Vertical pulverizer with drying function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical crusher with a drying function. The vertical crusher comprises a base, a blanking hopper, a crushing hopper, a conveying barrel, a screw rod, a motor, a discharge port, a rotary blade, a main air inlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a discharge port, a screening net, a receiving box, a recycling box and an observation port. A main air inlet and multiple layers of air inlets are formed, hot air is blown to the inner wall of the crushing hopper and the rotary blades while drying and drying fertilizer blocks in the crushing hopper, and the fertilizer blocks are prevented from caking and adhering to the inner wall of the crushing hopper and being accumulated and agglomerated at the bottom of the crushing hopper; the screening net is arranged to screen completely crushed fertilizer blocks and incompletely crushed fertilizer blocks, the material collecting box is used for collecting the completely crushed fertilizer blocks, and the recycling box is used for collecting the incompletely crushed fertilizer blocks to continue crushing and crushing, so that the subsequent process is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crushers for fertilizer production equipment, in particular to a vertical crusher with a drying function. Background Art

[0002] The equipment in a fertilizer production line primarily consists of a fertilizer turner, an organic fertilizer pulverizer, a dynamic batching machine, an organic fertilizer mixer, an organic fertilizer granulator, a dryer, a cooler, a drum screening machine, a film coating machine, and an automatic packaging machine. A pulverizer is a machine that crushes large solid raw materials to the required size and is a fundamental piece of equipment in a fertilizer production line. For example, Chinese invention patent publication CN212189365 U discloses a vertical chain hammer pulverizer comprising a pulverizer body, a screening mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a pulverizing chamber. The screening mechanism is located at the center of the bottom of the pulverizer body, the cleaning mechanism is located on one side of the top of the pulverizer body, and the pulverizing chamber is located in the middle of the pulverizer body. The screening mechanism facilitates the collection and secondary processing of fertilizer blocks that do not meet specifications, effectively improving product quality and reducing user costs. This eliminates the need for workers to sort products later, reducing labor intensity. The cleaning mechanism eliminates the need to remove the pulley dust cover when cleaning the belt, facilitating regular cleaning of the belt surface. However, the invention lacks the drying and drying treatment of the fertilizer blocks, which easily causes the semi-(high) wet fertilizer blocks to adhere to the inner wall of the crushing chamber and related mechanisms.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent publication CN 218459697 U discloses a vertical pulverizer for producing microbial fertilizers. The pulverizer comprises a bracket, a crushing box fixedly connected to the top of the bracket, a second motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the drive end of the second motor, a partition fixedly connected to the interior of the crushing box, and a plurality of filter holes evenly distributed around the inner perimeter of the partition. The rotating rod extends through the middle of the partition and is fixedly connected to a plurality of slats, each of which is fixedly connected to a crushing blade on the side of the slats. The crushing blades are each rotatably connected to the top of the partition. The first motor, crushing blades, second motor, and crushing blades are used to pulverize the fertilizer multiple times. The presence of a humidity sensor, controller, and heating wire prevents fertilizer from sticking, achieving the technical effects of efficient pulverization and preventing clumping and adhesion, thereby achieving the technical objectives of improved absorption and eliminating the need for cleaning. However, this invention uses two motors, resulting in a complex structure. Furthermore, it lacks a device for separating incompletely pulverized fertilizer lumps from completely pulverized fertilizer lumps, which can easily result in some fertilizer lumps remaining in the processed fertilizer, causing unnecessary trouble in subsequent processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a vertical crusher with a drying function.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vertical crusher with a drying function includes a base, a lower hopper, a crushing hopper, a feeding barrel, a screw, a motor, a discharge port, a rotating blade, a main air inlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a discharge port, a screening net, a material collection box, a recovery box and an observation port.

[0007] The base is supported by four brackets erected from bottom to top, the bottoms of the four brackets are welded together with square support plates, and the four brackets are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees along the center of the square.

[0008] A lower hopper is provided at the center of the bottom of the base. The lower hopper is a funnel with square upper and lower planes. The side length of the square on the upper plane of the lower hopper is greater than the side length of the square on the lower plane. The lower hopper is provided in the middle of the bottom of the base, and the outer side surface of the lower hopper is connected to the horizontal support plate on the base by welding.

