Heat exchange component, upper cover assembly, single battery and battery module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, relates to a heat exchange component, an upper cover assembly, a single battery and a battery module, and solves the problem of potential safety hazards caused by heating of the battery module. The heat exchange component comprises a hollow component and an annular sealing plate; the inner diameter of the hollow component is larger than the outer diameter of the single battery polarity terminal, and the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component is used for sealing and fixing with the outer side wall of an insulating component arranged on the single battery polarity terminal; the annular sealing plate is coaxial with the hollow component and fixed at the top end of the hollow component, and the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate is used for sealing and fixing with the side wall of the single battery polarity terminal. The upper cover assembly comprises an upper cover plate, an insulating component, a polarity terminal and a heat exchange component arranged on the polarity terminal in a sleeving mode. The single battery comprises the upper cover assembly; the battery module comprises the single battery; the heat exchange components of the adjacent single batteries are communicated with each other, and a heat exchange channel is formed at the top of the battery module for heat exchange of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a heat exchange component, an upper cover assembly, a single battery and a battery module. Background Art

[0002] Battery modules generate heat during operation. Failure to dissipate heat promptly can impact their performance and service life, and may even lead to thermal runaway, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, effective thermal management of battery modules is crucial for ensuring their safe and stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a heat exchange component, an upper cover assembly, a single battery and a battery module, which can overcome the safety hazard caused by heating of the battery module.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchange component, comprising a hollow component and an annular sealing plate;

[0005] The inner diameter of the hollow member is larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal of the single cell. The inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow member is used to seal and fix with the outer wall of the insulating member provided on the polarity terminal of the single cell. Two through holes are provided on the side wall of the hollow member, serving as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet respectively.

[0006] The annular sealing plate is coaxial with the hollow component and is fixed on the top of the hollow component. The inner surface of the annular sealing plate is used for sealing and fixing with the side wall of the polarity terminal of the single battery.

[0007] This utility model installs a heat exchange component around the polarity terminals of a single cell. After constructing a battery module based on these single cells, the heat exchange components of each single cell can be connected to form a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module to exchange heat for the battery module. This heat exchange component mainly exchanges heat for the polarity terminals of the single cell, where heat is more concentrated. At the same time, a direct heat exchange method is adopted, in which part of the structure of the polarity terminal is directly placed within the flow cavity of the heat exchange medium, so that the polarity terminal and the heat exchange medium are in direct contact, achieving heat exchange at the polarity terminal. Compared with the indirect heat exchange method, it has a shorter heat exchange path, and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, which improves the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat exchange component further includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, both of which are fixed to the side wall of the hollow component and communicate with the liquid inlet and outlet, respectively. The liquid inlet and outlet pipes facilitate communication between the heat exchange components, thereby forming a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module to exchange heat within the battery module.

[0009] Furthermore, the hollow member, annular sealing plate, liquid inlet pipe, and liquid outlet pipe are all integrated into a single piece, all made of rubber. Compared to separate structures, integrated pieces are easier to process. The rubber heat exchange member, due to its elastic deformation, is easily fitted over the polarity terminal and easily seals against the sidewalls of the polarity terminal and the outer wall of the insulating member.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting rib is provided on the inner side wall of the hollow component along its axial direction, and the lower end surface of the limiting rib is used to cooperate with the insulating component to limit the hollow component in the axial direction of the hollow component.

[0011] The second aspect of the present invention further provides an upper cover assembly for a single cell, comprising an upper cover plate, an insulating member, polarity terminals and the above-mentioned heat exchange member;

[0012] The insulating component is sleeved on the polarity terminal, and the polarity terminal is insulated from the upper cover plate through the insulating component;

[0013] The heat exchange component is sleeved on the polarity terminal, and the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component of the heat exchange component and the outer side wall of the insulating component are sealed and fixed, and the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate of the heat exchange component is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal; the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate, and an annular cavity is formed between the heat exchange component and the polarity terminal, which serves as a heat exchange medium flow cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, a stepped structure is provided along the circumference of the outer wall of the insulating member. The inner wall of the bottom end of the hollow member in the heat exchange member is sealed and fixed to the outer wall of the insulating member, and the end surface of the bottom end of the hollow member in the heat exchange member is sealed and fixed to the stepped surface of the insulating member. The stepped surface not only supports the heat exchange member but also achieves a sealed fixation between the bottom end of the hollow member and the insulating member in the radial direction of the hollow member.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower end surface of the limiting rib of the hollow component is pressed against the upper end surface of the insulating component, thereby limiting the hollow component in the axial direction of the hollow component.

