Seed cutting platform of compact sugarcane seed cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a seed cutting platform of a compact sugarcane seed cutting machine. The seed cutting platform comprises a rack and a plurality of seed cutting mechanisms, the seed cutting mechanism comprises a moving frame; the air cylinder support is arranged on the movable frame, an air cylinder is arranged on the air cylinder support, and a cutter is arranged at the front end of a piston rod of the air cylinder; the detection device is arranged on the air cylinder; the cutting table is arranged on the movable frame and located behind the cutter, a sugarcane seed positioning groove is formed in the side, opposite to the cutter, of the cutting table in a concave mode, an L-shaped blocking rod is arranged on the cutting table, a sugarcane containing space is formed between the L-shaped blocking rod and the sugarcane seed positioning groove, at least two cutter grooves are formed in the side, opposite to the cutter, of the cutting table, and the cutter grooves are communicated with the L-shaped blocking rod. The depth of the cutter is greater than that of the sugarcane seed positioning groove; and a control unit. By the adoption of the seed cutting platform, the double-sugarcane seed cutting task of short-knot sugarcanes such as summer planting sugarcanes can be completed, meanwhile, single-bud sugarcane seeds can be prepared, and the seed cutting efficiency, quality and universality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cutting platform of a compact sugarcane cutter. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane is the primary raw material for sugar production in my country, and high-quality sugarcane seeds are a key factor in determining the quality and yield of sugarcane cultivation. Traditionally, sugarcane cultivation involves manual cutting and planting. With rising labor costs and the advancement of agricultural mechanization, mechanized sugarcane cultivation is gradually gaining popularity. Mechanized sugarcane planting equipment typically includes seed feeding, cutting, and seed placement. Sugarcane cutting is a crucial step in the sugarcane planting process, involving cutting the sugarcane stalks into planting-suitable segments to improve germination and survival rates. To improve sugarcane cutting efficiency, seed cutting machines have emerged. For example, Patent Publication No. CN109168499 A discloses a sugarcane pre-cutting workstation comprising a sugarcane conveying device, a sugarcane node identification device, and a cutting device. This cutting workstation uses the location of sugarcane nodes, as determined by the node identification device, to adjust the cutting positions of the various cutting mechanisms, ensuring that the cuts avoid nodes and buds, enabling large-scale production of sugarcane pre-cutting. However, when the device is used for cutting, it can only cut out sugarcane seeds with double buds or sugarcane seeds with multiple buds.

[0003] With the increasing popularity of summer sugarcane cultivation, the demand for summer sugarcane seed cutting is gaining increasing attention. Summer sugarcane is planted in late spring or summer and harvested in March or April of the following year. Its growing season is two to three months shorter than that of spring sugarcane, resulting in shorter plants and shorter nodes. In its first year, summer sugarcane has a low sugar content and high moisture content, resulting in fewer dormant buds, making it easier for the seedlings to sprout robustly and achieving a high germination rate. Due to its higher quality, summer sugarcane seeds often command a price 100 to 200 yuan higher per ton than spring sugarcane seeds. However, due to the agronomic characteristics of summer sugarcane, the nodes are generally shorter, ranging from 40 to 60 mm in length, and the buds are densely packed. However, the width of a single cutting table on existing seed cutters is relatively large, at approximately 136 mm. This makes it difficult to cut summer sugarcane into double-bud segments using these tables. When processing this type of sugarcane, conventional cutting tables can only cut seeds containing two or more buds.

