Mine fault supporting anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mine fault supporting anchor rod which comprises an anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is of a hollow structure, spiral rough textures are arranged on the outer surface of the anchor rod body, one end of the anchor rod body is an anchoring end, a plurality of inclined claw pieces distributed along the circumference are arranged at the anchoring end, and barbs are fixedly arranged on the surfaces of the claw pieces. The supporting anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, one end of the anchor rod body is provided with an anchoring end, the other end of the anchor rod body is sleeved with a tray, the other end of the anchor rod body is provided with an external thread, the external thread is in threaded connection with a nut, the anchor rod body is further provided with a yielding device, and the yielding device is located between the anchoring end and the tray and is close to one end of the tray. The stress change caused by rock mass displacement is effectively buffered, the anchor rod is prevented from being damaged due to stress concentration, the multiple inclined claw pieces distributed along the circumference are arranged at the anchoring end of one end of the anchor rod body, the barbs are further fixedly arranged on the surfaces of the claw pieces, and the friction force and the anchoring force between the anchoring end and the rock mass are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of anchor rod devices, in particular to a mine fault support anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] In mining operations, support bolts are key components for ensuring the stability of mine tunnels. Typically anchored into the rock mass surrounding the tunnel, these bolts interact with the rock mass through structures like trays and nuts, providing support and preventing deformation and collapse in the tunnel.

[0003] Traditional mine support anchors have several drawbacks in practical application. Regarding yielding, traditional anchors are unable to effectively adapt to rock mass displacement due to their rigid structure, preventing them from adjusting accordingly. This rigid structure leads to concentrated stress on the anchor, which can easily damage the anchor under high stress, compromising support effectiveness and potentially causing safety issues such as tunnel instability.

[0004] When it comes to preventing pullout, the anchoring force between traditional anchor bolts and the rock mass is limited. When the rock mass surrounding the tunnel is subjected to complex external forces, such as earthquakes and blasting vibrations, the anchor bolts can easily be pulled out of the rock. This is because the anchoring end structure of traditional anchor bolts is simple and lacks effective pullout prevention. This makes it impossible to maintain a reliable connection with the rock mass under complex external forces, posing a safety hazard to mine tunnel support. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new mine fault support anchor bolt to overcome these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] (1) Technical issues

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a mine fault support anchor rod to solve the shortcomings of traditional support anchor rods in terms of pressure-yielding and anti-pullout performance, and to improve the support effect and stability of the anchor rod under complex mine geological conditions.

[0007] (2) Technical content

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a mine fault support anchor rod, including an anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is a hollow structure, the outer surface of the anchor rod body is provided with a spiral rough texture, one end of the anchor rod body is an anchoring end, the anchoring end is provided with a plurality of inclined claws distributed along the circumference, and the surface of the claws is fixed with barbs, the other end of the anchor rod body is sleeved with a tray, and the other end of the anchor rod body is provided with an external thread, a nut is threadedly connected to the external thread, and the anchor rod body is also provided with a pressure-releasing device, the pressure-releasing device is located between the anchoring end and the tray and close to one end of the tray.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure-releasing device includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the anchor rod body, the outer sleeve is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, and a spring is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the spring makes the outer sleeve contact with the tray under normal conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the nut is a hexagonal nut and the inner wall is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread.

[0011] Furthermore, a fiber grating sensor is provided inside the anchor rod body near the anchoring end, and the fiber grating sensor is used to monitor the stress condition of the anchor rod. The fiber grating sensor is connected to an external controller via a signal line to display and monitor stress changes.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle between the claw piece and the anchor rod body is 30-60°.

[0013] (3) Technical effects

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. Excellent pressure-yielding performance: This new support anchor features a pressure-yielding device, including an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, and a spring. When the rock mass shifts, the outer sleeve, acting on the spring, moves relative to the inner sleeve, effectively buffering the stress changes caused by rock mass displacement. This prevents damage to the anchor due to stress concentration, allowing the anchor to better adapt to rock mass deformation and maintain effective support for the roadway.