[0016] Furthermore, the polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure that increases its heat exchange area. The portion of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is located within the heat exchange component. Compared to polarity terminals without the functional structure, this provides a larger heat exchange area, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0017] Furthermore, the functional structure comprises n annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each annular groove extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal, and the n annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal. Compared to other functional structures, the annular grooves are easier to manufacture, resulting in a lower cost for the polarity terminal.

[0018] Furthermore, the functional structure can also be a through-hole provided on the polarity terminal, the through-hole penetrating the polarity terminal along the x-direction. A plurality of dividing ribs can also be provided on the inner wall of the through-hole; the plurality of dividing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through-hole, and each dividing rib extends axially along the through-hole. By providing dividing ribs within the through-hole, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal can be further increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, the plurality of dividing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through-hole, so that the temperature uniformity of each part of the polarity terminal is better. Each dividing rib extends axially along the through-hole, without affecting the fluidity of the heat transfer medium within the through-hole.

[0019] Furthermore, a first opening piece is provided on the upper cover. After a battery module is constructed based on the single cells with such an upper cover assembly, when a gas sharing chamber is provided on the top of the battery module, the gas areas within the cavities of each single cell can be connected to the gas sharing chamber by opening the first opening piece.

[0020] The third aspect of the present invention provides a single cell, comprising an outer shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a barrel and a lower cover assembly; and the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly mentioned above.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second package opening piece arranged on the lower cover plate.

[0022] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a battery module, comprising the above-mentioned single battery; the heat exchange components of adjacent single batteries are interconnected.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] This utility model installs a heat exchange component around the polarity terminals of a single cell. After constructing a battery module based on these single cells, the heat exchange components of each single cell can be connected to form a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module to exchange heat for the battery module. This heat exchange component mainly exchanges heat for the polarity terminals of the single cell, where heat is more concentrated. At the same time, a direct heat exchange method is adopted, in which part of the structure of the polarity terminal is directly placed within the flow cavity of the heat exchange medium, so that the polarity terminal and the heat exchange medium are in direct contact, achieving heat exchange at the polarity terminal. Compared with the indirect heat exchange method, it has a shorter heat exchange path, and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, which improves the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange component in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange component in Example 2;

[0027] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange component in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0029] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial exploded view of the upper cover assembly in Example 3;

[0031] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover assembly in Example 4;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a partial exploded view of another upper cover assembly in Example 4;

[0033] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of another upper cover assembly in Example 4;

[0034] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover assembly in Example 6;

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 7;

[0036] Figure 12 A partial exploded view of a single cell in Example 7;

[0037] Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of a single cell in Example 7 Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of a single cell in Example 7 Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 7;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a partial exploded view of the battery module in Example 7;

[0041] The accompanying drawings are denoted as follows:

[0042] 1. Heat exchange component; 11. Hollow component; 111. Limiting rib; 12. Annular sealing plate; 13. Through hole; 14. Liquid inlet pipe; 15. Liquid outlet pipe; 2. Single battery; 21. Polarity terminal; 211. Electrical connection part; 22. Upper cover; 23. Insulating component; 231. Step structure; 24. Annular groove; 25. Through hole; 26. Partitioning rib plate; 27. Lower cover; 28. Second opening piece; 29. ​​Connecting pipe section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," and so on, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of a battery module (also referred to as a battery pack), the present invention discloses a heat exchange component, a cover assembly for a single cell, a single cell, and a battery module constructed based on such a single cell. The heat exchange component is sleeved around the outer periphery of the polarity terminal of the single cell, and an annular cavity is formed between the polarity terminal and the single cell, and the annular cavity serves as a heat exchange medium flow cavity. After constructing a battery module based on such a single cell, the heat exchange components of adjacent single cells are connected to form a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module to achieve heat exchange of the battery module. Heat exchange here can be understood as heat dissipation or heating. When the temperature of the battery module is higher than a set threshold, the battery module is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange component. When the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set threshold, the battery module is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange component. By controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the battery module always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0047] This utility model places a heat exchange component on top of a single cell. The polarity terminals of the single cell extend through the heat exchange component. At least part of the polarity terminals are located inside the heat exchange component, in direct contact with the heat exchange medium. The remaining part of the polarity terminals is located outside the heat exchange component, serving as an electrical connection. When a battery module is constructed based on these single cells, the heat exchange components of each cell can be connected, forming a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module to exchange heat within the battery module.

[0048] The utility model mainly exchanges heat at the polarity terminals of the single battery cells where heat is relatively concentrated through the heat exchange components. At the same time, a direct heat exchange method is adopted to place part of the structure of the polarity terminal directly in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, so that the polarity terminal is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, thereby realizing heat exchange of the polarity terminal. Compared with the indirect heat exchange method, the utility model has a shorter heat exchange path, and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange component 1 of this embodiment; as can be seen from the figure, the heat exchange component 1 of this embodiment includes a hollow component 11 and an annular sealing plate 12.

