VCU controller and control system for electric motorcycle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a VCU controller and a control system for an electric motorcycle, the VCU controller comprises a housing, the housing is provided with a 72V power interface, a 12V power interface, a 12V ground interface and a plurality of enabling interfaces, and the housing is internally provided with a VCU chip and a relay assembly. The control system comprises a 72V power supply, a 12V power supply, a VCU controller, a BMS and an MCU, the power supply end of the 72V power supply is electrically connected with the 72V power supply interface, the power supply end of the 12V power supply is electrically connected with the 12V power supply interface, the grounding end of the 12V power supply is connected with the 12V grounding interface, the relay assembly comprises a first relay and a second relay, a switch part of the first relay is electrically connected with the power supply input end of the BMS, and a switch part of the second relay is electrically connected with the power supply input end of the BMS. And the switch part of the second relay is electrically connected with the power input end of the MCU. By adopting the technical scheme of high and low voltage isolation, the breakdown failure caused by high voltage injection into the VCU controller can be reduced, so that the VCU controller not only can meet the function realization, but also can well protect the safety of the circuit of the VCU controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric motorcycles, in particular to a VCU controller and a control system for electric motorcycles. Background Art

[0002] The VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) for electric motorcycles is the core component of the vehicle's control system. The VCU controller determines the driver's driving intention by collecting signals from the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, gear position, and other signals. It then analyzes and calculates information fed back by related components, sends control commands to each controller via the CAN bus and hardwired cables, and provides the driver with key vehicle status information via the instrument cluster. The VCU also monitors the status of the vehicle and its components in real time while the vehicle is in operation, and handles faults accordingly to ensure the safety of the vehicle and driver.

[0003] In the existing control scheme of electric motorcycles, the VCU controller is responsible for controlling high-voltage components, such as the battery management system BMS, motor controller MCU, etc., as well as low-voltage components, such as turn signals, instruments, horns, etc. This requires the existing VCU controller to be connected to both the 72V high-voltage ground and the 12V low-voltage ground. There is no isolation designed between the high and low voltages of the VCU controller. As a low-voltage component, in order to meet the normal operation of the 72V high voltage, the VCU controller often needs to improve the voltage resistance and insulation design requirements of the VCU controller. At the same time, the VCU controller also faces the problem of breakdown failure caused by high-voltage injection during operation. In addition, when the low-voltage device of the VCU controller in the existing technology shorts out, the VCU controller will fail to work, affecting the riding of the entire vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a VCU controller and control system for electric motorcycles that reduces the breakdown failure that may be caused by high voltage injection into the VCU controller and improves the safety of use.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A VCU controller for an electric motorcycle includes a shell, which is provided with a 72V power interface, a 12V power interface, a 12V ground interface and multiple enable interfaces. A VCU chip and a relay assembly are provided in the shell. The 72V power interface is used to connect to the power end of an external 72V power supply, the 12V power interface is used to connect to the power end of an external 12V power supply, and the 12V ground interface is used to connect to the ground end of an external 12V power supply. The 12V power interface and the 12V ground interface are respectively electrically connected to the VCU chip via wires to provide a 12V power supply to the VCU chip. The relay assembly includes multiple relays, the electromagnetic part of the relay is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the two ends of the switch part of the relay are respectively electrically connected to the 72V power interface and the corresponding enable interface.

[0007] The working principle of this solution is as follows: the VUC controller of this solution adopts a high and low voltage isolation solution, in which the VCU controller uses a 12V power supply and is connected to the reference ground of the 12V power supply. The 12V power supply and the 72V power supply are independent grounds, and the reference ground of the 72V power supply is not connected to the VCU controller. Therefore, the VCU controller of this solution is a low-voltage component powered by a 12V power supply. There is no need to consider the withstand voltage insulation impact brought by the 72V power supply, reducing the breakdown failure caused by high voltage injection into the VCU controller.

[0008] In addition, this solution has the function of controlling the 72V power enable output. In order to take into account the control output of the 72V voltage signal and not connect to the 72V power reference ground, a relay control scheme is adopted. Only the power end of the 72V power supply is connected to the VCU controller, and the VCU chip is used to control the closing and opening of the relay, thereby indirectly controlling the on and off of the 72V power enable. Therefore, the voltage signal of the 72V power supply does not pass through the control circuit of the VCU chip; the enable output of the 72V power supply is controlled by the relay. Since there is no reference ground, the 72V power supply connected to the VCU controller is equivalent to a wire, avoiding the influence of high voltage; therefore, this solution enables the VCU controller to meet the function implementation and well protect the safety of its own circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the shell is further provided with a plurality of switch interfaces, and the shell is further provided with a switch assembly, the switch assembly including a plurality of switches, one end of each switch is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the other end of the switch is electrically connected to the corresponding switch interface through a wire.

