Shield cutter wear detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield cutter wear detection device, which is characterized in that the front end face of a shield cutter head is divided into an annular peripheral area, a central area and four corner areas, and a plurality of shield cutters are uniformly distributed in each area; a gas cavity filled with gas is formed in the shield cutter; the gas cavity in the peripheral area is filled with first gas; the gas cavity in the central area is filled with second gas; the gas cavities in the four corner areas are filled with third gas; the device further comprises a gas concentration monitoring device arranged at the position of a slag discharging opening of the shield tunneling machine, and when the gas concentration monitoring device monitors that the first gas or the second gas or the third gas exists at the position of the slag discharging opening, the area where the abraded shield cutter is located is determined. The device can detect the type of gas overflowing from the gas cavity when the shield cutter is abraded to the gas cavity, so that the specific area of the abraded shield cutter on the front end face of the cutter head can be quickly determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of shield construction, in particular to a shield tool wear detection device. Background Art

[0002] A shield machine is a type of construction equipment used in underground engineering, mainly used for tunnel excavation and construction. It cuts the soil through the front end of the shield and transports the excavated soil to the rear. At the same time, concrete or other materials are filled at the rear of the shield to form the lining of the tunnel.

[0003] Shield tool wear is a common problem during shield tunneling construction, directly impacting overall shield machine performance and project quality, even posing a threat to project safety. Traditional detection methods include vibration monitoring, infrared thermal imaging, and visual inspection, but these methods all have drawbacks. Visual inspections require downtime, extending construction timelines and impacting progress. Infrared imaging and vibration monitoring equipment are both expensive and difficult to operate. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a shield tool wear detection device to solve the problem that it is difficult to detect the wear of the shield tool and it is impossible to quickly determine the position of the worn shield tool.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A shield cutter wear detection device, wherein the front end face of the shield cutter head is divided into an annular outer area, a cross-shaped central area arranged inside the outer area, and four corner areas connecting the central area and the outer area. A plurality of shield cutters are evenly distributed in each area; an air cavity filled with gas is provided inside the shield cutter head;

[0007] The air cavity of the shield cutter in the peripheral area is filled with a first gas;

[0008] The air cavity of the shield cutter in the central area is filled with a second gas;

[0009] The air cavities of the shield cutters in the four corner areas are filled with a third gas;

[0010] It also includes a gas concentration monitoring device arranged at the slag discharge port of the shield machine; when the gas concentration monitoring device detects the presence of the first gas, the second gas or the third gas at the slag discharge port, the area where the worn shield tool is located is determined by the monitored gas type.

[0011] In particular, the air cavity is connected to the outside through an air filling channel, and the air filling channel is located on the inner side of the shield tool and faces the main axis of the shield tool; and also includes a sealing head for sealing the air cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the plugging head is a polytetrafluoroethylene plugging head.

[0013] Furthermore, the air cavity is annular and matches the shape of the shield cutter.

[0014] Furthermore, there are multiple air cavities, which are evenly distributed on the shield cutter.

[0015] Particularly, the first gas, the second gas and the third gas are mercaptan, tetrahydrothiophene and tetrahydropyrrole respectively, and the gas concentration monitoring device is a PID type gas sensor.

[0016] In particular, it also includes a signal transmitter electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device; and also includes a signal receiver arranged in the shield driving cab, which receives the electrical signal emitted by the signal transmitter through the signal receiver.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model can detect the type of gas overflowing from the air cavity when the shield tool is worn to the air cavity, thereby quickly determining the specific area of ​​the worn shield tool on the front end face of the cutter disc, making it convenient for subsequent construction personnel to quickly locate when replacing the shield tool, shortening the time occupied by shutdown and maintenance, and effectively speeding up the construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front end structure of the shield in the device of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shield tool.

[0021] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: peripheral area - 1; central area - 2; four corner areas - 3; shield tool - 4; air cavity - 5; inflation channel - 6; blocking head - 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to have a further understanding of the concept of the present invention, the technical problems solved, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the technical effects brought about.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a shield cutter wear detection device is shown. The front end face of the shield cutter head is divided into an annular outer area 1, a cross-shaped central area 2 arranged inside the outer area 1, and four corner areas 3 connecting the central area 2 and the outer area 1. A number of shield cutters 4 are evenly distributed in each area; the shield cutters 4 have an air cavity 5 filled with gas inside.

