Thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, battery pack and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle, and mainly solves the problem of potential safety hazards caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device comprises a flue gas conveying pipe and a flue gas treatment pipe, the two ends of the flue gas conveying pipe are used for being connected with an explosion venting opening of a battery pack and a flue gas treatment pipe correspondingly. The flue gas treatment pipe comprises an exhaust pipe, a dispersion plate and an adsorption filtering unit; a baffle is arranged at the other end of the exhaust pipe; the dispersion plate is arranged at the open end of the exhaust pipe and forms a flue gas treatment cavity with the exhaust pipe; the adsorption filtering unit comprises N adsorption filtering layers which are sequentially nested from outside to inside in the radial direction of the exhaust pipe; thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas treatment cavity through the flue gas holes in the dispersion plate, is sequentially treated by the first adsorption filter layer to the Nth adsorption filter layer step by step and then is discharged through the flue gas outlet, and the discharged residual gas is not easy to burn, so that the potential safety hazard caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway smoke exhaust device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The battery pack is a crucial component of electric vehicles, primarily providing driving power. To achieve longer driving range, electric vehicles tightly arrange multiple individual cells within the battery pack casing. This high-density arrangement compromises the safety and thermal stability of the battery pack. Furthermore, factors such as overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, and mechanical impact can easily cause the battery separators within the individual cells within the battery pack to collapse and internally short-circuit, leading to thermal runaway. When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, it produces a large amount of thermal runaway fumes. These high-temperature, high-pressure fumes are discharged from the battery pack, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of potential safety hazards caused by thermal runaway of a battery pack, the utility model provides a thermal runaway smoke exhaust device, a battery pack and an electric vehicle.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0005] A thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device comprises a flue gas conveying pipe and a flue gas treatment pipe; one end of the flue gas conveying pipe is used to be connected to a battery pack, and the other end is used to be connected to the flue gas treatment pipe; the flue gas treatment pipe comprises an exhaust pipe, a dispersion plate, and an adsorption filter unit; one end of the exhaust pipe is open, and the other end is provided with a baffle, and the baffle is provided with a flue gas outlet; the dispersion plate is arranged at the open end of the exhaust pipe, and forms a flue gas treatment chamber with the exhaust pipe; the adsorption filter unit is arranged in the flue gas treatment chamber, and comprises N adsorption filter layers nested in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the exhaust pipe, wherein the Nth adsorption filter layer is arranged at the innermost side, and the axial channel in the Nth adsorption filter layer is a flue gas exhaust channel, which is connected to the flue gas outlet on the baffle; the dispersion plate is provided with a plurality of flue gas holes connected to the first adsorption filter layer, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas treatment chamber through the flue gas holes, is processed layer by layer from the first adsorption filter layer to the Nth adsorption filter layer, and is discharged through the flue gas exhaust channel and the flue gas outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, a smoke exhaust pipe is provided on the smoke exhaust port of the baffle, a fixed pipe is provided on the end face of the dispersion plate close to the smoke treatment chamber, and both ends of the axial channel of the Nth adsorption filter layer are sleeved on the smoke exhaust pipe and the fixed pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the open end of the exhaust pipe is provided with an annular rib, and the dispersion plate is fixed on the annular rib. At the same time, the annular rib is used to position the first adsorption filter layer.

[0008] Furthermore, fire-retardant cotton is provided on the side of the dispersion plate away from the smoke treatment chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the smoke conveying pipe is a metal hose, and the length of the smoke conveying pipe is greater than 0.2m.

[0010] Furthermore, the adsorption filtration unit includes three adsorption filtration layers, the first adsorption filtration layer is a molecular sieve layer, the second adsorption filtration layer is absorbent paper, and the third adsorption filtration layer is a filter element.

[0011] Furthermore, the ends of the flue gas treatment pipe and the flue gas delivery pipe are respectively provided with internal threads and external threads, and the flue gas treatment pipe and the flue gas delivery pipe are connected via threads.

