Furnace body air-drying type deslagging gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gasification furnace equipment, in particular to a furnace body air-drying type deslagging gasification furnace, which is characterized in that a fire grate does not play a role of ventilation any more, so that a high-temperature area around the fire grate is avoided, and the situation that the fire grate is burnt out due to coking, air outlet blockage and non-uniform air distribution caused by poor raw materials is avoided; under the conditions that ventilation openings are formed in the periphery of a furnace body and the sectional area of a hearth is small, air distribution is relatively uniform, deviant combustion and gasification are not caused, outlet air is cooled through a water jacket, the air openings in the hearth are not prone to coking, long-time stable operation of the gasification furnace is facilitated, continuous feeding, continuous gasification and continuous deslagging can be achieved, and the gasification efficiency is improved. Only one person is needed for guarding, slag is not needed to be cleaned frequently, unattended operation is achieved at the weekend, the labor cost is greatly reduced, obvious economic advantages are achieved in areas with the high labor cost, the carbon yield reaches 5%-10%, and the carbon production quality is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gasification furnace equipment, in particular to a furnace body air-drying slag-discharging gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] The traditional gasifiers are mostly pagoda grate type gasifiers. The pagoda grate has three functions: 1. Supporting materials and carbon slag; 2. Undertaking the function of distributing air into the furnace; 3. Maintaining the continuous operation of the gasifier and discharging carbon slag by rotating. However, it also has obvious disadvantages: 1. The temperature at the air outlet of the furnace is relatively high, and raw materials containing more impurities are prone to slagging. When the slagging is serious, the furnace needs to be stopped for cleaning, which makes the equipment unable to operate continuously. In addition, the slagging is labor-intensive and the shutdown time is long, which is difficult to meet the needs of normal industrial production; 2. Slag on the grate will block the air outlet, affect the uniform air distribution, make the local temperature of the grate too high, exceeding the tolerance temperature of the grate, and then burn the grate, resulting in shutdown for maintenance. Most of the gasifiers on the market are wet type. Although continuous production can be achieved, the equipment is large in size and high in height, which is not suitable for miniaturized skid-mounted equipment. Moreover, it also has pagoda grates and has the same common problems as pagoda grates. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the utility model discloses a furnace body air-distributed dry slag-discharging gasifier. The grate of the utility model no longer bears the function of ventilation, thus avoiding the area around the grate from becoming a high-temperature zone, avoiding poor raw materials that may cause coking, block the air outlet, and uneven air distribution, which in turn burns the grate and causes the furnace to stop production. Ventilation ports are arranged around the furnace body. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace is small, the air distribution is relatively uniform, and there will be no problem of biased burning and affecting gasification. Moreover, the outlet air is cooled by a water jacket, and the air outlet in the furnace is not easy to coke, which is conducive to the long-term stable operation of the gasifier. The gasification can realize continuous feeding, continuous gasification, and continuous slag discharge. Only one person is on duty, and there is no need to frequently clean the slag. There is no one on duty on weekends, which greatly reduces the labor cost. It has obvious economic advantages in areas with high labor costs. The charcoal production rate reaches 5%-10%, and the charcoal quality is high.

[0004] In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A furnace body air-drying slag-discharging gasification furnace comprises a cylinder, on the feed end of which a gate valve, a first air shutoff and an auger are respectively installed, and the auger and the first air shutoff are both located on the upper side of the gate valve and are interconnected, the cylinder is provided with equidistantly arranged thermocouples, the discharge end of the cylinder is respectively provided with a slag conveyor and a grate rotating mechanism, and the rotating end of the grate rotating mechanism is located in the cylinder and connected to the grate, and a circulating water jacket is provided outside the cylinder wall.

[0006] A material level meter is provided on the feed end of the cylinder, and a detection end of the material level meter is located inside the cylinder. The material level meter is located at the lower side of the plug valve.

[0007] The grate is a cone structure with an angle of 100°, and slag scrapers arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected to the surface of the grate located inside the cylinder.

[0008] A second air lock is installed on the discharge end of the slag conveyor, and the second air lock is communicated with the discharge port of the slag conveyor.

[0009] An air outlet is provided at the top of the cylinder, and the air outlet is located on one side of the discharge end of the cylinder. An explosion-proof water seal is installed on the cylinder, and the explosion-proof water seal is connected to the cylinder.

[0010] The cylinder is provided with an air chamber, and equidistantly arranged vents are provided on the cylinder walls corresponding to the air chamber and the cylinder. The vents are connected to the air chamber and the cylinder respectively. A fan is installed in the air inlet of the air chamber, and the fan is located on the cylinder and fixedly connected.

