Lathe clamping mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lathe clamping mechanism, which relates to the technical field of lathe clamping devices and comprises a two-jaw chuck and an auxiliary clamping component. The auxiliary clamping assembly comprises a connecting unit, a clamping unit and a self-locking unit, the connecting unit is used for achieving connection and fixation of the clamping unit and the movable clamping jaw, the clamping unit is used for assisting the movable clamping jaw to achieve clamping and fixation of the special-shaped workpiece, and the self-locking unit is used for achieving self-locking and fixation of the clamping unit and the connecting unit. By arranging the auxiliary clamping assembly capable of conveniently replacing the special-shaped clamping blocks in different shapes, the clamping device can adapt to clamping and fixing of workpieces in different shapes, when the special-shaped clamping blocks need to be replaced, only the self-locking columns need to be manually pulled so that the self-locking columns can be unlocked from the self-locking holes, and then the I-shaped clamping bases are pulled out of the limiting rails, so that the special-shaped clamping blocks can be replaced conveniently. Compared with a traditional bolt connection mode, the special-shaped clamping block is easier to operate, higher in operation efficiency and more convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lathe clamping devices, in particular to a lathe clamping mechanism. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses a turning tool to perform turning processing on a rotating workpiece. The chuck is a mechanical device on a lathe used to clamp the workpiece. The chuck generally consists of three parts: a chuck body, a movable jaw, and a jaw drive mechanism. The radial movement of the movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body can achieve workpiece clamping and positioning.

[0003] Chucks can be divided into two categories based on the number of chuck jaws: two-jaw chuck, three-jaw chuck, four-jaw chuck, six-jaw chuck and special chuck. Among them, when clamping workpieces with irregular shapes by a two-jaw chuck, it is necessary to install a clamping plate of a corresponding shape on the movable jaw of the two-jaw chuck, and different clamping plates need to be replaced for workpieces with different shapes. The installation of the clamping plates is mostly fastened by multiple bolts. Although such an installation structure is simple to operate, in actual operation, the alignment of the bolt holes and the tightening of multiple bolts will still take up more working time, which is not conducive to work connection. In order to further improve the replacement efficiency of clamping plates of different shapes, a lathe clamping mechanism is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a lathe clamping mechanism in order to further improve the replacement efficiency of clamping plates with different shapes.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lathe clamping mechanism, comprising a two-jaw chuck consisting of a chuck body and a movable jaw, wherein the movable jaw is slidably mounted on one end of the chuck body, and an auxiliary clamping assembly is mounted on the movable jaw, wherein the auxiliary clamping assembly is used to cooperate with the two-jaw chuck to clamp a special-shaped workpiece;

[0006] The auxiliary clamping assembly includes a connecting unit, a clamping unit, and a self-locking unit. The connecting unit is used to connect and fix the clamping unit with the movable claw. The clamping unit is used to assist the movable claw in clamping and fixing the special-shaped workpiece. The self-locking unit is used to achieve self-locking fixation between the clamping unit and the connecting unit.

[0007] The connecting unit includes an L-shaped fixing plate and a limiting rail, wherein the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate is fixed to one end of the movable claw by a bolt, and the limiting rail is fixed to the bottom end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate;

[0008] The clamping unit includes an I-shaped clamping seat and a special-shaped clamping block, wherein the special-shaped clamping block is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the I-shaped clamping seat, and the top horizontal portion of the I-shaped clamping seat is inserted into the inner side of the limiting track;

[0009] Special-shaped clamping blocks of different shapes are used to achieve clamping operations on workpieces with different shapes.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the self-locking unit includes a self-locking hole, a self-locking column, a limit block, and a compression spring;

[0011] The self-locking hole is formed at the top of the transverse portion of the L-shaped fixing plate and extends through to the bottom of the transverse portion;

[0012] The self-locking column is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the I-shaped card seat and passes through the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped card seat. The limit block is fixed to the outer side of the self-locking column and distributed on the inner side of the I-shaped card seat. The compression spring is sleeved on the outer side of the self-locking column and is located between the bottom end of the limit block and the inner bottom of the I-shaped card seat.