[0004] Sugarcane tissue culture (TC) is currently used in sugarcane cultivation. Tissue culture is a highly efficient propagation technique. It can produce healthy sugarcane seedlings in large quantities in a short period of time, meeting the needs of large-scale planting. Sugarcane tissue culture typically uses single-bud seedlings. Single-bud seedlings, due to their smaller size and higher vigor, typically have a higher germination rate. Tissue culture allows for large-scale propagation within limited space, conserving land resources. The smaller size of single-bud seedlings makes them easier to transport and plant, improving planting efficiency. Tissue culture provides an efficient platform for sugarcane research and breeding, accelerating the development of new varieties. By increasing yields and reducing costs, Tissue culture can bring higher economic benefits to growers.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a compact sugarcane cutting platform for a sugarcane cutting machine, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing cutting platforms that they cannot cut single-bud sugarcane seeds or short-node double-bud sugarcane seeds.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a cutting platform of a compact sugarcane seed cutter, the sugarcane seed cutter comprising an identification black box and a conveyor chain, the identification black box being arranged above the conveyor chain for identifying sugarcane seeds and sugarcane node information, a photoelectric sensor being provided at the discharge end of the conveyor chain for detecting the amount of sugarcane seeds transported by the conveyor chain, the cutting platform being arranged at the discharge end of the conveyor chain, the cutting platform comprising a frame and a plurality of cutting mechanisms, the plurality of cutting mechanisms being arranged on the frame so as to be able to move back and forth horizontally and linearly; the cutting mechanism comprising: a movable frame being arranged on the frame, a movable device being provided on the movable frame, the movable frame being driven to move on the frame by the movable device; a cylinder bracket being arranged on the movable frame, a cylinder being provided on the cylinder bracket, a cutter being provided at the front end of the cylinder piston rod; a detection device being a pair of magnetic induction switches arranged on the cylinder , to judge the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod; a cutting table, which is arranged on the movable frame and is located behind the cutter, and a sugarcane seed positioning groove is formed on the side of the cutting table opposite to the cutter, and an "L"-shaped gear lever is provided on the cutting table, and the gear lever is located in front of the positioning groove and forms a sugarcane accommodating space with the sugarcane seed positioning groove, the height of the gear lever is greater than the height of the cutting table, and at least two cutting grooves are provided on the side of the cutting table opposite to the cutter, and the depth of the cutter is greater than the depth of the sugarcane seed positioning groove; and a control unit, which is connected to the conveying chain, the identification black box, the photoelectric sensor, the mobile device, the cylinder and the detection device, and the control unit is used to receive information transmitted by the identification black box, the photoelectric sensor and the detection device, and control the operation of the conveying chain, the mobile device and the cylinder according to the data information.

[0008] Preferably, in the above technical solution, there are three cutting grooves, and the gear lever is provided with the cutting groove close to the middle.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, there are two cutters, and the two cutters are arranged relatively parallel on a cutter frame, and the cutter frame is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the distance between the shift bar and the cutting platform is greater than the diameter of one sugarcane seed and smaller than the diameter of two sugarcane seeds, and the shift bar and the cutting knife are staggered.

[0011] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the upper surface of the cutting table is an inclined surface.

[0012] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane seed positioning groove is arc-shaped, V-shaped or U-shaped.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention offers the following advantages: The cutting platform of this compact sugarcane cutter is fully controllable at all stages, achieving a high degree of automation, reducing labor requirements and improving work efficiency. Sugarcane seeds are transported individually via a seed conveyor chain. A black box identifies the sugarcane node information and transmits this information to a control unit. In double-bud sugarcane cutting mode, the control unit calculates the cutting position based on the node position. In single-bud sugarcane cutting mode, the control unit uses the node position as the preset cutting position, which is then further verified and adjusted. The control unit compares this position with the cutting mechanism's real-time position to plan the cutting mechanism's movement path, ensuring it moves to the cutting position. When a sensor detects that sugarcane seeds have fallen onto the cutting platform, the control unit controls the cylinder to operate, driving the cutter blades to precisely cut the seeds, improving seed quality. The cutting mechanism is narrow overall, approximately 66 mm in width. Compared to existing cutting mechanisms, this width is 52% smaller, allowing it to be used for sugarcane seed with a minimum node length of 75 mm. The number of cutting mechanisms that can be installed on the same cutting platform has increased from 6 to 8-10, improving seed preparation efficiency. The cutting mechanism is also suitable for the production of single-bud and double-bud sugarcane seeds of common sugarcane varieties, demonstrating its versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting platform of a compact sugarcane cutting machine according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seed cutting mechanism in the seed cutting platform according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting platform in the seed cutting platform according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a double-knife cutting tool holder in a seed cutting platform according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder support in the seed cutting platform according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a side sectional schematic diagram of the installation position of the detection device in the seed cutting platform according to the utility model;

[0020] Description of main reference numerals:

[0021] 1-frame, 11-guide rail, 2-seed cutting mechanism, 21-moving frame, 22-cylinder, 23-cylinder bracket, 24-cutter frame, 25-cutter, 26-detection device, 27-cutting table, 271-seed sugarcane positioning groove, 272-cutter groove, 28-gear lever; 3-moving device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation.