[0011] The grate rotating mechanism includes a bearing, a bearing seat, a shaft and a servo motor. The bearing seat is located at the bottom end of the cylinder and is fixedly connected, and a bearing is installed in the bearing seat. The rotating end of the bearing is fixedly connected to a shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the shaft are respectively connected to the grate and the motor shaft of the servo motor.

[0012] The output shaft of the rotating end of the auger is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reducer.

[0013] A furnace door is provided in the observation slot of the cylinder, and the furnace door is located on the upper side of the wind chamber.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model describes a furnace body air distribution dry slag discharge gasification furnace, in which the grate no longer plays the role of ventilation, thus avoiding the area around the grate becoming a high-temperature area, avoiding poor raw materials causing coking, blocking the air outlet, uneven air distribution, and then burning the grate, resulting in shutdown of the furnace and production. Ventilation ports are arranged around the furnace body. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace is small, the air distribution is relatively uniform, and there will be no problem of biased burning and affecting gasification. Moreover, the outlet air is cooled by a water jacket, and the air outlet in the furnace is not easy to coke, which is conducive to the long-term stable operation of the gasifier. The gasification can realize continuous feeding, continuous gasification, and continuous slag discharge, and only one person is required to be on duty. There is no need to frequently clean the slag, and there is no one on duty on weekends, which greatly reduces the labor cost. It has obvious economic advantages in areas with high labor costs, and the charcoal production rate reaches 5%-10%, and the charcoal production quality is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is an internal schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0018] 1. Cylinder; 2. Auger; 3. First air lock; 4. Air outlet; 5. Explosion-proof water seal; 6. Furnace door; 7. Air chamber; 8. Ventilation port; 9. Grate; 10. Grate rotating mechanism; 11. Second air lock; 12. Slag conveyor; 13. Circulating water jacket; 14. Thermocouple; 15. Material level meter; 16. Gate valve; 17. Reducer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Combined with attachment Figures 1 and 2 The described furnace body air-drying type slag gasification furnace includes a cylinder 1, and a gate valve 16, a first air shutoff device 3 and an auger 2 are respectively installed on the feed end of the cylinder 1, and the auger 2 and the first air shutoff device 3 are both located on the upper side of the gate valve 16 and are interconnected. The cylinder 1 is provided with equidistantly arranged thermocouples 14, and a slag conveyor 12 and a grate rotating mechanism 10 are respectively installed on the discharge end of the cylinder 1, and the rotating end of the grate rotating mechanism 10 is located in the cylinder 1 and connected to the grate 9. A circulating water jacket 13 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 1, and all electrical equipment in the furnace body air-drying type slag gasification furnace are electrically connected to the external control device, and all electrical equipment in the furnace body air-drying type slag gasification furnace are controlled by the external control device to operate.

[0021] A level meter 15 is provided on the feed end of the cylinder 1, and the detection end of the level meter 15 is located inside the cylinder 1. The level meter 15 is located on the lower side of the gate valve 16. The gate valve 16 can control the on and off of the raw materials and adjust the flow rate. The level meter 15 can measure the position and height of the raw materials.

[0022] The grate 9 is a 45° cone structure, and the surface of the grate 9 located inside the cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with equidistantly arranged slag scrapers. The grate 9 does not have a ventilation port, and the grate 9 is located on one side of the discharge port of the cylinder 1.

[0023] A second air lock 11 is installed on the discharge end of the slag conveyor 12 , and the second air lock 11 is communicated with the discharge port of the slag conveyor 12 .

[0024] An air outlet 4 is provided at the top of the cylinder 1, and the air outlet 4 is located on one side of the discharge end of the cylinder 1. An explosion-proof water seal 5 is installed on the cylinder 1, and the explosion-proof water seal 5 is connected to the cylinder 1. The position of the explosion-proof water seal 5 corresponds to the position of the air outlet 4. The explosion-proof water seal 5 is a device for explosion-proof combustion and pressure relief.

[0025] The cylinder 1 is provided with an air chamber 7, and the cylinder wall corresponding to the air chamber 7 and the cylinder 1 is provided with equidistantly arranged ventilation holes 8, the ventilation holes 8 are connected with the air chamber 7 and the cylinder 1 respectively, and a fan is installed in the air inlet of the air chamber 7, and the fan is located on the cylinder 1 and fixedly connected.

[0026] The grate rotating mechanism 10 includes a bearing, a bearing seat, a shaft and a servo motor. The bearing seat is located at the bottom end of the cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected, and a bearing is installed in the bearing seat. The rotating end of the bearing is fixedly connected to a shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the shaft are respectively connected to the grate 9 and the motor shaft of the servo motor.

[0027] The output shaft of the rotating end of the auger 2 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reducer 17.

[0028] A furnace door 6 is provided in the observation slot of the cylinder 1 , and the furnace door 6 is located on the upper side of the wind chamber 7 .

