Dust detector

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust detector and belongs to the technical field of dust detection. A dust detector comprises a detector body, a detection shell, an air pump and a connecting pipeline are arranged in the detector body, an air inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the detection shell, and the air inlet pipe extends to the top of the detector body; a first flow guide assembly is arranged in the detection shell and located below the air inlet pipe, a damping grid is arranged below the first flow guide assembly, a second flow guide assembly is arranged below the damping grid, and the second flow guide assembly comprises a plurality of flow guide pieces which are annularly arranged at equal intervals. A gradient diffusion structure is formed by the cone body of the first flow guide assembly and the circular truncated cone body with the increasing diameter, and initial airflow impact is effectively buffered by increasing the circulation sectional area layer by layer; a uniform laminar flow is finally formed in cooperation with multi-channel constraint of the regular hexagonal honeycomb hole rectification grid, and it is ensured that dust particles are uniformly distributed in a detection area; and flow deflectors in the second flow guide assembly are obliquely arranged to prevent dust from falling on the flow deflectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dust detection, and more specifically, to a dust detector. Background Art

[0002] Dust concentration monitoring is crucial for human health and production safety in industrial production, construction, and indoor environments. Existing dust detectors are mostly based on the principle of laser scattering, calculating concentration by the intensity of scattered light produced by laser irradiation of dust particles. However, detection accuracy is easily affected by airflow conditions and dust distribution uniformity.

[0003] The dark box design of traditional detectors has significant flaws: airflow entering the dark box easily forms turbulence or eddies, leading to uneven distribution of dust particles and localized high or low concentrations, which directly affects the stability of detection data. Furthermore, existing flow guide components have functional limitations: they fail to promote radial diffusion of dust and are prone to forming concentration gradients due to gravitational settling. This can lead to excessive resistance or localized dust interception, causing detection bias. With this in mind, we propose a dust detector. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust detector to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dust detector includes a detector body, a detection shell, an air pump, and a connecting pipe are arranged in the detector body, and an air inlet pipe is arranged on the top of the detection shell, and the air inlet pipe extends to the top of the detector body;

[0007] A first guide assembly is provided in the detection shell below the air inlet pipe, a rectifying grid is provided below the first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly is provided below the rectifying grid. The second guide assembly includes a plurality of guide vanes arranged in a ring shape with equal intervals. The guide vanes are inclined spiral vane structures. The guide vanes are connected to the inner wall of the detection shell, and the height of the guide vanes gradually decreases downward toward the center near one side of the detection shell.

[0008] Preferably, the first flow guide component is connected to the inner wall of the detection housing through a plurality of connecting columns;

[0009] The first guide component includes a cone and multiple frustum bodies, which are arranged in sequence below the cone. The side of the frustum body is an inclined structure. The diameters of the multiple frustum bodies gradually increase from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the cone is connected to the top surface of the frustum body.

[0010] Preferably, the rectifier grid adopts a regular hexagonal honeycomb hole structure, with a single honeycomb hole having a side length of 3-5 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, and is made of lightweight aluminum alloy.

[0011] Preferably, a detection component is provided in the detection shell below the second guide component, and the detection component includes a laser emitter provided on one side of the detection shell, and a black body and a laser receiver for detecting dust concentration are provided on the other side of the detection shell corresponding to the position of the laser emitter.

[0012] Preferably, the laser emitter and the laser receiver are connected by a connecting ring, sliders are provided on both sides of the connecting ring, a vertical groove is opened on the side wall of the detection shell, an adjustment rod is provided in the vertical groove, the adjustment rod is threaded with the slider, and the adjustment rod extends to the top of the detection shell.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the top of the detector body, the detection shell is installed in the mounting groove, and the adjustment rod is rotatably connected to the detection shell.

[0014] Preferably, a bracket is provided near the lower end side of the detector body, the upper end of the bracket is rotatably connected to the two side surfaces of the detector body respectively, and a groove is provided on the detector body, and the bracket is located in the groove.

