Multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber grating technology

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on a fiber grating technology, and belongs to the technical field of roof separation instruments. The mechanical transmission device receives roof separation information through a steel wire rope and converts the roof separation information into spring pressure, the displacement optical signal conversion device converts the spring pressure into grating center wavelength offset of the fiber grating sensor, and the photoelectric conversion device converts optical signals in the fiber grating sensor into electric signals and outputs grating center wavelength values. The data processing and control device analyzes and calculates the central wavelength of the grating and controls the display and alarm device to respond through judgment, the display and alarm device shows roof separation information in an acousto-optic mode, and the power supply device supplies power to the whole system. According to the utility model, the fiber bragg grating technology is adopted and multi-threshold timely alarm is set, so that the roof separation layer is displayed more visually, and a more convenient way is provided for mastering the roof separation layer state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on optical fiber grating technology, belonging to the technical field of roof separation instruments. Background Art

[0002] A roof separation meter is a commonly used instrument in coal mines to monitor the movement of the roadway roof. Data from the meter can be used to infer changes in the roof strata during different periods of roadway excavation and under different geological conditions. This instrument plays a vital role in monitoring the amount of roof separation in underground roadways and ensuring safe production in mines. Existing roof separation meters primarily read the readings using a scale engraved on the meter. This method is inefficient and difficult for workers to operate, and is severely affected by light and coal dust in the roadway. In low-light and dusty environments, workers must carry lighting equipment and work at height to clearly observe the roof separation value, which is inconvenient and prone to safety accidents. Furthermore, traditional roof separation meters have the disadvantage of preventing non-monitoring personnel from quickly understanding the roof separation data. Furthermore, there is a risk of serious roof failures if workers fail to promptly observe the roof separation value and issue manual alarms. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument device based on fiber grating technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology, comprising a rectangular box, a display and alarm device arranged on the rectangular box, two horizontal cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular box, a vertical cylinder arranged in the middle of the upper end of the rectangular box, and a mechanical transmission device, a displacement light signal conversion device, a photoelectric conversion device, a data processing and control device, and a power supply device arranged inside the rectangular box;

[0005] The mechanical transmission device includes springs respectively arranged in the left and right horizontal cylinders and traction balls at the ports of the two horizontal cylinders, as well as two fixed pulley brackets symmetrically arranged below the entrance of the vertical cylinder and a fixed pulley fixed on the fixed pulley bracket. The traction ball is provided with a circular hole that passes through the diameter of the ball. A steel wire rope is wound around each of the fixed pulleys. One end of the two steel wire ropes wound around the fixed pulleys passes through the springs in the left and right horizontal cylinders respectively, and then passes through the traction balls and is fixed by tightening screws. The other ends of the two steel wire ropes pass around the fixed pulleys and pass through the vertical cylinders respectively. Anchor claws are respectively fixed to the heads of the two steel wire ropes that pass through the vertical cylinders; the steel wire ropes pass through the openings of the traction balls; and tightening screws are installed on the traction balls.

[0006] The displacement optical signal conversion device includes a cantilever beam, a cantilever beam mounting block, and a fiber Bragg grating sensor. The cantilever beam and the cantilever beam mounting block are fixedly connected. The cantilever beam mounting block is fixed inside one side of the rectangular box. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is attached to the cantilever beam. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is connected to the grating demodulator via a transmission optical fiber.

[0007] The photoelectric conversion device includes a grating demodulator, which is fixed to the back plate inside the rectangular box and connected to the circuit board through a built-in interface and wires;

[0008] The data processing and control device includes a circuit board, a single chip microcomputer connected to the circuit board, and wires connected to the circuit board, and the circuit board is fixed to the bottom plate inside the rectangular box;

[0009] The display and alarm device includes a display screen, multiple LED bulbs located on both sides and the top of the display screen, and a speaker located below the display screen; the display screen, LED bulbs, and speaker are respectively connected to a circuit board; the switch is installed at the bottom of the rectangular box and is connected to the circuit board via wires;

[0010] The power supply device is composed of a coal mine explosion-proof battery and wires, and is connected to the circuit board in the data processing and control device through the wires;

[0011] The coal mine explosion-proof battery is fixed on the bottom plate inside the rectangular box. The coal mine explosion-proof battery is connected to the circuit board through wires, and the circuit board is connected to the grating demodulator, LED bulb, display screen, and speaker through wires.

[0012] One end of the spring close to the rectangular box is fixed on the cantilever beam, and the other end is free.