[0023] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or variations such as "include" or "comprising", etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or other components.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 The figure shows a cutting platform for a compact sugarcane seed cutter according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The sugarcane seed cutter comprises an identification black box and a conveyor chain. The identification black box is located above the conveyor chain and is used to identify sugarcane nodes. The identification black box can be a black box structure with a camera installed inside that can capture node information of sugarcane seeds passing beneath it. A photoelectric sensor is installed at the discharge end of the conveyor chain to detect the amount of sugarcane seeds conveyed by the conveyor chain. The cutting platform is located at the discharge end of the conveyor chain and comprises a frame 1 and multiple cutting mechanisms 2. The cutting mechanisms 2 are mounted on the frame 1 and are capable of horizontal and linear reciprocating movement. Each cutting mechanism 2 is driven by a moving device 3 to adjust its position to avoid sugarcane nodes during cutting. The top of the frame 1 is provided with at least two parallel rails 11. Each cutting mechanism 2 is provided with a slider at a position corresponding to each rail 11, enabling left and right movement along the rail 11. The moving device includes a motor, a reducer, a gear, and a rack. The motor is connected to a computer so that the control unit can control the operation of the motor, thereby controlling the left and right movement of the seed cutting mechanism 2. The rack is mounted on the frame 1 and is located between the two guide rails 11. The rack and the guide rails 11 are arranged parallel to each other. The motor is mounted on the seed cutting mechanism 2, and the gear is mounted on the output shaft of the motor. The gear and the rack are engaged with each other. The motor drives the gear to rotate, which can drive the seed cutting mechanism 2 to move left and right on the frame 1. Among them, an encoder is installed on the motor for real-time detection of the position of the seed cutting mechanism 2, and the encoder is connected to the computer so that the computer can obtain the real-time position of the seed cutting mechanism 2, thereby obtaining the real-time position of the cutter along the left and right directions. For the specific structure of the seed cutting machine, reference can be made to the patent application with the patent publication number CN 109168499 A previously applied by the applicant.

[0025] The seed cutting mechanism includes a movable frame 21, which is mounted on the frame 1 for left and right movement and is driven by a moving device 3. A cylinder 22 is mounted on the movable frame 21 via a cylinder bracket 23. A cutter frame 24 is mounted in front of the piston rod of the cylinder 22. The piston rod of the cylinder 22 drives the cutter frame 24 back and forth. A cutter 25 is mounted vertically at the front end of the cutter frame 24 and is used to cut the sugarcane seeds. A cutting table 27 is mounted at the front end of the movable frame 21 and in front of the cutter 25. A sugarcane seed positioning groove 271 is recessed on the side of the cutting table 27 opposite the cutter 25. Specifically, the groove 271 is recessed on the rear side of the cutting table 27 to position the sugarcane seeds. The rear side of the cutting table 27 is also recessed with a cutter groove 272 corresponding to the cutter 25. There are at least two cutter grooves 272, arranged vertically and parallel to each other. The depth of the cutting groove 272 is greater than that of the seed cane positioning groove 271. When cutting the seed cane, the cutter 25 can penetrate deeply into the cutting groove 271, completely severing the cane. An L-shaped retaining bar 28 is provided on the cutting platform 27. The retaining bar 28 is located behind the positioning groove 271 and forms a cane holding space between the retaining bar 28 and the seed cane positioning groove 271. The retaining bar 28 is taller than the cutting platform 27, trapping the cane seeds between the retaining bar 28 and the seed cane positioning groove 271. Preferably, the vertical portion of the retaining bar 28 can be straight or curved. Preferably, the retaining bar 28 is straight with its opening facing forward to enhance its effectiveness in retaining the cane. The retaining bar 28 is 104 mm high, the cutting platform 27 is 92 mm high, and the seed cane positioning groove 271 is 40 mm high. The cutter 25 is 30 mm long, 2 mm thick, and 110 mm high. The rear end of the conveyor chain is positioned to correspond to the position between the shift lever 28 and the sugarcane seed positioning slot 271, thereby conveying the sugarcane seeds there. The distance between the shift lever 28 and the sugarcane seed positioning slot 271 is greater than the diameter of one sugarcane seed and less than the diameter of two sugarcane seeds. The shift lever 28 and the cutter 25 are staggered in the left-right direction so that the shift lever 28 does not interfere with the movement of the cutter 25.

