Heat exchange device using phase change material, battery device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat exchange device applying a phase change material, a battery device and a vehicle, the heat exchange device applying the phase change material comprises a heat exchange plate used for being thermally coupled with a battery cell, the heat exchange plate comprises a body, a heat exchange medium flow channel is arranged in the body; the sealing film surrounds the periphery of the body and forms a sealing cavity; the heat conduction piece is located in the sealing cavity, and the heat conduction piece is made of a flexible porous material and adsorbs a phase change material for heat conduction; and a heat exchange medium in the body is thermally coupled with the battery cell through the body, the heat conduction piece and the sealing film. According to the technical scheme, the heat exchange efficiency can be guaranteed while the expansion stroke of the battery cell can be absorbed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a heat exchange device, a battery device, and a vehicle using phase change materials. Background Art

[0002] With the development of battery technology, battery thermal management has become increasingly important for battery performance and safety. In existing technologies, thermal management is typically achieved by installing a heat exchange plate (also known as a "cold plate") in the battery pack. The heat exchange plate is typically a plate with a heat exchange medium flow channel. The heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the battery cell and the external environment to achieve thermal management of the battery cell.

[0003] To achieve optimal heat transfer, heat exchange plates are typically made of metal and placed in close contact with the battery cells to improve thermal conductivity. However, in actual operation, battery cells can deform and expand due to factors such as temperature differences and lifespan, exerting an expansion force on the heat exchange plates and surrounding cells. This places higher demands on structural design and assembly processes, while also creating safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a heat exchange device using phase change material, which can absorb the expansion stroke of the battery cell while ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] The present application discloses a heat exchange device using phase change material, including a heat exchange plate for thermally coupling with a battery cell, the heat exchange plate comprising:

[0006] A main body, wherein a heat exchange medium flow channel is provided in the main body;

[0007] A sealing membrane surrounds the outer periphery of the body and forms a sealed cavity;

[0008] A heat conducting member is located in the sealed cavity, wherein the heat conducting member is made of a flexible porous material and adsorbed with a phase change material for heat conduction;

[0009] The heat exchange medium in the body is thermally coupled to the battery core via the body, the heat conducting member and the sealing film.

[0010] Several optional methods are also provided below, but they are not intended to be additional limitations on the above-mentioned overall solution. They are merely further supplements or optimizations. Under the premise that there are no technical or logical contradictions, each optional method can be combined separately for the above-mentioned overall solution, or multiple optional methods can be combined.

[0011] In one embodiment, the body is plate-shaped and the side facing the battery core is a heat exchange surface; the sealing film is a bag-shaped structure, and the interior of the sealing film forms the sealed cavity;

[0012] The outer side of the sealing film is in contact with the heat exchange surface, or the body is located in the sealing cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment, the body is plate-shaped and the side facing the battery core is a heat exchange surface; the sealing film is sealed and connected to the heat exchange surface to enclose and form the sealed cavity.

[0014] In one embodiment, the sealing membrane is a cylindrical structure, the side wall of the sealing membrane is a sandwich structure, and the sealing cavity is formed inside the sandwich structure. The sealing membrane is sleeved on the body.

[0015] In one embodiment, both opposite sides of the body are heat exchange surfaces, and each heat exchange surface is independently configured with the heat conducting member;

[0016] The sealed cavity is connected as a whole;

[0017] Or the sealed cavity includes two isolated sub-cavities, and each of the heat-conducting members is located in a corresponding sub-cavity.

[0018] In one embodiment, the porosity of the heat conducting member is 35% to 75%, and the strength of the heat conducting member is lower than that of the sealing film.

[0019] In one embodiment, the heat conducting member is a porous sponge; and a thickness ratio of the heat conducting member to the body is 0.1 to 0.5.

[0020] In one embodiment, there are multiple heat exchange plates, the heat exchange medium flow channel of each heat exchange plate is connected to a cold source or a heat source, and the sealed cavities of each heat exchange plate are connected to or isolated from each other.

[0021] The present application also discloses a battery device, comprising:

[0022] The battery cells are arranged in an array;

[0023] The heat exchange device is a heat exchange device using phase change material as described in this application, and the heat exchange device is arranged between each of the battery cells.

[0024] The present application also discloses a vehicle having the battery device described in the present application.

[0025] The technical solution in this application achieves heat exchange efficiency while absorbing the expansion stroke of the battery cell by optimizing the structure of the heat exchange device, especially the heat exchange plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device using phase change material in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of heat exchange plate explosion;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the various parts of the heat exchange plate in the first embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the various parts of the heat exchange plate in the second embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection of sealing films and / or heat conducting parts on different sides of the heat exchange plate;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection of sealing films and / or heat conducting parts on each side of the heat exchange plate;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the various parts of the heat exchange plate in the third embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the various parts of the heat exchange plate in the fourth embodiment;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the various parts of the heat exchange plate in the fifth embodiment;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate structure in the sixth embodiment.