[0013] The length of the spring is 10 to 50 mm shorter than that of the horizontal cylinder, the outer diameter of the spring is 5 to 15 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder, and the compression amount of the spring within the elastic range is 130 mm to 300 mm.

[0014] The diameter of the traction ball is 1-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the spring and 1-5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder; the diameter of the opening of the traction ball is 1-3 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope.

[0015] The model of the grating demodulator is micro fiber grating demodulator X100.

[0016] The model of the single-chip microcomputer is STM32 single-chip microcomputer.

[0017] The LED bulbs on the left and right sides of the display screen are 5 LED bulbs of different colors, and the 5 LED bulbs of different colors are white, blue, green, yellow and red from top to bottom; there are 3 LED bulbs on the upper part of the display screen, and the colors are different, and the colors from left to right are green, yellow and red.

[0018] The vertical cylinder and the two horizontal cylinders are all made of PVC, and the rectangular box is made of metal; the two horizontal cylinders are the same size and have a length of 130mm to 350mm.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The utility model mainly improves the reading device of the previous roof separation meter, and sets a fluorescent material on the horizontal cylinder of the separation meter, so that observers can more easily observe the measured values ​​and issue alarms in dark and dusty mines, and can also avoid the need for observers to climb up. At the same time, it allows ordinary employees to more conveniently understand the roof separation situation of the mine at any time. The switch is installed at the bottom of the box and is connected to the circuit board to control the connection and disconnection of the circuit board and the coal mine explosion-proof battery, solving the problem that workers who monitor the roof separation must climb up to work. It can more quickly and conveniently understand the roof separation situation and issue an alarm in time. The intuitive and easy-to-understand observation method also solves the shortcoming that ordinary workers cannot understand the roadway roof separation situation in time. It has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has wide practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1-anchor claw, 2-wire rope, 3-vertical cylinder, 4-rectangular box, 5-horizontal cylinder, 6-traction ball, 7-tightening screw, 8-spring, 9-fixed pulley, 10-cantilever beam mounting block, 11-cantilever beam, 12-fiber grating sensor, 13-grating demodulator, 14-circuit board, 15-coal mine explosion-proof battery, 16-transmission optical fiber, 17-electrical wire, 18-LED bulb, 19-display screen, 20-speaker, 21-fixed pulley bracket, 22-switch, 23-single-chip microcomputer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings:

[0024] The utility model discloses a multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber grating technology, comprising a mechanical transmission device, a displacement optical signal conversion device, a photoelectric conversion device, a data processing and control device, a display and alarm device, a power supply device and a housing. After the anchor claw 1 in the mechanical transmission device is installed in the rock formation, it receives and transmits roof separation information through the steel wire rope 2, and converts the vertical displacement information of the roof separation into horizontal displacement information through the fixed pulley 9. The steel wire rope 2 then pulls the traction ball 6 to compress the spring 8, and converts the displacement of the steel wire rope 2 into the compression displacement of the spring 8 and the pressure of the spring 8; the displacement optical signal conversion device converts the pressure of the spring 8 of the mechanical transmission device into the displacement of the free end of the cantilever beam 11, so that the grating center wavelength of the fiber grating sensor 12 attached to the cantilever beam 11 changes, thereby converting the displacement of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 into the drift of the grating center wavelength; the photoelectric conversion device transmits the optical signal in the fiber grating sensor 12 to the optical fiber 16 through the transmission optical fiber The grating demodulator 13 processes and directly outputs the grating center wavelength value, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal; the data processing and control device transmits the grating center wavelength value output by the photoelectric conversion device to the single-chip microcomputer 23 on the circuit board 14 through the wire 17 for calculation and analysis, converts the grating center wavelength value into the roof separation value, and controls the display and alarm device to respond through calculation and judgment; the display and alarm device is connected to the data processing and control device through wires, and the data processing and control device controls the display of the display screen 19, the brightness of the LED bulb 18, and the response of the speaker 20 in the display and alarm device; the power supply device is composed of a coal mine explosion-proof battery 15 and wires, which is connected to the circuit board in the data processing and control device through the wire 17, and supplies power to the entire system through the data processing and control device; the shell is composed of a vertical cylinder 3, a rectangular box 4, and a horizontal cylinder 5, the vertical cylinder 3 is fixed on the top of the rectangular box 4, and the horizontal cylinder 5 is fixed on both sides of the rectangular box 4.