[0015] Preferably, a limit screw is provided on the upper end of the bracket, a rotating shaft connected to the detector body is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the bracket, the limit screw passes through the rotating shaft and can contact the detector body, and the limit screw is threadedly connected to the bracket.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) The cone of the first guide assembly of the utility model and the truncated cone with increasing diameter form a gradient diffusion structure. By increasing the flow cross-sectional area layer by layer, the airflow velocity is steadily reduced, effectively buffering the initial airflow impact; combined with the multi-channel constraint of the regular hexagonal honeycomb hole rectifier grid, a uniform laminar flow is finally formed, ensuring that the dust particles are evenly distributed in the detection area, avoiding local concentration deviations caused by airflow turbulence. The stable airflow after rectification reduces the irregular movement of dust particles, making the laser scattering signal more stable, providing a consistent physical environment for subsequent concentration calculations, and reducing detection errors caused by flow field fluctuations. The inclined setting of the guide vane in the second guide assembly allows a small amount of attached dust particles to slide down the inclined surface, reducing deposition on the guide vane surface, and maintaining flow field stability after long-term use.

[0018] (2) The utility model uses a lifting mechanism consisting of a connecting ring, a slider, and an adjustment rod to achieve precise adjustment of the laser light path within a range of 0-50mm. This can adapt to both high-concentration dust (reducing the light path length to reduce signal saturation) and low-concentration dust (increasing the light path length to enhance the signal), thus expanding the scope of application of the equipment. The bracket can be unfolded to form a 0-60° tilt support, adapting to different placement scenarios and improving the convenience of on-site testing; when idle, it can be stored in the groove, not taking up additional space, keeping the equipment compact. The limit screw fixes the bracket angle through friction, avoiding position deviation caused by vibration during the detection process and ensuring detection stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection shell of the present utility model.

[0023] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Detector body; 2. Detection shell; 201. Air inlet pipe; 202. Vertical slot; 3. First flow guide assembly; 4. Second flow guide assembly; 5. Connecting column; 6. Laser transmitter; 7. Laser receiver; 8. Connecting ring; 9. Slider; 10. Adjusting rod; 11. Bracket; 12. Limit screw; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Rectifier grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0025] Example:

[0026] See also Figure 1-4A dust detector includes a detector body 1, in which a detection shell 2, an air pump, and a connecting pipe 13 are arranged. The air pump is located downstream of the air outlet end of the connecting pipe 13, and an air inlet pipe 201 is arranged on the top of the detection shell 2, which extends to the top of the detector body 1; using the air pump, the air inlet pipe 201 sucks dust-laden air into the detection shell 2, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter 6 interacts with the dust particles to generate scattered light, and the laser receiver 7 receives the scattered light to calculate the dust concentration; the air pump provides power by pumping air to keep the airflow flowing, and at the same time forms a circulation path through the connecting pipe 13 to ensure that the airflow in the detection shell 2 is stable, thereby ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the detection process, thereby realizing the detection of dust and maintaining the normal operation of the entire airflow system.

[0027] A first guide assembly 3 is provided in the detection housing 2 below the air inlet pipe 201. The first guide assembly 3 reduces the air velocity entering the detection housing 2 and reduces impact turbulence. A straightening grid 14 is provided below the first guide assembly 3. After the airflow is divided by the straightening grid 14, the lateral disturbance is suppressed, forming an orderly flow state along the axial direction; a second guide assembly 4 is provided below the straightening grid 14. The second guide assembly 4 guides the airflow to form a weak spiral flow, thereby promoting the uniform diffusion of dust particles in the radial direction and avoiding the high bottom concentration caused by gravity sedimentation; the second guide assembly 4 includes a plurality of guide vanes arranged at equal intervals in a ring shape. The guide vanes are spiral vane structures arranged at an angle. The guide vanes are connected to the inner wall of the detection housing 2. The height of the guide vanes gradually decreases toward the center on the side close to the detection housing 2, forming a slope structure along the inner wall of the detection housing 2 toward the center. The dual effects of the impact force of the airflow and gravity are used to make a small amount of attached dust particles slide down the slope, reducing the deposition on the surface of the guide vanes, and maintaining the stability of the flow field after long-term use. In addition, the annular equidistant layout ensures that the spiral flow is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, avoiding local airflow deflection that interferes with the laser detection optical path.

