Benthic organism inhabiting bed for urban river channel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of biological habitat construction, and provides a benthic organism inhabiting bed for urban watercourses, which comprises an ecological material bed and a substrate fixing cage, a plurality of planting grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the ecological material bed, and a plurality of multi-layer inhabiting boxes are arranged on the outer surface of the top of the ecological material bed; firstly, basic hydrological data investigation is conducted on a target river channel, it is guaranteed that water supply of the river channel is stable, and no intermittent cutoff condition exists, then a substrate fixing cage sinks into a preset area of the river channel, the substrate fixing cage is filled with honeycomb bricks and gravel cobbles according to the proportion of 1: 3, the placement mode of the substrate fixing cage can be changed according to the water flow speed, and the substrate fixing cage is obliquely placed when the water flow is torrential; and after the substrate fixing cage is stabilized, an ecological material bed is arranged behind the substrate fixing cage, the ecological material bed adopts an interlayer design, the upper surface and the lower surface of the ecological material bed are made of macromolecular polyester fibers, and the middle interlayer is made of plant fibers, so that the growth of submerged plants is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biological habitat construction, in particular to a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers. Background Art

[0002] Benthic animals refer to aquatic animals that spend all or most of their life cycle on the bottom of a body of water. Among benthic animals, invertebrates that cannot pass through a 500 μm sieve are generally referred to as macrobenthos. These primarily consist of large invertebrates such as annelids, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, and their larvae. Common examples include snails, shellfish, shrimp, and dragonfly larvae. These animals have relatively poor mobility within the water and possess strong resistance to stress. Furthermore, these shellfish and snails can remove suspended particles, phytoplankton, and organic debris from the water through filter feeding. This process helps improve water clarity and reduce the concentration of nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus), thereby reducing the risk of eutrophication. Therefore, macrobenthic invertebrates are a vital component of aquatic ecosystems.

[0003] Due to the hardening of riverbeds and thin or no bottom sediment in urban rivers, aquatic vegetation is difficult to grow and large benthic animals are scarce, making it difficult to meet the ecological development of cities and the growing ecological environment needs of residents. In addition, the restoration of large benthic invertebrate communities requires a complete and good ecological environment. There are fewer submerged and emergent plants in the river channels, which will affect the feeding, hiding and habitats of benthic animals. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem in the prior art that urban rivers have hardened riverbeds, thin or no bottom sediments, aquatic vegetation is difficult to grow, large benthic animals are scarce, and it is difficult to meet the ecological development of cities and the growing ecological environment needs of residents. Moreover, the restoration of large benthic invertebrate communities requires a complete and good ecological environment, and there are few submerged plants and emergent plants in the river channel, which will affect the feeding, hiding and habitat of benthic animals.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers, comprising: an ecological material bed and a bottom fixing cage, wherein the outer surface of the ecological material bed is provided with a plurality of planting troughs, and the top outer surface of the ecological material bed is provided with a plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes, wherein the plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes are provided with a plurality of water holes around the upper end, and further comprising:

[0006] A plurality of wire grids are arranged on the top of the plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes.

[0007] Preferably, multifunctional nesting chambers are fixedly installed at the gaps between the plurality of multi-layered habitat boxes, and the material of the plurality of multifunctional nesting chambers is wood.

[0008] The technical effect of adopting the above further solution is that the wooden material facilitates the reproduction and production of mollusks.

[0009] Preferably, the substrate fixing cage is arranged on one side of the ecological material bed.

[0010] The technical effect of adopting the above further solution is that the ecological material bed is arranged behind the substrate fixing cage, and the substrate fixing cage can play a blocking and buffering role to prevent the water flow from washing away the ecological material bed.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom ends of the multiple multi-layer habitat boxes are filled with a silt layer.

[0012] The technical effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the silt is convenient for planting emergent plants, and improves their nutrition so that they can grow better.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the silt layer is filled with a fine sand layer.

[0014] The technical effect of adopting the above further solution is that the fine sand can protect the roots and stems of the emergent plants from being washed up by the water flow.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the fine sand layer is filled with a pebble gravel layer.