[0012] The utility model also provides a battery pack, including a box body, a battery module and the above-mentioned thermal runaway smoke exhaust device; the battery module is arranged in the box body, the box body is provided with an explosion vent, and the explosion vent is provided with an explosion vent part, and the explosion vent of the box body is connected to the smoke conveying pipe of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device.

[0013] Furthermore, a partition is provided in the box body, which divides the inner cavity of the box body into a first cavity and a second cavity. The single cells of the battery module are arranged in the first cavity, and the battery management module of the battery module is arranged in the second cavity.

[0014] The utility model also provides an electric vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The thermal runaway smoke exhaust device of the present invention includes a smoke conveying pipe and a smoke treatment pipe; the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device discharges the thermal runaway smoke in the battery pack in an orderly and directional manner out of the battery pack, avoiding the risk of thermal runaway smoke accumulating in the battery pack to cause combustion or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack; at the same time, the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device can process the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the battery pack, so that the gas discharged after treatment is not easy to burn, thereby avoiding the safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway smoke. At the same time, when the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device is used, there is no need to change the structure of the battery pack, and it only needs to be connected to the explosion vent of the battery pack. In addition, the smoke conveying pipe and the smoke treatment pipe of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device are relatively small in size and can be installed on existing electric vehicles without making major changes to the structure of the electric vehicle, and have a wide range of uses.

[0017] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device of the present invention, a smoke exhaust pipe is provided on the smoke exhaust outlet of the baffle, and a fixed pipe is provided on the dispersion plate. Both ends of the axial channel of the Nth adsorption filter layer are mounted on the smoke exhaust pipe and the fixed pipe. The smoke exhaust pipe and the fixed pipe are used to position and fasten the N adsorption filter layers, so that the N adsorption filter layers are stably and reliably arranged in the smoke treatment chamber.

[0018] 3. In the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device of the present invention, an annular rib is provided at the open end of the exhaust pipe, which is used to fix the dispersion plate so that the dispersion plate and the exhaust pipe are integrated into one, thereby allowing N adsorption filter layers to be stably and reliably arranged in the flue gas treatment chamber. At the same time, the annular rib can also position and install the first adsorption filter layer.

[0019] 4. In the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device of the present invention, a fire-retardant cotton is provided on the side of the dispersion plate away from the flue gas treatment chamber. The fire-retardant cotton can filter larger solid debris in the thermal runaway flue gas and reduce the probability of the thermal runaway flue gas clogging the dispersion plate.

[0020] 5. In the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device of the present invention, the smoke conveying pipe is a metal hose, and the smoke conveying pipe is a pipeline of a certain length. The smoke conveying pipe spatially isolates the discharged thermal runaway smoke from the battery pack, so that the discharged thermal runaway smoke has a certain safety distance from the battery pack, avoiding the impact of the thermal runaway smoke on the battery pack after discharge.

[0021] 6. In the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device of the present invention, the flue gas treatment pipe and the flue gas delivery pipe are connected by threads, which is convenient for installation and maintenance on site.