[0024] The air cavity 5 of the shield cutter 4 in the peripheral area 1 is filled with a first gas;

[0025] The air cavity 5 of the shield cutter 4 in the central area 2 is filled with a second gas;

[0026] The air cavity 5 of the shield cutter 4 in the four corner areas 3 is filled with a third gas;

[0027] It also includes a gas concentration monitoring device arranged at the slag discharge port of the shield machine; when the gas concentration monitoring device detects the presence of the first gas, the second gas or the third gas at the slag discharge port, the area where the worn shield tool 4 is located is determined.

[0028] Since the shield cutters in different areas of the shield cutterhead face different wear during the shield tunneling construction process, the areas where the shield cutters are prone to wear are divided into an annular peripheral area 1, a cross-shaped central area 2 set inside the peripheral area 1, and a four-corner area 3 connecting the central area 2 and the peripheral area 1. Among them, the central area 2 bears the greatest cutting force, and the cutter head wear is usually the most serious. Excessive wear of the cutter head will lead to a high frequency of cutter head replacement. Compared with the central area 2, the cutter head wear in the peripheral area 1 is usually lighter, but due to the small amount of cutting, local excessive wear may occur. The four-corner area 3 bears less cutting force, but often suffers from local excessive wear at sharp corners. Therefore, in the present invention, different types of gases are filled into the air cavities 5 of the shield cutters 4 in different areas, and the corresponding gas monitoring devices are used to monitor the concentration. When a shield cutter 4 in a certain area is worn and the air cavity 5 is damaged, the gas inside it leaks, and the gas concentration monitoring device detects that the concentration of a certain gas changes from zero to non-zero, indicating that there is a shield cutter 4 with a damaged air cavity 5 in the corresponding area, and therefore it needs to be replaced. Since the area where the shield cutter 4 that needs to be replaced is located has been determined, the process of identifying the specific worn shield cutter 4 can be greatly accelerated, thereby facilitating construction personnel to quickly locate the shield cutter when replacing it, shortening the time occupied by downtime and maintenance, and effectively speeding up the construction progress.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the air cavity 5 is connected to the outside through an inflation channel 6, and the inflation channel 6 is located on the inner side of the shield cutter 4, facing the main axis direction of the shield cutter 4; it also includes a sealing head 7 for sealing the air cavity 5.

[0030] This embodiment provides a specific structure for gas filling. Gas is introduced through a gas channel 6 located toward the main axis of the shield cutter 4. This channel 6 is then sealed with a plug 7 to prevent the shield cutter 4 from impacting the plug 6 and causing gas leakage during tunneling. Alternatively, during the casting of the shield cutter 4, the gas cavity 5 can be sealed in sections under different atmospheres to achieve the goal of filling the corresponding gas cavity 5 with a specific gas.

[0031] As a further embodiment, the plugging head 7 is a polytetrafluoroethylene plugging head.

[0032] In this embodiment, plugging head 7 is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plugging head. PTFE (PTFE) has excellent chemical stability and self-lubricating properties, providing a reliable seal in high-temperature and high-pressure environments while also enhancing its heat and vibration resistance. The PTFE plugging head seals the inflation channel 6, effectively preventing gas leakage.

[0033] As a further embodiment, the air cavity 5 is annular and matches the shape of the shield cutter 4 .

[0034] In this embodiment, a method for setting the air cavity 5 in the shield cutter 4 is proposed. Specifically, since the shield cutter 4 is annular with a main axis as a whole, the air cavity 5 can be set as an annular cavity similar to the overall shape of the shield cutter 4 and arranged inside the shield cutter 4. Therefore, only one inflation channel 6 needs to be set, which reduces the difficulty of processing the shield cutter 4. At the same time, it can also ensure that when any point is worn to the edge of the air cavity 5, internal gas will escape, avoiding the situation where there is no air cavity 5 in the worn part when only a single air cavity 5 of conventional size is set, resulting in reduced effectiveness of the device.

[0035] As a further embodiment, the air cavities 5 are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed on the shield cutter 4 .