[0016] The technical effect of adopting the above further solution is that the pebbles and gravels play a role in positioning the emergent plants and prevent the emergent plants from drifting with the water.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, a basic hydrological data survey is first conducted on the target river channel to ensure that the water supply of the river channel is stable and there is no intermittent interruption of flow. Then the bottom sediment fixing cage is sunk into the preset area of ​​the river channel. The interior of the bottom sediment fixing cage is filled with honeycomb bricks and gravel in a ratio of 1:3. The placement of the bottom sediment fixing cage can be changed according to the water flow rate. If the water flow is relatively turbulent, it is placed obliquely, with an acute angle to the direction of the water flow. If the water flow rate is moderate, it is placed vertically to create more slow-flow areas. After the bottom sediment fixing cage is stable, an ecological material bed is laid behind it. The ecological material bed adopts a sandwich design, with high-molecular polyester fiber made of the upper and lower surfaces, and the middle layer is plant fiber, which is conducive to the growth of submerged plants. A plurality of planting troughs are provided on the outer surface of the ecological material bed to facilitate the planting of submerged vegetation.

[0019] 2. In the utility model, the multi-layer habitat box is arranged on the top outer surface of the ecological material bed. The multi-layer habitat box is cast with cement. A plurality of water holes are opened around the upper end to facilitate the flow of river water. The interior of the multi-layer habitat box is filled with silt layer, fine sand layer and pebble gravel layer from bottom to top. The proportions of silt layer, fine sand layer and pebble gravel layer are 60%, 20% and 15% respectively. Emergent plants or floating leaf plants are planted inside the multi-layer habitat box. The internal filler is conducive to the growth of plants. A wire grid is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer habitat box, which can be used to fix the plants planted inside. The mesh of the wire grid is relatively large, which can provide growth space for plant growth. A plurality of multifunctional nest chambers are fixedly installed in the gaps between the multiple multi-layer habitat boxes. The material of the multifunctional nest chambers is wood, which is convenient for mollusks to reproduce and produce. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The utility model proposes a structural schematic diagram of a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers;

[0021] Figure 2 The utility model provides a side view of the structure of a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers;

[0022] Figure 3 The utility model proposes a cross-sectional structural diagram of a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers;

[0023] Figure 4 This utility model proposes a method for the benthic habitat of urban rivers. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point A in the middle.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Ecological material bed; 101. Bottom fixing cage; 102. Multi-layer habitat box; 103. Water hole; 104. Multifunctional nest chamber; 105. Planting trough; 106. Wire grid; 107. Pebble and gravel layer; 108. Fine sand layer; 109. Silt layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0028] Example 1, as Figure 1-4 As shown, the utility model provides a benthic habitat bed for urban rivers, including: an ecological material bed 1 and a bottom fixing cage 101, the outer surface of the ecological material bed 1 is provided with a plurality of planting troughs 105, the top outer surface of the ecological material bed 1 is provided with a plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes 102, the plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes 102 are provided with a plurality of water holes 103 around the upper end, and also include: a plurality of wire grids 106, all of which are arranged on the top of the plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes 102.

[0029] In this embodiment, a basic hydrological data survey is first conducted on the target river channel to ensure that the water supply of the river channel is stable and there is no intermittent interruption of flow. Then, the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 is sunk into a preset area of ​​the river channel. The interior of the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 is filled with honeycomb bricks and pebbles in a ratio of 1:3. The placement of the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 can be changed according to the water flow rate. If the water flow is relatively turbulent, it is placed obliquely, with an acute angle to the direction of the water flow. If the water flow rate is moderate, it is placed vertically to create more slow-flow areas. After the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 is stable, an ecological material bed 1 is arranged behind it. The ecological material bed 1 adopts a sandwich design, with high-molecular polyester fiber as the upper and lower surfaces, and the middle layer is plant fiber, which is conducive to the growth of submerged plants. A plurality of planting troughs 105 are provided on the outer surface of the ecological material bed 1 to facilitate the planting of submerged vegetation.

[0030] Example 2, as Figure 1-4 As shown, multifunctional nesting chambers 104 are fixedly installed in the gaps of multiple multi-layered habitat boxes 102, and the material of multiple multi-functional nesting chambers 104 is wood; the substrate fixing cage 101 is set on one side of the ecological material bed 1; the bottom ends of the multiple multi-layered habitat boxes 102 are filled with a silt layer 109; the top of the silt layer 109 is filled with a fine sand layer 108; the top of the fine sand layer 108 is filled with a pebble gravel layer 107.