[0010] A control system for an electric motorcycle includes a 72V power supply, a 12V power supply, a VCU controller, a battery management system, and a motor controller. The power supply end of the 72V power supply is electrically connected to the 72V power supply interface, the power supply end of the 12V power supply is electrically connected to the 12V power supply interface, and the ground end of the 12V power supply is connected to the 12V ground interface. The relay assembly includes a first relay and a second relay. The switch portion of the first relay is electrically connected to the power input end of the battery management system, the ground end of the battery management system is connected to the ground end of the 72V power supply, the switch portion of the second relay is electrically connected to the power input end of the motor controller, and the ground end of the motor controller is connected to the ground end of the 72V power supply.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a turn signal, a horn and an instrument, and the switch assembly includes a first switch, a second switch and a third switch. The power supply end of the turn signal is connected to the first switch, the power supply end of the horn is connected to the second switch, the power supply end of the instrument is connected to the third switch, and the ground end of the turn signal, the ground end of the horn and the ground end of the instrument are all connected to the ground end of the 12V power supply.

[0012] This solution uses the independent control loop of the VCU controller to control the turn signal, horn and instrument, so that the system has the function of independently controlling the turn signal, horn and instrument. When a short circuit or other fault is detected in the turn signal, horn or instrument, the switch can be used to actively control this loop to disconnect, so as not to affect other functions of the VCU controller itself. This avoids the problem of the entire 12V system being paralyzed due to the short circuit failure of the components. When the turn signal, horn, instrument and other components fail due to a short circuit, the VCU controller can still maintain communication with the high-voltage system and enable control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Attachment Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the VCU controller for electric motorcycles of the utility model;

[0014] Attachment Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the control system diagnosis for the electric motorcycle of the utility model.

[0015] Description of the reference numerals: housing 1 , 72V power interface 2 , enable interface 3 , 12V power interface 4 , 12V ground interface 5 , switch interface 6 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent figures. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the figures, or the positions or relationships in which the utility model product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely for ease of description and simplification of the description of the utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply refers to a direction that is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not imply that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather may be slightly tilted. It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] In this specific embodiment, a VCU controller for an electric motorcycle is first provided. Figure 1As shown, it includes a shell 1, on which a 72V power interface 2, a 12V power interface 4, a 12V ground interface 5 and multiple enable interfaces 3 are provided. A VCU chip and a relay assembly are provided in the shell 1. The 72V power interface 2 is used to connect to the power end of an external 72V power supply, the 12V power interface 4 is used to connect to the power end of an external 12V power supply, and the 12V ground interface 5 is used to connect to the ground end of an external 12V power supply. The 12V power interface 4 and the 12V ground interface 5 are respectively electrically connected to the VCU chip through wires to provide a 12V power supply to the VCU chip. The relay assembly includes multiple relays (J1, J2), the electromagnetic part of the relay is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the two ends of the switch part of the relay are respectively electrically connected to the 72V power interface 2 and the corresponding enable interface 3, so that the VCU chip controls the electromagnetic part of the relay to open or close the corresponding switch part, thereby achieving the effect of enabling the output of the 72V power supply.

[0019] The working principle of this solution is as follows: the VUC controller of this solution adopts a high and low voltage isolation solution, in which the VCU controller uses a 12V power supply and is connected to the reference ground of the 12V power supply. The 12V power supply and the 72V power supply are independent grounds, and the reference ground of the 72V power supply is not connected to the VCU controller. Therefore, the VCU controller of this solution is a low-voltage component powered by a 12V power supply. There is no need to consider the withstand voltage insulation impact brought by the 72V power supply, reducing the breakdown failure caused by high voltage injection into the VCU controller.

[0020] In addition, this solution has the function of controlling the 72V power enable output. In order to take into account the control output of the 72V voltage signal and not connect to the 72V power reference ground, a relay control solution is adopted. Only the power end of the 72V power supply is connected to the VCU controller, and the VCU chip is used to control the closing and opening of the relay, thereby indirectly controlling the on and off of the 72V power enable. Therefore, the voltage signal of the 72V power supply does not pass through the control circuit of the VCU chip; the enable output of the 72V power supply is controlled by the relay. Since there is no reference ground, the 72V power supply connected to the VCU controller is equivalent to a wire, avoiding the influence of high voltage; therefore, this solution enables the VCU controller to meet the function realization and well protect the safety of its own circuit.

