Down-hole hammer
By introducing a combined structure of a buffer ring and a limiting component into the down-the-hole hammer, the problem of damage to the retaining ring due to impact energy is solved, and the durability of the retaining ring and the stability of the drill are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423134148.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-18
AI Technical Summary
The retaining ring of the existing down-the-hole hammer is easily damaged by the impact energy when the drill is lifted, which shortens its service life.
A down-the-hole impactor is designed, which adopts a combined structure of a buffer ring and a limiting component. The buffer ring is made of polyethylene, polystyrene or polyurethane. When the limiting component contacts the retaining ring when the drill is lifted, the buffer ring absorbs the impact energy and reduces damage to the retaining ring.
It effectively reduces the damage to the retaining ring, avoids the phenomenon of empty hitting when lifting the drill, and extends the service life of the retaining ring.
Smart Images
Figure CN223374330U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of down-the-hole drilling tools, and in particular relates to a down-the-hole impactor. Background Art
[0002] A down-the-hole hammer is a rock drilling tool. During the drilling process, the hammer is always at the bottom of the hole. High-pressure air is introduced into the hammer. The high-pressure gas pushes the piston to reciprocate inside the hammer, hitting the drill bit, which can cause the drill bit to break the rock.
[0003] When the down-the-hole hammer is working, if the drill is stuck or slag is blown at the bottom of the hole, the hammer needs to be lifted; when the hammer is lifted, the drill bit falls; under the push of high-pressure gas, the piston moves downward and finally abuts on the drill bit; at this time, the high-pressure gas can be discharged from the channel in the middle of the piston, so that the piston remains in abutment against the drill bit.
[0004] In the prior art, a retaining ring is provided in the down-the-hole impactor to limit the lowest position of the drill bit; the retaining ring is made of rock drilling tool steel, so that when the drill is lifted, the retaining ring at the inner end of the drill bit abuts against the retaining ring; the impact energy generated when the piston contacts the drill bit acts on the retaining ring, which can easily damage the retaining ring and affect its service life. Utility Model Content
[0005] An embodiment of the utility model provides a down-the-hole impactor, which aims to reduce the problem of damage to a retaining ring due to impact.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0007] A down-the-hole impactor is provided, comprising:
[0008] The outer sleeve has an inner wall with an air passage, one end of the air passage is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form an air inlet; the other end of the air passage is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form an air outlet;
[0009] A piston is slidably disposed within the outer sleeve; the piston includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the end of the small diameter section being an impact end, a front cavity being formed between the small diameter section and the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve, and a rear cavity being formed between the end of the large diameter section and the outer sleeve; wherein the outer peripheral wall of the large diameter section of the piston has a concave surface, and a middle cavity is formed between the concave surface and the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve; the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve has a concave cavity at the connection position between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, and the diameter of the concave cavity is larger than the diameter of the large diameter section;
[0010] A guide sleeve connected to the interior of the outer sleeve; the guide sleeve is capable of contacting the outer side wall of the small diameter section;
[0011] A retaining ring is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve and is sleeved on the drill bit; wherein the retaining ring includes a buffer ring body and rock drilling tool steel rings connected to both ends of the buffer ring body; a limiting component is connected to the drill rod of the drill bit, and when the drill is lifted, the limiting component can contact the retaining ring.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the material of the buffer ring includes one or more of polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyurethane.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the buffer ring body includes a plurality of springs arranged along the circumference, and both ends of each spring are connected to the rock drilling tool steel ring at a corresponding position.
[0014] In one possible implementation, each rock drilling tool steel ring has a sleeve corresponding to a spring, and the end of the spring is plugged into the sleeve; wherein, the sleeve has a pin hole, and a pin shaft is provided in the pin hole of the sleeve, the pin shaft crosses the sleeve, and the pin shaft is located in the spring gap.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the down-the-hole impactor also includes a front joint, the drill bit is plugged into the front joint, and the drill bit can slide inside the front joint; the front joint is threadedly engaged with the outer sleeve, and the retaining ring is arranged between the front joint and the guide sleeve; the front joint and the guide sleeve are respectively abutted against the rock drilling tool steel rings at both ends of the retaining ring.