[0031] In this embodiment, a multi-layer habitat box 102 is arranged on the top outer surface of the ecological material bed 1. The multi-layer habitat box 102 is cast with cement. A plurality of water holes 103 are opened on all sides near the upper end to facilitate the flow of river water. The interior of the multi-layer habitat box 102 is filled with a silt layer 109, a fine sand layer 108 and a pebble gravel layer 107 from bottom to top. The silt layer 109, the fine sand layer 108 and the pebble gravel layer 107 have a ratio of 60%, 20% and 15% respectively. Emergent plants or floating leaf plants are planted inside the multi-layer habitat box 102. The internal filler helps the growth of plants. A wire grid 106 is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer habitat box 102, which can be used to fix the plants planted inside. The mesh of the wire grid 106 is relatively large, which can provide growth space for plant growth. A plurality of multifunctional nest chambers 104 are fixedly installed in the gaps between the multiple multi-layer habitat boxes 102. The material of the multifunctional nest chamber 104 is wood, which is convenient for mollusks to reproduce and produce.

[0032] Working principle: When in use, first conduct a basic hydrological data survey of the target river to ensure that the water supply of the river is stable and there is no intermittent interruption of flow, and then sink the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 into the preset area of ​​the river. The interior of the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 is filled with honeycomb bricks and gravel, which are filled in a ratio of 1:3. The bottom sediment fixing cage 101 can be changed in placement according to the water flow rate. If the water flow is relatively turbulent, it is placed obliquely, with an acute angle to the direction of the water flow. If the water flow rate is moderate, it is placed vertically to create more slow-flow areas. After the bottom sediment fixing cage 101 is stable, an ecological material bed 1 is laid behind it. The ecological material bed 1 adopts a sandwich design, with high-molecular polyester fiber as the upper and lower surfaces, and the middle layer is plant fiber, which is conducive to the growth of submerged plants. A plurality of planting troughs 105 are provided on the outer surface of the ecological material bed 1 to facilitate the planting of submerged vegetation. The multi-layer habitat box 102 is arranged on the top outer surface of the ecological material bed 1. The box 102 is cast with cement, and a plurality of water holes 103 are opened around the upper end to facilitate the flow of river water. The interior of the multi-layer habitat box 102 is filled with a silt layer 109, a fine sand layer 108 and a pebble gravel layer 107 from bottom to top. The proportions of the silt layer 109, the fine sand layer 108 and the pebble gravel layer 107 are 60%, 20% and 15% respectively. Emergent plants or floating leaf plants are planted inside the multi-layer habitat box 102, and the internal fillings help the growth of plants. A wire grid 106 is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer habitat box 102, which can be used to fix the plants planted inside. The mesh of the wire grid 106 is relatively large, which can provide growth space for plant growth. A plurality of multifunctional nest chambers 104 are fixedly installed in the gaps between the multiple multi-layer habitat boxes 102. The material of the multifunctional nest chamber 104 is wood, which is convenient for the reproduction and production of mollusks.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any other form. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes for application in other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A benthic habitat for urban rivers, comprising: An ecological material bed (1) and a substrate fixing cage (101), wherein the outer surface of the ecological material bed (1) is provided with a plurality of planting grooves (105), the top outer surface of the ecological material bed (1) is provided with a plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes (102), and the plurality of multi-layer habitat boxes (102) are provided with a plurality of water holes (103) around the upper end thereof, characterized in that the method further comprises: A plurality of wire grids (106) are arranged on the tops of the plurality of multi-layered habitat boxes (102); multifunctional nesting chambers (104) are fixedly installed at the gaps between the plurality of multi-layered habitat boxes (102), and the material of the plurality of multifunctional nesting chambers (104) is wood; the substrate fixing cage (101) is arranged on one side of the ecological material bed (1).

2. The benthic habitat for urban rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the multiple multi-layered habitat boxes (102) are all filled with a silt layer (109); and the tops of the silt layers (109) are filled with a fine sand layer (108).

3. The benthic habitat for urban rivers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the fine sand layer (108) is filled with a pebble gravel layer (107).

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