[0013] The limit block and the compression spring are used to realize the downward movement and contraction of the self-locking column, so that the I-shaped card holder can be inserted into the inner side of the limit track. The self-locking column is moved upward through the self-locking hole to realize the mutual fixation of the I-shaped card holder and the L-shaped fixing plate.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the self-locking unit further includes an anti-loosening block and a receiving groove;

[0015] The receiving groove is formed at the bottom end of the special-shaped clamping block, the anti-loosening block is fixed to the bottom end of the self-locking column and is clamped to the inner side of the receiving groove, and the bottom track of the anti-loosening block and the bottom track of the special-shaped clamping block as a whole match the shape of the workpiece;

[0016] When the special-shaped clamping block is attached to the surface of the workpiece, the anti-loosening block is synchronously limited to realize the limitation of the self-locking column.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the width and thickness of the top horizontal part of the I-shaped holder respectively match the inner wall width and height of the limiting track, and the I-shaped holder is provided with a through hole for the vertical lifting of the self-locking column, and the outer diameter of the self-locking column matches the inner diameter of the self-locking hole and the through hole.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the number of the special-shaped clamping blocks is greater than or equal to two, and the horizontal distribution positions of the plurality of special-shaped clamping blocks are set according to the shape of the workpiece.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the self-locking units are symmetrically arranged in two groups, and the position of a special-shaped clamping block farthest from the chuck body in the auxiliary clamping assemblies of different models is fixed and corresponds to the position of one group of self-locking units.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] By setting up an auxiliary clamping component that can easily replace special-shaped clamps of different shapes, it can adapt to the clamping and fixation of workpieces of different shapes. When the special-shaped clamp needs to be replaced, you only need to manually pull the self-locking column to unlock it from the self-locking hole, then pull the I-shaped holder out of the limit track, and then install the new special-shaped clamp. Compared with the traditional bolt connection method, it is not only easier to operate, but also more efficient and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the auxiliary clamping assembly and the movable claw of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the auxiliary clamping assembly of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the auxiliary clamping assembly of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a sectional and exploded view of the I-shaped card holder of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Two-jaw chuck; 101. Chuck body; 102. Movable jaw; 2. Auxiliary clamping assembly; 201. L-shaped fixing plate; 202. Limiting rail; 203. Self-locking hole; 204. I-shaped clamping seat; 205. Special-shaped clamping block; 206. Self-locking column; 207. Limiting block; 208. Compression spring; 209. Anti-loosening block; 210. Through hole; 211. Storage groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a lathe clamping mechanism includes a two-jaw chuck 1 consisting of a chuck body 101 and a movable jaw 102. The movable jaw 102 is slidably mounted on one end of the chuck body 101. An auxiliary clamping assembly 2 is mounted on the movable jaw 102. The auxiliary clamping assembly 2 is used to cooperate with the two-jaw chuck 1 to clamp a special-shaped workpiece.

[0030] The auxiliary clamping assembly 2 includes a connecting unit, a clamping unit, and a self-locking unit. The connecting unit is used to connect and fix the clamping unit to the movable claw 102. The clamping unit is used to assist the movable claw 102 in clamping and fixing the special-shaped workpiece. The self-locking unit is used to achieve self-locking fixation between the clamping unit and the connecting unit.

[0031] The connecting unit includes an L-shaped fixing plate 201 and a limiting rail 202. The vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 201 is fixed to one end of the movable claw 102 by bolts, and the limiting rail 202 is fixed to the bottom end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 201.

[0032] The clamping unit includes an I-shaped holder 204 and a special-shaped clamping block 205. The special-shaped clamping block 205 is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the I-shaped holder 204. The top horizontal portion of the I-shaped holder 204 is inserted into the inner side of the limiting track 202.

[0033] The special-shaped clamping blocks 205 of different shapes are used to achieve clamping operations for workpieces of different shapes;

[0034] The self-locking unit includes a self-locking hole 203, a self-locking column 206, a limit block 207, and a compression spring 208;

[0035] The self-locking hole 203 is formed at the top of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 201 and extends through to the bottom of the horizontal portion;

[0036] The self-locking column 206 is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the I-shaped holder 204 and passes through the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped holder 204. The limiting block 207 is fixed to the outer side of the self-locking column 206 and is distributed on the inner side of the I-shaped holder 204. The compression spring 208 is sleeved on the outer side of the self-locking column 206 and is located between the bottom end of the limiting block 207 and the inner bottom of the I-shaped holder 204.

