The electrolyte is prepared by the following method: raw materials are weighed according to the solid-liquid ratio of iodine: anhydrous lithium iodide: acetonitrile: polyol = (0.3-0.4) g: (4.0-5.0) g: (40-50) mL: (8-12) mL; iodine and anhydrous lithium iodide are dissolved in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and polyol, and the mixture is transferred into a brown reagent bottle and stored away from light for later use.

[0045] S3: Assembly

[0046] The accessories of the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup are arranged in corresponding positions according to the structure, the dye-sensitized solar cell is used as the cup body for holding liquid, and a cavity is formed below the cup body and the packaging shell at the bottom of the cup; the dye-sensitized solar cell is connected to the control system and the battery through a switch, the semiconductor cooling and heating plate is arranged in the cavity at the bottom of the cup, and heat conduction blocks are provided at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling and heating plate, and a heat sink is provided at the end of the heat conduction block arranged at the lower end away from the semiconductor cooling and heating plate, the temperature detection and control system is arranged in the cavity at the bottom of the cup, and the temperature sensor, temperature display, and semiconductor cooling and heating plate are all connected to the switch and control system. After assembly, the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup is obtained.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0048] The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup of this utility model adopts dye-sensitized solar cells for power generation, lithium-ion batteries for power storage, and semiconductor cooling and heating sheets for cooling and heating. The cup body integrates cooling and heating, realizing efficient utilization and storage of solar energy. The dye-sensitized solar cells are integrated into the double-layer glass cup. By upgrading the structure of the glass cup, the conversion rate η = Pm / Ps × 100% = 10.02% is achieved; the maximum output power Pm = 10.0167 × 10-3 W / cm 2 , optimized the heat dissipation structure of the semiconductor cooling and heating plate, and creatively proposed an integrated cooling and heating structure powered by solar energy, which solved the shortcomings of traditional water cups that cannot be heated and cooled without electricity, new water cups that cannot integrate cooling and heating, need to be charged, are not environmentally friendly and inconvenient to carry, etc. Drinks can be heated or cooled anytime and anywhere, and have higher photoelectric efficiency, integrating cooling and heating functions. This utility model has excellent energy-saving and emission reduction performance.

[0049] The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup utilizes the Peltier effect of semiconductor chips. By changing the direction of direct current, the cold and hot ends of the semiconductor chip are switched, integrating cooling and heating functions into a single device. This not only saves space, but also simplifies the operation process and improves the overall system's ease of use. Furthermore, by optimizing the heat dissipation structure of the semiconductor chip, cooling and heating efficiency are improved while ensuring the device's stability, durability, and aesthetics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup;

[0052] In the above figure, 1 is the cup cover, 2 is the outer transparent conductive glass, 3 is the electrolyte, 4 is the inner conductive thermal insulation glass, 5 is the heat conduction block, 6 is the semiconductor cooling and heating plate, 7 is the heat sink, 8 is the cup bottom packaging shell, 9 is the thermal insulation cotton, and 10 is the temperature detection and control system.

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the dye-sensitized solar cell structure.

[0054] Figure 4 This is the output characteristic curve of the solar cell.

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the working process of temperature detection and control system.

[0056] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cooling or heating structure and working principle of a semiconductor cooling and heating element; (a) cooling; (b) heating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. The following embodiments are preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Other embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the present invention as long as they can achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0058] Example

[0059] A method for preparing a solar cooling and heating integrated water cup comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) Preparation of dye-sensitized solar cells

[0061] Experimental materials: FTO conductive glass (FTO conductive glass has slightly worse conductivity than ITO conductive glass, but its cost, etching difficulty, and high temperature resistance are all better than ITO conductive glass), P25 (TiO2, mass purity of 99.8%, particle size of 25nm, anatase phase, hydrophilic), anhydrous ethanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), acetylacetone, polyethylene glycol (PEG 20000), N791 dye, elemental iodine, anhydrous potassium iodide, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol, chloroplatinic acid, sarin film, Scotch tape; semiconductor cooling and heating element (TEC).

[0062] Experimental instruments: ultrasonic cleaner (KQ-300), multimeter, glue spreader (TC-218), magnetic stirrer (77-1), glue baking machine (SC-HI), muffle furnace (CHY-1200), blast drying oven (WGL-65B), electrochemical workstation (CHI660D), electronic analytical balance (FA124C), scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Tech S-4800).

[0063] S1: Preparation of photoanode:

[0064] The conductive glass was ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 30 min in sequence and dried at 80 °C.