[0021] In this embodiment, the shell is further provided with multiple switch interfaces 6, and the shell is also provided with a switch assembly, which includes multiple switches (K1, K2, K3). One end of the switch is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the other end of the switch is electrically connected to the corresponding switch interface 6 through a wire.

[0022] In addition, this specific embodiment also provides a control system for an electric motorcycle, as shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, it includes a 72V power supply, a 12V power supply, a VCU controller, a battery management system BMS and a motor controller MCU. The power supply end (72V+) of the 72V power supply is electrically connected to the 72V power supply interface, the power supply end (12V+) of the 12V power supply is electrically connected to the 12V power supply interface, and the ground end (12V GND) of the 12V power supply is connected to the 12V ground interface. The relay assembly includes a first relay J1 and a second relay J2. The switch part of the first relay J1 is electrically connected to the power input end of the battery management system BMS, the ground end of the battery management system BMS is connected to the ground end (72V GND) of the 72V power supply, the switch part of the second relay J2 is electrically connected to the power input end of the motor controller MCU, and the ground end of the motor controller MCU is connected to the ground end of the 72V power supply. In this way, when the VCU chip controls the electromagnetic part of the first relay J1 to be energized, the switch part of the first relay J1 is turned on, and the VCU controller enables the output of 72V power to power the battery management system. Similarly, when the VCU chip controls the electromagnetic part of the second relay J2 to be energized, the switch part of the second relay J2 is turned on, and the VCU controller enables the output of 72V power to power the motor controller.

[0023] In this embodiment, the system further includes a turn signal, a horn, and an instrument. The switch assembly includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3. The power supply terminal of the turn signal is connected to the first switch K1, the power supply terminal of the horn is connected to the second switch K2, and the power supply terminal of the instrument is connected to the third switch K3. The ground terminals of the turn signal, the horn, and the instrument are all connected to the ground terminal of the 12V power supply.

[0024] This solution uses the independent control loop of the VCU controller to control the turn signal, horn and instrument, so that the system has the function of independently controlling the turn signal, horn and instrument. When a short circuit or other fault is detected in the turn signal, horn or instrument, the switch can be used to actively control this loop to disconnect, so as not to affect other functions of the VCU controller itself. This avoids the problem of the entire 12V system being paralyzed due to the short circuit failure of the components. When the turn signal, horn, instrument and other components fail due to a short circuit, the VCU controller can still maintain communication with the high-voltage system and enable control.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that those modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A VCU controller for an electric motorcycle, characterized in that: It includes a shell, which is provided with a 72V power interface, a 12V power interface, a 12V ground interface and multiple enable interfaces. A VCU chip and a relay assembly are provided in the shell. The 72V power interface is used to connect to the power end of an external 72V power supply, the 12V power interface is used to connect to the power end of an external 12V power supply, and the 12V ground interface is used to connect to the ground end of an external 12V power supply. The 12V power interface and the 12V ground interface are respectively electrically connected to the VCU chip through wires to provide a 12V power supply to the VCU chip. The relay assembly includes multiple relays, the electromagnetic part of the relay is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the two ends of the switch part of the relay are respectively electrically connected to the 72V power interface and the corresponding enable interface.

2. The VCU controller for electric motorcycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with multiple switch interfaces, and the shell is also provided with a switch assembly, which includes multiple switches. One end of each switch is electrically connected to the VCU chip, and the other end of the switch is electrically connected to the corresponding switch interface through a wire.

3. A control system for an electric motorcycle, characterized in that: It includes a 72V power supply, a 12V power supply, a VCU controller, a battery management system and a motor controller. The power supply end of the 72V power supply is electrically connected to the 72V power supply interface, the power supply end of the 12V power supply is electrically connected to the 12V power supply interface, and the ground end of the 12V power supply is connected to the 12V ground interface. The relay assembly includes a first relay and a second relay. The switch part of the first relay is electrically connected to the power input end of the battery management system, the ground end of the battery management system is connected to the ground end of the 72V power supply, the switch part of the second relay is electrically connected to the power input end of the motor controller, and the ground end of the motor controller is connected to the ground end of the 72V power supply.

4. The control system for an electric motorcycle according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a turn signal, a horn and an instrument. The switch assembly includes a first switch, a second switch and a third switch. The power supply end of the turn signal is connected to the first switch, the power supply end of the horn is connected to the second switch, the power supply end of the instrument is connected to the third switch, and the ground end of the turn signal, the ground end of the horn and the ground end of the instrument are all connected to the ground end of the 12V power supply.

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