Hemodialysis device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hemodialysis device. The hemodialysis device is good in dialysis effect and capable of reducing the risk that a filter is blocked. A hemodialysis device includes a filter and a monitoring assembly. The filter comprises a shell and a plurality of fiber filtering bundles, the fiber filtering bundles are arranged in the shell at intervals, a dialysate outlet is formed in the wall of the shell, the shell comprises a top end and a bottom end which are opposite to each other in the axial direction of the shell, a blood inlet is formed in the top end, a blood outlet is formed in the bottom end, and the shell is of a transparent structure. The monitoring assembly comprises a first monitoring part and a second monitoring part, the first monitoring part is detachably arranged at the top end, the second monitoring part is detachably arranged at the bottom end, the first monitoring part is provided with a first hydraulic sensor used for monitoring the pressure of the blood inlet, and the second monitoring part is provided with a second hydraulic sensor used for monitoring the pressure of the blood outlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a hemodialysis device. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialysis (HD) is a renal replacement therapy for patients with acute and chronic renal failure. It involves draining blood from the body and passing it through a dialyzer composed of countless hollow fibers. The blood then exchanges substances with a solution containing electrolytes similar to those in the body (dialysate) through diffusion, ultrafiltration, adsorption, and convection within the fibers. This process removes metabolic waste, maintains electrolyte and acid-base balance, and simultaneously removes excess water. The purified blood is then returned to the body. This entire process is called hemodialysis. Hemodialysis requires a specialized hemodialysis device, the most important of which is the filter used to filter the blood during dialysis.

[0003] Currently, filter clogging is a common problem that can lead to reduced treatment effectiveness and even complications. Traditional methods rely mainly on regular visual inspections by medical staff, which makes it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and timely treatment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a hemodialysis device, which not only has a good dialysis effect but also can reduce the risk of filter clogging.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a hemodialysis device, including a filter and a monitoring component. The filter includes a shell and a plurality of fiber filter bundles, the plurality of fiber filter bundles are arranged in the shell at intervals, the wall of the shell is provided with a dialysate outlet, and along the axial direction of the shell, the shell includes a top end and a bottom end opposite to each other, the top end is formed with a blood inlet, and the bottom end is formed with a blood outlet, and the shell is a transparent structure. The monitoring component includes a first monitoring part and a second monitoring part, the first monitoring part is detachably arranged at the top end, and the second monitoring part is detachably arranged at the bottom end, the first monitoring part is provided with a first hydraulic sensor for monitoring the pressure of the blood inlet, and the second monitoring part is provided with a second hydraulic sensor for monitoring the pressure of the blood outlet.

[0007] In the above scheme, by arranging a number of mutually spaced fiber filter bundles in the filter shell, on the one hand, the contact surface between blood and dialysate can be increased to increase the dialysis area; on the other hand, due to the spacing between the fiber filter bundles, the risk of dialysis failure caused by thrombosis can be effectively reduced; at the same time, by arranging a monitoring component that is detachable from the filter, it is possible to judge whether the filter is blocked by the pressure difference change trend between the blood inlet and the blood outlet, and by setting the shell as a transparent structure, it is possible to effectively observe the internal situation of the filter to judge whether the filter is at risk of blockage, so that the filter can be replaced or maintained in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis and improving the problem of structural damage to the filter due to long-term blockage, resulting in a short service life of the filter.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first monitoring unit includes a first shell and a first pipe, the first shell is detachably connected to the top end, the first pipe is connected to the blood inlet, and the first pipe is used to connect the blood inlet to the arterial blood circulation catheter, and the first hydraulic sensor is arranged in the first pipe.

[0009] In the above solution, the first monitoring part includes a first shell and a first pipe, so as to monitor the pressure of blood flowing through the blood inlet while connecting the filter and the arterial blood circulation catheter.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second monitoring part includes a second shell and a second pipe, the second shell is detachably connected to the bottom end, the second pipe is connected to the blood outlet, and the second pipe is used to connect the blood outlet to the venous blood circulation catheter, and the second hydraulic sensor is arranged in the second pipe.