[0016] In a possible implementation, a gas distribution seat is further provided inside the outer sleeve, and a rear cavity is formed between the gas distribution seat, the end of the large-diameter section of the piston, and the outer sleeve;
[0017] During the rock drilling process, the gas outlet of the gas passage is located in the middle cavity; after the drill is lifted, the gas outlet of the gas passage is located in the rear cavity.
[0018] In a possible implementation, exhaust holes are provided in the interior of the piston and the interior of the drill bit, and the exhaust holes are axially arranged through holes.
[0019] In one possible implementation, the drill bit end of the drill bit is located outside the outer sleeve, the drill rod of the drill bit is located inside the outer sleeve, and the limiting component is provided on the drill rod;
[0020] The limiting component includes a limiting ring connected to the drill rod; when the drill is lifted, the limiting ring can contact the retaining ring.
[0021] In a possible implementation, the outer peripheral wall of the limiting ring has a threaded hole, and the drill rod also has a threaded hole; the threaded hole on the limiting ring is aligned with the threaded hole on the drill bit;
[0022] Wherein, when the limiting ring is connected to the drill rod, the limiting ring and the drill rod are fixed by bolts.
[0023] The utility model provides a down-the-hole impactor. Compared with the prior art, during normal rock drilling, the drill rod is completely located inside the outer sleeve, and the limiting component is separated from the retaining ring; the piston reciprocates and hammers the drill rod under the action of high-pressure gas, so that the drill bit can impact the rock and complete the rock drilling operation; when the drill needs to be lifted, the drill bit moves downward relative to the outer sleeve under the action of its own gravity, and finally makes the limiting component contact with the retaining ring; the piston also moves downward relative to the outer sleeve under the combined action of its own gravity and high-pressure gas, so that the air outlet is located in the rear cavity position, and at this time one end of the piston abuts against the drill bit, the piston will not slide back and forth, and the situation of empty drilling when the drill is lifted can be avoided; by designing the retaining ring as a structure of a rock drilling tool steel ring and a buffer ring body, when the limiting component impacts the retaining ring, the buffer ring body on the retaining ring can play a buffering role, thereby reducing the damage to the retaining ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a down-the-hole impactor provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a gas distribution seat portion of a down-the-hole impactor provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a down-the-hole hammer after the drill is lifted, provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a retaining ring portion of a down-the-hole impactor provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0028] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. outer sleeve; 11. air passage; 12. air inlet; 13. air outlet; 14. front cavity; 15. rear cavity; 16. middle cavity; 17. concave cavity; 2. piston; 21. large diameter section; 22. small diameter section; 23. concave surface; 24. exhaust hole; 3. guide sleeve; 4. retaining ring; 41. rock drilling tool steel ring; 42. spring; 43. sleeve; 44. pin; 5. drill bit; 51. drill rod; 52. drill bit; 53. limiting ring; 6. front joint; 61. step surface; 7. gas distribution seat; 71. air inlet chamber; 72. plug-in part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0030] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 4Now, a down-the-hole impactor provided by the present invention is described. The down-the-hole impactor comprises an outer sleeve 1, a piston 2, a guide sleeve 3 and a retaining ring 4; the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 has an air passage 11, one end of the air passage 11 is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 to form an air inlet 12; the other end of the air passage 11 is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 to form an air outlet 13; the piston 2 is slidably arranged in the outer sleeve 1; the piston 2 comprises a large diameter section 21 and a small diameter section 22, the end of the small diameter section 22 is an impact end, a front cavity 14 is formed between the small diameter section 22 and the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 1, and a rear cavity 15 is formed between the end of the large diameter section 21 and the outer sleeve 1; wherein, the outer wall of the large diameter section 21 of the piston 2 The peripheral wall has a concave surface 23, and a middle cavity 16 is formed between the concave surface 23 and the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 1; the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve 1 has a concave cavity 17 at the connection position of the large diameter section 21 and the small diameter section 22, and the diameter of the concave cavity 17 is larger than the diameter of the large diameter section 21; the guide sleeve 3 is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve 1; the guide sleeve 3 can contact the outer side wall of the small diameter section 22; the retaining ring 4 is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve 1, and the retaining ring 4 is sleeved on the drill bit 5; wherein, the retaining ring 4 includes a buffer ring body and a rock drilling tool steel ring 41 connected to both ends of the buffer ring body; a limiting component is connected to the drill rod of the drill bit 5, and when the drill is lifted, the limiting component can contact the retaining ring 4.