[0052] The inner diameter of the hollow member 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 21 of the single battery. Two through holes 13 are provided on the side wall of the hollow member, serving as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet respectively.

[0053] The present invention does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 11. Generally, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 11 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. For example, when the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21 is circular, the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 11 is circular; when the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21 is square, the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 11 is square.

[0054] The annular sealing plate 12 is coaxial with the hollow member 11 and is sealed and fixed on the top of the hollow member 11;

[0055] The heat exchange component is sleeved around the outer periphery of the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell, forming an annular cavity between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange component 11, which serves as a flow chamber for the heat exchange medium; the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component 11 and the outer side wall of the insulating component 23 sleeved on the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2 are sealed and fixed; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 12 is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal 21, and at the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that part of the structure of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate 12, serving as the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21.

[0056] In this embodiment, the hollow member 11 and the annular sealing plate 12 are an integral part. In other embodiments, the hollow member 11 and the annular sealing plate 12 may be separate parts, but the processing is more complicated than in this embodiment.

[0057] It should be noted that:

[0058] 1. Because the polarity terminals 21 of the present invention are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should possess excellent insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardancy, low cost, suitable operating temperature, long life, and be non-corrosive. In the present invention, the heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, including, but not limited to, insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0059] 2. When the heat exchange component 1 is in contact with the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover 22 of the single cell 2 at the same time, if the polarity terminal 21 is electrically connected to the upper cover 22 of the single cell 2 through the heat exchange component 1, a short circuit will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate the heat exchange component 1 from the upper cover 22 of the single cell 2, or it is also possible to insulate the heat exchange component 1 from the polarity terminal 21. Of course, it is also possible to insulate the heat exchange component 1 from the upper cover 22 of the single cell 2 and the polarity terminal 21; that is, it is sufficient to ensure that the polarity terminal 21 cannot be electrically connected to the upper cover 22 of the single cell 2 through the heat exchange component 1.

[0060] The above problems can usually be solved in the following ways:

[0061] 2.1. Using a heat exchange component 1 made of insulating material can achieve insulation between the heat exchange component 1 and the upper cover 22 and polarity terminals 21 of the single battery 2;

[0062] 2.2. If the heat exchange component 1 is made of non-insulating material, an insulating pad, insulating film, or insulating paint can be added between the upper cover 22 of the single battery 2 and the heat exchange component 1 to overcome this problem. The heat exchange component 1 can also be insulated, such as sprayed with insulating paint, wrapped with insulating film, etc., to overcome this problem. An insulating sealing gasket can also be added between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange component 1 to overcome this problem. Of course, to be on the safe side, the above methods can be combined to adopt multiple insulation methods to overcome this problem.

[0063] In this embodiment, the heat exchange component 1 is made of insulating material to achieve insulation between the heat exchange component 1 and the polarity terminals 21 and the upper cover of the single battery 2 .

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Different from Example 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the heat exchange component 1 of this embodiment further includes a liquid inlet pipe 14 and a liquid outlet pipe 15 ; the liquid inlet pipe 14 and the liquid outlet pipe 15 are both fixed on the side wall of the hollow component 11 and are communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet respectively.

[0066] In addition, in this embodiment, the hollow member 11, the annular sealing plate 12, the liquid inlet pipe 14 and the liquid outlet pipe 15 are an integral part, and are all made of insulating materials, preferably insulating materials with a certain elastic deformation, such as rubber.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment is a single cell battery cover assembly, and its structure is as follows Figures 4 and 5 As shown, it includes an upper cover plate 22, two polarity terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate 22, and the heat exchange component 1 in the above embodiment respectively sleeved on the two polarity terminals 21; wherein, the heat exchange component 1 in embodiment 2 is taken as an example for description.

[0069] The upper cover plate 22 is used to enclose the lower cover assembly and outer cylinder of the single cell 2 to form the outer shell of the single cell 2. In this embodiment, a first opening piece can also be provided on the upper cover plate 22, and the first opening piece is located between the two polarity terminals 21. Under the action of external force or electrolyte, the first opening piece can be separated from the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, and a through hole is formed in the upper cover plate 22 that penetrates the inner cavity of the outer shell. The first opening piece can adopt an existing structure, such as the first opening piece disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A.

