Intelligent speed sensor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligent speed sensor in the technical field of sensors, which comprises a speed detection probe and a speed acquisition control board, and the speed detection probe comprises a probe shell and a self-detection function board; the self-detection function board comprises a magnetic flux detection chip used for detecting an external magnetic field and two Hall chips used for detecting the speed of external equipment. An external magnet used for triggering the Hall chip to collect data signals is arranged on the detected part in a matched manner; a miniature controllable electromagnet is arranged at the tail part of the probe shell and is used for realizing self-detection of a magnetic flux detection chip and a Hall chip in the probe shell; the speed acquisition control board comprises an analog quantity self-detection circuit and a pulse signal self-detection circuit. The speed sensor has a self-detection function, a self-calibration function, a data processing function, a two-way communication function and a digital quantity output function of the speed detection probe and the speed acquisition control panel, and can realize self-detection of a sensor system and remote uploading of speed detection signal data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of sensors, and in particular relates to an intelligent speed sensor. Background Art

[0002] A sensor is a component that converts changes in non-electrical quantities (such as speed and pressure) into electrical quantities. Depending on the non-electrical quantity they convert, they can be categorized as pressure sensors, speed sensors, and temperature sensors. They are components and accessories for measuring and controlling instruments and equipment. Speed ​​is defined as the increment of displacement per unit time, including linear and angular velocity. A speed sensor measures the speed of an object and converts it into an output signal. Accordingly, speed sensors are categorized as linear and angular. Based on their operating principles, common sensor types are divided into two main categories: photoelectric and magnetoelectric. Speed ​​sensors are typically used in conjunction with external devices (such as motors) and their drivers (such as inverters) to achieve closed-loop speed control. Currently, the most commonly used speed sensor is a reed switch (such as the GSH900 intrinsically safe mining speed sensor). This is a type of magnetoelectric sensor. When a magnet approaches the reed switch, its internal contacts close. When the magnet moves away from the reed switch, the internal contacts open, preventing the sensor from performing self-tests or uploading data. Current speed sensors cannot determine whether they have a problem before the external device is running. Instead, they can only confirm that there is a problem with the sensor after the external device is running and cannot collect data information. The self-detection function for early judgment cannot be realized, posing a great safety hazard to the operation of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] In response to the above situation, the utility model provides an intelligent speed sensor with a self-detection function of the sensor probe and acquisition circuit. It can make an advance judgment on whether there is a problem with the speed sensor before the equipment is operated, and can realize the output and upload function of the detection speed digital signal.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An intelligent speed sensor consists of two parts: a speed detection probe and a speed acquisition control board. The speed detection probe is electrically connected to the speed acquisition control board via a connecting cable. The speed detection probe includes a probe housing, a self-detection function board installed at the head of the probe housing, and a micro controllable electromagnet installed at the tail of the probe housing.

[0006] The self-detection function board includes a magnetic flux detection chip for detecting changes in the external magnetic field and two independent Hall chips, one main and one backup, for detecting the speed operation of external equipment, as well as a PCB board for carrying the magnetic flux detection chip and the Hall chip.

[0007] When the speed detection probe is installed on an external device that needs to perform speed detection, the head of the probe housing should face the detected part of the external device. The detected part needs to be equipped with an external magnet to trigger the Hall chip to collect data signals in order to calculate the speed of the external device; the micro-controllable electromagnet is mainly used to realize self-detection of the magnetic flux detection chip and the Hall chip inside the probe housing.

[0008] The speed acquisition control board includes a PCB board 2 and an analog self-detection circuit arranged thereon for judging whether the analog signal acquisition circuit is normal, and a pulse signal self-detection circuit for judging whether the pulse acquisition circuit is normal.

[0009] Furthermore, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a self-calibration module for online calibration of the analog acquisition data signal of the speed sensor; automatic calibration of the output speed can be achieved through parameter setting.

[0010] Furthermore, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a data processing module for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the analog acquisition data signal of the speed sensor; the speed acquisition control board collects the speed input data of the external device, and after processing it through internal verification, filtering, etc., the converted digital data is output to the external control terminal in different forms.

[0011] Furthermore, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a two-way communication module with a two-way communication function, which can not only collect the input data of the sensor, but also output the processed data to the external control terminal; at the same time, the speed acquisition control board can also receive information feedback from the external control terminal, and then adjust and control the correctness of the speed measurement data in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a digital output module, which can output the processed digital acquisition data signal to the external control terminal via RS485, Ethernet, CAN or wireless communication, and can also receive data information feedback from the external control terminal.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic flux detection chip includes a Hall sensor, a linear amplifier and a CMOS output stage circuit, and can respond proportionally to the magnetic flux density.

[0014] Preferably, the Hall chip can provide a variety of magnetic field thresholds, switching operating frequencies and packaging forms to meet the needs of various application scenarios.

[0015] Preferably, the pulse signal self-detection circuit includes a single-chip microcontroller, a PWM waveform output circuit, a pulse detection circuit, and an electronic switch. The speed acquisition control board needs to collect pulse input signals (signals input by the Hall effect chip) to calculate the device's operating speed. If a problem with the pulse acquisition circuit affects the sensor's speed calculation, a pulse self-detection circuit is required to determine whether the pulse acquisition circuit is functioning properly.

