Exchange mechanism, grinding unit and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to an exchange mechanism, a grinding unit and a machine tool, the exchange mechanism comprises a storage module, a mounting module and a buffer module, the storage module comprises a fixing assembly, the storage module is movably arranged on the mounting module, the buffer module is arranged on the mounting module, and the buffer module comprises a buffer end arranged corresponding to the storage module. The exchange mechanism can be used for achieving replacement of the grinding wheel assembly in the grinding machine, the storage module is movably arranged on the installation module, the position change of the storage module relative to the installation module can be achieved, the buffer module comprises the buffer end arranged corresponding to the storage module, and when the storage module moves relative to the installation module to achieve return stroke, the storage module can be replaced. The buffering end abuts against the storage module or the grinding wheel assembly stored on the storage module, buffering of the return stroke inertia of the storage module can be achieved, the grinding wheel assembly is fixed through the fixing assembly of the storage module during return stroke, the storage module is prevented from violently shaking due to the inertia, and the stability of the exchange mechanism can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automated processing equipment, and in particular to an exchange mechanism, a grinding processing unit and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In automated machining equipment, machine tools must be equipped with cutting tools or grinding wheel assemblies of varying specifications to meet varying workpiece processing requirements. Quickly and conveniently replacing these tools or grinding wheel assemblies is crucial to improving production efficiency.

[0003] For example, in order to meet the demands of machining a wide variety of complex cutting tools, tool grinders must switch between various grinding wheels of varying sizes and types during the machining process. Manually replacing grinding wheel assemblies is labor-intensive and inefficient, failing to meet the demands of automated machining. Therefore, a grinding wheel exchange mechanism with high efficiency, compact size, large capacity, and ease of use is needed.

[0004] However, the existing automatic grinding wheel exchange mechanism carries multiple grinding wheel towers of different models, which easily generates large inertia due to its heavy weight during the return stroke, causing the material rack storing the grinding wheel tower to vibrate greatly, making it impossible to ensure the stability of the grinding wheel exchange mechanism. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides an exchange mechanism, a grinding processing unit and a machine tool to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the grinding wheel assembly of the automatic exchange mechanism easily generates large inertia due to its large weight during the return stroke, resulting in poor stability of the grinding wheel exchange mechanism.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an exchange mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A storage module, the storage module including a fixed component;

[0008] Installation module, storage module activity is set on the installation module;

[0009] The buffer module is arranged on the mounting module, and the buffer module includes a buffer end arranged corresponding to the storage module.

[0010] Optionally, the storage module further includes a detection component and a swing arm frame, the swing arm frame is provided with a plurality of storage locations, and the detection component is provided on the fixed component;

[0011] Optionally, the mounting module includes a mounting frame and a first rotation driving component, one end of the swing arm frame is rotatably disposed on the mounting frame, and the first rotation driving component is respectively connected to the mounting frame and the swing arm frame.

[0012] Optionally, a side of the mounting frame close to the swing arm frame has a support portion, and the buffer end is arranged to protrude from the support portion.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present application provides a grinding processing unit, including the exchange mechanism, processing mechanism and rotating mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present application, the processing mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism, the processing mechanism includes a detachable grinding wheel assembly, and the storage module in the exchange mechanism is matched with the grinding wheel assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes a first rotating shaft assembly, a connecting frame and a second rotating shaft assembly, the first rotating shaft assembly and the second rotating shaft assembly are coaxially arranged, and the two ends of the connecting frame are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft assembly and the second rotating shaft assembly; the processing mechanism is movably arranged on the connecting frame, and there is a preset distance between the processing mechanism and the rotating axis of the rotating mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting frame includes a first connecting arm, a vertical plate and a second connecting arm; the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are vertically arranged at both ends of the vertical plate; the end of the first connecting arm away from the vertical plate is connected to one of the first rotating shaft assembly and the second rotating shaft assembly, and the end of the second connecting arm away from the vertical plate is connected to the other of the first rotating shaft assembly and the second rotating shaft assembly.