[0070] The two polarity terminals 21 have opposite polarities and serve as the positive and negative polarity terminals 21 of the single battery 2, respectively. The present invention does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. As can be seen from the figure, the polarity terminal 21 of this embodiment is a cylinder. For example, unlike this embodiment, a cylinder with a rectangular cross-section can also be used as the polarity terminal 21 in some other embodiments.

[0071] An insulating member 23 is provided between the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover 22, and the polarity terminal 21 is insulated from the upper cover 22 by the insulating member 23. The insulating member 23 may be an annular insulating adhesive layer formed by pouring insulating adhesive between the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover 22, or an insulating rubber sleeve provided between the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover 22. The insulating member 23 may be made of the same insulating material used in conventional insulation between the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover 22. Furthermore, the connection method between the insulating member 23, the polarity terminal 21, and the upper cover 22 may also be based on conventional techniques and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0072] Combine Figures 4 to 6A heat exchange component 1 is sleeved on both polarity terminals 21, and the bottom inner wall of the hollow component 11 in the heat exchange component 1 and the outer wall of the insulating component 23 are sealed and fixed. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 12 in the heat exchange component 1 is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal 21. Part of the structure of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate 12, serving as the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21.

[0073] In this embodiment, the heat exchange component 1 is made of rubber, and the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component 11 and the insulating component 23 are bonded with insulating sealant to achieve sealing and fixation between the two; in addition, the heat exchange component 1 made of rubber has a certain elastic deformation, and the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 12 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 can be sealed by a tight fit. In some other embodiments, an annular sealing ring can be added between the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 12 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 to further improve the sealing between the two.

[0074] In some other embodiments, when the heat exchange component 1 is made of metal, the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component 11 and the insulating component 23 can also be bonded with insulating sealant to achieve sealing and fixation between the two; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 12 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 can be sealed by welding.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, unlike Example 3, this embodiment has a step structure 231 along the circumference of the outer wall of the insulating member 23; the bottom end face of the hollow member 11 in the heat exchange member 1 is sealed and fixed to the step surface of the insulating member 23. In this embodiment, the step surface not only supports the heat exchange member 1, but also achieves a sealed fixation between the bottom end of the hollow member 11 and the insulating member 23 in the radial direction of the hollow member 11 (insulating sealant can be applied to the step surface to achieve a sealed fixation between the bottom end of the hollow member 11 and the insulating member 23). In addition, the fixation of the bottom end face of the hollow member 11 to the step surface of the insulating member 23 can completely prevent the heat exchange member 1 from contacting the upper cover plate 22, and even if the heat exchange member 1 is made of metal, short circuits can be avoided.

[0077] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting rib 111 can also be set on the inner wall of the hollow component 11 along its axial direction; the bottom end of the limiting rib 111 is pressed against the top end surface of the insulating component 23, which can further improve the stability of the heat exchange component 1 on the polarity terminal 21.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] Combine Figures 5 to 9In this embodiment, two annular grooves 24 are formed on the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21. These grooves 24 are arranged along the height of the polarity terminal 21, and each groove 24 extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21. The two annular grooves 24 increase the heat exchange area of ​​this portion of the polarity terminal 21. When this portion is placed within the inner cavity of the heat exchange component 1, a better heat exchange effect can be achieved compared to a polarity terminal 21 with smooth sidewalls.

[0080] In some other embodiments, the number of the annular grooves 24 and their dimensions such as groove width and groove depth can be adjusted as required, specifically on the premise that the conductive performance of the polarity terminal 21 is not affected.

[0081] In some other embodiments, other structures may be processed on the polarity terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21. For ease of description, in the present invention, structures that can increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures may include point-shaped pits, protrusions, etc. located on the side walls of the polarity terminal 21; compared with the above-mentioned functional structures, the annular groove 24 structure of this embodiment is easy to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0082] Example 6

[0083] Different from Example 5, Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, a through hole 25 is provided on the polarity terminal 21 to pass through the polarity terminal 21, which serves as a functional structure to increase the heat exchange area between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange medium; Figure 10 As can be seen, in this embodiment, taking one via 25 as an example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the via 25 can be increased as much as possible without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, two or more vias 25 may be provided, specifically, without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21.

[0084] In this embodiment, the central axis of the through hole 25 is parallel to the plane of the upper cover plate 22. In other embodiments, the extension line of the central axis of the through hole 25 may have a certain angle with the upper cover plate 22, and the angle does not need to be equal to 90°.