[0022] 7. In the battery pack of the present invention, a partition is provided in the box body, which isolates the single battery of the battery module and the battery management module to prevent the battery management module from being damaged when the single battery thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device and the battery pack in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the flue gas treatment pipe in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 The structure of the exhaust pipe in Example 1 of the present utility model is shown as follows: Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 5 The structure of the exhaust pipe in Example 1 of the present utility model is shown as follows: Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the dispersion plate in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the battery pack in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack box provided with a partition in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle in Example 3 of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the battery pack on an electric vehicle in Example 3 of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure numerals: 100-electric vehicle, 1-battery pack, 2-smoke conveying pipe, 3-smoke treatment pipe, 11-box, 12-battery module, 111-explosion vent, 112-partition, 113-second cavity, 121-single battery, 122-battery management module, 123-connecting terminal, 124-fixing frame, 125-insulating plate, 126-U-shaped connecting plate, 127-connecting rod, 31-exhaust pipe, 32-dispersion plate, 33-adsorption filter unit, 34-baffle, 35-smoke exhaust pipe, 36-fireproof cotton, 311-smoke exhaust port, 312-smoke exhaust channel, 313-annular rib, 321-smoke hole, 322-fixing pipe, 331-first adsorption filter layer, 332-second adsorption filter layer, 333-third adsorption filter layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The phrases "in other embodiments" appearing in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor do they refer to separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" in this specification are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being described. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In this specification, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can mean a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate component, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0041] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] The battery pack is an important component of electric vehicles and mainly provides driving power for electric vehicles. Existing battery packs generally include multiple single cells (single cells can be existing single cylindrical batteries, square shell batteries, soft pack batteries, etc.) and a battery management module. Multiple single cells are connected in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel to meet the different capacity requirements of the battery pack. The battery management module is mainly used to maintain and manage each single cell. The above-mentioned multiple single cells are prone to thermal runaway during use or when overcharged, over-discharged, or mechanically collided, generating thermal runaway smoke. The thermal runaway smoke gathers outside the battery pack, posing a safety hazard.

[0043] Based on this, this embodiment provides a thermal runaway smoke exhaust device, which discharges the thermal runaway smoke in the battery pack in an orderly and directional manner to the battery pack, avoiding the risk of thermal runaway smoke accumulation in the battery pack to cause combustion or explosion, and improving the safety of the battery pack; at the same time, the smoke treatment pipe in the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device can treat the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the battery pack, so that the gas discharged after treatment is not easy to burn, avoiding the safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway smoke.

[0044] At the same time, when using and installing the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, there is no need to change the structure of the battery pack, and it only needs to be connected to the explosion vent of the battery pack. In addition, in the flue gas treatment pipe in the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, N adsorption filter layers are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the exhaust pipe, so that the thermal runaway flue gas has sufficient contact area with each adsorption filter layer, and the adsorption filter layer treats the thermal runaway flue gas as fully as possible. At the same time, the filling method of this adsorption filter layer makes the radial size of the flue gas treatment pipe smaller. The flue gas delivery pipe and the flue gas treatment pipe can be installed on an existing electric vehicle without making major changes to the structure of the electric vehicle. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device has a wide range of uses.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, which includes a flue gas conveying pipe 2 and a flue gas treatment pipe 3. One end of the flue gas conveying pipe 2 is connected to the explosion vent of the battery pack 1, and the other end is connected to the flue gas treatment pipe 3. When a battery module in the battery pack 1 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway is transported through the flue gas conveying pipe 2 to the flue gas treatment pipe 3. The flue gas treatment pipe 3 processes the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery pack 1 and discharges the treated gas, effectively avoiding the hidden dangers caused by the discharge of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0047] The flue gas conveying pipe 2 in this embodiment is mainly used to convey the thermal runaway flue gas in the battery pack 1 to the flue gas treatment pipe 3. The flue gas conveying pipe 2 generally adopts a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant pipeline. At the same time, in actual use, the flue gas conveying pipe 2 is preferably a hose, which facilitates the connection between the battery pack 1 and the flue gas conveying pipe 2. In this embodiment, the flue gas conveying pipe 2 adopts a metal bellows, and its position on the electric vehicle can be adjusted at will according to the body structure of the electric vehicle.