[0016] In the third aspect, the present application provides a machine tool, including the grinding processing unit and the machine tool body provided in the second aspect of the present application, and the exchange mechanism is movably arranged on the machine tool body; along the rotation axis direction of the rotating mechanism, both ends of the rotating mechanism are rotatably arranged on the machine tool body.

[0017] Optionally, the machine tool body further includes a first sliding assembly, a second sliding assembly and a third sliding assembly whose sliding directions are perpendicular to each other, and the first sliding assembly, the second sliding assembly and the third sliding assembly drive the exchange mechanism and the processing mechanism to move relative to each other.

[0018] Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a clamping module movably arranged on the machine tool body, and the exchange mechanism is arranged on the clamping module.

[0019] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] The exchange mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used to replace grinding wheel assemblies of different specifications in a grinding machine. Among them, the storage module includes a fixed component that can be used to store the grinding wheel assembly. The storage module is movably arranged on the mounting module, which can realize the position change of the storage module relative to the mounting module, so as to facilitate the movement of the grinding wheel assembly to the designated replacement position. After the grinding wheel replacement is completed, the storage module is moved relative to the mounting module to realize the return stroke, so as to avoid the storage module from interfering with the processing area of ​​the installed grinding wheel assembly. The buffer module is arranged on the mounting module, and the buffer module includes a buffer end arranged corresponding to the storage module. When the storage module moves relative to the mounting module to realize the return stroke, the buffer end abuts the storage module or the grinding wheel assembly stored on the storage module, so as to realize the buffering of the return inertia of the storage module, and fixes the grinding wheel assembly by the fixed component of the storage module during the return stroke, so as to avoid the storage module from vigorous shaking due to inertia, thereby ensuring the stability of the exchange mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the switching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A front view of the switching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of the grinding unit provided in an embodiment of the present application in a machine tool body;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the processing mechanism and the rotating mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure inside a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection between the exchange mechanism and the clamping module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of replacing a grinding wheel assembly inside a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Storage module; 110. Fixing assembly; 120. Detection assembly; 130. Swing arm frame;

[0035] 2. Mounting module; 210. Mounting frame; 211. First support portion; 212. Second support portion; 220. First rotary drive member;

[0036] 3. Buffer module; 310. Buffer end; 320. Energy absorbing component;

[0037] 4. Processing mechanism; 410. Grinding wheel assembly; 420. Grinding spindle; 430. Second rotary drive member;

[0038] 5. Rotating mechanism; 510. First rotating shaft assembly; 520. Connecting frame; 521. First connecting arm; 522. Vertical plate; 523. Second connecting arm; 530. Second rotating shaft assembly;

[0039] 6. Machine tool body; 610. First sliding assembly; 620. Second sliding assembly; 630. Third sliding assembly; 640. Machine frame;

[0040] 7. Clamping module;

[0041] 8. Feeding module;

[0042] 9. Pushing module;

[0043] 10. Positioning module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0046] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inside," "outside," "below," "beneath," "above," "above," "front," "back," and the like. Such spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures undergoes a positional flip or a change in posture or a change in motion, then these directional indications will also change accordingly. For example, an element described as "below" or "below" another element or feature will subsequently be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Thus, the example term "below" can include both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the grinding wheel assembly 410 of the automatic exchange mechanism is prone to generate large inertia due to its heavy weight during the return stroke, resulting in poor stability of the grinding wheel exchange mechanism, the present application provides an exchange mechanism, which can buffer the return inertia of the storage module 1 through the buffer end 310 in the buffer module 3, and fix the grinding wheel assembly 410 through the fixing assembly 110 of the storage module 1 during the return stroke, so as to avoid large shaking of the storage module 1 after the grinding wheel assembly 410 returns, thereby affecting the stability of the exchange mechanism.