[0085] In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, this embodiment can also set four dividing ribs 26 in the through hole 25. The four dividing ribs 26 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole 25, and each dividing rib 26 extends axially along the through hole 25; based on the four dividing ribs 26, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal 21 can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

[0086] In some other embodiments, the number and arrangement of the dividing ribs 26 may be adjusted according to the size of the through-holes 25 , without affecting the circulation of the heat exchange medium.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] This embodiment is a single cell battery, and its structure is as follows Figures 11 to 14 As shown, it includes an outer shell and an electrode assembly and electrolyte located inside the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly, and the upper cover assembly of Examples 3 to 6. The upper cover assembly of Example 5 is used as an example for explanation.

[0089] The lower cover assembly of this embodiment includes a lower cover plate 27. A second opening member 28 may also be provided on the lower cover plate 27. This second opening member 28 can be separated from the lower cover plate 27 by an external force or electrolyte, thereby forming a through hole 13 in the lower cover plate 27 that penetrates the inner cavity of the outer shell. The second opening member 28 may also be of an existing structure, such as the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, or the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A. The structure of the second opening member 28 may be the same as or different from that of the first opening member.

[0090] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, when a battery module is constructed using the single cells 2 of this embodiment, the heat exchange components 1 of each single cell 2 located on the same side can be connected to form two heat exchange channels on the top of the battery module. The two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series to achieve heat exchange of the battery module based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0091] It should be noted that the liquid inlet pipe 14 of one heat exchange component 1 and the liquid outlet pipe 15 of another heat exchange component 1 can be connected to each other to achieve communication between the two adjacent heat exchange components 1. The connecting pipe section 29 can also be used, such as Figure 16 As shown, the liquid inlet pipe 14 of one heat exchange component 1 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 15 of another heat exchange component 1 to achieve communication between the two adjacent heat exchange components 1.

[0092] The second opening piece 28 of the lower cover 27 of each single battery 2 can also be opened, and the inner cavity of all the single batteries 2 can be connected by a hollow member 11 to achieve electrolyte sharing, reduce the differences between the single batteries 2, and optimize the cycle performance of the battery module;

[0093] The first opening piece of the upper cover 22 of each single battery 2 can also be opened, and the inner cavities of all single batteries 2 can be connected using another hollow component 11 to achieve gas sharing and gas balance, thereby further optimizing the cycle performance of the battery module.

Claims

1. A heat exchange component, characterized in that: It includes a hollow component and an annular sealing plate; The inner diameter of the hollow member is larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal of the single cell. The inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow member is used to seal and fix with the outer wall of the insulating member provided on the polarity terminal of the single cell. Two through holes are provided on the side wall of the hollow member, serving as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet respectively. The annular sealing plate is coaxial with the hollow component and is fixed on the top of the hollow component. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate is used for sealing and fixing with the side wall of the polarity terminal of the single battery.

2. The heat exchange component according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both fixed on the side wall of the hollow component and are respectively connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet.

3. The heat exchange component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow component, the annular sealing plate, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are integrated into one piece and are all made of rubber.

4. The heat exchange component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A limiting rib is provided on the inner side wall of the hollow component along its axial direction. The lower end surface of the limiting rib is used to cooperate with the insulating component to limit the hollow component in the axial direction of the hollow component.

5. A cover assembly for a single battery, characterized in that: It comprises an upper cover plate, an insulating member, a polarity terminal and the heat exchange member according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The insulating component is sleeved on the polarity terminal, and the polarity terminal is insulated from the upper cover plate through the insulating component; The heat exchange component is sleeved on the polarity terminal, and the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow component of the heat exchange component and the outer side wall of the insulating component are sealed and fixed, and the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate of the heat exchange component is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal; the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate, and an annular cavity is formed between the heat exchange component and the polarity terminal, which serves as a heat exchange medium flow cavity.

6. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A step structure is provided on the outer side wall of the insulating component along its circumference; The bottom inner wall of the hollow component in the heat exchange component and the outer wall of the insulating component are sealed and fixed, and the bottom end surface of the hollow component in the heat exchange component is sealed and fixed on the step surface of the insulating component.

7. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the limiting rib of the hollow component is pressed against the upper end surface of the insulating component to limit the hollow component in the axial direction of the hollow component.

8. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure, which is used to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal.

9. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional structure is n annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

10. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional structure is at least one through hole provided on the polarity terminal, and the through hole penetrates the polarity terminal along the x direction.

11. The upper cover assembly for a single cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first package opening piece is also provided on the upper cover plate.

12. A single battery, characterized in that: The battery comprises an outer shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located therein; wherein the outer shell is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a cylinder and a lower cover assembly; and the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly for a single cell according to any one of claims 5 to 11.

13. The single cell according to claim 12, characterized in that: The lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second package opening piece arranged on the lower cover plate.

14. A battery module, characterized in that: The invention comprises the single cell according to claim 12 or 13; the heat exchange components of adjacent single cells are interconnected.

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