[0037] The reference numerals of the components are as follows:

[0038] 100, heat exchange plate; 110, body; 120, heat exchange medium flow channel; 130, heat exchange surface; 140, busbar; 200, sealing membrane; 300, heat conductor; 400, battery cell; 901, first side; 902, second side; 903, third side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the specification of this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being “above,” “above,” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below,” “below,” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in the specification of this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0044] To improve the adaptability of the heat exchange structure to the size change of the battery cell 400, see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the present application, a heat exchange device using a phase change material is disclosed, including a heat exchange plate 100 for thermally coupling with a battery cell 400. The heat exchange plate 100 includes:

[0045] The main body 110 has a heat exchange medium flow channel 120 disposed therein;

[0046] The sealing film 200 surrounds the outer periphery of the body 110 and forms a sealed cavity (eg Figure 3 The location of the heat conducting element 300);

[0047] The heat conducting member 300 is located in the sealed cavity and is made of a flexible porous material and adsorbed with a phase change material for heat conduction;

[0048] The heat exchange medium in the body 110 is thermally coupled to the battery cell 400 via the body 110 , the heat conducting member 300 , and the sealing film 200 .

[0049] The main body 110 provides a foundation for the heat exchange medium flow channel 120, and the heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange medium flow channel 120 to complete the heat exchange. The sealing film 200 establishes a sealed cavity that constrains the working area of ​​the phase change material to prevent the loss of the phase change material. The thermal conductor 300 accommodates the phase change material through its own porous structure and provides favorable conditions for the phase change energy absorption / release of the phase change material. In heat exchange, the main body 110, the thermal conductor 300 and the sealing film 200 are all thermal conductive materials. The technical solution in this application realizes a flexible thermal conductive structure between the battery cell 400 and the main body 110 through a flexible sealing film 200 and a thermal conductor 300, which can adapt to the deformation range of the battery cell 400 and ensure the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the phase change material can also increase the overall phase change latent heat of the battery device and improve thermal stability.

[0050] The heat conducting member 300, the sealing film 200 and the body 110 can be matched in a variety of ways. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 In the first embodiment shown, the body 110 is plate-shaped, with the side facing the battery cell 400 serving as the heat exchange surface 130. The sealing film 200 is a bag-like structure, with the interior of the sealing film 200 forming a sealed cavity. The outer side of the sealing film 200 abuts against the heat exchange surface 130, while the other side abuts against the battery cell 400. The heat exchange surface 130 is thermally coupled to the battery cell 400 via the sealing film 200, the heat conducting element 300, and finally the sealing film 200.

[0051] See also Figure 4 In the second embodiment shown, the body 110 is plate-shaped, with the side facing the battery cell 400 serving as the heat exchange surface 130. The sealing membrane 200 is sealed to the heat exchange surface 130, enclosing a sealed cavity. The heat exchange surface 130 serves as a portion of the sidewalls of the sealed cavity. In this embodiment, the heat conductor 300 directly contacts the heat exchange surface 130. The heat exchange surface 130 is thermally coupled to the battery cell 400 via the heat conductor 300, the sealing membrane 200, and so on.

[0052] In the first and second embodiments, the body 110 can be provided with the sealing film 200 and the heat conducting member 300 on one side, or can be provided with the sealing film 200 and the heat conducting member 300 on one side. Figure 2 As shown in , when both sides of the body 110 face the battery cell 400, the body 110 is provided with a sealing film 200 and a heat conducting member 300 on both sides. On this basis, the sealing films 200 on different sides can be connected to each other. Furthermore, the sealing cavities of the sealing films 200 on different sides can be independent of each other or connected to each other. Figure 5, the sealing film 200 and / or the sealing cavity can be connected or communicated on the first side 901 and / or the second side 902 and / or the third side 903 and / or the fourth side (the fourth side is not shown in the figure, and the fourth side is arranged opposite to the first side 901). When the sealing films 200 on different sides are connected on a certain side, the periphery of the body 110 forms a U-shaped heat-conducting structure, and at least one end of the body 110 is located in the U-shaped opening. The sealing cavities of each sealing film 200 inside the U-shaped heat-conducting structure are connected to each other or independent of each other. When the sealing films 200 on different sides are connected on multiple sides, Figure 6 In this embodiment, the sealing film 200 at least wraps one end portion of the body 110 , and similarly, the sealing cavities of the sealing films 200 are interconnected or independent of each other.