[0009] A crushing bucket is arranged directly above the lower hopper. The upper part of the crushing bucket is a hollow cylinder, and the lower part of the crushing bucket is a cylindrical funnel with circular upper and lower planes. The radius of the circular upper plane is larger than the radius of the circular lower plane. The circumference of the upper plane is welded to the bottom circumference of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket, and the outer side of the top circumference of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket is fixedly connected to the four brackets of the base by welding.

[0010] A feeding barrel is provided at the center of the lower plane square at the bottom of the lower hopper. The feeding barrel is cylindrical and extends upward from the bottom of the lower hopper to the top of the inside of the crushing bucket. A screw is provided inside the feeding barrel, and the screw is provided with a spiral blade that rises spirally from bottom to top. The spiral blade fits tightly against the inner wall of the feeding barrel. The screw extends from the bottom of the lower hopper to the top of the inside of the crushing bucket. A motor is provided on the outside of the top of the crushing bucket, and the motor is fixed on the side wall of the crushing bucket; a screw sleeve is put on the central axis of the screw, and the screw sleeve is connected to the screw by gear meshing, and the screw sleeve is connected to the drive shaft of the motor by a belt; a feeding barrel sleeve is put on the top outer ring of the feeding barrel, and the feeding barrel sleeve is meshed with 4 or 6 small holes opened at the top of the feeding barrel, and the feeding barrel sleeve is connected to the drive shaft of the motor by a belt.

[0011] The upper part of the feeding barrel is 20-50 mm away from the top of the crushing bucket, and a number of discharge ports are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the feeding barrel; on the outer wall of the feeding barrel, from the bottom of the cylinder of the crushing bucket to 100-150 mm away from the top of the crushing bucket, several layers of rotating blades are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the feeding barrel, and the rotating blades are evenly and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the feeding barrel in the horizontal direction, and the outer ends of the rotating blades are tightly fitted with the inner walls of the crushing bucket, and the inner ends of the rotating blades are connected and fixed to the outer wall of the feeding barrel with sleeves; a total air inlet is provided on the bottom outer wall of the lower circular funnel of the crushing bucket, and several layers of air inlets are provided on the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket and the inner wall of the lower circular funnel, and the air inlets are evenly and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the feeding barrel on the circumference in the horizontal direction. The outer walls are distributed at equal distances upward from the bottom of the crushing bucket, and the position corresponds to the rotating blade. An air outlet is provided on the top outer wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket; a discharge port is provided in the middle of the bottom of the circular funnel of the lower part of the crushing bucket near the feed cylinder, and a discharge control valve is provided at the discharge port; a screening mesh is provided on the side of the base, and the screening mesh is inclined at a certain angle to the axial direction of the base, and the discharge port points to the top upper edge of the screening mesh through a discharge pipe; a material receiving box is provided directly below the screening mesh, and a recovery box is provided next to the bottom edge of the screening mesh. An observation port is provided on the middle outer wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket.

[0012] Preferably, the main air inlet and the air inlet are interconnected in the middle of the inner wall and the outer wall of the crushing bucket.

[0013] Preferably, the main air inlet and the air outlet are connected to another hot air supply system through a hot air duct; the main air inlet and the air outlet are screwed to the outer wall of the crushing bucket by an external hexagonal nut, and reinforced with a sealing ring, and the circular inner wall of the other end of the external hexagonal nut is connected to the plastic buckle and reinforced with a rubber sealing ring, and the plastic buckle can be pressed to install and remove the hot air duct.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, hot air can be used to dry and dry the fertilizer blocks in the crushing bucket, and on the other hand, hot air can be blown toward the inner wall of the crushing bucket and the rotating blade to prevent the fertilizer blocks from clumping and adhering to the inner wall of the crushing bucket and accumulating and clumping at the bottom of the crushing bucket.

[0015] Preferably, the lower hopper, crushing hopper, feeding cylinder, screw, discharge port, rotating blade and air inlet are all symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the crushing hopper as the center of the circle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the main components of the crusher can form a uniformly distributed structure, with the center and center of gravity both located on the central axis.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating blade has a parabolic arc blade structure, and the cutting edge of the rotating blade faces the radial outer end direction of the arc.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the blade edge of the rotating blade can crush or pulverize the fertilizer block only during the rotation process, and the crushing or pulverizing time on the fertilizer block can be longer.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the rotating blades in each layer is 6 or 8.