[0025] In the mechanical transmission device, the anchor claw 1 is connected to the wire rope 2; the fixed pulley 9 is fixed to the inner top plate of the rectangular shell 4 through the fixed pulley bracket 21; the wire rope 2 passes through the vertical cylinder 3 and passes around the fixed pulley 9 so that the pulling direction of the wire rope 2 changes from vertical to horizontal; the spring 8 is placed horizontally in the horizontal cylinder 5, and one end of the spring 8 close to the rectangular box 4 is fixed on the cantilever beam 11, and the other end is free; after passing around the fixed pulley 9, the wire rope 2 passes through the axis of the spring 8 and passes through the horizontal cylinder 5; the section of the wire rope 2 passing through the horizontal cylinder 5 is installed with a traction ball 6.

[0026] The length of the spring 2 is 10 to 50 mm shorter than the length of the horizontal cylinder 5, and the outer diameter of the spring 8 is 5 to 15 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder 5. The compressible amount of the spring within the elastic range is 130 mm to 300 mm; the diameter of the traction ball 6 is 1 to 5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the spring 8 and 1 to 5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder; the traction ball 6 has a circular opening that passes through the diameter of the ball, and the diameter of the opening is 1 to 3 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope 2, and the wire rope 2 passes through the traction ball opening; a tightening screw 7 is installed on the traction ball 6, and the traction ball 6 can be moved and fixed on the wire rope 2 by tightening the screw 7.

[0027] The displacement optical signal conversion device includes a cantilever beam 11, a cantilever beam mounting block 10, and a fiber Bragg grating sensor 12. The cantilever beam 11 and cantilever beam mounting block 10 are fixedly connected. The cantilever beam mounting block 10 is fixed inside one side of the rectangular box 4. The fiber Bragg grating sensor 12 is affixed to the cantilever beam 11. The fiber Bragg grating sensor 12 is connected to a grating demodulator 13 via a transmission optical fiber 16. The grating demodulator 13 is specifically a miniature fiber Bragg grating demodulator X100. It is fixed to the back panel inside the rectangular box 4 and connected to the circuit board 14 via a built-in interface and wires 17.

[0028] The data processing and control device is composed of a circuit board 14 on which a single chip microcomputer 23 is installed and wires. The model of the single chip microcomputer 23 is specifically an STM32 single chip microcomputer. The circuit board 14 is fixed on the bottom plate inside the rectangular box 4.

[0029] The display and alarm device consists of an LED bulb 18, a speaker 20, and a display screen 19; there are circular and rectangular openings of different sizes on the rectangular box 4, among which the circular opening is used to install the LED bulb 18 and connect the vertical cylinder 3 with the horizontal cylinder 5, and the rectangular opening is used to install the display screen 19 and the speaker 20. The display screen 19 is installed in the rectangular opening in the middle of the front of the rectangular box 4, and the display screen 19 is connected to the circuit board 14; LED bulbs 18 are installed in the circular openings on the left and right sides and the upper part of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4, and the LED bulbs 18 are respectively connected to the circuit board 14; the rectangular opening below the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 is installed with a speaker 20, and the speaker 20 is connected to the circuit board 14.

[0030] The specific number of LED bulbs 18 on the left side of the front display screen 19 of the rectangular box 4 is 5, and the LED bulbs used are of different colors. The specific number of LED bulbs 18 on the right side of the front display screen 19 of the rectangular box 4 is 5, and the LED bulbs used are of different colors. The colors of the 5 LED bulbs on both sides are white, blue, green, yellow and red from top to bottom; the number of LED bulbs 18 on the upper part of the front display screen of the rectangular box is 3, and the colors are different, and the colors from left to right are green, yellow and red.

[0031] The brightness of the LED bulb 18 on the left side of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 indicates the displacement ΔA of the shallow base point, while the brightness of the LED bulb 18 on the right side of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 indicates the displacement ΔB of the deep base point. Specifically, the five different colored LED bulbs 18 on the left and right sides of the front of the rectangular box 4 represent displacements of 30mm, 60mm, 90mm, 110mm, and 130mm, respectively. When ΔA or ΔB reaches the corresponding displacement, the corresponding LED light illuminates. When the shallow base point displacement ΔA<30mm, no LED light on the left side lights up; when 30mm≤ΔA<60mm, only the white LED light on the left side lights up; when 60mm≤ΔA<90mm, only the green LED light on the left side lights up; when 90mm≤ΔA<110mm, only the blue LED light on the left side lights up; when 110mm≤ΔA<130mm, only the yellow LED light on the left side lights up; when ΔA>130mm, only the red LED light on the left side lights up; the LED light display effect on the right side of the front display screen 19 of the rectangular box 4 is the same as the LED light display effect on the left side of the front display screen 19 of the rectangular box 4.