[0048] At the same time, the aforementioned flue gas duct 2 is a pipeline of a certain length, which safely isolates the battery pack 1 from the discharged thermal runaway flue gas, preventing the discharged thermal runaway flue gas from affecting the battery pack 1. In specific configurations, a length of the flue gas duct 2 greater than 0.2m is relatively preferred. This configuration increases the distance between the discharged thermal runaway flue gas and the battery pack 1, preventing the discharged thermal runaway flue gas from affecting the battery pack 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the flue gas treatment pipe 3 is connected to the end of the flue gas conveying pipe 2 and is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas conveyed by the flue gas conveying pipe 2, thereby preventing safety hazards caused by the thermal runaway flue gas after discharge. At the same time, it can also effectively reduce the environmental pollution caused by the thermal runaway flue gas. When the flue gas treatment pipe 3 is connected to the flue gas conveying pipe 2, the flue gas treatment pipe 3 can be provided with internal threads and external threads at the adjacent ends of the flue gas treatment pipe 3 and the flue gas conveying pipe 2, respectively. The threaded connection connects the flue gas treatment pipe 3 and the flue gas conveying pipe 2, and the threaded connection facilitates on-site installation and maintenance.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the flue gas treatment pipe 3 in this embodiment includes an exhaust pipe 31, a dispersion plate 32 and an adsorption filter unit 33; the exhaust pipe 31 and the dispersion plate 32 are mainly used to assemble the adsorption filter unit 33, and the adsorption filter unit 33 performs step-by-step treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0051] The exhaust pipe 31 is a sleeve structure with a certain length, and the cross-sectional shape of the sleeve is not required. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the exhaust pipe 31 in this embodiment is a cylindrical structure. One end of the exhaust pipe 31 is open, and the other end is provided with a baffle 34. The open end is used to connect with the smoke conveying pipe 2. The baffle 34 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 311.

[0052] like Figure 6As shown, the above-mentioned dispersion plate 32 is arranged at the open end of the exhaust pipe 31, and forms a flue gas treatment chamber with the exhaust pipe 31. The dispersion plate 32 is a flat plate structure, and a plurality of axially penetrating and circumferentially uniformly distributed flue gas holes 321 are provided on its end face. During specific processing, the flue gas holes 321 are arranged at a position close to the periphery of the end face of the dispersion plate 32. The dispersion plate 32 reduces the speed of the thermal runaway flue gas entering the flue gas treatment chamber, so that the thermal runaway flue gas slowly enters the adsorption filter unit 33.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the adsorption filter unit 33 is disposed within the flue gas treatment chamber and includes N adsorption filter layers nested sequentially from the outside inward along the radial direction of the exhaust pipe 31, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The first adsorption filter layer is disposed at the outermost position, and the Nth adsorption filter layer is disposed at the innermost position. The axial passage within the Nth adsorption filter layer serves as the flue gas discharge passage 312. The N adsorption filter layers are disposed within the flue gas treatment chamber, and the flue gas holes 321 on the dispersion plate 32 communicate with the first adsorption filter layer. That is, the positions of the flue gas holes 321 on the dispersion plate 32 correspond to those of the first adsorption filter layer. The flue gas discharge passage 312 communicates with the flue gas outlet 311 on the baffle 34 of the exhaust pipe 31. Thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas treatment chamber through the flue gas holes 321 on the dispersion plate 32, and after being processed layer by layer through the first through the Nth adsorption filter layers, is discharged through the flue gas discharge passage 312 and the flue gas outlet 311.

[0054] In this embodiment, the adsorption filter unit 33 includes three adsorption filter layers nested in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the exhaust pipe 31, namely the first adsorption filter layer 331, the second adsorption filter layer 332, and the third adsorption filter layer 333; the above-mentioned first adsorption filter layer 331, the second adsorption filter layer 332, and the third adsorption filter layer 333 are all annular adsorption filter layers, which have a certain length in the axial direction, forming a ring-like structure, the first adsorption filter layer 331 is mounted on the outside of the second adsorption filter layer 332, and the second adsorption filter layer 332 is mounted on the outside of the third adsorption filter layer 333. The third adsorption filter layer 333 is provided with a smoke exhaust channel 312 for discharging thermal runaway smoke. After passing through the smoke holes 321 on the dispersion plate 32, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the first adsorption filter layer 331. After being processed by the first adsorption filter layer 331, it enters the second adsorption filter layer 332 and finally enters the third adsorption filter layer 333. After being processed step by step, the probability of combustion or explosion of the discharged gas is greatly reduced.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first adsorption filter layer 331 is a molecular sieve, etc., used to adsorb toxic and harmful gases and some electrolytes in the thermal runaway flue gas. The second adsorption filter layer 332 is absorbent sponge or absorbent paper, which is primarily used to fully absorb the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas. The third adsorption filter layer 333 is a filter element, which can be stainless steel or ceramic. The filter element can fully filter out most small particulate matter, ensuring relatively clean exhaust flue gas.