[0026] A detection device 26 is installed on the lower surface of the cylinder 22. This detection device consists of a pair of magnetic induction switches, namely, a first and a second magnetic induction switch, which detect whether the cylinder's piston rod is extended and retracted. This serves to determine whether the cutter has cut the sugarcane seeds and whether it has been retracted after cutting. The conveyor chain, the camera that identifies the black box, the photoelectric sensor, the moving device, the cylinder, and the detection device are all connected to a control unit (a single-chip microcomputer). The control unit receives information from the black box, the photoelectric sensor, and the detection device, and controls the operation of the sugarcane seed conveyor chain, the moving device, and the cylinder based on this information.

[0027] Each cutting mechanism features a groove on the bottom of the cylinder to accommodate a magnetic sensor. When the cutter blade moves forward to cut the sugarcane seeds and enters the cutter groove, the magnetic ring on the cylinder's piston rod triggers the first magnetic sensor and sends a signal to the computer, which then controls the cutter blade to retract and return to its original position. When the cutter blade retracts and is fully retracted, the magnetic ring on the cylinder's piston rod triggers the second magnetic sensor and sends a signal to the computer, which then initiates the next round of cutting.

[0028] The present invention's cutting platform features fully controllable processes and a high degree of automation, reducing labor requirements and improving work efficiency. Sugarcane seeds are transported individually via a seed conveyor chain. A black box identifies the sugarcane node information and transmits it to a control unit, which calculates the cutting position. This information is then compared with the cutting mechanism's real-time position to plan the cutting mechanism's movement path, ensuring its movement to the cutting position. When sensors detect that sugarcane seeds have fallen onto the cutting platform, the control unit activates a pneumatic cylinder, driving the cutter blades to precisely cut the sugarcane seeds, improving seed quality. The cutting mechanism is narrow overall, approximately 55 mm in width. Compared to existing cutting mechanisms, this is 59% smaller and can be used to prepare sugarcane seeds with a minimum node length of 60 mm. The number of cutting mechanisms that can be installed on a single cutting platform has increased from six to eight to ten, improving seed preparation efficiency. This cutting mechanism is also suitable for producing single-bud and double-bud sugarcane seeds of common sugarcane varieties, demonstrating its versatility.

[0029] Preferably, there are three cutting grooves, and the shift lever is arranged near the middle cutting groove. There are two cutters, and the two cutters are arranged relatively parallel on the cutting frame, and the cutting frame is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder. The cutting frame widens the crossbeam to 40mm, and cutters are installed on both sides of the crossbeam. When cutting single-bud sugarcane mode, the sugarcane bud area is located between the two cutters, and single-bud sugarcane with a length of about 40mm can be fixedly cut out. There are three cutting grooves to realize cutting in single-bud and double-bud modes. The second cutting groove in the middle is used in the double-bud sugarcane cutting mode, and the first and third cutting grooves on both sides are used in the single-bud sugarcane cutting mode.

[0030] Preferably, the upper surface of the cutting platform 27 can be made into an inclined surface to facilitate the sugarcane to roll down between the stop bar 14 and the sugarcane seed positioning groove 12.

[0031] Preferably, the sugarcane seed positioning groove 271 can be in an arc shape, a V shape, a U shape or other shapes. Preferably, the sugarcane seed positioning groove 271 is in a V shape with the opening facing backward, so as to facilitate positioning of the sugarcane seed and to accommodate sugarcane seeds of different diameters.