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 9In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an exchange mechanism for realizing the replacement of a grinding wheel assembly 410 in a grinding machine, comprising a storage module 1, a mounting module 2 and a buffer module 3. The storage module 1 is used to store the grinding wheel assembly 410. The storage module 1 comprises a fixing assembly 110. The fixing assembly 110 is used to fix the grinding wheel assembly 410 placed in the storage module 1. The storage module 1 is movably arranged on the mounting module 2, so that the position of the storage module 1 relative to the mounting module 2 can be changed, so that the grinding wheel assembly 410 can be moved to a designated replacement position. At the same time, after the replacement of the grinding wheel assembly 410 is completed, the storage module 1 is moved relative to the mounting module 2. 2 moves to realize the return stroke, thereby preventing the storage module 1 from interfering with the processing area of ​​the installed grinding wheel assembly 410; the buffer module 3 is arranged on the mounting module 2, and the buffer module 3 includes a buffer end 310 arranged corresponding to the storage module 1. When the storage module 1 moves relative to the mounting module 2 to realize the return stroke, the buffer end 310 abuts against the storage module 1 or the grinding wheel assembly 410 stored on the storage module 1, thereby buffering the return inertia of the storage module 1, thereby preventing the storage module 1 from vigorous shaking due to inertia. In addition, the grinding wheel assembly 410 is fixed by the fixing assembly 110 of the storage module 1 during the return stroke, thereby ensuring the stability of the exchange mechanism.

[0049] It should be noted that the grinding wheel assembly 410 is not limited to a grinding wheel tower for grinding, but can also be various processing tools. This application only uses the grinding wheel used on a grinding machine as an example.

[0050] It should be noted that the fixing component 110 can be a structure such as a clamping claw or a hook. The present application does not limit the specific structure of the fixing component 110 as long as it can fix the grinding wheel component 410 placed on the storage module 1.

[0051] It should be noted that the buffer module 3 includes an energy absorbing component 320 connected to the buffer end 310 . The energy absorbing component 320 may be a buffer cylinder or an elastic telescopic component, so as to absorb and buffer the kinetic energy transmitted by the storage module 1 .

[0052] It should be noted that in order to prevent the buffer end 310 from damaging the surface of the storage module 1 or the grinding wheel assembly 410 when abutting against the storage module 1 or the grinding wheel assembly 410 , an elastic protective sleeve or elastic pad may be provided on the buffer end 310 .

[0053] In the above embodiment, if the storage module 1 is slidably set on the mounting module 2, in order to realize the transportation of the grinding wheel assembly 410 and avoid the processing area in the machine tool at the same time, the sliding stroke of the storage module 1 on the mounting module 2 will be too large, resulting in a large overall spatial size of the exchange mechanism, which is not convenient for arranging the exchange mechanism inside the machine tool. If the exchange mechanism is set outside the machine tool as an external grinding wheel exchange mechanism, the exchange mechanism must be away from the cutting area of ​​the machine tool to avoid interfering with the cutting processing action of the machine tool. Therefore, the external grinding wheel exchange mechanism has the problems of long exchange action stroke, high time consumption, and low efficiency in the tool processing process that requires multiple exchanges of grinding wheels. Moreover, since the external grinding wheel exchange mechanism needs to be placed outside the cutting area of ​​the machine tool, the idle space inside the machine tool is not utilized, which will cause the overall size of the machine tool to be large and inconvenient to use.

[0054] In order to solve the above problems, in some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 2 The storage module 1 further includes a swing arm frame 130 and a detection assembly 120, wherein the swing arm frame 130 is provided with a plurality of storage locations that can be used to simultaneously store a plurality of grinding wheel assemblies 410; the detection assembly 120 is provided on the fixed assembly 110 and is used to detect whether a grinding wheel assembly 410 is present in a storage location. As a specific embodiment of the present application, three storage locations are sequentially provided along the length direction of the swing arm frame 130, each storage location corresponding to a fixed assembly 110, wherein two storage locations can be provided with grinding wheel assemblies 410 of different specifications, and the remaining storage location is vacant and can be used to place a grinding wheel assembly 410 to be replaced.