[0016] 2. Excellent pull-out resistance: The anchoring end of one end of the anchor rod is equipped with multiple circumferentially distributed inclined claws, with the claws forming an angle of 30-60° with the rod body. The claws are also fixed with barbs on their surfaces. This special design increases friction and anchoring force between the anchoring end and the rock mass, effectively preventing the anchor rod from being pulled out of the rock mass when subjected to external forces (such as earthquakes and blasting vibrations), greatly improving the anchor rod's reliability in complex external force environments.

[0017] 3. Easy Monitoring: A fiber grating sensor is installed inside the bolt body near the anchor end to monitor the bolt's stress in real time. Connected to an external controller via a signal line, it can display and monitor stress changes in real time. This helps staff understand the bolt's status, identify potential problems in advance, and further ensure the safety and stability of mine roadway support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a mine fault support anchor rod.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a right-side structural schematic diagram of a mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the A area of ​​a mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model.

[0024] As shown in the figure: 1. Anchor rod body; 2. Rough texture; 3. Anchoring end; 4. Claw; 5. Barb; 6. External thread; 7. Tray; 8. Nut; 10. Fiber Bragg Grating sensor; 13. Pressure-releasing device; 14. Inner sleeve; 15. Outer sleeve; 16. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "center", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction structure and operation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "provided with," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Combined with attachment Figure 1 To the attached Figure 6A mine fault support anchor, comprising an anchor rod body 1, the anchor rod body 1 being a hollow structure, the outer surface of the anchor rod body 1 being provided with a spiral rough texture 2, one end of the anchor rod body 1 being an anchoring end 3, the anchoring end 3 being provided with a plurality of inclined claws 4 distributed along the circumference, the claws 4 being at an angle of 30-60° to the anchor rod body 1 and the surface of the claws 4 being fixed with barbs 5, the other end of the anchor rod body 1 being sleeved with a tray 7, and the other end of the anchor rod body 1 being provided with an external thread 6, a nut 8 being threadedly connected to the external thread 6, the nut 8 being a hexagonal nut and the inner wall being provided with an internal thread matching the external thread 6, the anchor rod body 1 being further provided with a pressure-releasing device 13, the pressure-releasing device 13 being located between the anchoring end 3 and the tray 7 and close to one end of the tray 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, as a preferred technical solution, the pressure-releasing device 13 includes an inner sleeve 14 and an outer sleeve 15. The inner sleeve 14 is fixedly connected to the anchor rod body 1, and the outer sleeve 15 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 14. A spring 16 is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve 15 and the inner sleeve 14. Under normal conditions, the spring 16 makes the outer sleeve 15 contact with the tray 7.

[0030] In this embodiment, as a preferred technical solution, a fiber grating sensor 10 is provided inside the anchor rod body 1 near the anchoring end 3. The fiber grating sensor 10 is used to monitor the stress condition of the anchor rod. The fiber grating sensor 10 is connected to an external controller via a signal line to display and monitor stress changes.

[0031] The working principle of this mine fault support anchor is as follows: During operation, the anchor end 3 of the mine fault support anchor is inserted into the rock mass for anchoring. The multiple inclined claws 4 and the barbs 5 on the anchor end 3 can firmly grasp the rock mass. The claws 4 are designed with an inclination angle of 30-60 degrees to facilitate insertion into the rock mass, and the barbs 5 increase the resistance to reverse extraction, thereby effectively preventing the anchor from being pulled out of the rock mass.

[0032] The spiral rough texture 2 on the outer surface of the anchor rod body 1 increases the friction with the rock mass, further enhancing the anchoring effect. When the rock mass around the roadway is displaced, the pressure device 13 begins to function. The inner sleeve 14 in the pressure device 13 is fixed to the anchor rod body 1, and the outer sleeve 15 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 14. The spring 16 between the two makes the outer sleeve 15 contact the tray 7 under normal conditions. When the force generated by the displacement of the rock mass is transmitted to the anchor rod, the force acts on the outer sleeve 15, causing it to compress the spring 16 and move relative to the inner sleeve 14, realizing the pressure-releasing function and preventing the anchor rod from being damaged by the stress concentration caused by the displacement of the rock mass.