[0032] The application effects of the three LED bulbs 18 corresponding to the upper part of the front display screen 19 of the rectangular box 4 are as follows: when ΔA=ΔB, the green LED bulb on the left lights up while the other two do not light up; when ΔA<ΔB and 0<ΔB-ΔA<130mm, the middle yellow LED bulb lights up while the other two do not light up; when ΔA<<ΔB, that is, ΔB-ΔA≥130mm, the red LED bulb on the right lights up while the other two do not light up.

[0033] The horn 20 responds by sounding an alarm under the control of the data processing and control device when 130 mm ≤ ΔB.

[0034] The coal mine explosion-proof battery 15 is fixed on the bottom plate inside the rectangular box 4. The coal mine explosion-proof battery 15 is connected to the circuit board 14 through the wire 17 to power the circuit board. The circuit board 14 powers the grating demodulator 13, LED bulb 18, display screen 19, and speaker 20 through the wire.

[0035] The shell consists of a vertical cylinder 3, a rectangular box 4, and two horizontal cylinders 5; the vertical cylinder 3 and the horizontal cylinder 4 are both made of PVC, and the rectangular box 4 is made of metal; the two horizontal cylinders 5 are the same size and have a length of 130mm to 350mm; the vertical cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the circular opening on the top of the rectangular box 4, and the two horizontal cylinders 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the circular openings on both sides of the rectangular box 4, and the vertical cylinder 3, the rectangular box 4, and the horizontal cylinder 5 are interconnected.

[0036] Working principle: The roof separation information is received through the steel wire rope and converted into spring pressure. The displacement optical signal conversion device converts the spring pressure into the grating center wavelength offset of the fiber Bragg grating sensor. The photoelectric conversion device directly outputs the grating center wavelength in the fiber Bragg grating sensor. The data processing and control device analyzes and calculates the grating center wavelength, and controls the display and alarm device to respond after judgment. The display and alarm device displays the roof separation information in the form of sound and light. The power supply device supplies power to the entire system. During installation, first install the two anchor claws on the shallow and deep base points of the roof rock layer respectively, and connect the anchor claws to the upper end of the wire rope. Then, fix the two traction balls on the wire rope at the other end of the two measuring wires. As the roof deforms, the roof delamination situation is transmitted to the spring by pulling the traction ball through the wire rope to compress the spring. The spring then transmits the force to the cantilever beam with the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor, causing the deflection of the free end of the cantilever beam to change. The fiber optic Bragg grating sensor then transmits the optical signal to the grating demodulator through the transmission optical fiber. The grating demodulator converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and outputs the grating center wavelength. The electrical signal is then transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller through the circuit board through the wire for processing, and then controls the light, display and speaker response.

[0037] The brightness of the LED bulb on the left side of the rectangular display screen indicates the displacement of the shallow base point, ΔA. The brightness of the LED bulb on the right side of the rectangular display screen indicates the displacement of the deep base point, ΔB. Five different colored LED bulbs on the left and right sides of the rectangular display screen represent displacements of 30mm, 60mm, 90mm, 110mm, and 130mm, respectively. Controlled by the data processing and control device, when ΔA and ΔB reach the corresponding displacement values, the corresponding LED lights light up. When the shallow base point displacement ΔA is less than 30mm, no LED light will light up on the left side. When 30mm≤ΔA<60mm, only the white LED light will light up on the left side. When 60mm≤ΔA<90mm, only the green LED light will light up on the left side. When 90mm≤ΔA<110mm, only the blue LED light will light up on the left side. When 110mm≤ΔA<130mm, only the yellow LED light will light up on the left side. When ΔA>130mm, only the red LED light will light up on the left side. The LED light display on the right side of the rectangular box front display has the same display effect as the LED light display on the left side of the rectangular box front display. In this way, different roof separation information is indicated by different colors of light.

