Biomass fuel through-flow boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass fuel through-flow boiler which comprises a boiler body and a spiral heat exchange assembly. The furnace body is provided with a feeding port, a smoke outlet pipe and an air inlet, and a fire grate mechanism communicating with the air inlet is installed under the feeding port. The spiral heat exchange assembly is installed in the boiler body, a high-temperature steam outlet is formed in the top of the spiral heat exchange assembly, a water inlet is formed in the bottom of the spiral heat exchange assembly, and the spiral heat exchange assembly and the boiler body are matched to form a spiral flue gas channel. By adopting the spiral heat exchange assembly, the boiler can more effectively utilize high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion, and the residence time of the flue gas in the boiler is prolonged due to the design of the spiral flue gas channel, so that the contact time and the contact area of the flue gas and the heat exchange assembly are increased, the heat transfer from the flue gas to the spiral heat exchange assembly is facilitated, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, it is ensured that heat released in the combustion process of biomass fuel can be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the fuel is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of through-flow boilers, in particular to a biomass fuel through-flow boiler. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel is a fuel made from processed biomass materials, typically agricultural and forestry waste such as crop straw, wood chips, bagasse, and rice husks. This fuel can be converted into a variety of forms, including solid biomass pellets and briquettes, liquid biodiesel and bioethanol, and gaseous biogas. As a renewable energy source, biomass fuel has the following main uses and applications: It can be used as fuel in industrial boilers, replacing traditional non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, thereby reducing pollutant emissions.

[0003] Solid biomass fuel is usually burned in fixed grates, such as the commonly used small fixed grate industrial boilers. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of existing small fixed grate industrial boilers stays in the furnace for a short time, and the heat exchange surface area of ​​the boiler's water-cooled wall is not fully utilized due to structural reasons, resulting in large heat losses in the exhaust gas, and a large amount of unburned fuel falls from the gaps in the fixed grate, causing waste of biomass fuel. Therefore, the existing small fixed grate industrial boilers need to be upgraded and improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of traditional small fixed grate boilers, which have poor heat exchange effect and waste of heat and biomass fuel due to structural reasons, the utility model provides a boiler structure that can make full use of the heat exchange area and effectively reduce the waste of biomass fuel and heat.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A biomass fuel through-flow boiler comprises a furnace body and a spiral heat exchange assembly; a feed port is provided at the top of the furnace body, a smoke outlet pipe is provided on one side of the furnace body, an air inlet is provided on the other side, and a grate mechanism is installed on the bottom surface directly below the feed port, the grate mechanism is connected to the air inlet; the spiral heat exchange assembly is installed in the furnace body, a high-temperature steam outlet connected to the outside of the furnace body is provided at the top of the spiral heat exchange assembly, a water inlet connected to the outside of the furnace body is provided at the bottom, and the spiral heat exchange assembly cooperates with the furnace body to form a spiral flue gas channel, wherein the middle of the spiral flue gas channel is a spiral starting point, the spiral starting point surrounds the grate mechanism in the middle, and the end of the spiral flue gas channel is connected to the smoke outlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral heat exchange assembly includes an upper water tank, a lower water tank, and a plurality of heat exchange pipes. The upper water tank and the lower water tank are both annular box structures, wherein each heat exchange pipe is connected to the upper water tank at its upper end and to the lower water tank at its lower end. The upper water tank is fixedly mounted above the interior of the furnace body, and the lower water tank is fixedly mounted below the interior of the furnace body. The high-temperature steam outlet is provided on the upper water tank, and the water inlet is provided on the lower water tank. During use, water enters the lower water tank through the water inlet on the lower water tank and is then distributed to the heat exchange pipes connected to the lower water tank. During the process of flowing through the heat exchange pipes, the cooling water exchanges heat with the high-temperature environment within the furnace body, thereby being heated and evaporated to form high-temperature steam, which flows out from the high-temperature steam outlet of the upper water tank. The upper and lower water tanks are both annular in structure. This design makes the entire heat exchange assembly more compact and occupies less space, thereby increasing the volumetric heat load within the boiler combustion chamber and making the entire combustion chamber appear elongated, suitable for high-volatile fuels such as biomass, and suitable for boiler rooms with limited space. The upper water tank is located above the furnace body and the lower water tank is located below. This layout helps to form a natural water circulation in the boiler and ensures reliable cooling of the heat exchange system even without an external pump.