[0056] When the first adsorption filter layer 331, the second adsorption filter layer 332, and the third adsorption filter layer 333 are arranged in the flue gas treatment chamber, the filter element can be installed first, and then the absorbent sponge or absorbent paper can be put on the filter element, and finally the molecular sieve can be filled.

[0057] In other embodiments, the first adsorption filter layer 331 can be configured as absorbent sponge or absorbent paper to absorb the electrolyte, while the second adsorption filter layer 332 can be configured as a molecular sieve to absorb harmful gases. When treating thermal runaway flue gas with this method, the thermal runaway flue gas first passes through the absorbent sponge or absorbent paper. Due to the relatively thin thickness of the absorbent sponge or absorbent paper, it may not fully absorb the electrolyte. Therefore, it is relatively preferable to configure the first adsorption filter layer 331 as a molecular sieve and the second adsorption filter layer 332 as absorbent sponge or absorbent paper.

[0058] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of the above structure, this embodiment is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe 35 on the baffle 34 of the exhaust pipe 31. At the same time, a fixed pipe 322 is provided on the end face of the dispersion plate 32 close to the smoke treatment chamber. The end of the fixed pipe 322 close to the dispersion plate 32 is closed by the dispersion plate 32. The fixed pipe 322 and the smoke exhaust pipe 35 are coaxially installed. After the first adsorption filter layer 331, the second adsorption filter layer 332, and the third adsorption filter layer 333 are installed in the smoke treatment chamber in sequence, the smoke exhaust pipe 35 and the fixed pipe 322 are embedded in the smoke exhaust channel 312 of the third adsorption filter layer 333. At this time, the smoke exhaust pipe 35 and the fixed pipe 322 are used to position and fasten N adsorption filter layers, so that the N adsorption filter layers are stably and reliably arranged in the smoke treatment chamber.

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, an annular rib 313 is provided on one end of the exhaust pipe 31 near the dispersion plate 32. This rib 313 is used to secure the dispersion plate 32, integrating the dispersion plate 32 with the exhaust pipe 31. The N adsorption filter layers are stably and reliably positioned within the flue gas treatment chamber. The rib 313 also positions and installs the first adsorption filter layer. Furthermore, a flame-retardant cotton 36 is provided on the side of the dispersion plate 32 near the flue gas duct 2. This flame-retardant cotton 36 can filter larger solid debris in the thermal runaway flue gas, reducing the probability of the thermal runaway flue gas clogging the dispersion plate 32.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figures 7 and 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery pack, which includes a housing 11, a battery module 12, and the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device of Example 1. The battery module 12 is disposed within the housing 11, which is provided with an explosion vent 111, which is provided with an explosion vent portion. The explosion vent 111 of the housing is connected to the smoke conveying pipe 2 of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device.

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, the above-mentioned battery module 12 is the main power supply of the battery pack 1, which mainly includes a battery management module 122 and a plurality of single cells 121. The multiple single cells 121 are arranged in series to meet the different capacity requirements of the battery pack 1. The single cells 121 can be existing single cylindrical batteries, square shell batteries, and soft-pack batteries. The battery management module 122 (BMS) mainly monitors the working status of each single cell 121. The battery module 12 is electrically connected to the external circuit or electrical device through the terminal 123. The terminal 123 can be set on the box body 11 and exposed to the box body 11 to facilitate charging and discharging. During installation, the terminal 123 can be fixedly connected to the box body 11 and cannot be disassembled from the box body 11, or it can be detachably connected to the box body 11.