[0028] In this application, the first flow guide component 3 is connected to the inner wall of the detection housing 2 through a plurality of connecting columns 5;

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the first flow guide assembly 3 comprises a cone and multiple frustums. The cone is located below the end of the intake pipe 201, and the frustums are sequentially arranged below the cone. The sides of the frustums are inclined, and the diameters of the multiple frustums gradually increase from top to bottom. The bottom surface of the cone is connected to the top surface of the frustum. As air passes through the sides and top surfaces of the cone and frustums, the airflow continuously expands as it flows through each layer, gradually increasing the cross-sectional area. This reduces the flow velocity according to the principles of fluid mechanics, while also buffering the airflow impact and reducing turbulence, laying the foundation for a stable flow field for subsequent rectification.

[0030] In this application, the rectifier grid 14 adopts a regular hexagonal honeycomb structure, with a single honeycomb hole of 3-5mm side length and 10mm thickness, and is made of lightweight aluminum alloy. After the airflow is divided by the honeycomb holes, the lateral disturbance is suppressed, forming an orderly flow state along the axial direction. The regular hexagonal honeycomb hole structure divides the airflow through multiple channels, constraining the turbulent lateral airflow into an orderly axial flow. The 10mm thick aluminum alloy material not only ensures structural strength, but also utilizes the metal surface characteristics to reduce airflow adhesion, reduce airflow turbulence, ensure that the airflow entering the detection area is in a laminar state, and improve the uniformity of dust distribution.

[0031] The surface of the rectifier grid 14 is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating (thickness 0.05mm), which uses its low surface energy characteristics to reduce dust adhesion, making it easier for intercepted particles to be carried away by the airflow, avoiding clogging of the channel after long-term use.

[0032] In this application, a detection assembly is provided within the detection housing 2, below the second flow guide assembly 4. The detection assembly includes a laser emitter 6 disposed on one side of the detection housing 2, and a black body and a laser receiver 7 for detecting dust concentration are provided on the other side of the detection housing 2 corresponding to the position of the laser emitter 6. The stable laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 6 passes through the dust-laden airflow, and the dust particles scatter the laser. The laser receiver 7 receives the scattered light signal and converts it into an electrical signal to calculate the concentration. The black body is provided at the end of the laser light path to absorb the unscattered direct laser light, preventing laser reflection from interfering with the receiver and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal.

[0033] In this application, the laser emitter 6 and the laser receiver 7 are connected by a connecting ring 8, with sliders 9 provided on both sides of the connecting ring 8. A vertical slot 202 is provided on the side wall of the detection housing 2, and an adjustment rod 10 is provided in the vertical slot 202. The adjustment rod 10 is threadedly engaged with the slider 9 and extends to the top of the detection housing 2. By rotating the adjustment rod 10, the slider 9 is driven up and down along the vertical slot 202 by the threaded engagement. The connecting ring 8 synchronously drives the laser emitter 6 and the laser receiver 7 to rise and fall as a whole, realizing the vertical position adjustment of the detection optical path (the adjustment range is generally 0-50mm), which can adapt to the optimal detection height under different dust concentrations and enhance the applicability of the equipment.

[0034] In this application, a mounting slot is provided on the top of the detector body 1, the detection housing 2 is installed in the mounting slot, and the adjustment rod 10 is rotatably connected to the detection housing 2. The setting of the mounting slot facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the detection housing 2.