[0055] The mounting module 2 includes a mounting frame 210 and a first rotating drive member 220. One end of the swing arm frame 130 is rotatably set on the mounting frame 210. The first rotating drive member 220 is respectively connected to the mounting frame 210 and the swing arm frame 130, so that the swing arm frame 130 can rotate relative to the mounting frame 210. When there is no need to replace the grinding wheel assembly 410, the swing arm frame 130 is rotated toward the direction of the mounting frame 210 to achieve folding, which is beneficial to reducing the space occupancy rate of the exchange mechanism, and the folded swing arm frame 130 will not interfere with the processing area, which is convenient for arranging the exchange mechanism in the idle space inside the machine tool, so that the exchange mechanism and the machine tool structure can be compact.

[0056] It should be noted that the first rotary drive member 220 can be a drive motor, a telescopic oil cylinder, a telescopic air cylinder and other components, which can drive the swing arm frame 130 to swing relative to the mounting frame 210, and its swing direction is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0057] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the first rotary drive member 220 is a telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the swing arm frame 130 is hinged to the mounting frame 210, and the two ends of the telescopic oil cylinder are hinged to the mounting frame 210 and the swing arm frame 130 respectively. Figure 2 The exchange mechanism is opened by rotating the gear clockwise in the middle of the gear to facilitate the movement of the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the storage position to the designated exchange position. The grinding wheel assembly 410 on the machine tool is removed and placed in an empty storage position of the swing arm frame 130, and then the grinding wheel assembly 410 in another storage position is replaced on the machine tool to realize the automatic replacement of the grinding wheel assembly 410. After the replacement is completed, the telescopic cylinder is retracted and the swing arm frame 130 moves along the gear box. Figure 2 The counterclockwise rotation in the middle makes the exchange mechanism in a folded state. During the return process of the storage module 1, the buffer end 310 can buffer the inertia of the storage module 1.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 The mounting frame 210 has a support portion on one side close to the swing arm frame 130, which can support the storage module 1 or the grinding wheel assembly 410 after the exchange mechanism reaches the folded state.

[0059] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the mounting frame 210 has a first support portion 211 and a second support portion 212 on one side thereof, which is close to the swing arm frame 130. The first support portion 211 and the second support portion 212 both have inclined support surfaces, which facilitate supporting the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 in an inclined state after the exchange mechanism is folded. The first support portion 211 and the second support portion 212 can form a limit block for the opening of the storage position, preventing the grinding wheel assembly 410 from falling out of the top opening of the storage position.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 The buffer end 310 protrudes from the support portion, so that the buffer end 310 can contact the storage module 1 or the grinding wheel assembly 410 before the support portion (i.e., the first support portion 211 and the second support portion 212), thereby buffering the inertia of the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 and avoiding rigid collision between the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 and the support portion.

[0061] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a grinding processing unit, including the exchange mechanism, the processing mechanism 4 and the rotating mechanism 5 described in the above embodiments, wherein the processing mechanism 4 is connected to the rotating mechanism 5, and the processing mechanism 4 includes a detachable grinding wheel assembly 410. The storage module 1 in the exchange mechanism is matched with the grinding wheel assembly 410 to facilitate replacement of the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the processing mechanism 4 through the exchange mechanism.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, the processing mechanism 4 also includes a grinding spindle 420 and a second rotating drive member 430. The grinding spindle 420 is driven and connected to the second rotating drive member 430. The grinding wheel assembly 410 is detachably connected to the grinding spindle 420. The second rotating drive member 430 is used to drive the grinding spindle 420 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 to rotate around the axis of the grinding spindle 420.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rotary mechanism 5 includes a first rotating shaft assembly 510, a connecting frame 520, and a second rotating shaft assembly 530. The first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530 are coaxially arranged. The two ends of the connecting frame 520 are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530, so that the connecting frame 520 can rotate about the rotation axis of the first rotating shaft assembly 510 or the second rotating shaft assembly 530 (i.e., the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism 5), thereby causing the connecting frame 520 to change its position. The processing mechanism 4 is movably arranged on the connecting frame 520 to facilitate adjustment of the relative position between the processing mechanism 4 and the exchange mechanism. A preset distance is provided between the processing mechanism 4 and the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism 5. The grinding wheel assembly 410 can be replaced and processed by rotating the rotary mechanism 5 to different positions, thereby avoiding interference between the replacement area of ​​the grinding wheel assembly 410 and the processing area.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 The connecting frame 520 includes a first connecting arm 521, a vertical plate 522, and a second connecting arm 523. The first connecting arm 521 and the second connecting arm 523 are perpendicularly disposed at either end of the vertical plate 522, forming a vertical cradle connecting frame. When the processing mechanism 4 is disposed on the vertical plate 522, a predetermined distance can be maintained between the processing mechanism 4 and the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism 5. The end of the first connecting arm 521 away from the vertical plate 522 is connected to one of the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530, while the end of the second connecting arm 523 away from the vertical plate 522 is connected to the other of the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530. This facilitates the overall rotation of the connecting frame 520 driven by the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the first rotating shaft assembly 510 includes components such as an upper bearing, a bearing seat, and an upper connecting shaft, and is used to achieve a rotational connection with the top of the machine tool frame 640, and the frame 640 can be used to constrain the top end of the slewing mechanism 5. The second rotating shaft assembly 530 includes a turntable connecting plate and a turntable motor, and is used to connect to the frame 640 to constrain the bottom end of the slewing mechanism 5. The turntable motor drives the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530 to rotate synchronously.