[0032] A method for controlling a cutting platform of a compact sugarcane cutting machine comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) The conveyor chain is driven to rotate, and the sugarcane seeds are transported to the cutting platform one by one.

[0034] (2) When the sugarcane seeds in the conveyor chain pass through the identification black box, the camera of the identification black box dynamically samples the sugarcane image, obtains the sugarcane seed and sugarcane node information, and sends this sugarcane node information to the computer.

[0035] (3) The computer can intelligently identify the location of sugarcane nodes.

[0036] (4) The computer calculates the cutting position of the cutter according to the cutting mode and the position of the sugarcane node, and controls each cutting mechanism to move to the specified position according to the cutting position. When the photoelectric sensor at the rear end of the sugarcane seed conveyor chain detects that the sugarcane seeds have been delivered to the cutting table, the computer controls the sugarcane seed conveyor chain to stop conveying and controls the cylinder to drive the cutter to move forward to cut the sugarcane seeds.

[0037] (5) After the sugarcane is cut, the cutter has cut through the sugarcane and moved into the cutter groove. The first magnetic induction switch is triggered, and the computer controls the cylinder to retract the piston rod, driving the cutter to reset. When the cutter is retracted into place, the second magnetic induction switch is triggered, and the computer begins to plan the next round of cutting.

[0038] (6) Repeat steps (1) to (5) until all sugarcane seeds are cut.

[0039] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the present invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various options and variations. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cutting platform for a compact sugarcane cutting machine, comprising an identification black box and a conveyor chain, wherein the identification black box is disposed above the conveyor chain and is used to identify sugarcane seeds and sugarcane node information, a photoelectric sensor is disposed at the discharge end of the conveyor chain and is used to detect the amount of sugarcane seeds transported by the conveyor chain, the cutting platform is disposed at the discharge end of the conveyor chain, the cutting platform comprises a frame and a plurality of cutting mechanisms, the plurality of cutting mechanisms being disposed on the frame and capable of horizontal and linear reciprocating movement; characterized in that: The seed cutting mechanism comprises: A movable frame is provided on the frame, and a moving device is provided on the movable frame, and the movable frame is driven to move on the frame by the moving device; A cylinder bracket is provided on the movable frame, wherein a cylinder is provided on the cylinder bracket, and a cutting knife is provided at the front end of the cylinder piston rod; A detection device, which is a pair of magnetic induction switches, is provided on the cylinder to determine the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod; a cutting platform provided on the movable frame and located in front of the cutter; a sugarcane seed positioning groove is formed on a side of the cutting platform opposite to the cutter; an L-shaped shift lever is provided on the cutting platform, the shift lever is located behind the positioning groove and forms a sugarcane storage space between the shift lever and the sugarcane seed positioning groove; the height of the shift lever is greater than the height of the cutting platform; at least two cutting grooves are provided on the side of the cutting platform opposite to the cutter; the depth of the cutter is greater than the depth of the sugarcane seed positioning groove; and A control unit is connected to the conveying chain, the identification black box, the photoelectric sensor, the moving device, the cylinder and the detection device. The control unit is used to receive information transmitted by the identification black box, the photoelectric sensor and the detection device, and control the operation of the conveying chain, the moving device and the cylinder according to the data information.

2. The cutting platform of the compact sugarcane cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three cutting grooves, and the gear lever is arranged near the cutting groove in the middle.

3. The cutting platform of the compact sugarcane cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two cutters, which are arranged relatively parallel on a cutter frame, and the cutter frame is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder.

4. The cutting platform of the compact sugarcane cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the shift bar and the cutting platform is greater than the diameter of one sugarcane seed and smaller than the diameters of two sugarcane seeds, and the shift bar and the cutting knife are staggered.

5. The cutting platform of the compact sugarcane cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the cutting platform is an inclined surface.

6. The cutting platform of the compact sugarcane cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sugarcane seed positioning groove is in an arc shape, a V shape or a U shape.

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