[0008] Furthermore, a water level gauge is connected between the upper water tank and the lower water tank, and the water level gauge (5) can be used to conveniently observe water level fluctuations. The water level gauge allows the staff to visually observe the water level fluctuations between the upper water tank and the lower water tank, thereby preventing the heating surface of the furnace from drying out due to lack of water in the water tank, making it convenient to use and extending the service life of the device.

[0009] Furthermore, fins are connected between each pair of heat exchange tubes to increase the heat exchange area. The fins increase the heat exchange area and transfer heat to the heat exchange tubes after heat exchange, increasing the heating speed of the heat exchange tubes, allowing the water inside to evaporate quickly and improving the heat exchange effect of the furnace.

[0010] Furthermore, a water pump is installed at the end of the water inlet, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water outlet pipe of the factory water treatment equipment. The water pump can ensure that water flows into the spiral heat exchange component at a stable flow rate and pressure, thereby continuously and stably supplying water to the spiral heat exchange component.

[0011] Furthermore, the grate mechanism includes a grate mechanism and an igniter; the grate mechanism is positioned directly below the feed port of the furnace body, and the igniter is mounted on the bottom of the grate, which is also connected to the air inlet. During use, the igniter is turned on and ignites the biomass fuel on the grate, causing it to burn and release heat. The simple structure and the connection between the grate and the air inlet ensure that sufficient air is contained within the furnace during combustion, thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency of the furnace body.

[0012] Furthermore, an external steam separator is installed at the high-temperature steam outlet. The separator's air inlet is connected to the high-temperature steam outlet, while its air outlet is connected to the factory's steam-consuming equipment pipelines. The separator separates the discharged high-temperature steam, separating the steam-water mixture. High-temperature saturated steam enters the factory's steam-consuming equipment pipelines, while water flows back into the lower annular water tank. The separator effectively removes moisture from the steam, increasing its dryness and providing high-quality saturated steam to the factory's steam-consuming equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the furnace body is provided with a pipe connected to the spiral channel inside the furnace body, and a switch is also provided on the pipe. The other end of the pipe is connected to the factory's compressed air pipeline or vacuum pump, and the gas is sent into the spiral channel through the pipe. The air entering the pipe is used to blow away the dust accumulated on the surface of the heating surface tube; when in use, the switch is turned on, and air enters the spiral channel, blowing away the dust inside the spiral channel, which can remove the dust adsorbed inside the spiral pipe; by regularly blowing away the dust accumulated inside the spiral channel with gas, the problem of reduced heat conduction efficiency caused by dust accumulation can be reduced, which helps to maintain the optimal heat transfer state of the equipment, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency and overall production efficiency; at the same time, removing the dust adsorbed inside the spiral pipe can avoid problems such as poor heat transfer caused by long-term dust accumulation, which helps to extend the service life of the furnace body and its related components.

[0014] Furthermore, a feed hopper is fixedly installed at the feed port, and a switch is provided at the end of the feed hopper. When the biomass fuel is delivered to the feed hopper, the feed amount can be controlled by controlling the switch during use, thereby facilitating the feed control of the biomass fuel.

[0015] The use method of this utility model:

[0016] The high-temperature steam outlet of the spiral heat exchange component is connected to the pipeline of the factory's steam-using equipment, and the water inlet is connected to the water outlet pipeline of the factory's water treatment equipment; when the cross-flow boiler is in use, water is first added to the spiral heat exchange pipe through the water inlet pipeline, and then the biomass fuel is added to the furnace body through the feed port. The biomass fuel falls above the grate mechanism, and the igniter is turned on to ignite the biomass fuel; the biomass fuel burns and releases heat, and the high-temperature flue gas generated during the combustion process flows along the spiral flue gas channel; during the flow of high-temperature flue gas, the circulating water indirectly exchanges heat with the flue gas through the spiral heat exchange component and is finally discharged from the flue pipe; at the same time, the water medium in the spiral heat exchange component is heated and evaporated to form high-temperature steam, which leaves the boiler along the outlet of the upper water tank and enters the pipeline of the factory's steam-using equipment for use by the steam-using equipment.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The utility model adopts a spiral heat exchange component, which increases the contact area. The water medium can more effectively receive the heat of the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion. The spiral flue gas channel design prolongs the residence time of the flue gas inside the boiler, thereby increasing the heating time of the water medium, helping to improve the heat transfer from the flue gas to the spiral heat exchange component, and improving the heat exchange effect of the entire boiler; the improved boiler ensures that the heat released by the biomass fuel during the combustion process can be more fully utilized by designing a more effective heating structure, which can not only improve the utilization rate of fuel, but also reduce energy waste caused by incomplete combustion, and reduce operating costs and environmental impact.