[0053] See also Figure 7 In the third embodiment shown, the sealing films 200 on different sides are interconnected to enclose the body 110. The sealed cavities on each side are independent of each other, and the heat exchange surfaces 130 are provided with independent heat conductive elements 300. That is, the heat exchange surfaces 130 are located on opposite sides of the body 110, and each heat exchange surface 130 is independently configured with a heat conductive element 300. The sealed cavity comprises two isolated sub-cavities, with each heat conductive element 300 located in a corresponding sub-cavity. In this embodiment, each heat exchange surface 130 is thermally coupled to the corresponding battery cell 400 via the corresponding sub-cavity's sealing film 200, the heat conductive element 300, and finally the sealing film 200.

[0054] See also Figure 8 In the fourth embodiment shown, the sealing films 200 on different sides are interconnected to enclose the main body 110, while the sealed cavities on each side are interconnected, and each heat exchange surface 130 is thermally coupled through the connected heat conductive member 300. In this embodiment, the heat conductive member 300 located between two adjacent heat exchange surfaces 130 can be used alone to distribute heat between different heat conductive surfaces, or can be thermally coupled to other heat exchange components, such as a heat spreader between each group of battery cells 400. In this embodiment, each heat exchange surface 130 is thermally coupled to the battery cell 400 in sequence through the sealing film 200 on the corresponding side, the interconnected heat conductive member 300, and the sealing film 200 on the corresponding side. Unlike the previous embodiment, the two heat exchange surfaces 130 of the main body 110 can be thermally coupled to the battery cells 400 on both sides at the same time through the interconnected heat conductive member 300.

[0055] Based on the fourth embodiment, it can be understood that the connected sealing films 200 can form a relatively closed space. Under this idea, the body 110 can be directly set in the sealing cavity, that is, Figure 9As shown in the fifth embodiment shown in . In this embodiment, the heat transfer element 300 is directly provided on the heat exchange surface 130 of the main body 110, and the sealing film 200 seals and wraps the main body 110 and the heat transfer element 300, and the main body 110 does not serve as the side wall of the sealed cavity. Each heat transfer surface 130 is thermally coupled with the battery cell 400 in turn through the interconnected heat transfer elements 300 and the sealing film 200 on the corresponding side. Similar to the fourth embodiment, through the interconnected heat transfer elements 300, the two heat transfer surfaces 130 of the main body 110 can be thermally coupled with the battery cells 400 on both sides at the same time.

[0056] See also Figure 10 In the sixth embodiment shown, the sealing membrane 200 can also be set as the end of the open body 110. The sealing membrane 200 is a cylindrical structure, the side wall of the sealing membrane 200 is a sandwich structure and a sealed cavity is formed inside the sandwich structure, and the sealing membrane 200 is sleeved on the body 110. The inner side of the side wall of the sealing membrane 200 is thermally coupled with the body 110, and the outer side of the side wall of the sealing membrane 200 is thermally coupled with the battery cell 400. In the extension direction of the body 110, the cylindrical structure can be adapted to the length of the body 110, that is, a single body 110 is provided with only one cylindrical structure. See also Figure 10 In the embodiment, a single body 110 is provided with multiple cylindrical structures, each cylindrical structure being independent of each other. Each cylindrical structure can be supported against each other or can be supported as shown in FIG. Figure 10 The interval settings are shown in .

[0057] In the above embodiments, the thermal conductor 300 and the sealing film 200 need to deform to absorb the deformation stroke. To prevent the sealing film 200 from rupturing and causing sealing failure, in one embodiment, the strength of the thermal conductor 300 is lower than that of the sealing film 200. The strength can be understood as the degree of deformation of the thermal conductor 300 being greater than that of the sealing film 200 under the same stress; or the thermal conductor 300 being deformed before the sealing film 200 under the same stress. The deformability of the thermal conductor 300 is greater than that of the sealing film 200. The above arrangement can prevent the battery cell 400 and the thermal conductor 300 from generating shear force on the sealing film 200 during the deformation process of the battery cell 400, thereby preventing the sealing film 200 from being damaged. Furthermore, before deformation, the thickness ratio of the thermal conductor 300 to the body 110 is 0.1 to 0.5. In terms of specific material, the sealing film 200 is a polymer film with good ductility, such as a silicone film.

[0058] In order to ensure the mutual cooperation between the heat conductor 300 and the phase change material, in one embodiment, the porosity of the heat conductor 300 is 35% to 75%. Furthermore, the heat conductor 300 is a porous sponge. The pores in the sponge are equivalent to the capillary structure in the heat pipe to improve the working performance of the phase change material. The phase change material can be an inorganic phase change material and / or an organic phase change material and / or a composite phase change material. For example, ultrapure water, n-octadecane, calcium chloride hexahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, solid paraffin, capric acid, polyethylene glycol, lauric acid-palmitic acid, lauric acid, medicinal paraffin, solid paraffin, etc., and a combination of multiple materials can also be used. In order to adapt to the working environment of the battery cell 400, the phase change material should preferably have the following characteristics: insulation at room temperature and pressure (voltage range of 400V to 1000V), almost no corrosion to the battery cell material, stable properties at the battery cell operating temperature, not easy to decompose, non-toxic, non-flammable and non-explosive, flame retardant, small volume change before and after phase change, no supercooling phenomenon or very small supercooling during solidification, etc.