[0037] The limit block 207 cooperates with the compression spring 208 to realize the downward movement and contraction of the self-locking column 206, so that the I-shaped card holder 204 can be inserted into the inner side of the limit track 202. The self-locking column 206 moves upward to pass through the self-locking hole 203 to achieve the mutual fixation between the I-shaped card holder 204 and the L-shaped fixing plate 201;

[0038] The self-locking unit also includes an anti-loosening block 209 and a receiving groove 211. The receiving groove 211 is formed at the bottom end of the special-shaped clamping block 205. The anti-loosening block 209 is fixed to the bottom end of the self-locking column 206 and is clamped to the inner side of the receiving groove 211. The bottom track of the anti-loosening block 209 and the bottom track of the special-shaped clamping block 205 match the shape of the workpiece.

[0039] When the special-shaped clamping block 205 is attached to the surface of the workpiece, the anti-loosening block 209 is synchronously limited, so as to realize the limitation of the self-locking column 206 .

[0040] In this embodiment, it should be noted that when the two-jaw chuck 1 is in use, its chuck body 101 is connected to the output end of the rotation drive assembly on the lathe, and a jaw driving mechanism for driving the movable jaw 102 to move radially is provided inside the chuck body 101. Since this structure is an existing structure, it is not described in detail.

[0041] When processing a special-shaped workpiece, it is necessary to install the auxiliary clamping assembly 2 on the movable jaw 102. The operation steps are as follows:

[0042] First, connect and fix the L-shaped fixing plate 201 to the movable clamping claw 102 with bolts, then take out the special-shaped clamping block 205 corresponding to the shape of the workpiece to be processed, and then align the I-shaped clamping seat 204 on the top of the special-shaped clamping block 205 with the limiting track 202 and insert it;

[0043] During this process, the self-locking column 206 can be manually pulled to retract into the inside of the I-shaped card holder 204 so that it does not interfere with the insertion operation of the I-shaped card holder 204. When the I-shaped card holder 204 is fully inserted into the limiting track 202, the position of the self-locking column 206 is aligned with the self-locking hole 203. At this time, the self-locking column 206 is released and reset under the elastic force of the compression spring 208. The self-locking column 206 is locked and passes through the self-locking hole 203, thereby achieving the installation and fixation of the special-shaped clamping block 205 (it should be noted that the compression spring 208 is always in a compressed state, so there is always a thrust on the self-locking column 206);

[0044] When the special-shaped clamping block 205 is installed, its anti-loosening block 209 is received in the receiving groove 211;

[0045] Then, the movable clamping jaws 102 are driven to move closer to each other by the clamping jaw driving mechanism in the clamping plate 101, and the movable clamping jaws 102 drive the two sets of special-shaped clamping blocks 205 to move closer to each other to achieve the clamping of the special-shaped workpiece. At this time, the anti-loosening block 209 is limited by the special-shaped workpiece, and then the self-locking column 206 cannot be extended or moved, so that the special-shaped clamping block 205 can maintain a stable fixed state during the processing;

[0046] When another special-shaped workpiece needs to be processed and the special-shaped clamping block 205 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to manually pull the self-locking column 206 to unlock it from the self-locking hole 203, and then pull the I-shaped holder 204 out of the limiting track 202, and then install the new special-shaped clamping block 205. Compared with the traditional bolt connection method, the operation is not only easier, but also more efficient and convenient.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5The width and thickness of the top horizontal part of the I-shaped holder 204 match the inner wall width and height of the limiting track 202 respectively. The I-shaped holder 204 is provided with a through hole 210 for the vertical lifting of the self-locking column 206. The outer diameter of the self-locking column 206 matches the inner diameter of the self-locking hole 203 and the through hole 210.

[0048] In this embodiment, this structure enables the entire auxiliary clamping assembly 2 to maintain a stable state during assembly, thereby ensuring processing stability.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the number of special-shaped clamping blocks 205 is greater than or equal to two, and the horizontal distribution positions of the multiple special-shaped clamping blocks 205 are set according to the shape of the workpiece;

[0050] Two groups of self-locking units are symmetrically arranged. The position of the special-shaped clamping block 205 farthest from the chuck body 101 in the auxiliary clamping components 2 of different models is fixed and corresponds to the position of one group of self-locking units.