[0011] In the above scheme, the second monitoring part includes a second shell and a second pipe, which monitors the pressure of blood flowing through the blood outlet while connecting the filter and the venous blood circulation catheter. It can judge whether the filter is blocked by the pressure difference change trend between the blood inlet and the blood outlet, so as to replace or maintain the filter in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a light emitter is provided in the first shell, and is arranged toward the interior of the shell along the axial direction of the shell; a light receiver is provided in the second shell, and is arranged toward the interior of the shell along the axial direction of the shell to receive light emitted by the light emitter.

[0013] In the above scheme, a light transmitter is arranged in the first monitoring part and a light receiver is arranged in the second monitoring part, so that the light emitted by the light transmitter passes through the interior of the shell to be contacted by the light receiver, thereby being able to judge whether there is a risk of clogging of the filter based on the change in the light reception rate or the change in the light transmittance inside the shell, so that the filter can be replaced or maintained in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis and improving the problem of structural damage of the filter due to long-term clogging, resulting in a short service life of the filter.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the light emitter is an infrared emitter.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple light emitters and light receivers, and the light emitters and light receivers correspond one to one. The light emitters are configured to generate light that can pass through the gap between two adjacent fiber filter bundles.

[0016] In the above scheme, by setting up multiple light emitters and light receivers, it is possible to effectively determine whether the filter is at risk of clogging. At the same time, setting the light emitter between two adjacent fiber filter bundles can reduce the interference of the fiber filter bundles on the light, which can further improve the reliability of monitoring.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the monitoring component further includes a controller and an alarm, and the controller and the alarm are respectively provided in the second monitoring part;

[0018] The alarm is used to receive information from the first hydraulic pressure sensor, the second hydraulic pressure sensor and the light receiver, so as to control the operation of the alarm.

[0019] In the above scheme, the controller collects information transmitted by the first hydraulic sensor, the second hydraulic sensor and the light receiver, and judges the current pressure loss in the filter based on the information to determine the degree of blockage. When the pressure difference exceeds the threshold or the transmittance is lower than a certain level, the alarm can be controlled to work to alarm, thereby alerting medical staff.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the alarm includes a buzzer and a warning light.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, a dialysate inlet is further provided on the wall of the shell. Along the axial direction of the shell, the dialysate inlet is farther away from the top than the dialysate outlet.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, a dialysate collection bag is provided at the dialysate outlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a hemodialysis device in some embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hemodialysis device in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second monitoring unit in some embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Icons: 100-hemodialysis device, 10-filter, 11-shell, 12-fiber filter bundle, 13-dialysate outlet, 14-blood inlet, 15-blood outlet, 16-dialysate inlet, 20-monitoring component; 21-first monitoring unit, 210-first hydraulic sensor, 211-light transmitter, 22-second monitoring unit, 220-second hydraulic sensor, 221-light receiver, 30-first outer shell, 31-first pipeline, 40-arterial blood circulation catheter, 50-second outer shell, 51-second pipeline, 60-venous blood circulation catheter, 70-controller, 80-alarm, 90-dialysate collection bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the application is conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless there is any conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0034] See Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hemodialysis device in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hemodialysis device in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second monitoring unit in some embodiments of the present application.

[0035] The present application provides a hemodialysis device 100, comprising a filter 10 and a monitoring assembly. The filter 10 comprises a shell 11 and a plurality of fiber filter bundles 12, wherein the plurality of fiber filter bundles 12 are arranged in the shell 11 at intervals, and a dialysate outlet 13 is provided on the wall of the shell 11. Along the axial direction of the shell 11, the shell 11 comprises a top end and a bottom end opposite to each other, a blood inlet 14 is formed at the top end, and a blood outlet 15 is formed at the bottom end, and the shell 11 is a transparent structure. The monitoring assembly comprises a first monitoring part and a second monitoring part 22, wherein the first monitoring part is detachably arranged at the top end, and the second monitoring part 22 is detachably arranged at the bottom end, the first monitoring part is provided with a first hydraulic sensor 210 for monitoring the pressure of the blood inlet 14, and the second monitoring part 22 is provided with a second hydraulic sensor 220 for monitoring the pressure of the blood outlet 15.

[0036] In some embodiments, the housing 11 may be made of a transparent material, such as acrylic or glass.