[0063] like Figure 9As shown, the battery module 12 in this embodiment mainly includes two groups of cylindrical batteries, each group of cylindrical batteries has 24 cylindrical batteries, where every 4 cylindrical batteries are arranged in a row, for a total of 6 rows. A fixing frame 124 is provided on both sides of each group of cylindrical batteries. The two fixing frames 124 fix the 24 cylindrical batteries into groups. After being fixed into groups, the cylindrical batteries in each group of cylindrical batteries are electrically connected through electrical connecting pieces. After each group of cylindrical batteries is grouped and electrically connected, the two groups of cylindrical batteries are arranged side by side and electrically connected through electrical connectors. At the same time, an insulating plate 125 is provided between the two groups of cylindrical batteries to improve the safety between the two groups of cylindrical batteries. Finally, the two groups of cylindrical batteries are assembled by a U-shaped connecting plate 126 and a connecting rod 127. During the specific connection, the two connecting rods 127 pass through the four fixing frames 124 of the two groups of cylindrical batteries respectively, one end of which is fixedly connected to one vertical plate of the U-shaped connecting plate 126, and the other end is fixedly connected to the other vertical plate of the U-shaped connecting plate 126. The two groups of cylindrical batteries are integrated into a whole through the U-shaped connecting plate 126 and the connecting rod 127, which is convenient for overall installation and disassembly.

[0064] The battery module 12 is disposed within a housing 11. This housing 11 is a closed enclosure that primarily houses the battery module 12 and provides safety protection, protecting the battery module 12 from external impact, vibration, and drops. The shape and size of the housing 11 can be designed to facilitate placement, such as a cylinder, prism, or cube, depending on the application scenario of the battery module 12.

[0065] like Figure 8 As shown, in actual use, in order to facilitate installation and placement, the box body 11 is generally a rectangular box structure. At this time, the box body 11 in this embodiment includes a shell and a cover plate. The shell is a rectangular shell structure with one end open and the other end provided with a bottom plate. The cover plate is arranged at the open end of the shell for sealing.

[0066] In other embodiments, the housing may also be open at both ends, with the two open ends sealed by two cover plates. This type of housing structure with both ends open has higher requirements for sealing during installation.

[0067] like Figure 7As shown, the box body 11 of this embodiment is provided with an explosion vent 111, and the explosion vent 111 is provided with an explosion vent part, which is specifically a explosion vent membrane or an explosion vent valve. When the battery pack 1 is in normal use, the explosion vent 111 is sealed. When the battery module 12 in the box body 11 experiences thermal runaway, when the pressure in the box body 11 reaches a certain value, the explosion vent part is opened, and the thermal runaway smoke is discharged through the explosion vent 111, enters the smoke conveying pipe 2 of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device, and then enters the smoke treatment pipe 3, and is discharged after being treated by the smoke treatment pipe 3. The above-mentioned explosion vent 111 can be set at the top of the box body 11, so that the thermal runaway smoke in the box body 11 can be discharged relatively smoothly and quickly.

[0068] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the housing 11 is further provided with a partition 112, which divides the housing 11 into a first cavity and a second cavity 113. The single cells 121 of the battery module 12 are disposed in the first cavity, and the battery management module of the battery module 12 is disposed in the second cavity 113. In a specific configuration, the first cavity and the second cavity 113 can be arranged side by side or vertically, depending on the usage scenario and size of the battery pack 1.

[0069] In this embodiment, the battery pack 1 separates the battery module 12 from the battery management module (BMS), connects them using high-temperature waterproof wires, and seals the interfaces with high-pressure glands to prevent the battery management module (BMS) from being damaged when the battery module 12 experiences thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack during use.