[0016] The data acquisition board needs to collect analog input signals (signals input by the magnetic flux detection chip) to determine whether the external magnet is normal. If there is a problem with the analog acquisition circuit, it will affect the judgment of the sensor status. Therefore, it is necessary to design an analog self-test circuit to determine whether the analog acquisition circuit is normal. This utility model provides the following two detection solutions:

[0017] In preferred embodiment 1, the analog self-detection circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer and an electronic switch. The single-chip microcomputer utilizes the built-in DAC analog output function to generate different test voltages at the DAC port, which are then introduced into the analog detection circuit via the electronic switch. The single-chip microcomputer then acquires the port voltage and determines whether it is the DAC port output voltage. If the acquired voltage is the DAC port output voltage, the analog acquisition circuit is normal; otherwise, the acquisition circuit is abnormal.

[0018] Preferred solution two, the analog self-detection circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer, an electronic switch and a voltage regulator chip, wherein the voltage regulator chip has the characteristic of outputting a standard 2.5V voltage, which can be detected by the electronic switch; during detection, the electronic switch introduces the output end of the voltage regulator chip into the analog detection circuit, and then uses the single-chip microcomputer to collect the port voltage to determine whether it is 2.5V; if the collected voltage is 2.5V, the analog acquisition circuit is normal, otherwise, the acquisition circuit is abnormal.

[0019] The present invention also includes other components that enable normal use, which are conventional means in the field. In addition, devices or components not limited in the present invention all adopt existing technologies in the field.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0021] The utility model provides an intelligent speed sensor with a self-detection function of two major components, a speed detection probe and a speed acquisition control board. Before the equipment is operated, it can make an advance judgment on whether there is a problem with the speed sensor, which helps to eliminate the safety hazards of the equipment in advance; and the speed sensor also has a self-calibration function, a data processing function, a two-way communication function and a digital output function, which can realize sensor system self-detection and remote uploading of speed detection signal data, thereby improving the intelligence level of the speed sensor and the speed detection accuracy, and laying a good foundation for the intelligent operation of the closed-loop control system composed of the motor-speed sensor-controller-inverter-motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the speed detection probe in the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the intelligent speed sensor in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the data processing module in the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments.

[0026] Example

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent speed sensor includes two major parts: a speed detection probe 1 and a speed acquisition control board 2. The speed detection probe is electrically connected to the speed acquisition control board via a connecting cable 3. The speed detection probe includes a probe housing 101, a self-detection function board installed at the head of the probe housing, and a micro controllable electromagnet 102 installed at the tail of the probe housing.

[0028] The self-test function board includes a magnetic flux detection chip for detecting changes in the external magnetic field and two independent Hall chips, one main and one backup, for detecting the speed operation of the external device, as well as a PCB board 1 for carrying the magnetic flux detection chip 103 and the Hall chip 104. The two signals enter the speed acquisition board at the same time, and the acquisition board collects and compares the two input data. When the two input signals are inconsistent, they are compared with the inverter operating frequency input by the external device (through communication, an external host such as a belt host transmits the real-time operating frequency of the inverter to the speed acquisition board) to determine the faulty device. At the same time, the faulty input signal is shielded and the data of the normal device is output.

[0029] Speed ​​sensors rely on changes in an external magnetic field to generate on / off signals. When the external magnetic field weakens or disappears, the Hall effect device inside the sensor will not function properly. Therefore, a magnetic flux detection chip is added to detect changes in the external magnetic field and determine whether the external magnetic field is normal. If problems with the external magnetic field occur, data collected from the magnetic flux detection chip can be used to detect and provide an alarm.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the sensor self-test is divided into two parts: one is the self-test of the data acquisition board acquisition circuit; the other is the self-test of the speed probe. After the sensor is powered on, the sensor can be self-tested to check whether all parts of the sensor are normal and to diagnose the faulty components.

[0031] When the speed detection probe is installed on an external device that needs to perform speed detection, the head of the probe housing should face the detected part of the external device. An external magnet 4 needs to be set on the detected part to trigger the Hall chip to collect data signals in order to calculate the speed of the external device; the micro-controllable electromagnet is mainly used to realize self-detection of the magnetic flux detection chip and the Hall chip inside the probe housing.

[0032] Regarding the self-detection of the Hall chip, the speed sensor mainly collects and outputs data through Hall components. When the Hall chip has problems or is damaged, data collection and output will be impossible.

[0033] As an external magnet approaches the chip, the analog signal output from the chip pin increases. As the magnet moves away from the chip, the analog signal output from the chip pin decreases. This method can be used to detect the strength of the external magnet's magnetic field and determine if there is a problem.

[0034] The speed acquisition control board includes a PCB board 2 and an analog self-detection circuit arranged thereon for judging whether the analog signal acquisition circuit is normal, and a pulse signal self-detection circuit for judging whether the pulse acquisition circuit is normal.

[0035] Specifically, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a self-calibration module for online calibration of the analog acquisition data signal of the speed sensor. The self-calibration module adopts existing technology and the specific settings are not repeated here. By setting parameters, automatic calibration of the output speed can be achieved.