[0037] In some embodiments, the fiber filter bundle 12 can be a structure in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes are braided into one body. In the housing 11, the plurality of fiber filter bundles 12 are arranged at intervals.

[0038] In some embodiments, the blood inlet 14 can be connected to an arterial blood circulation conduit 40 , which can be provided with a blood pump, and the blood outlet 15 can be connected to a venous blood circulation conduit 60 .

[0039] In some embodiments, the first hydraulic pressure sensor 210 can be integrated into the first monitoring unit 22 by injection molding, and the first monitoring unit 22 can include a plastic housing. The second hydraulic pressure sensor 220 can be integrated into the second monitoring unit 22 by injection molding, and the second monitoring unit 22 can include a plastic housing.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first hydraulic pressure sensor 210 and the second hydraulic pressure sensor 220 may be high-precision, fast-response piezoresistive pressure sensors with a measurement range of 0-500 mmHg and an accuracy of ±1 mmHg.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first hydraulic sensor 210 and the second hydraulic sensor 220 can transmit the collected data to the controller 70 via wireless or wired means. The controller 70 can then determine whether the filter 10 is clogged based on the data acquired by the first hydraulic sensor 210 and the second hydraulic sensor 220. For example, within a sliding time window (e.g., 60 seconds), the rate of change of the pressure difference between the blood inlet 14 and the blood outlet 15 is calculated. A threshold value is set based on experimental testing. When the rate of change of the pressure difference exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that the filter 10 is clogged.

[0042] “The first monitoring part is detachably arranged at the top end, and the second monitoring part 22 is detachably arranged at the bottom end” can be understood as that the first monitoring part and the second monitoring part 22 can be disassembled from the filter 10 so that the monitoring components can be reused. If the filter 10 needs to be replaced, only the filter 10 needs to be replaced, and the monitoring components can be assembled on the new filter 10.

[0043] For example, the first monitoring portion and the second monitoring portion 22 can be detachably connected to the filter 10 by screwing, snapping, sleeve connection, etc.

[0044] Exemplarily, the top and bottom ends of the filter 10 can be respectively provided with positioning protrusions, and the first monitoring part and the second monitoring part 22 can be respectively provided with positioning recesses. The assembly is achieved by the mutual cooperation of the positioning protrusions and the positioning recesses. Because of the positioning effect, even if a new filter 10 is replaced, the positional relationship between the monitoring component and the filter 10 can be kept consistent, thereby not affecting the test accuracy.

[0045] In the above scheme, by arranging a number of mutually spaced fiber filter bundles 12 in the shell 11 of the filter 10, on the one hand, the contact surface between the blood and the dialysate can be increased to increase the dialysis area; on the other hand, due to the intervals between the fiber filter bundles 12, the risk of dialysis failure caused by thrombosis can be effectively reduced; at the same time, by arranging a monitoring component that is detachably matched with the filter 10, it is possible to judge whether the filter 10 is blocked by the pressure difference change trend between the blood inlet 14 and the blood outlet 15, and by setting the shell 11 as a transparent structure, it is possible to effectively observe the internal situation of the filter 10 to judge whether the filter 10 is at risk of blockage, so that the filter 10 can be replaced or maintained in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis and improving the problem that the filter 10 is structurally damaged due to long-term blockage, resulting in a short service life of the filter 10.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first monitoring unit includes a first shell 30 and a first pipe 31. The first shell 30 is detachably connected to the top end. The first pipe 31 is connected to the blood inlet 14, and the first pipe 31 is used to connect the blood inlet 14 to the arterial blood circulation catheter 40. The first hydraulic sensor 210 is arranged in the first pipe 31.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first housing 30 can be made of plastic or silicone and is positioned over the top of the filter 10, with a sealing ring positioned therebetween to achieve a seal. The first conduit 31 can communicate with the blood inlet 14, and the inner wall of the first conduit 31 can be sealed to the outer wall of the blood inlet 14 to prevent blood from leaking from the interface between the first conduit 31 and the blood inlet 14.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first hydraulic sensor 210 is injection molded into the first pipe 31 , one end of the first hydraulic sensor 210 is located inside the first pipe 31 to test the blood pressure, and the other end can be located outside the first pipe 31 to transmit signals to the outside.