[0031] The utility model provides a down-the-hole impactor. Compared with the prior art, during normal rock drilling, the drill rod 51 is completely located inside the outer sleeve 1, and the limiting component is separated from the retaining ring 4; the piston 2 reciprocatingly hammers the drill rod 51 under the action of high-pressure gas, which can make the drill bit 52 impact the rock and complete the rock drilling operation; when it is necessary to lift the drill, the drill bit 5 moves downward relative to the outer sleeve 1 under the action of its own gravity, and finally makes the limiting component contact with the retaining ring 4; the piston 2 also moves downward relative to the outer sleeve 1 under the combined action of its own gravity and high-pressure gas, which can make the air outlet 13 located in the rear cavity 15 position, and at this time one end of the piston 2 abuts on the drill bit 5, and the piston 2 will not slide back and forth, which can avoid the situation of empty drilling when lifting the drill; by designing the retaining ring 4 as a structure of a rock drilling tool steel ring 41 and a buffer ring body, when the limiting component impacts the retaining ring 4, the buffer ring body on the retaining ring 4 can play a buffering role, thereby reducing the damage of the retaining ring 4.
[0032] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the down-the-hole hammer also includes a front joint 6, and the drill rod 51 part of the drill bit 5 is plugged into the front joint 6, and the drill rod 51 can slide in the front joint 6; the front joint 6 is threadedly matched with the outer sleeve 1, and the retaining ring 4 is arranged between the front joint 6 and the guide sleeve 3; the front joint 6 and the guide sleeve 3 respectively abut against the rock drilling tool steel rings 41 at both ends of the retaining ring 4.
[0033] It should be noted that after the retaining ring 4 is placed in the outer sleeve 1, one end of the retaining ring 4 is in contact with one end of the guide sleeve 3; the front joint 6 has a step surface 61, and during the process of the front joint 6 being screwed into the outer sleeve 1, when the step surface 61 contacts the end of the outer sleeve 1, the front joint 6 is installed in place, and at this time, the inner end of the front joint 6 contacts the other end of the retaining ring 4; through the cooperation of the front joint 6 and the guide sleeve 3, the retaining ring 4 can be axially limited.
[0034] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a gas distribution seat 7 is further provided inside the outer sleeve 1, and a rear cavity 15 is formed between the gas distribution seat 7, the end of the large diameter section 21 of the piston 2 and the outer sleeve 1; wherein, during the rock drilling process, the gas outlet 13 of the gas channel 11 is located in the middle cavity 16; after the drill is lifted, the gas outlet 13 of the gas channel 11 is located in the rear cavity 15.
[0035] It should be noted that an air inlet chamber 71 is formed between the gas distribution seat 7 and the outer sleeve 1. The air inlet 12 of the air passage 11 is located within the air inlet chamber 71. When pressurized gas is introduced into the air inlet chamber 71, it can pass through the air passage 11 and enter the central cavity 16. When the drill is lifted, the piston 2 and the drill bit 5 both move downward relative to the outer sleeve 1. Therefore, the air outlet 13 of the air passage 11 is located within the rear cavity 15. After the pressurized gas enters the rear cavity 15, it can keep the piston 2 pressed against the drill bit 5, reducing the possibility of the piston 2 reciprocating and hammering the drill bit 5 after the drill is lifted.