[0020] Preferably, a barrier door is hingedly connected to the observation port; a hook is fixed to the side of the barrier door away from the crushing bucket, a clamping rod is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket, and the clamping rod is hingedly connected to a hanging ring that cooperates with the hook buckle at one end close to the crushing bucket.

[0021] The above technical solution provides an observation port for the operator to observe the mixing status of materials in the crushing bucket and to facilitate cleaning and maintain the cleanliness of the crushing bucket. The baffle door can close the observation port without affecting the normal operation of the crushing bucket. The baffle door is locked to the side wall of the crushing bucket by using the hasp of the hanging ring and the hook, and then the hanging ring is pressed by the clamping rod.

[0022] Preferably, the rotation directions of the screw and the feeding barrel can be the same or opposite.

[0023] Preferably, the discharge openings are long rectangular strips, and the number is 4 or 6.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. The main air inlet and multi-layer air inlet are set. Hot air not only dries the fertilizer lumps in the crushing hopper, but also blows towards the inner wall of the crushing hopper and the rotating blades, preventing the fertilizer lumps from clumping and adhering to the inner wall of the crushing hopper and accumulating at the bottom of the crushing hopper.

[0026] 2. Set up a screening net to screen the completely crushed fertilizer blocks and the incompletely crushed fertilizer blocks, use the collecting box to collect the completely crushed fertilizer blocks, and use the recycling box to collect the incompletely crushed fertilizer blocks for further crushing and pulverizing, which is convenient for the subsequent process.

[0027] 3. Using only one motor makes the structure simpler than using two motors. In addition to saving costs, it also reduces maintenance opportunities and expenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0029] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical crusher with a drying function proposed in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 Shown in: 1. Base, 2. Lower hopper, 3. Crushing hopper, 4. Feed barrel, 5. Screw, 6. Motor, 7. Discharge port, 8. Rotating blade, 9. Main air inlet, 10. Air inlet, 11. Air outlet, 12. Discharge port, 13. Screening net, 14. Collection box, 15. Recovery box, 16. Observation port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower" etc. used in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships shall be deemed to be within the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 The utility model discloses a vertical crusher with a drying function, including a base 1, a lower hopper 2, a crushing bucket 3, a feeding cylinder 4, a screw 5, a motor 6, a discharge port 7, a rotating blade 8, a main air inlet 9, an air inlet 10, an air outlet 11, a discharge port 12, a screening net 13, a material receiving box 14, a recovery box 15 and an observation port 16.

[0035] The base 1 is supported by four brackets standing upright from bottom to top, which is used to support the vertical crusher; a lower hopper 2 is set at the center of the bottom of the base 1, and the outer side of the lower hopper 2 is welded to the horizontal support plate on the base 1; a crushing bucket 3 is set directly above the lower hopper 2, and the outer side of the top circumference of the upper cylindrical part of the crushing bucket 3 is welded and fixedly connected with the four brackets of the base; a feeding cylinder 4 is set at the center of the lower plane square at the bottom of the lower hopper 2, and a screw 5 is set inside the feeding cylinder 4, and a spiral blade is set from bottom to top; a motor 6 is set on the outside of the top of the crushing bucket 3, and the motor 6 is fixed to the side wall of the crushing bucket 3; the feeding cylinder 4 and the screw 5 are connected to the drive shaft of the motor 6 by a belt through a sleeve; the upper part of the feeding cylinder 4 is 20-50 4 or 6 long rectangular discharge ports 7 are opened on the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 4; on the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 4, from the bottom of the cylinder of the crushing bucket 3 to 100-150 mm away from the top of the crushing bucket, several layers of rotating blades 8 are arranged that are tightly fitted with the inner wall of the crushing bucket 3, and the rotating blades 8 are of a parabolic arc blade structure, with the cutting edge of the rotating blade facing the outer end direction of the arc radial direction; a total air inlet 9 is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the crushing bucket 3, and several layers of air inlets 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket 3 and the inner wall of the lower circular funnel, and the total air inlet 9 and the air inlet 10 are interconnected in the middle of the inner wall and outer wall of the crushing bucket 3; the crushing An air outlet 11 is provided on the top outer wall of the bucket 3; a discharge port 12 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the crushing bucket 3 near the feed cylinder 4, and a discharge control valve is provided at the discharge port 12; an inclined screening mesh 13 is provided on the side of the base 1, and the discharge port 12 points to the top upper edge of the screening mesh 13 through a discharge pipe; a receiving box 14 is provided directly below the screening mesh 13, and a recovery box 15 is provided next to the bottom edge of the screening mesh 13; an observation port 16 is provided on the middle outer wall of the crushing bucket 3.