[0038] The three LED bulbs on the upper display of the rectangular box display correspond to the following: when ΔA = ΔB, the left green LED lights up while the other two do not, indicating that roof separation displacement occurs only between the roof and the shallow base point. When ΔA < ΔB and 0 < ΔB - ΔA < 130mm, the middle yellow LED lights up while the other two do not, indicating that roof separation occurs partially between the roof and the shallow base point and partially between the shallow base point and the deep base point. When ΔA << ΔB (i.e., ΔB - ΔA ≥ 130mm), the right red LED lights up while the other two do not, indicating that only a small portion of separation occurs between the roof and the shallow base point, with the majority occurring between the shallow base point and the deep base point. In this case, it can be assumed that the roadway roof displacement occurs only between the shallow and deep base points. The number, color, size, spacing, and meaning of the LED bulbs, the size of the rectangular box, the shape and size of the openings in the box, and the length and diameter of the vertical and horizontal cylinders can be determined based on the actual conditions of the mine. The number of speakers, installation positions, alarm prompt tones, etc. in the present invention can be determined according to the actual conditions of the mine.

[0039] When attaching the quick readout device to the delamination meter, first install the anchor points for the deep base point and the shallow base point using the mounting rod, then connect the wire rope to one end of the spring and set the initial displacement value. After a period of time after installation, the rock roof begins to deform, and then the deformation gradually slows down. When the roof delamination exceeds the set threshold, the readout measurement device of the utility model displays the roof delamination condition through the LED indicator and display on the delamination meter, and issues an alarm through the speaker.

[0040] Working process: connect the anchor claw 1 to one end of the wire rope 2, and fix the two fixed pulleys 9 on the top plate inside the rectangular box 4 through two symmetrically arranged fixed pulley brackets 21; pass the other ends of the two wire ropes 2 through the vertical cylinder 3, bypass the fixed pulley 9 to change the pulling direction of the two wire ropes 2 from vertical to horizontal, and the two wire ropes 2 bypass the fixed pulley 9 respectively and pass through the axis of the spring 8, and pass out from the horizontal cylinder 5. The wire rope 2 passing out of the horizontal cylinder 5 passes through the traction ball 6 and is fixed by tightening the screw 7; a mechanical transmission device, a displacement light signal conversion device, a photoelectric conversion device, a data processing and control device, an alarm device and a power supply device are provided inside the rectangular box 4; the anchor claw 1 entering the rock formation and the wire rope 2 connected to the anchor claw 1 are used to receive and transmit the top plate separation information, and convert the vertical displacement information of the top plate separation into horizontal displacement information through the fixed pulley 9, and then pull the traction ball 6 through the wire rope 2 to compress the spring 8, and convert the displacement of the wire rope 2 into spring 8 compression displacement and spring 8 pressure; converting the spring 8 pressure of the mechanical transmission device into the free end displacement of the cantilever beam 11, so that the grating center wavelength of the fiber grating sensor 12 attached to the cantilever beam 11 changes, thereby converting the free end displacement of the cantilever beam 11 into the drift of the grating center wavelength; transmitting the optical signal in the fiber grating sensor 12 to the grating demodulator 13 for processing via the transmission optical fiber 16, and directly outputting the grating center wavelength value, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal; transmitting the grating center wavelength value output by the photoelectric conversion device to the single-chip microcomputer 23 on the circuit board 14 through the wire 17 for calculation and analysis, converting the grating center wavelength value into the top plate separation value, and controlling the display and alarm device to respond through calculation and judgment; the brightness of the LED bulb 18 on the left side of the display screen 19 indicates the displacement ΔA of the shallow base point, and the brightness of the LED bulb 18 on the right side of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 indicates the displacement ΔB of the deep base point. Specifically, the five different colored LED bulbs 18 on the left and right sides of the front of the rectangular box 4 represent displacements of 30mm, 60mm, 90mm, 110mm, and 130mm, respectively. When the displacement ΔA of the shallow base point and the displacement ΔB of the deep base point reach corresponding values, the corresponding LED lights light up. When the shallow base point displacement ΔA is less than 30mm, no LED light on the left side lights up. When 30mm≤ΔA<60mm, only the white LED light on the left side lights up. When 60mm≤ΔA<90mm, only the green LED light on the left side lights up. When 90mm≤ΔA<110mm, only the blue LED light on the left side lights up. When 110mm≤ΔA<130mm, only the yellow LED light on the left side lights up. When ΔA>130mm, only the red LED light on the left side lights up. The display effect of the LED light on the right side of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 is the same as the display effect of the LED light on the left side of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4.The application effect of the three LED bulbs 18 on the upper part of the display screen 19 on the front of the rectangular box 4 is: when ΔA=ΔB, the green LED bulb on the left lights up while the other two are not; when ΔA.