[0059] In the case where multiple battery cells form a battery array, the heat exchange device can be provided with multiple heat exchange plates 100, and the heat exchange medium flow channel 120 of each heat exchange plate 100 is connected to a cold source or a heat source. Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, a battery device is disclosed, comprising:

[0060] 400 battery cells, arranged in an array;

[0061] The heat exchange device, which utilizes phase change materials in this application, is disposed between the battery cells 400. In one embodiment, the battery cells 400 are arranged in groups, and the heat exchange device includes a plurality of heat exchange plates corresponding to each group of battery cells 400. The heat exchange medium flow channel 120 of each heat exchange plate is connected to a cold source or a hot source. Figure 1 In the embodiment, each heat exchange plate is connected to a bus bar 140. The bus bar 140 is connected to a cold source or a heat source. The heat exchange medium can be a water-based medium at normal pressure or a pressurized refrigerant.

[0062] The sealed cavities of each heat exchange plate can be interconnected or isolated. In the isolated sealed cavities of each heat exchange plate, a separate heat spreader can also be used to achieve uniform heat distribution throughout the battery device. The specific configuration of the heat exchange device is described above. Other structures of the battery device can be implemented in conjunction with existing technologies and will not be detailed here.

[0063] Furthermore, one embodiment of the present application also discloses a vehicle having the battery device of the present application. The specific configuration of the battery device is described above, and the other structures of the vehicle can be implemented in combination with existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The technical solution in the present application provides a cold end or a hot end through the main body 110, and the sealing film 200 and the phase change material form a flexible heat-conducting structure. The flexible heat-conducting structure can effectively conform to the deformation of the battery cell 400, thereby ensuring heat exchange efficiency while avoiding potential risks, reducing process requirements, and improving design space; at the same time, the phase change material can also increase the overall phase change latent heat of the battery device and improve thermal stability.

[0065] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined in any manner. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as no contradiction exists between these combinations of technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. When technical features in different embodiments are embodied in the same drawing, it can be deemed that the drawing also discloses examples of combinations of the various embodiments involved.

[0066] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of patent protection for the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat exchange device using a phase change material, comprising a heat exchange plate (100) for thermally coupling with a battery cell (400), characterized in that: The heat exchange plate (100) comprises: A main body (110), wherein a heat exchange medium flow channel (120) is provided in the main body (110); A sealing membrane (200) surrounds the outer periphery of the body (110) and forms a sealed cavity; A heat conducting member (300) is located in the sealed cavity, wherein the heat conducting member (300) is made of a flexible porous material and has a phase change material adsorbed thereon for heat conduction; The heat exchange medium in the body (110) is thermally coupled to the battery core (400) via the body (110), the heat conducting member (300) and the sealing film (200).

2. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body (110) is plate-shaped, and the side facing the battery core (400) is a heat exchange surface (130); the sealing film (200) is a bag-shaped structure, and the interior of the sealing film (200) forms the sealed cavity; The outer side of the sealing film (200) is in contact with the heat exchange surface (130), or the body (110) is located in the sealing cavity.

3. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body (110) is plate-shaped, and the side facing the battery core (400) is a heat exchange surface (130); the sealing film (200) is sealedly connected to the heat exchange surface (130) and encloses the sealed cavity.

4. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing film (200) is a cylindrical structure, the side wall of the sealing film (200) is a sandwich structure, and the sealing cavity is formed inside the sandwich structure. The sealing film (200) is sleeved on the body (110).

5. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two opposite sides of the body (110) are both heat exchange surfaces (130), and each heat exchange surface (130) is independently configured with the heat conducting member (300); The sealed cavity is connected as a whole; Or the sealed cavity includes two isolated sub-cavities, and each of the heat conducting members (300) is located in a corresponding sub-cavity.

6. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the heat conducting member (300) is 35% to 75%, and the strength of the heat conducting member (300) is lower than that of the sealing film (200).

7. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat conducting member (300) is a sheet-like porous sponge; and the thickness ratio of the heat conducting member (300) to the body (110) is 0.1 to 0.

5.

8. The heat exchange device using phase change material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange plates (100) are multiple, the heat exchange medium flow channel (120) of each heat exchange plate (100) is connected to a cold source or a heat source, and the sealed cavities of each heat exchange plate (100) are connected to or isolated from each other.

9. A battery device, characterized in that: include: The battery cells (400) are arranged in an array; A heat exchange device is a heat exchange device using phase change material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat exchange device is arranged between the battery cells (400).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A battery device according to claim 9.

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