[0065] The nanoporous oxide semiconductor uses P25 powder, and the raw materials are weighed according to the ratio of TiO2 slurry: 1g of P25 powder, 10mL of anhydrous ethanol, 0.6g of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 1.2mL of acetylacetone, 0.6g of PVP, and 200001 / g of PEG; the P25 powder and anhydrous ethanol in the above raw materials are mixed, and the mixture is stirred evenly at a stirring temperature preferably at 50-60°C, and then the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, acetylacetone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG20000) are added and mixed evenly to obtain TiO2 slurry.

[0066] Among them, the quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant is preferably one of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and more preferably cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC).

[0067] Use Scotch tape to stick one end of the FTO glass conductive surface, use a glass rod to drop TiO2 slurry to the center of the FTO conductive surface, adjust the spin coater speed according to the viscosity of the slurry to obtain a conductive glass with a uniform and smooth coating, dry it, remove the tape, and place it in a muffle furnace for sintering (450℃30min, 500℃30min, heating rate 2℃ / min) to obtain a photoanode preform.

[0068] After natural cooling, the photoanode preform was immersed with the conductive surface facing upward in an ethanol solution containing 75% anthocyanin by volume, protected from light for 24 hours, taken out, rinsed with ethanol to remove the floating color on the surface, and dried naturally.

[0069] S2: Prepare the counter electrode: Use a physical coating method to coat the conductive surface of the conductive glass with a 5B pencil, then place it in a muffle furnace for heat treatment. Rinse the heat-treated counter electrode with alcohol and dry it to obtain the desired counter electrode. A Pt electrode sheet is placed on the side of the 5B pencil coated with the Pt electrode sheet as the conductive surface. Pt (platinum) only serves as a conductor because of its stable chemical properties (it is not easy to react with the electrolyte) and contains a large number of free electrons, thus serving as a conductive surface.

[0070] S3: Prepare electrolyte: Use a balance to weigh 0.32 g of iodine and 4.15 g of anhydrous lithium iodide, and measure 40 mL of acetonitrile and 10 mL of ethylene glycol. Dissolve the weighed iodine and lithium iodide in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and ethylene glycol, transfer to a brown reagent bottle, and store in a dark place until use.

[0071] Assemble the battery: Place the photoanode and the conductive surface of the counter electrode opposite each other, stack them together, clamp them with a clip, and use a syringe to inject the electrolyte solution between the layers using the capillary principle to complete the assembly and leave it for testing.

[0072] Performance test: Under standard test conditions (STC), the pre-experimental samples are tested to obtain their solar cell output characteristic curves.

[0073] A control group test was set up to obtain the optimal ratio of TiO2 slurry for preparing photoanode. Samples were made and their open circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current density (JSC), conversion efficiency (η), fill factor (FF) and other parameters were tested. JV and PV curves were drawn, and their theoretical power was calculated.

[0074] VOC is the open-circuit voltage; JSC is the short-circuit current density; power is represented by power density P, with the formula P = JV. Pm is the maximum power point power density, which represents the maximum power density output under given temperature and irradiance conditions, Pm = Jm·Vm.

[0075] The obtained solar cell output characteristic curve is shown in Figure 4 ,pass Figure 4The performance of dye-sensitized solar cells can be seen.

[0076] (2) Experiments on semiconductor cooling and heating elements

[0077] Semiconductor cooling and heating utilizes the Peltier effect of materials.

[0078] At a PN junction, carrier migration forms an electric current. However, the potential energies of carriers in two differently doped semiconductor materials are different. Therefore, to ensure energy conservation, the energy exchanged between carriers and the surrounding environment as they pass through the junction is expressed as heat.

[0079] In the Peltier effect, the relationship between Peltier heat and the current through a conductor is: QP = πI. π is a constant, called the "Peltier coefficient," which depends on the semiconductor material. For a PN junction, the Peltier coefficient is π = (αp - αn)T, where αp and αn are the temperature difference between the P-type and N-type semiconductors, respectively, and T is the absolute temperature at the junction.

[0080] Therefore, when the current flows from N to P, the temperature drops and heat is absorbed, forming a cold junction; while when the current flows from P to N, the temperature rises and heat is released, forming a hot junction. This principle is utilized in the device to control the current direction from N to P for cooling, while heating requires only changing the direction of the DC current.

[0081] Figure 6 This represents a working unit of a semiconductor cooling / heating element, consisting of a P-type semiconductor element and an N-type semiconductor element connected in series to form a thermocouple. Conventional semiconductor cooling / heating elements contain multiple sets of PN junctions, which are connected in parallel, series, or mixed to achieve cooling or heating.

[0082] (3) Assemble the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, the structural diagram of which is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0083] System design is divided into power supply design and temperature detection and control system design.