[0036] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the interior of the piston 2 and the interior of the drill bit 5 are both provided with an exhaust hole 24, which is an axially arranged through-hole. The drill bit 52 end of the drill bit 5 is located outside the outer sleeve 1, and the drill rod 51 of the drill bit 5 is located inside the outer sleeve 1. A limiting component is provided on the drill rod 51. The limiting component includes a limiting ring 53, which is connected to the drill rod 51. When the drill is lifted, the limiting ring 53 can contact the retaining ring 4. The outer peripheral wall of the limiting ring 53 has a threaded hole, and the drill rod 51 also has a threaded hole. The threaded hole on the limiting ring 53 is aligned with the threaded hole on the drill bit 5. When the limiting ring 53 is connected to the drill rod 51, the limiting ring 53 and the drill rod 51 are fixed by bolts. The gas distribution seat 7 has a plug-in portion 72 that plugs into the exhaust hole 24 of the piston 2.
[0037] It should be noted that by arranging mutually aligned exhaust holes 24 inside the drill bit 5 and the piston 2, after the drill is lifted, the air outlet 13 of the air passage 11 is located at the rear cavity 15. After the pressurized gas enters the rear cavity 15, the pressurized gas will be discharged from the exhaust holes 24 of the piston 2 and the drill bit 5, which can achieve the purpose of cleaning the broken rock at the bottom of the hole.
[0038] Working principle: During normal rock drilling, the drill rod 51 of the drill bit 5 is completely located in the outer sleeve 1, and the drill bit 52 end of the drill bit 5 is in contact with the end of the front joint 6; at this time, no matter how the piston 2 slides in the outer sleeve 1, the air outlet 13 of the air passage 11 is always located in the middle cavity 16.
[0039] If the initial state is that the small-diameter section 22 of the piston 2 is plugged into the guide sleeve 3, the front chamber 14 is connected to the middle chamber 16, and the gas in the front chamber 14 cannot be discharged from the exhaust hole 24 in the middle of the drill bit 5; when pressurized gas is introduced into the middle chamber 16, the pressurized gas in the middle chamber 16 can enter the front chamber 14; at this time, the plug-in portion 72 of the rear chamber 15 is separated from the exhaust hole 24 of the piston 2, so the rear chamber 15 is at normal pressure; under the action of the pressurized gas, the piston 2 moves toward the rear chamber 15; in the process of the piston 2 moving toward the rear chamber 15, the plug-in portion 72 on the gas distribution seat 7 can be plugged into and matched with the exhaust hole 24 on the piston 2, so the piston 2 will compress the gas in the rear chamber 15.
[0040] During the movement of the piston 2 toward the rear chamber 15, the middle chamber 16 is first closed and the front chamber 14 is then opened. At this time, the front chamber 14 is connected to the exhaust hole 24 of the drill bit 5, and the pressurized gas in the front chamber 14 can be discharged from the exhaust hole 24, and the pressure in the front chamber 14 drops to normal pressure.
[0041] The piston 2 then moves toward the drill bit 5. During this movement, the small-diameter section 22 of the piston 2 first engages with the guide sleeve 3 to seal the front chamber 14. The middle chamber 16 then opens, connecting the middle chamber 16 with the front chamber 14, and the pressurized gas in the middle chamber 16 enters the front chamber 14. Repeating this process allows the piston 2 to reciprocate within the outer sleeve 1, thereby causing the piston 2 to reciprocate and impact the drill bit 5.
[0042] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the material of the buffer ring includes one or more of polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyurethane.
[0043] It should be noted that the buffer ring is not limited to the above three materials, and the material of the buffer ring can also be other existing materials with buffering properties. When the drill bit 5 falls and hits the retaining ring 4, the buffer ring can absorb most of the energy and play a buffering role, thereby reducing the damage to the retaining ring 4.
[0044] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the buffer ring body includes a plurality of springs 42 arranged along the circumferential direction, and both ends of each spring 42 are connected to the corresponding position of the rock drilling tool steel ring 41; each rock drilling tool steel ring 41 has a sleeve 43 corresponding to the spring 42, and the end of the spring 42 is plugged into the sleeve 43; wherein, the sleeve 43 has a pin hole, and a pin shaft 44 is provided in the pin hole of the sleeve 43, and the pin shaft 44 crosses the sleeve 43 and is located in the gap of the spring 42.