[0066] In existing processing equipment, the rotating mechanism 5 is usually rotatably connected to the processing equipment body through the bottom end. When the processing mechanism 4 or the workpiece shaft assembly is provided on the rotating mechanism 5, the rotating mechanism 5 is constrained at only one end, and its rigidity will be affected by the structure of the processing mechanism 4 or the workpiece shaft assembly. Under a large number of grinding processing conditions, the rigidity of the rotating mechanism 5 of this structural type is poor, and shaking occurs during the processing, thereby affecting the processing accuracy of the product.

[0067] To address the above-mentioned problems, a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machine tool, comprising the grinding processing unit and a machine tool body 6 described in the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein an exchange mechanism is movably disposed on the machine tool body 6, and both ends of the rotary mechanism 5 are rotatably disposed on a frame 640 of the machine tool body 6 along the direction of the rotary axis of the rotary mechanism 5. Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the rotary mechanism 5 are rotatably connected to the frame 640 of the machine tool body 6 via a first rotating shaft assembly 510 and a second rotating shaft assembly 530, respectively, so that both the upper and lower ends of the rotary mechanism 5 are constrained. When the processing mechanism 4 performs grinding processing, the frame 640 constrains the upper and lower ends of the rotary mechanism 5, thereby improving the rigidity of the rotary mechanism 5.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, to ensure the rigidity of the slewing mechanism 5 when it rotates via the first rotating shaft assembly 510 and the second rotating shaft assembly 530, the frame 640 is preferably made of a material with high rigidity and low density, thereby ensuring the rotational accuracy of the slewing mechanism 5 when it rotates about the vertical direction. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the frame 640 is a marble frame.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 The machine tool body 6 also includes a first sliding component 610, a second sliding component 620 and a third sliding component 630 whose sliding directions are perpendicular to each other. The first sliding component 610, the second sliding component 620 and the third sliding component 630 drive the exchange mechanism and the processing mechanism 4 to move relative to each other, so that the machine tool has multi-axis freedom, which is convenient for high-precision processing.