[0036] In this embodiment, compared with setting only a single air cavity 5, by setting a plurality of air cavities 5 evenly distributed on the shield cutter 4, it is possible to increase the accuracy of wear detection while reducing the occupation of the air cavity 5 on the main volume of the shield cutter 4, thereby reducing the impact on the overall strength of the shield cutter 4.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the first gas, the second gas and the third gas are mercaptan, tetrahydrothiophene and tetrahydropyrrole respectively, and the gas concentration monitoring device is a PID gas sensor.

[0038] In this embodiment, selectable types of first, second, and third gases are provided. Mercaptans, tetrahydrothiophene, and tetrahydropyrrole are all pungent gases with strong odors. Mercaptans are a class of alcohol compounds containing sulfur atoms and have a strong pungent odor. They are commonly used as intermediates or solvents in organic synthesis and can also be used in the production of rubber, plastics, and other chemicals. Tetrahydrothiophene (THT), a thiophene ring compound containing four hydrogen atoms, is a colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. It is primarily used as an odorant for gaseous fuels such as city gas and natural gas, and to warn of gas leaks. It has low toxicity and is less corrosive to metal equipment. Tetrahydropyrrole, a pyrrole ring compound containing four hydrogen atoms, is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Its chemical properties are similar to those of tetrahydrothiophene. By using these three gases and their corresponding gas concentration monitoring devices, damage to the air cavity 5 can be quickly detected by the gas concentration monitoring device without affecting construction workers or shield machinery. A PID gas sensor is an instrument capable of monitoring extremely low concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other toxic gases. It uses an ultraviolet (UV) light source to break organic matter into positive and negative ions (ionization), which can be detected by the monitor. The monitor measures the charge of the ionized gas and converts it into a current signal, which is amplified and displayed as a "Parts Per Million" concentration. After being monitored, the ions recombine to form the original gas and vapor.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a signal transmitter electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device; and also includes a signal receiver arranged in the shield driving cab, which receives the electrical signal emitted by the signal transmitter through the signal receiver.

[0040] In this embodiment, a solution for monitoring signal output is provided, wherein a signal transmitter is used to transmit an electrical signal representing the monitoring data of the gas concentration monitoring device. A signal receiver located in the shield machine cab receives the signal and transmits the monitoring information back to the cab, allowing the crew in the cab to monitor whether the shield cutter 4 is being worn. The signal transmitter and signal receiver are mature existing technologies, and their circuit structures are not described in detail here.

[0041] The words "connection" and "fixation" appearing in the description of the present invention may refer to fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention shall be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate the orientation or position relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield cutter wear detection device, wherein the front end face of the shield cutter head is divided into an annular peripheral area (1), a cross-shaped central area (2) arranged inside the peripheral area (1), and four corner areas (3) connecting the central area (2) and the peripheral area (1), and a plurality of shield cutters (4) are evenly distributed in each area; characterized in that: An air cavity (5) filled with gas is provided inside the shield cutter (4); The air cavity (5) of the shield cutter (4) in the peripheral area (1) is filled with a first gas; The air cavity (5) of the shield cutter (4) in the central area (2) is filled with a second gas; The air cavity (5) of the shield cutter (4) in the four corner areas (3) is filled with a third gas; It also includes a gas concentration monitoring device arranged at the slag discharge port of the shield machine; when the gas concentration monitoring device detects the presence of the first gas, the second gas or the third gas at the slag discharge port, the area where the worn shield cutter (4) is located is determined by the type of gas monitored.

2. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cavity (5) is connected to the outside through an air filling channel (6), and the air filling channel (6) is located on the inner side of the shield cutter (4) and faces the main axis direction of the shield cutter (4); and also includes a sealing head (7) for sealing the air cavity (5).

3. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plugging head (7) is a polytetrafluoroethylene plugging head.

4. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air cavity (5) is annular and matches the shape of the shield cutter (4).

5. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air cavities (5) are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed on the shield cutter (4).

6. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gas, the second gas and the third gas are mercaptan, tetrahydrothiophene and tetrahydropyrrole respectively, and the gas concentration monitoring device is a PID type gas sensor.

7. A shield tool wear detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a signal transmitter electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device; and a signal receiver arranged in the shield driving cab, which receives the electrical signal transmitted by the signal transmitter through the signal receiver.

Images