[0045] It should be noted that the buffer ring between the two rock drilling tool steel rings 41 can also be a plurality of springs 42 arranged circumferentially. When the drill bit 5 impacts the rock drilling tool steel ring 41, the deformation of the springs 42 can absorb the impact energy, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the rock drilling tool steel ring 41. When assembling the rock drilling tool steel ring 41 and the springs 42, the springs 42 are sleeved within the sleeves 43 of the rock drilling tool steel ring 41. The springs 42 are then plugged into the sleeves 43 via the pins 44, and the pins 44 are positioned within the gaps in the springs 42. This allows the springs 42 and rock drilling tool steel ring 41 to be axially limited. This arrangement facilitates the assembly of the springs 42 and rock drilling tool steel ring 41.
[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A down-the-hole impactor, characterized in that: include: The outer sleeve has an inner wall with an air passage, one end of the air passage is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form an air inlet; the other end of the air passage is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve to form an air outlet; A piston is slidably disposed within the outer sleeve; the piston includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the end of the small diameter section being an impact end, a front cavity being formed between the small diameter section and the outer peripheral wall of the outer sleeve, and a rear cavity being formed between the end of the large diameter section and the outer sleeve; wherein the outer peripheral wall of the large diameter section of the piston has a concave surface, and a middle cavity is formed between the concave surface and the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve; the inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve has a concave cavity at the connection position between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, and the diameter of the concave cavity is larger than the diameter of the large diameter section; A guide sleeve connected to the interior of the outer sleeve; the guide sleeve is capable of contacting the outer side wall of the small diameter section; A retaining ring is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve and is sleeved on the drill bit; wherein the retaining ring includes a buffer ring body and rock drilling tool steel rings connected to both ends of the buffer ring body; a limiting component is connected to the drill rod of the drill bit, and when the drill is lifted, the limiting component can contact the retaining ring.
2. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the buffer ring includes one or more of polyethylene, polystyrene and polyurethane.
3. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer ring body comprises a plurality of springs arranged along the circumference, and both ends of each spring are connected to the rock drilling tool steel ring at the corresponding position.
4. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each rock drilling tool steel ring has a sleeve corresponding to a spring, and the end of the spring is plugged into the sleeve; wherein, the sleeve has a pin hole, and a pin shaft is provided in the pin hole of the sleeve, the pin shaft crosses the sleeve, and the pin shaft is located in the spring gap.
5. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The down-the-hole impactor also includes a front joint, the drill bit is plugged into the front joint, and the drill bit can slide inside the front joint; the front joint is threaded with the outer sleeve, and the retaining ring is arranged between the front joint and the guide sleeve; the front joint and the guide sleeve are respectively abutted against the rock drilling tool steel rings at both ends of the retaining ring.
6. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas distribution seat is also provided inside the outer sleeve, and a rear cavity is formed between the gas distribution seat, the end of the large diameter section of the piston and the outer sleeve; During the rock drilling process, the gas outlet of the gas passage is located in the middle cavity; after the drill is lifted, the gas outlet of the gas passage is located in the rear cavity.
7. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The interior of the piston and the interior of the drill bit are both provided with exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes are through holes arranged axially.
8. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit end of the drill bit is located outside the outer sleeve, the drill rod of the drill bit is located inside the outer sleeve, and the limiting component is arranged on the drill rod; The limiting component includes a limiting ring connected to the drill rod; when the drill is lifted, the limiting ring can contact the retaining ring.
9. A down-the-hole impactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall of the limiting ring has a threaded hole, and the drill rod also has a threaded hole; the threaded hole on the limiting ring is aligned with the threaded hole on the drill bit; Wherein, when the limiting ring is connected to the drill rod, the limiting ring and the drill rod are fixed by bolts.