[0070] It should be noted that the sliding directions of the first sliding assembly 610, the second sliding assembly 620, and the third sliding assembly 630 correspond to the X, Y, and Z directions of the machine tool, respectively. One or more of the first sliding assembly 610, the second sliding assembly 620, and the third sliding assembly 630 are connected to the exchange mechanism, while the other sliding assemblies not connected to the exchange mechanism are connected to the processing mechanism 4. The cooperation of multiple sliding assemblies enables relative movement between the exchange mechanism and the processing mechanism 4 in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0071] As a specific embodiment of this application, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 The first sliding assembly 610 is mounted on the sliding member of the second sliding assembly 620, which is mounted on the frame 640. The exchange mechanism is connected to the sliding member of the first sliding assembly 610. The first and second sliding assemblies 610 and 620 drive the exchange mechanism to move in the X and Y directions within the horizontal plane. The third sliding assembly 630 is mounted on the connecting frame 520, and the processing mechanism 4 is mounted on the sliding member of the third sliding assembly 630, enabling the processing mechanism 4 to move in the Z direction, facilitating relative motion with the exchange mechanism, thereby precisely adjusting the assembly and disassembly position of the grinding wheel assembly 410 and facilitating assembly and disassembly operations of the grinding wheel assembly 410.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 The machine tool also includes a clamping module 7 movably arranged on the machine tool body 6 for clamping the bar to be processed. The clamping module 7 and the processing mechanism 4 can move relative to each other, so that the processing mechanism 4 can achieve high-precision grinding of the bar.

[0073] In the above embodiment, since both the exchange mechanism and the clamping module 7 need to move relative to the processing mechanism 4, in order to make the internal structure of the machine tool compact, the exchange mechanism can be placed on the clamping module 7, and the exchange mechanism and the clamping module 7 can be driven to move synchronously by the first sliding assembly 610 and the second sliding assembly 620. Specifically, the exchange mechanism is placed on the top of the clamping module 7, and the processing mechanism 4 can adjust its height position through the third sliding assembly 630, thereby achieving coordination with the exchange mechanism and the clamping module 7 respectively, so that the replacement of the grinding wheel assembly 410 and the bar processing will not affect each other.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 9 The machine tool also includes a feeding module 8, a pushing module 9 and a positioning module 10, which are used to cooperate with the clamping module 7 to realize automatic loading of the bar material. The feeding module 8 and the pushing module 9 are arranged on the outside of the machine tool shell, and the clamping module 7 and the positioning module 10 are arranged inside the machine tool. The output end of the feeding module 8 has a loading position, the clamping module 7 has a hollow clamping position, and the machine tool shell has a hollow structure (such as a hole, a groove, etc.) arranged opposite to the loading position. During automatic loading, the clamping module 7 moves to its clamping position and is coaxially arranged with the loading position and the pushing module 9, and the bar material is pushed from the loading position to the clamping position through the pushing module 9. The positioning module 10 can detect the position of the bar material extending from the front end of the clamping position, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the loading position.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the above exchange mechanism is used as follows:

[0076] Step 1: Place multiple grinding wheel assemblies 410 in the storage locations of the swing arm frame 130 and secure them with the fixing assembly 110. If a grinding wheel assembly 410 is already installed on the machining mechanism 4, at least one vacant storage location must be left on the swing arm frame 130. After the grinding wheel assemblies 410 are placed, the first rotary drive member 220 is used to maintain the exchange mechanism in a folded state.

[0077] Step 2: When replacing the grinding wheel assembly 410, the third sliding assembly 630 is used to raise the machining mechanism 4, and the rotary mechanism 5 rotates the machining mechanism 4 toward the exchange mechanism. The first sliding assembly 610 and the second sliding assembly 620 drive the exchange mechanism to a non-interfering area with the machining mechanism 4. The first rotary drive 220 deploys the exchange mechanism, and the swing arm 130 reaches a horizontal position. Horizontally, the swing arm 130 is located in front of the machining mechanism 4, and vertically, the vacant storage space on the swing arm 130 is located below the machining mechanism 4.

[0078] Step 3: Detect the position of the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the processing mechanism 4 through the vacant storage position, and fine-tune the position of the exchange mechanism and the processing mechanism 4 through the first sliding assembly 610, the second sliding assembly 620 and the third sliding assembly 630 until the fixed assembly 110 can stably clamp the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the processing mechanism 4; drive the exchange mechanism to move through the first sliding assembly 610 and the second sliding assembly 620, so that the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the processing mechanism 4 is taken out along the axial direction of the grinding spindle 420.