[0019] 2. The upper water tank and the lower water tank of the utility model both adopt an annular structure. This design is compact and occupies little space while effectively increasing the volumetric heat load of the furnace. The upper water tank is located above the inside of the furnace body, and the lower water tank is located below, which helps to form a natural water circulation, ensuring reliable cooling of the heating surface and stable operation of the system. The water level gauge can observe the water level between the upper water tank and the lower water tank to avoid dry burning of the heating surface due to lack of water. The fins increase the heat exchange area, improve the heating speed of the heat exchange water pipe, and enhance the sealing of the boiler body. The water pump can ensure that water flows into the spiral heat exchange component at a stable flow rate and pressure, and can stably supply water to the spiral heat exchange component.

[0020] 3. The steam-water separator of this utility model can effectively remove moisture from steam and improve the dryness of steam, thereby providing high-quality saturated steam for the factory's steam-using equipment; the separated water is recovered and returned to the lower water tank, reducing the loss of external steam and water and avoiding heat waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of a biomass fuel through-flow boiler of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the main structural section of a biomass fuel through-flow boiler.

[0023] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a top view of the cross-sectional structure of a biomass fuel through-flow boiler.

[0024] Figure ID:

[0025] Furnace body—1, smoke exhaust pipe—11, air inlet—12, spiral heat exchanger—2, high-temperature steam outlet—21, water inlet—22, upper water tank—23, lower water tank—24, heating surface water pipe—25, grate mechanism—3, grate—31, igniter—32, water level gauge—5, water pump—6, steam-water separator—7, pipeline—8, switch—9, feed hopper—10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1: A biomass fuel through-flow boiler comprises a furnace body 1 and a spiral heat exchange assembly 2; a feed port is provided at the top of the furnace body 1, a smoke outlet pipe 11 is provided on one side of the furnace body 1, an air inlet 12 is provided on the other side, and a grate mechanism 3 is installed on the bottom surface just below the feed port, and the grate mechanism 3 is connected to the air inlet 12; the spiral heat exchange assembly 2 is installed in the furnace body 1, a high-temperature steam outlet 21 connected to the outside of the furnace body 1 is provided at the top of the spiral heat exchange assembly 2, and a water inlet 22 connected to the outside of the furnace body 1 is provided at the bottom, and the spiral heat exchange assembly 2 cooperates with the furnace body 1 to form a spiral channel, wherein the middle of the spiral channel is the spiral starting point, the spiral starting point surrounds the grate mechanism 3 in the middle, and the end of the spiral channel is connected to the smoke outlet pipe.

[0028] The high-temperature steam outlet 21 of the spiral heat exchange component 2 is connected to the steam equipment pipeline of the factory, and the water inlet 22 is connected to the water outlet pipeline of the water treatment device of the factory; when the cross-flow boiler is in use, water is first added to the spiral heat exchange pipe through the water inlet pipeline, and then the biomass fuel is added to the furnace body 1 through the feed port, and the biomass fuel falls above the grate mechanism 3. The grate mechanism 3 is opened and the biomass fuel is ignited; the biomass fuel burns and releases heat, and the high-temperature flue gas generated during the combustion process flows along the spiral flue gas channel; during the flow of high-temperature flue gas, the water medium contacts the spiral heat exchange component 2 for heat exchange, and finally the flue gas flows to the smoke outlet pipe 11 and is discharged outward; at the same time, in the spiral heat exchange component 2, the water medium is heated and evaporated to form high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam leaves the boiler along the high-temperature steam outlet 21 and enters the steam equipment pipeline of the factory, which is convenient for the use of the steam equipment.