[0036] Specifically, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a data processing module for performing analog-to-digital conversion processing on the analog acquisition data signal of the speed sensor. The data processing module adopts the existing technology and the specific setting is not repeated here. The speed acquisition control board collects the speed input data of the external device, and after processing it through internal verification, filtering, etc., the converted digital data is output to the external control terminal in different forms, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0037] Specifically, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a two-way communication module with a two-way communication function, which can not only collect the input data of the sensor, but also output the processed data to the external control terminal; at the same time, the speed acquisition control board can also receive information feedback from the external control terminal, and then adjust and control the correctness of the speed measurement data in real time.

[0038] Specifically, the speed acquisition control board is also provided with a digital output module, which can output the processed digital acquisition data signal to the external control terminal through RS485, Ethernet, CAN or wireless communication, and can also receive data information feedback from the external control terminal. The digital output module and the two-way communication module both adopt existing technologies, and the specific settings will not be repeated here.

[0039] Specifically, the magnetic flux detection chip contains a Hall sensor, a linear amplifier and a CMOS output stage circuit. It is a linear Hall effect sensor that can respond proportionally to the magnetic flux density and has high-speed, low-noise output characteristics.

[0040] Specifically, the Hall chip can provide a variety of magnetic field thresholds, switching operating frequencies and packaging forms to adapt to various applications, and is a low-power Hall switch sensor.

[0041] Specifically, the pulse signal self-detection circuit includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer 201, a PWM waveform output circuit 202, a pulse detection circuit 203, and an electronic switch 204. The speed acquisition control board needs to collect pulse input signals (signals input by the Hall chip) for calculating the operating speed of the device.

[0042] The design idea of ​​the pulse signal self-detection circuit is to use the microcontroller pin to output a fixed-frequency PWM waveform, and introduce the output waveform into the pulse acquisition circuit by controlling the electronic switch. The microcontroller then collects the input waveform frequency and determines whether the input frequency is consistent with the output frequency. If they are consistent, the pulse signal self-detection circuit can be considered normal; if not, the pulse signal self-detection circuit is considered abnormal.

[0043] The data acquisition board needs to collect analog input signals (the signals input by the magnetic flux detection chip) to determine whether the external magnet is normal. If there is a problem with the analog acquisition circuit, it will affect the judgment of the sensor status, so an analog self-test circuit is required.

[0044] As a specific implementation scheme of the present utility model, the analog self-detection circuit includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer and an electronic switch.

[0045] The DAC analog output function of the microcontroller is used to produce different test voltages at the DAC port, which are then introduced into the analog detection circuit through an electronic switch. The port voltage is then collected by the microcontroller to determine whether it is the DAC port output voltage. If the collected voltage is the DAC port output voltage, the analog acquisition circuit is normal; otherwise, the acquisition circuit is abnormal.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] As another specific embodiment of the present invention, the difference between it and Example 1 is mainly that:

[0048] The analog self-detection circuit includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, an electronic switch, and a voltage stabilizing chip 205 .

[0049] The voltage regulator chip has the characteristic of outputting a standard 2.5V voltage, which can be detected by an electronic switch. During the detection, the electronic switch introduces the output end of the voltage regulator chip into the analog detection circuit, and then uses the microcontroller to collect the port voltage to determine whether it is 2.5V. If the collected voltage is 2.5V, the analog acquisition circuit is normal, otherwise, the acquisition circuit is abnormal.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments, many modifications and changes are obvious to ordinary technicians in this technical field. Any technical deformation made within the spirit and principles of the present invention falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent speed sensor, comprising a speed detection probe and a speed acquisition control board electrically connected thereto, characterized in that: The speed detection probe includes a probe housing and a self-detection function board installed on the head of the probe housing; The self-detection function board includes a magnetic flux detection chip for detecting changes in the external magnetic field and two independent Hall chips for detecting the speed of external equipment, as well as a PCB board 1 for carrying the magnetic flux detection chip and the Hall chip; When the speed detection probe is installed, the head of the probe housing faces the detected part of the external device. The detected part is equipped with an external magnet for triggering the Hall chip to collect data signals. A micro-controllable electromagnet is set at the tail of the probe housing to realize self-detection of the magnetic flux detection chip and the Hall chip inside the probe housing. The speed acquisition control board includes a second PCB board, and an analog self-detection circuit for judging whether the analog signal acquisition circuit is normal and a pulse signal self-detection circuit for judging whether the pulse acquisition circuit is normal, which are arranged on the second PCB board.

2. The intelligent speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed acquisition control board is also provided with a self-calibration module for online calibration of the analog acquisition data signal of the speed sensor.

3. The intelligent speed sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The speed acquisition control board is also provided with a data processing module for performing analog-to-digital conversion processing on the analog quantity acquisition data signal of the speed sensor.

4. The intelligent speed sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed acquisition control board is also provided with a bidirectional communication module and a digital output module which can output the processed digital acquisition data signal to the external control terminal and can also receive information feedback from the external control terminal and regulate and control the data signal.

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