[0070] In addition, a positioning structure may be provided in the first cavity to position and install the battery module 12, while also preventing the battery module 12 from shaking significantly in the housing 11. Furthermore, the first cavity may be filled with a flame-retardant material, with the battery module 12 encased in the flame-retardant fuel. The flame-retardant material not only prevents the spread of thermal runaway in the first cavity, but also further prevents combustion in the first cavity.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric vehicle 100, including the battery pack 1 of Example 2. During use, the battery pack 1 is mounted on the body of the electric vehicle 100 to power the electrical devices of the electric vehicle 100. The battery pack 1 can be mounted below the seat of the electric vehicle 100. After installation, the outlet of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device is located at the rear wheel position of the electric vehicle 100, at a safe distance from the driver.

[0073] When charging, the battery pack 1 can be removed from the electric vehicle 100 and placed in a charging cabinet for charging, or it can be placed directly on the electric vehicle 100 and charged at a charging station. During the charging process, if any single battery 121 in the battery pack 1 experiences thermal runaway, the battery management module 122 detects the abnormal state of the battery pack 1 and issues a warning message (a flashing warning light or a buzzer alarm). At the same time, the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device treats the thermal runaway flue gas.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device, characterized in that: Including smoke delivery pipe and smoke treatment pipe; One end of the flue gas delivery pipe is used to connect to the battery pack, and the other end is used to connect to the flue gas treatment pipe; The flue gas treatment pipe includes an exhaust pipe, a dispersion plate and an adsorption filter unit; one end of the exhaust pipe is open, and the other end is provided with a baffle, which is provided with a flue gas outlet; the dispersion plate is arranged at the open end of the exhaust pipe, and forms a flue gas treatment chamber with the exhaust pipe; The adsorption filter unit is arranged in the flue gas treatment chamber and includes N adsorption filter layers nested in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the exhaust pipe, wherein the Nth adsorption filter layer is arranged on the innermost side, and the axial channel in the Nth adsorption filter layer is a flue gas discharge channel, which is connected to the flue gas discharge port on the baffle; The dispersion plate is provided with a plurality of smoke holes connected to one adsorption filter layer. The thermal runaway smoke enters the smoke treatment chamber through the smoke holes, and is processed layer by layer from the first adsorption filter layer to the Nth adsorption filter layer, and is then discharged through the smoke exhaust channel and the smoke exhaust port.

2. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke outlet of the baffle is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe, the end face of the dispersion plate close to the smoke treatment chamber is provided with a fixed pipe, and both ends of the axial channel of the Nth adsorption filter layer are sleeved on the smoke exhaust pipe and the fixed pipe.

3. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The open end of the exhaust pipe is provided with an annular rib, and the dispersion plate is fixed on the annular rib. At the same time, the annular rib is used to position the first adsorption filter layer.

4. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fire-retardant cotton is provided on the side of the dispersion plate away from the smoke treatment chamber.

5. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The smoke conveying pipe is a metal hose, and the length of the smoke conveying pipe is greater than 0.2m.

6. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption filter unit comprises three adsorption filter layers, the first adsorption filter layer is a molecular sieve layer, the second adsorption filter layer is absorbent paper, and the third adsorption filter layer is a filter element.

7. The thermal runaway flue gas exhaust device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ends of the flue gas treatment pipe and the flue gas delivery pipe are respectively provided with an internal thread and an external thread, and the flue gas treatment pipe and the flue gas delivery pipe are connected by threads.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a box body, a battery module and the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the battery module is arranged in the box body, the box body is provided with an explosion vent, the explosion vent is provided with an explosion vent part, and the explosion vent of the box body is connected to the smoke conveying pipe of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust device.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: A partition is provided in the box body, which divides the inner cavity of the box body into a first cavity and a second cavity. The single cells of the battery module are arranged in the first cavity, and the battery management module of the battery module is arranged in the second cavity.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: Including the battery pack according to claim 8 or 9.

Images