Claims

1. A multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology, comprising a rectangular box (4), a display and alarm device arranged on the rectangular box (4), characterized in that: Two horizontal cylinders (5) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the rectangular box (4), a vertical cylinder (3) is provided in the middle of the upper end of the rectangular box (4), and a mechanical transmission device, a displacement light signal conversion device, a photoelectric conversion device, a data processing and control device, and a power supply device are provided inside the rectangular box (4); The mechanical transmission device comprises springs (8) respectively arranged in the left and right horizontal cylinders (5) and traction balls (6) at the ports of the two horizontal cylinders (5), and two fixed pulley brackets (21) symmetrically arranged below the entrance of the vertical cylinder (3) and a fixed pulley (9) fixed on the fixed pulley bracket (21). The traction ball (6) is provided with a circular hole that passes through the diameter of the ball. A steel wire rope (2) is wound around each of the fixed pulleys (9). One end of each of the two steel wire ropes (2) wound around the fixed pulley (9) passes through the springs (8) in the left and right horizontal cylinders (5), then passes through the traction ball (6), and is fixed by tightening screws (7). The other ends of the two steel wire ropes (2) pass through the fixed pulley (9) and pass through the vertical cylinder (3). Anchor claws (1) are fixed to the heads of the two steel wire ropes (2) that pass through the vertical cylinder (3); the steel wire rope (2) passes through the opening of the traction ball; and a tightening screw (7) is installed on the traction ball (6); The displacement optical signal conversion device comprises a cantilever beam (11), a cantilever beam mounting block (10) and a fiber Bragg grating sensor (12); the cantilever beam (11) and the cantilever beam mounting block (10) are fixedly connected; the cantilever beam mounting block (10) is fixed inside one side of the rectangular box (4); the fiber Bragg grating sensor (12) is adhered to the cantilever beam (11); the fiber Bragg grating sensor (12) is connected to the grating demodulator (13) via a transmission optical fiber (16); The photoelectric conversion device includes a grating demodulator (13), which is fixed to the inner back panel of the rectangular box (4) and connected to the circuit board (14) via a built-in interface and an electric wire (17); The data processing and control device includes a circuit board (14), a single chip microcomputer (23) connected to the circuit board, and a wire (17) connected to the circuit board (14); the circuit board (14) is fixed to the inner bottom plate of the rectangular box (4); The display and alarm device comprises a display screen (19), a plurality of LED bulbs (18) arranged on both sides and the upper portion of the display screen (19), and a speaker (20) arranged at the lower portion of the display screen (19); the display screen (19), the LED bulbs (18), and the speaker (20) are respectively connected to the circuit board (14); the switch (22) is installed at the bottom of the rectangular box (4) and is connected to the circuit board via an electric wire; The power supply device is composed of a coal mine explosion-proof battery (15) and an electric wire, and is connected to a circuit board in the data processing and control device via an electric wire (17); The coal mine explosion-proof battery (15) is fixed on the bottom plate inside the rectangular box (4), and the coal mine explosion-proof battery (15) is connected to the circuit board (14) through the wire (17), and the circuit board (14) is connected to the grating demodulator (13), the LED bulb (18), the display screen (19), and the speaker (20) through the wire.

2. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring (8) close to the rectangular box (4) is fixed on the cantilever beam (11), and the other end is free.

3. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The length of the spring (8) is 10-50 mm shorter than the length of the horizontal cylinder (5), the outer diameter of the spring (8) is 5-15 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder (5), and the compression amount of the spring (8) within the elastic range is 130 mm-300 mm.

4. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the traction ball (6) is 1-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the spring (8) and 1-5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder (5); the opening diameter of the traction ball (6) is 1-3 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope (2).

5. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the grating demodulator (13) is a micro fiber grating demodulator X100.

6. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the single chip microcomputer (23) is an STM32 single chip microcomputer.

7. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED bulbs (18) on the left and right sides of the display screen (19) are respectively 5 LED bulbs of different colors, and the 5 LED bulbs of different colors are white, blue, green, yellow and red from top to bottom; the LED bulbs (18) on the upper part of the display screen (19) are 3, and the colors are different, and the colors from left to right are green, yellow and red.

8. The multi-threshold alarm roof separation instrument based on fiber Bragg grating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical cylinder (3) and the two horizontal cylinders (5) are all made of PVC, and the rectangular box (4) is made of metal; the two horizontal cylinders (5) are of the same size and have a length of 130 mm to 350 mm.

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