[0049] In the above solution, the first monitoring unit includes the first housing 11 and the first pipe 31 to monitor the pressure of blood flowing through the blood inlet 14 while connecting the filter 10 and the arterial blood circulation catheter 40 .

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second monitoring unit 22 includes a second shell 50 and a second pipe 51, the second shell 50 is detachably connected to the bottom end, the second pipe 51 is connected to the blood outlet 15, and the second pipe 51 is used to connect the blood outlet 15 to the venous blood circulation catheter 60, and the second hydraulic sensor 220 is arranged in the second pipe 51.

[0051] In some embodiments, the second housing 50 can be made of plastic or silicone and is positioned over the top of the filter 10, with a sealing ring positioned therebetween to achieve a seal. The second conduit 51 can communicate with the blood inlet 14, and the inner wall of the second conduit 51 can be sealed to the outer wall of the blood outlet 15 to prevent blood from leaking from the interface between the second conduit 51 and the blood outlet 15.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second hydraulic sensor 220 is injection molded into the second pipe 51 , one end of the second hydraulic sensor 220 is located inside the second pipe 51 to test the blood pressure, and the other end can be located outside the second pipe 51 to transmit signals to the outside.

[0053] In the above scheme, the second monitoring part 22 includes a second shell 11 and a second pipe 51, so as to monitor the pressure of blood flowing through the blood outlet 15 while connecting the filter 10 and the venous blood circulation catheter 60, and judge whether the filter 10 is blocked by the pressure difference change trend between the blood inlet 14 and the blood outlet 15, so as to replace or maintain the filter 10 in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis.

[0054] According to some embodiments of the present application, a light emitter 211 is provided in the first shell 30, and the light emitter 211 is arranged toward the interior of the shell 11 along the axial direction of the shell 11; a light receiver 221 is provided in the second shell 50, and the light receiver 221 is arranged toward the interior of the shell 11 along the axial direction of the shell 11 to receive the light emitted by the light emitter 211.

[0055] In some embodiments, in order to improve the accuracy of blockage judgment, optical detection is also provided on the basis of pressure monitoring, that is, light is emitted by the light emitter 211 to the light receiver 221. If the light is intercepted by the blockage (such as thrombus) in the filter 10, resulting in a decrease in the light reception rate, it is judged that blockage has occurred in the filter 10.

[0056] In the above scheme, a light emitter 211 is set in the first monitoring part and a light receiver 221 is set in the second monitoring part 22, so that the light emitted by the light emitter 211 passes through the interior of the shell 11 to be contacted by the light receiver 221, thereby being able to judge whether the filter 10 is at risk of clogging based on the change in the light receiving rate or the change in the light transmittance inside the shell 11, so that the filter 10 can be replaced or maintained in time, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis and improving the problem of structural damage of the filter 10 due to long-term clogging, resulting in a short service life of the filter 10.

[0057] According to some embodiments of the present application, the light emitter 211 is an infrared emitter.

[0058] According to some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple light emitters 211 and light receivers 221 , and the light emitters 211 and light receivers 221 correspond one to one. The light emitters 211 are configured to generate light that can pass through the gap between two adjacent fiber filter bundles 12 .

[0059] In the above scheme, by setting up multiple light emitters 211 and light receivers 221, it is possible to effectively determine whether the filter 10 is at risk of clogging. At the same time, setting the light emitter 211 between two adjacent fiber filter bundles 12 can reduce the interference of the fiber filter bundles 12 on the light, which can further improve the reliability of monitoring.

[0060] According to some embodiments of the present application, the monitoring assembly further includes a controller 70 and an alarm 80, which are respectively disposed in the second monitoring portion 22. The alarm 80 is configured to receive information from the first hydraulic pressure sensor 210, the second hydraulic pressure sensor 220, and the light receiver 221, thereby controlling the operation of the alarm 80.

[0061] In some embodiments, the controller 70 may include an editable logic processor and a storage medium, and the storage medium may have a built-in program to determine whether the filter 10 is clogged based on data obtained by the first hydraulic sensor 210 and the second hydraulic sensor 220, and to determine whether the filter 10 is clogged based on changes in the amount of light received by the light receiver 221.