[0029] The described furnace body air-drying slag-discharging gasifier, when in use, biomass raw materials (pellets, wood chips, fruit shells, etc.) are poured into the auger 2, and the auger 2 pushes the biomass raw materials to fall into the barrel 1, and then falls into the first air lock 3, and the first air lock 3 conveys the biomass raw materials to the next drop port through rotation. This feeding process ensures that the gasifier is fed with materials while preventing outside air from entering the gasifier. The gate valve 16 can control the on and off of the raw materials and adjust the flow rate. The level meter 15 can measure the position and height of the raw materials, realize high and low level alarm output, and assist in raw material level control. The thermocouple 14 measures the temperature in the furnace and can observe the temperature change in the furnace. The furnace door 6 can observe the situation in the furnace in real time, and timely measures can be taken in case of accidents. The grate 9 supports the materials and charcoal slag, and the grate rotating device 10 rotates to drive the grate 9, and the rotation of the grate 9 pushes the charcoal slag into the discharge port. The cylinder 1 has an inner and outer layer sandwich structure. Circulating water 13 is introduced during operation to effectively reduce the temperature of the furnace. An air inlet 8 is provided at the lower part of the furnace body, which is blown to the wind chamber 7 by the fan to meet the gasification gas demand of the raw materials in the furnace. The air distribution is relatively uniform, and there will be no biased burning, which affects the gasification problem. The dry carbon is directly packaged after cooling, which saves the drying and airing process required for wet slag discharge. The grate rotating mechanism 10 pushes the charcoal slag to the drop port, and the charcoal slag enters the charcoal slag conveyor 12 and is transported by the charcoal slag conveyor 12. During the transportation, the charcoal slag will pass through the second air lock 11 to seal and safely remove the charcoal slag outside the furnace to prevent the entry of air and the charcoal from spontaneous combustion, ensuring safety. The gasification furnace outlet 4 is arranged at the top, which is an upper gas outlet structure. The pyrolysis gas generated by the gasification furnace is led out by the gas induced draft fan and led to the low calorific value burner for combustion. The heat energy released after combustion is utilized. The subsequent flue gas passes through the dust removal system and the induced draft fan and is discharged in compliance with the standards.

[0030] The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention is specifically demonstrated and introduced in conjunction with the preferred implementation scheme, there are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred implementation scheme of the present invention. However, technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that various changes can be made to the form and details of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the attached claims, and all of them are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace body air-drying slag-discharging gasifier, comprising a barrel (1), characterized by: A gate valve (16), a first air lock (3) and an auger (2) are respectively installed on the feed end of the cylinder (1), and the auger (2) and the first air lock (3) are both located on the upper side of the gate valve (16) and are interconnected. The cylinder (1) is provided with thermocouples (14) arranged at equal intervals. A slag conveyor (12) and a grate rotating mechanism (10) are respectively installed on the discharge end of the cylinder (1), and the rotating end of the grate rotating mechanism (10) is located in the cylinder (1) and is connected to the grate (9). A circulating water jacket (13) is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder (1).

2. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material level meter (15) is provided on the feed end of the cylinder (1), and a detection end of the material level meter (15) is located inside the cylinder (1). The material level meter (15) is located on the lower side of the plug valve (16).

3. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate (9) is a 45° cone structure, and equidistantly arranged slag scrapers are fixedly connected to the surface of the grate (9) located inside the cylinder (1).

4. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second air lock (11) is installed on the discharge end of the slag conveyor (12), and the second air lock (11) is connected to the discharge port of the slag conveyor (12).

5. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet (4) is provided at the top of the cylinder (1), and the air outlet (4) is located on one side of the discharge end of the cylinder (1). An explosion-proof water seal (5) is installed on the cylinder (1), and the explosion-proof water seal (5) is connected to the cylinder (1).

6. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with an air chamber (7), and equidistantly arranged ventilation openings (8) are provided on the cylinder wall of the air chamber (7) corresponding to the cylinder (1), and the ventilation openings (8) are respectively communicated with the air chamber (7) and the cylinder (1). A fan is installed in the air inlet of the air chamber (7), and the fan is located on the cylinder (1) and fixedly connected.

7. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate rotating mechanism (10) comprises a bearing, a bearing seat, a shaft and a servo motor, wherein the bearing seat is located at the bottom end of the cylinder (1) and is fixedly connected, and a bearing is installed in the bearing seat, and a shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the bearing, and the upper and lower ends of the shaft are respectively connected to the grate (9) and the motor shaft of the servo motor.

8. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the rotating end of the auger (2) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reducer (17).

9. The furnace body cloth air-drying slag-discharging gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A furnace door (6) is provided in the observation slot of the cylinder (1), and the furnace door (6) is located on the upper side of the wind chamber (7).

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