[0036] The pulverizing process of the vertical pulverizer with drying function of the utility model is as follows:

[0037] 1. Fertilizer blocks enter the feeding tube 4 from the lower hopper 2;

[0038] 2. The fertilizer blocks are squeezed and pushed upward by the rotation of the screw 5, while the spiral blades on the screw 5 cut and crush the fertilizer blocks.

[0039] 3. The fertilizer blocks spiral up to the discharge port 7, are discharged from the discharge port 7, and fall onto the first layer of rotating blades 8;

[0040] 4. The fertilizer blocks are cut and crushed by the first layer of rotating blades 8;

[0041] 5. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fertilizer lumps are crushed by the first layer of rotating blades 8, stirred and dispersed onto the inner wall of the crushing bucket 3, and then blown by the hot air blown out of the first layer of air inlet 10 onto the second layer of rotating blades 8;

[0042] 6. The fertilizer blocks are cut and crushed by the second layer of rotating blades 8;

[0043] 7. Under the action of centrifugal force, the fertilizer lumps are crushed by the second layer of rotating blades 8, stirred and dispersed onto the inner wall of the crushing bucket 3, and then blown by the hot air blown out of the second layer of air inlet 10 onto the third layer of rotating blades 8;

[0044] 8. Repeat steps 4 and 5 or steps 6 and 7 until the fertilizer blocks fall onto the cylindrical funnel at the bottom of the crushing bucket 3;

[0045] 9. The fertilizer blocks are blown by hot air from the air inlet 10 on the lower cylindrical funnel of the crushing hopper 3, sliding down the inner wall of the cylindrical funnel to the bottom of the crushing hopper 3;

[0046] 10. Open the discharge control valve at the discharge port 12. The fertilizer blocks flow out from the discharge port 12 through the discharge pipe and onto the screening net 13.

[0047] 11. Completely crushed fertilizer lumps can pass through the screening mesh 13 and fall into the collection box 14. Fertilizer lumps that are not completely crushed cannot pass through the screening mesh 13, and slide down the inclined surface of the screening mesh 13 to the bottom edge of the screening mesh 13 and fall into the recovery box 15.

[0048] 12. The completely crushed fertilizer blocks in the receiving box 14 can be put into the next process, and the incompletely crushed fertilizer blocks in the recovery box 15 are put back into the lower hopper 2 to continue crushing.