[0062] For example, the controller 70 can be disposed on the bottom wall of the second housing 50, and the light receiver 221 can be coupled to the controller 70. The first hydraulic sensor 210 and the second hydraulic sensor 220 can be connected to the controller 70 wirelessly or by wire. Optionally, the first hydraulic sensor 210 and the second hydraulic sensor 220 can have electrical connectors, and the controller 70 can be provided with an electrical interface. The electrical connectors and the electrical interface can be plugged in with a cable. The electrical interface can be exposed to the second housing 50 and sealed by a seal.

[0063] Optionally, the light emitter 211 may be equipped with a battery to supply power to the light emitter 211. Alternatively, the light emitter 211 may be connected to an external power source to generate stable light.

[0064] In the above scheme, the controller 70 collects information transmitted by the first hydraulic sensor 210, the second hydraulic sensor 220 and the light receiver 221, and judges the current pressure loss in the filter 10 based on the information to judge the degree of blockage. When the pressure difference exceeds the threshold or the transmittance is lower than a certain level, the alarm 80 can be controlled to work to alarm, thereby alerting medical personnel.

[0065] According to some embodiments of the present application, the alarm 80 includes a buzzer and a warning light.

[0066] In some embodiments, a buzzer and a warning light may be disposed on the outer periphery of the second housing 50 .

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present application, the wall of the housing 11 is further provided with a dialysate inlet 16, which is axially farther from the top end of the housing 11 than the dialysate outlet 13. According to some embodiments of the present application, the dialysate outlet 13 is provided with a dialysate collection bag 90.

[0068] In some embodiments, the dialysate inlet 16 is connected to a dialysate supply bag via a tube, and the dialysate outlet 13 is connected to a dialysate collection bag 90 via a tube.

[0069] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis device, characterized in that: The filter comprises a housing and a plurality of fiber filter bundles, wherein the plurality of fiber filter bundles are spaced apart and arranged in the housing. A dialysate outlet is provided on a wall of the housing. The housing comprises a top end and a bottom end opposite to each other along the axial direction of the housing. The top end forms a blood inlet, and the bottom end forms a blood outlet. The housing is a transparent structure. The monitoring component includes a first monitoring part and a second monitoring part, the first monitoring part is detachably arranged at the top end, and the second monitoring part is detachably arranged at the bottom end, the first monitoring part is provided with a first hydraulic sensor for monitoring the pressure of the blood inlet, and the second monitoring part is provided with a second hydraulic sensor for monitoring the pressure of the blood outlet.

2. The hemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first monitoring part includes a first shell and a first pipe. The first shell is detachably connected to the top end. The first pipe is connected to the blood inlet and is used to connect the blood inlet to the arterial blood circulation catheter. The first hydraulic sensor is arranged in the first pipe.

3. The hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that The second monitoring part includes a second shell and a second pipe. The second shell is detachably connected to the bottom end. The second pipe is connected to the blood outlet and is used to connect the blood outlet to the venous blood circulation catheter. The second hydraulic sensor is arranged in the second pipe.

4. The hemodialysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that A light emitter is provided in the first shell, and is arranged toward the inside of the shell along the axial direction of the shell; a light receiver is provided in the second shell, and is arranged toward the inside of the shell along the axial direction of the shell to receive the light emitted by the light emitter.

5. The hemodialysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that The light emitter is an infrared emitter.

6. The hemodialysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that There are a plurality of light emitters and a plurality of light receivers, and the light emitters and the light receivers correspond one to one. The light emitters are configured to generate light that can pass through a gap between two adjacent fiber filter bundles.

7. The hemodialysis device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The monitoring component further includes a controller and an alarm, wherein the controller and the alarm are respectively arranged in the second monitoring part; The alarm is used to receive information from the first hydraulic pressure sensor, the second hydraulic pressure sensor and the light receiver, so as to control the operation of the alarm.

8. The hemodialysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that The alarm includes a buzzer and a warning light.

9. The hemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that The wall portion of the shell is further provided with a dialysate inlet. Along the axial direction of the shell, the dialysate inlet is farther away from the top end than the dialysate outlet.

10. The hemodialysis device according to claim 9, characterized in that The dialysate outlet is provided with a dialysate collection bag.

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