[0033] At the same time, the fiber grating sensor 10 monitors the stress of the anchor rod in real time. When the stress on the anchor rod changes, the fiber grating sensor 10 transmits data to the external controller via a signal line, realizing the display and monitoring of the stress change of the anchor rod, so that the staff can understand the working status of the anchor rod in a timely manner.

[0034] The working process of the mine fault support anchor rod of the utility model is as follows:

[0035] 1. First, align the end of the anchor rod 1 with the anchoring end 3 with the drilled hole in the mine tunnel rock mass that needs to be supported. The outer end of the drilled hole is provided with a slot hole for accommodating a pressure-releasing device.

[0036] 2. Use appropriate equipment to gradually drive the anchor rod body 1 into the borehole. During this process, the inclined claw piece 4 of the anchor end 3 is embedded in the rock mass under the action of the insertion force. The barbs 5 on the claw piece 4 further enhance the bite with the rock mass. At the same time, the spiral rough texture 2 on the outer surface of the anchor rod body 1 also increases the friction with the borehole wall.

[0037] 3. After the anchor rod body 1 is inserted to the appropriate depth, the tray 7 is put on the other end of the anchor rod body 1, and then the nut 8 is threadedly connected with the external thread 6 at the other end of the anchor rod body 1 through the internal thread of its inner wall, and the nut 8 is gradually tightened to make the tray 7 fit tightly against the tunnel wall. At this time, the spring 16 is in a normal state and the outer sleeve 15 is in contact with the tray 7.

[0038] 4. Turn on the external controller connected to the fiber grating sensor 10 to monitor the anchor bolt's stress in real time. During subsequent use in the mine tunnel, the stress change data displayed by the controller can be used to determine the anchor bolt's operating status and tunnel stability. If the rock mass shifts, the outer sleeve 15 of the pressure relief device 13, activated by the spring 16, will release pressure, ensuring the anchor bolt's proper operation.

[0039] The above description of the present invention and its embodiments is non-limiting. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by the above, and does not deviate from the purpose of the present invention, without inventive design, a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine fault support anchor, comprising an anchor rod body (1), wherein the anchor rod body (1) is a hollow structure, and the outer surface of the anchor rod body (1) is provided with a spiral rough texture (2), characterized in that: One end of the anchor rod body (1) is an anchoring end (3), and the anchoring end (3) is provided with a plurality of inclined claws (4) distributed along the circumference, and the surface of the claws (4) is fixedly provided with barbs (5), and the other end of the anchor rod body (1) is sleeved with a tray (7), and the other end of the anchor rod body (1) is provided with an external thread (6), and a nut (8) is threadedly connected to the external thread (6). The anchor rod body (1) is also provided with a pressure-releasing device (13), and the pressure-releasing device (13) is located between the anchoring end (3) and the tray (7) and close to one end of the tray (7).

2. The mine fault support anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-releasing device (13) comprises an inner sleeve (14) and an outer sleeve (15), wherein the inner sleeve (14) is fixedly connected to the anchor rod body (1), and the outer sleeve (15) is movably sleeved outside the inner sleeve (14), and a spring (16) is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve (15) and the inner sleeve (14), and the spring (16) makes the outer sleeve (15) contact the tray (7) in a normal state.

3. The mine fault support anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut (8) is a hexagonal nut and has an inner wall provided with an inner thread matching the outer thread (6).

4. The mine fault support anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fiber grating sensor (10) is provided inside the anchor rod body (1) near the anchoring end (3), and the fiber grating sensor (10) is used to monitor the stress condition of the anchor rod. The fiber grating sensor (10) is connected to an external controller via a signal line for displaying and monitoring stress changes.

5. The mine fault support anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the claw piece (4) and the anchor rod body (1) is 30-60°.

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