[0029] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that the spiral heat exchange component 2 includes an upper water tank 23, a lower water tank 24 and a plurality of hot water exchange pipes 25. The upper water tank 23 and the lower water tank 24 are both annular box structures, wherein the upper end of each hot water exchange pipe 25 is connected to the upper water tank 23, and the lower end is connected to the lower water tank 24; the upper water tank 23 is fixedly installed above the inside of the furnace body 1, and the lower water tank 24 is fixedly installed below the inside of the furnace body 1, wherein the high-temperature steam outlet 21 is arranged on the upper water tank 23, and the water inlet 22 is arranged on the lower water tank 24. During use, water enters the lower water tank 24 from the water inlet 22 on the lower water tank 24, and the entered water is then distributed to the various heated surface water pipes 25 connected to the lower water tank 24. In the process of flowing in the heated surface water pipes 25, the cooling water exchanges heat with the high-temperature environment in the furnace body 1, thereby evaporating due to heat and gathering into high-temperature steam, which flows out from the high-temperature steam outlet 21 of the upper water tank 23; both the upper water tank 23 and the lower water tank 24 adopt an annular structure. This design makes the entire heat exchange component more compact, and the furnace volume heat load is high, which is suitable for installation in boiler rooms with limited space. The upper water tank 23 is located above the inside of the furnace body 1, and the lower water tank 24 is located below. This layout helps to form a natural water circulation, that is, even without an external pump, it can ensure reliable cooling and stable operation of the heating surface system.

[0030] A water pump 6 is also installed at the end of the water inlet 22. The water inlet end of the water pump 6 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the factory water treatment device, and the water outlet end is connected to the water inlet 22. By using the water pump 6, it is possible to ensure that water flows into the spiral heat exchange component 2 at a stable flow rate and pressure, thereby continuously and stably supplying water to the spiral heat exchange component 2.

[0031] The grate mechanism 3 includes a grate 31 and an igniter 32. The grate 31 is positioned directly below the feed port of the furnace body 1, with the igniter 32 mounted at the bottom of the grate 31. The bottom of the grate 31 is also connected to the air inlet 12. During operation, the igniter 32 is turned on and ignites the biomass fuel on the grate 31, causing it to burn and release heat. The simple structure and the connection between the grate 31 and the air inlet 12 ensure sufficient air is contained within the grate during combustion, thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency of the furnace body 1.

[0032] Example 3: This differs from Example 2 in that a water level gauge 5 is connected between the upper water tank 23 and the lower water tank 24. This gauge 5 facilitates monitoring of water level fluctuations. This gauge allows operators to visually observe the water level between the upper and lower water tanks 23 and 24, preventing the heating surface water pipes 25 within the furnace body 1 from drying out due to a lack of water in the water tanks. This makes the system convenient and safe to use.

[0033] Fins are connected between each pair of heating surface water pipes 25 to increase the heat exchange area. The fins increase the heat exchange area and transfer heat to the heating surface water pipes 25 after heat exchange, increasing the heating speed of the heating surface water pipes 25 and allowing the water inside to evaporate quickly, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the furnace body 1 and ensuring tightness.

[0034] The top of the furnace body 1 is also provided with a pipe 8 that connects to the spiral flue gas passage inside the furnace body 1. The pipe 8 is also provided with a switch 9. The other end of the pipe 8 is connected to the factory's compressed air pipeline or vacuum pump, and the gas is sent into the spiral passage through the pipe. The air entering the pipe 8 is used to blow away the dust accumulated on the surface of the heating surface tube. When in use, the switch 9 is turned on, and the gas enters the spiral flue gas passage, blowing away the dust inside the spiral flue gas passage, which can remove the dust adsorbed inside the spiral pipe 8. By regularly using gas to blow away the dust accumulated inside the spiral passage, the problem of reduced heat conduction efficiency caused by dust accumulation can be reduced, which helps to maintain the optimal heat transfer state of the equipment, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency and overall production efficiency. At the same time, removing the dust adsorbed inside the spiral pipe 8 can avoid problems such as blockage or local overheating caused by long-term accumulation, reduce the frequency of complex repairs, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime, and help extend the service life of the furnace body 1 and its related components.