[0035] In this application, a bracket 11 is provided near the lower side of the detector body 1. The upper end of the bracket 11 is pivotally connected to the two side surfaces of the detector body 1. The detector body 1 is provided with a groove, and the bracket 11 is located within the groove. When the bracket 11 is deployed, it can support the detector body 1 in an inclined position (tilt angle of 0-60°), adapting to the placement requirements of different detection scenarios. When not in use, it is stored in the groove, not taking up additional space and maintaining the overall compactness of the device.

[0036] In the present application, a limiting screw 12 is provided at the upper end of the bracket 11, and a rotating shaft connected to the detector body 1 is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the bracket 11. The limiting screw 12 passes through the rotating shaft and can contact the detector body 1. The limiting screw 12 is threadedly connected to the bracket 11. The rotating shaft realizes the rotational connection between the bracket 11 and the detector body 1. The limiting screw 12 is rotated so that its end is pressed against the detector body 1, and the expansion angle of the bracket 11 is fixed by friction, thereby preventing the bracket from loosening due to equipment vibration during use and ensuring support stability. Among them, the detector body 1 can also be provided with a threaded hole at the end of the rotating shaft so that the end of the limiting screw 12 can be threadedly connected to the threaded hole, thereby fixing the expansion angle of the bracket 11.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust detector, comprising a detector body (1), wherein a detection housing (2), an air pump, and a connecting pipe (13) are provided in the detector body (1), characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (201) is provided on the top of the detection housing (2), and the air inlet pipe (201) extends to the top of the detector body (1); A first flow guide assembly (3) is provided below the air inlet pipe (201) in the detection housing (2), a flow rectifying grid (14) is provided below the first flow guide assembly (3), a second flow guide assembly (4) is provided below the flow rectifying grid (14), the second flow guide assembly (4) comprises a plurality of flow guide vanes arranged at equal intervals in a ring shape, the flow guide vanes are spiral vane structures arranged obliquely, the flow guide vanes are connected to the inner wall of the detection housing (2), and the height of the flow guide vanes gradually decreases downwards towards the center of the detection housing (2) from one side thereof. A detection assembly is provided in the detection housing (2) below the second flow guide assembly (4), the detection assembly comprising a laser emitter (6) provided on one side of the detection housing (2), and a black body and a laser receiver (7) for detecting dust concentration provided on the other side of the detection housing (2) corresponding to the position of the laser emitter (6); The first flow guide component (3) is connected to the inner wall of the detection housing (2) via a plurality of connecting columns (5); The first flow guide component (3) comprises a cone and a plurality of frustum bodies, wherein the frustum bodies are sequentially arranged below the cone, the side surfaces of the frustum bodies are inclined structures, the diameters of the plurality of frustum bodies gradually increase from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the cone body is connected to the top surface of the frustum body.

2. A dust detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier grid (14) adopts a regular hexagonal honeycomb hole structure, with a single honeycomb hole having a side length of 3-5 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, and is made of a lightweight aluminum alloy.

3. A dust detector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser emitter (6) and the laser receiver (7) are connected via a connecting ring (8), sliders (9) are provided on both sides of the connecting ring (8), a vertical groove (202) is provided on the side wall of the detection housing (2), an adjusting rod (10) is provided in the vertical groove (202), the adjusting rod (10) is threadedly engaged with the slider (9), and the adjusting rod (10) extends to the top of the detection housing (2).

4. A dust detector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting groove is provided on the top of the detector body (1), the detection housing (2) is mounted in the mounting groove, and the adjustment rod (10) is rotatably connected to the detection housing (2).

5. The dust detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (11) is provided near the lower side of the detector body (1), and the upper end of the bracket (11) is rotatably connected to the two side surfaces of the detector body (1). A groove is provided on the detector body (1), and the bracket (11) is located in the groove.

6. A dust detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting screw (12) is provided at the upper end of the bracket (11), and a rotating shaft connected to the detector body (1) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the bracket (11). The limiting screw (12) passes through the rotating shaft and can contact the detector body (1). The limiting screw (12) is threadedly connected to the bracket (11).

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