[0084] Power supply system: A combination of dye-sensitized solar cells and lithium-ion batteries is used to boost the voltage of the electricity generated by solar energy and store it in the lithium-ion battery. Through the switch and control system, it provides power to the semiconductor cooling and heating elements when needed.

[0085] Temperature detection and control system design: Use temperature sensors to collect temperature, transmit data to the switch and control system in real time, and realize automatic operation according to the set temperature range. Its workflow is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0086] In the mechanical design, the device is mainly composed of five parts: the power generation part based on dye-sensitized solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, semiconductor cooling and heating plates, heat conduction blocks, and temperature detection and control systems.

[0087] The device adopts a double-layer glass design, with the outer layer of FTO conductive glass attached with nanoporous oxide semiconductor acting as a photoanode, and the electrolyte filled between the interlayers to form a dye-sensitized solar cell (its structure is shown in Figure 3 ), while the inner layer of conductive insulating glass has a heat-insulating effect. While keeping the liquid in the cup warm, it can also reduce the impact of temperature on the working efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell, making it more convenient to take at high temperatures.

[0088] A semiconductor cooling and heating plate is mounted at the bottom of the device, with heat transfer blocks fixed at its top and bottom to facilitate heat transfer. This weight also lowers the cup's center of gravity, making it more stable and less likely to tip over. The heat transfer block is wrapped in insulation to minimize heat loss and isolate it from the temperature detection and control system. A heat sink is attached to the lower heat transfer block to increase the heat dissipation area, effectively transferring heat generated by cooling or cooling air generated by heating to the outside environment.

[0089] A temperature detection and control system and a lithium-ion battery are installed in the annular space at the lower end of the cup body, making the product more portable.

[0090] The capacity of the cup is approximately π×(2.75cm)²×16.68cm=396.2883cm 3 The energy required to heat water from room temperature (25°C) to a suitable temperature of 50°C can be calculated as Q = 1000 × 393.0132 × 10-6 × 4.2 × (50-25) = 41.2663 kJ. Converting to 1 kWh = 3600 kJ, Q = 0.011462885 kWh. This means that theoretically, approximately 1,128 cups of water can be heated annually. Users of this product can reduce primary energy consumption by approximately 13 kWh per year, which in turn reduces carbon emissions by approximately 13 kg. Assuming half of China's population uses this product, the annual electricity savings would be 9,333,686,708.8603 kWh, equivalent to 1,147,067.3109 tons of standard coal (10,000 kWh of electricity = 1.229 tons of standard coal; 8,137 kWh = 1 ton of standard coal), reducing carbon emissions by 9,305,685.6487 tons.

Claims

1. A solar cooling and heating integrated water cup, characterized in that: The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup includes an outer layer of transparent conductive glass and an inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass. The outer layer of transparent conductive glass is provided with a nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer as a photoanode, and a sensitizing dye is adsorbed on the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer. The inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass serves as a counter electrode. The side of the outer layer of transparent conductive glass provided with the nanoporous oxide semiconductor layer faces the side of the inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass provided with a conductive surface. The space between the outer layer of transparent conductive glass and the inner layer of conductive thermal insulation glass is filled with an electrolyte, forming a dye-sensitized solar cell. A semiconductor cooling and heating sheet is provided at the bottom of the cup body formed by an outer layer of transparent conductive glass and an inner layer of conductive heat-insulating glass, and heat-conducting blocks are provided at the upper and lower ends of the semiconductor cooling and heating sheet; A temperature detection and control system is also provided at the bottom of the cup body, which includes a battery, a temperature sensor, a temperature display, a switch and a control system; Among them, the dye-sensitized solar cell, the battery, the temperature sensor, the temperature display, and the semiconductor cooling and heating sheet are all connected to the switch and the control system.

2. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoporous oxide semiconductor is one of nanoporous TiO2, SnO2, NiO, ZnO, Al2O3, and Nb2O5.

3. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat insulation cotton is arranged around the heat conduction block.

4. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: A radiator is provided on one side of the heat conducting block near the lower end of the bottom of the solar cooling and heating integrated water cup.

5. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is arranged on the inner conductive insulation glass and is used to detect the temperature of the liquid in the water cup; the temperature sensor is connected to the temperature display, and the temperature display is used to display the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

6. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch and control system are used to realize that if the temperature displayed on the temperature display is too low or too high, the charge and discharge of the battery and the heating and cooling of the semiconductor cooling and heating plate can be controlled through the switch and control system.

7. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch and control system is a single chip microcomputer.

8. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is a lithium-ion battery.

9. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensitizing dye is anthocyanin.

10. The solar cooling and heating integrated water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive surface is a conductor Pt.

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