[0035] Example 4: Differing from Example 1, an external steam separator 7 is installed at the high-temperature steam outlet 21. The air inlet of the steam separator 7 is connected to the high-temperature steam outlet 21, and the air outlet is connected to the factory's steam-consuming equipment pipeline. The steam separator 7 separates the high-temperature steam, with the high-temperature saturated steam entering the factory's steam-consuming equipment pipeline, while the water flows back into the lower water tank 24. The steam separator 7 effectively removes moisture from the steam, increasing its dryness and providing high-quality saturated steam to the factory's steam-consuming equipment. The separated water is recovered and reused, reducing steam and water losses in the pipeline, avoiding heat waste, and helping to improve the thermal efficiency of the overall system.

[0036] A feed hopper 10 is fixedly installed at the feed port, and a switch 9 is provided at the end of the feed hopper 10. The biomass fuel is directly put into the feed hopper 10, and the feed amount can be controlled by controlling the switch 9 during use, which facilitates the feed control of the biomass fuel.

[0037] In the specification of the present invention, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel through-flow boiler, characterized by: The invention comprises a furnace body (1) and a spiral heat exchange component (2); the furnace body (1) is provided with a feed port on the top, a smoke outlet pipe (11) on one side of the furnace body (1), and an air inlet (12) on the other side, and a grate mechanism (3) is installed on the bottom surface just below the feed port, and the grate mechanism (3) is connected to the air inlet (12); the spiral heat exchange component (2) is installed in the furnace body (1), the top of the spiral heat exchange component (2) is provided with a high-temperature steam outlet (21) connected to the outside of the furnace body (1), and the bottom is provided with a water inlet (22) connected to the outside of the furnace body (1), and the spiral heat exchange component (2) cooperates with the furnace body (1) to form a spiral channel for smoke circulation, wherein the middle of the spiral channel is the spiral starting point, the spiral starting point wraps the grate mechanism (3) in the middle, and the end of the spiral channel is connected to the smoke outlet pipe.

2. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral heat exchange assembly (2) includes an upper water tank (23), a lower water tank (24) and a plurality of heated surface water pipes (25), wherein the upper water tank (23) and the lower water tank (24) are both annular box structures, wherein the upper end of each heat exchange water pipe (25) is connected to the upper water tank (23) and the lower end is connected to the lower water tank (24); the upper water tank (23) is fixedly installed above the interior of the furnace body (1), and the lower water tank (24) is fixedly installed below the interior of the furnace body (1), wherein the high-temperature steam outlet (21) is arranged on the upper water tank (23), and the water inlet (22) is arranged on the lower water tank (24).

3. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water level gauge (5) is connected between the upper water tank (23) and the lower water tank (24), and the water level gauge (5) can conveniently observe water level fluctuations.

4. A biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: Fins are also connected between the two heat exchange water pipes (25), and the fins can increase the heat exchange area.

5. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water pump (6) is also installed at the end of the water inlet (22), and the water inlet end of the water pump (6) is connected to the water outlet pipeline of the factory water treatment equipment, and the water outlet end is connected to the water inlet (22).

6. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate mechanism (3) comprises a grate (31) and an igniter (32); the grate (31) is arranged directly below the feed port of the furnace body (1), the igniter (32) is installed at the bottom of the grate (31), and the bottom of the grate (31) is also connected to the air inlet (12).

7. A biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An external steam-water separator (7) is also installed at the high-temperature steam outlet (21), and the air inlet end of the steam-water separator (7) is connected to the high-temperature steam outlet (21), and the air outlet end is connected to the steam equipment pipeline of the factory.

8. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the furnace body (1) is also provided with a pipe (8) communicating with the spiral channel inside the furnace body (1), and a switch (9) is also provided on the pipe (8).

9. The biomass fuel through-flow boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed hopper (10) is fixedly installed at the feed inlet, and a switch (9) is provided at the end of the feed hopper (10).

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