[0079] Step 4: Fine-tune the positions of the exchange mechanism and processing mechanism 4 using the first, second, and third sliding assemblies 610, 620, and 630 until the grinding wheel assembly 410 to be installed on the swing arm 130 is aligned with the installation position of the grinding spindle 420. The exchange mechanism is then driven by the first and second sliding assemblies 610, 620 to move, inserting the grinding wheel assembly 410 on the swing arm 130 into the chuck along the axial direction of the grinding spindle 420. The fixed assembly 110 in this storage position is released. The third sliding assembly 630 drives the processing mechanism 4 upward, allowing the exchange mechanism to exit the exchange area of ​​the grinding wheel assembly 410.

[0080] Step 5: When the exchange mechanism moves to a non-interference area with the processing mechanism 4, the exchange mechanism is returned to the folded state through the first rotating drive member 220. During the return stroke, the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 first contact the buffer end 310 of the buffer module 3, and the inertia of the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 is buffered by the buffer module 3 until the first rotating drive member 220 stops moving, and the storage module 1 and the grinding wheel assembly 410 rest on the support part of the mounting frame 210.

[0081] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0082] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0083] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A switching mechanism, characterized in that: include: A storage module (1), the storage module (1) comprising a fixing component (110); An installation module (2), the storage module (1) being movably arranged on the installation module (2); A buffer module (3), the buffer module (3) is arranged on the mounting module (2), and the buffer module (3) includes a buffer end (310) arranged corresponding to the storage module (1).

2. The switching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The storage module (1) further comprises a detection component (120) and a swing arm frame (130); a plurality of storage locations are provided on the swing arm frame (130); and the detection component (120) is provided on the fixing component (110).

3. The switching mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The mounting module (2) comprises a mounting frame (210) and a first rotating driving member (220); one end of the swing arm frame (130) is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame (210); and the first rotating driving member (220) is respectively connected to the mounting frame (210) and the swing arm frame (130).

4. The switching mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The mounting frame (210) has a support portion on one side close to the swing arm frame (130), and the buffer end (310) is arranged to protrude from the support portion.

5. A grinding unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises an exchange mechanism, a processing mechanism (4) and a rotating mechanism (5) as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processing mechanism (4) is connected to the rotating mechanism (5), the processing mechanism (4) comprises a detachable grinding wheel assembly (410), and the storage module (1) in the exchange mechanism is matched with the grinding wheel assembly (410).

6. The grinding unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary mechanism (5) comprises a first rotating shaft assembly (510), a connecting frame (520) and a second rotating shaft assembly (530), wherein the first rotating shaft assembly (510) and the second rotating shaft assembly (530) are coaxially arranged, and the two ends of the connecting frame (520) are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft assembly (510) and the second rotating shaft assembly (530); the processing mechanism (4) is movably arranged on the connecting frame (520), and a preset distance exists between the processing mechanism (4) and the rotating axis of the rotary mechanism (5).

7. The grinding unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting frame (520) includes a first connecting arm (521), a vertical plate (522) and a second connecting arm (523); the first connecting arm (521) and the second connecting arm (523) are vertically arranged at both ends of the vertical plate (522); the end of the first connecting arm (521) away from the vertical plate (522) is connected to one of the first rotating shaft assembly (510) and the second rotating shaft assembly (530), and the end of the second connecting arm (523) away from the vertical plate (522) is connected to the other of the first rotating shaft assembly (510) and the second rotating shaft assembly (530).

8. A machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a grinding processing unit and a machine tool body (6) as described in any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the exchange mechanism is movably arranged on the machine tool body (6); along the rotation axis direction of the rotation mechanism (5), both ends of the rotation mechanism (5) are rotatably arranged on the machine tool body (6).

9. The machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that The machine tool body (6) further comprises a first sliding assembly (610), a second sliding assembly (620) and a third sliding assembly (630) whose sliding directions are perpendicular to each other, and the first sliding assembly (610), the second sliding assembly (620) and the third sliding assembly (630) drive the exchange mechanism and the processing mechanism (4) to move relative to each other.

10. The machine tool according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The machine tool further comprises a clamping module (7) movably arranged on the machine tool body (6), and the exchange mechanism is arranged on the clamping module (7).

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