[0049] Of course, the embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical crusher with drying function, characterized by: The machine comprises a base (1), a lower hopper (2), a crushing hopper (3), a feeding cylinder (4), a screw (5), a motor (6), a discharge port (7), a rotating blade (8), a main air inlet (9), an air inlet (10), an air outlet (11), a discharge port (12), a screening net (13), a material receiving box (14), a recovery box (15) and an observation port (16); The base (1) is supported by four brackets erected from bottom to top, the bottoms of the four brackets are welded together with square support plates, and the four brackets are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees along the center of the square; A lower hopper (2) is provided at the center of the bottom of the base (1). The lower hopper (2) is a funnel with upper and lower planes being square. The side length of the square of the upper plane of the lower hopper (2) is greater than the side length of the square of the lower plane. The lower hopper (2) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the base (1). The outer side surface of the lower hopper (2) is connected to the horizontal support plate on the base (1) by welding. A crushing bucket is arranged just above the lower hopper, the upper part of the crushing bucket (3) is a hollow cylinder, the lower part of the crushing bucket (3) is a cylindrical funnel with circular upper and lower planes, the radius of the circular upper plane is larger than the radius of the circular lower plane, the circumference of the upper plane is welded to the bottom circumference of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket (3), and the outer side of the top circumference of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket (3) is fixedly connected to the four brackets of the base (1) by welding; A feeding barrel (4) is provided at the center of the lower plane square at the bottom of the lower hopper (2). The feeding barrel (4) is cylindrical and extends upward from the bottom of the lower hopper (2) to the top of the crushing bucket (3). A screw (5) is provided inside the feeding barrel (4). The screw (5) is provided with a spiral blade that rises from the bottom to the top. The spiral blade fits tightly with the inner wall of the feeding barrel (4). The screw (5) extends from the bottom of the lower hopper (2) to the top of the crushing bucket (3). A motor (6) is provided on the outside, and the motor (6) is fixed on the side wall of the crushing bucket (3); a screw sleeve is put on the central axis of the screw (5), the screw sleeve and the screw (5) are connected by gear engagement, and the screw sleeve and the drive shaft of the motor (6) are connected by a belt; a feed barrel sleeve is put on the top outer ring of the feed barrel (4), the feed barrel sleeve and the 4 or 6 small holes opened on the top of the feed barrel (4) are connected by engagement, and the feed barrel sleeve and the drive shaft of the motor (6) are connected by a belt; The upper portion of the feeding cylinder (4) is 20-50 mm away from the top of the crushing bucket (3), and a plurality of discharge openings (7) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the feeding cylinder (4); on the outer wall of the feeding cylinder (4), from the bottom of the cylinder of the crushing bucket (3) upward to 100-150 mm away from the top of the crushing bucket (3), a plurality of discharge openings (7) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction; mm, a plurality of layers of rotating blades (8) are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the feeding barrel (4), the rotating blades (8) are uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the feeding barrel (4) in the horizontal direction, the outer ends of the rotating blades (8) are tightly fitted with the inner walls of the crushing bucket (3), and the inner ends of the rotating blades (8) are connected and fixed to the outer wall of the feeding barrel (4) by sleeves; a total air inlet (9) is provided on the bottom outer wall of the lower circular funnel of the crushing bucket (3), and a plurality of layers of air inlets (10) are provided on the inner wall of the upper cylinder and the inner wall of the lower circular funnel of the crushing bucket (3), the air inlets (10) are uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the feeding barrel (4) on the circumference in the horizontal direction, and the air inlets (10) are connected along the outer wall of the crushing bucket (3) from the crushing bucket (3) to the inner wall of the crushing bucket (3). ) are evenly spaced upward from the bottom and are positioned corresponding to the rotating blades (8); an air outlet (11) is provided on the top outer wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket (3); a discharge port (12) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the circular funnel of the lower part of the crushing bucket (3) near the feeding cylinder (4), and a discharge control valve is provided at the discharge port (12); a screening net (13) is provided on the side of the base (1), and the screening net (13) is inclined at a certain angle to the axial direction of the base (1), and the discharge port (12) points to the top upper edge of the screening net (13) through a discharge pipe; a receiving box (14) is provided directly below the screening net (13), a recovery box (15) is provided next to the bottom edge of the screening net, and an observation port (16) is provided on the middle outer wall of the upper cylinder of the crushing bucket (3).

2. A vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main air inlet (9) and the air inlet (10) are interconnected in the middle of the inner wall and the outer wall of the crushing bucket (3).

3. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main air inlet (9) and the air outlet (11) are connected to another hot air supply system through a hot air duct; the main air inlet (9) and the air outlet (11) are respectively screwed to the outer wall of the crushing bucket (3) by an external hexagonal nut and reinforced with a sealing ring; the circular inner wall of the other end of the external hexagonal nut is connected to a plastic buckle and reinforced with a rubber sealing ring, and the hot air duct is installed and removed in a pressable manner by the plastic buckle.

4. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower hopper (2), crushing hopper (3), feeding cylinder (4), screw (5), discharge port (7), rotating blade (8) and air inlet (10) are all arranged symmetrically with the central axis of the crushing hopper (3) as the center of the circle.

5. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating blade (8) is a parabolic arc blade structure, and the cutting edge of the rotating blade (8) faces the radial outer end direction of the arc.

6. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the rotating blades (8) in each layer is 6 or 8.

7. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking door is hingedly connected to the observation port (16); a hook is fixed to the side of the blocking door away from the crushing bucket (3); a clamping rod is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket (3); and a hanging ring that cooperates with the hook is hingedly connected to the end of the clamping rod close to the crushing bucket (3).

8. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation directions of the screw (5) and the feeding barrel (4) can be the same or opposite.

9. The vertical crusher with drying function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge openings (7) are in the shape of long rectangles, and there are four or six of them.

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