[0051] In this embodiment, the position of a special-shaped clamping block 205 is fixed so that during processing, the self-locking pins 206 in at least one group of self-locking units are limited, thereby ensuring structural stability.

[0052] While ensuring that the position of one special-shaped clamping block 205 is fixed, the positions of other special-shaped clamping blocks 205 can be set according to the specific conditions of the workpiece shape, thereby better achieving stable clamping of the workpiece.

[0053] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lathe clamping mechanism, comprising a two-jaw chuck (1) consisting of a chuck body (101) and a movable jaw (102), wherein the movable jaw (102) is slidably mounted on one end of the chuck body (101), characterized in that: An auxiliary clamping assembly (2) is installed on the movable clamping jaw (102), and the auxiliary clamping assembly (2) is used to cooperate with the two-jaw chuck (1) to perform a clamping operation on a special-shaped workpiece; The auxiliary clamping assembly (2) comprises a connecting unit, a clamping unit, and a self-locking unit. The connecting unit is used to realize the connection and fixation between the clamping unit and the movable clamping claw (102). The clamping unit is used to assist the movable clamping claw (102) in realizing the clamping and fixation of the special-shaped workpiece. The self-locking unit is used to realize the self-locking fixation between the clamping unit and the connecting unit. The connecting unit comprises an L-shaped fixing plate (201) and a limiting rail (202), wherein the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate (201) is fixed to one end of the movable claw (102) by means of a bolt, and the limiting rail (202) is fixed to the bottom end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate (201); The clamping unit comprises an I-shaped clamping seat (204) and a special-shaped clamping block (205), wherein the special-shaped clamping block (205) is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the I-shaped clamping seat (204), and the top horizontal portion of the I-shaped clamping seat (204) is inserted into the inner side of the limiting track (202); Special-shaped clamping blocks (205) of different shapes are used to achieve clamping operations for workpieces of different shapes.

2. A lathe clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking unit comprises a self-locking hole (203), a self-locking column (206), a limit block (207), and a compression spring (208); The self-locking hole (203) is opened at the top of the transverse portion of the L-shaped fixing plate (201) and penetrates to the bottom of the transverse portion; The self-locking column (206) is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the I-shaped card seat (204) and passes through the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped card seat (204); the limiting block (207) is fixed to the outer side of the self-locking column (206) and distributed on the inner side of the I-shaped card seat (204); the compression spring (208) is sleeved on the outer side of the self-locking column (206) and is located between the bottom end of the limiting block (207) and the inner bottom of the I-shaped card seat (204); The limiting block (207) cooperates with the compression spring (208) to realize the downward movement and contraction of the self-locking column (206), so that the I-shaped card seat (204) can be inserted into the inner side of the limiting track (202). The self-locking column (206) moves upward to pass through the self-locking hole (203) to realize the mutual fixation of the I-shaped card seat (204) and the L-shaped fixing plate (201).

3. A lathe clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking unit further includes an anti-loosening block (209) and a receiving groove (211); The receiving groove (211) is opened at the bottom end of the special-shaped clamping block (205), the anti-loosening block (209) is fixed to the bottom end of the self-locking column (206) and is clamped to the inner side of the receiving groove (211), and the bottom track of the anti-loosening block (209) and the bottom track of the special-shaped clamping block (205) match the shape of the workpiece as a whole; When the special-shaped clamping block (205) is attached to the surface of the workpiece, the anti-loosening block (209) is synchronously limited, so as to realize the limiting of the self-locking column (206).

4. A lathe clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width and thickness of the top transverse portion of the I-shaped holder (204) respectively match the width and height of the inner wall of the limiting track (202); the I-shaped holder (204) is provided with a through hole (210) for the self-locking column (206) to be vertically raised and lowered; the outer diameter of the self-locking column (206) matches the inner diameter of the self-locking hole (203) and the through hole (210).

5. The lathe clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the special-shaped clamping blocks (205) is greater than or equal to two, and the horizontal distribution positions of the plurality of special-shaped clamping blocks (205) are set according to the shape of the workpiece.

6. The lathe clamping mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-locking units are symmetrically arranged in two groups, and the position of a special-shaped clamping block (205) farthest from the chuck body (101) in the auxiliary clamping assembly (2) of different models is fixed and corresponds to the position of one group of self-locking units.

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