Battery waste heat recovery system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of battery waste heat recovery, and particularly relates to a battery waste heat recovery system and a vehicle, the battery waste heat recovery system recovers waste heat of a battery and discharges the waste heat of the battery into a cab through an indoor condenser for heating of the cab in autumn and winter, so that the use frequency of a PTC heating module is reduced, and the service life of the PTC heating module is prolonged. Energy consumption is reduced, and the endurance mileage of the electric commercial vehicle is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery waste heat recovery, and in particular to a battery waste heat recovery system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Currently, electric commercial vehicle cabs primarily use PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating solutions, which consume high energy and impact the vehicles' range and operating energy costs. Furthermore, water-cooling units in electric commercial vehicles are primarily used for battery cooling, and waste heat from the batteries is directly discharged into the air through the water-cooling units, resulting in significant heat waste, especially in winter. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery waste heat recovery system and vehicle, which aim to reduce the frequency of use of the PTC heating module by recovering battery waste heat for cab heating, reduce the operating energy consumption of electric commercial vehicles, and achieve energy conservation.

[0004] To this end, according to one aspect of the present application, a battery waste heat recovery system is provided, comprising a battery cold plate, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a coolant pipeline, a compressor, an outdoor condenser, an expansion valve, a refrigerant pipeline, a two-position three-way solenoid valve, and an air conditioner indoor unit located in the cab, the air conditioner indoor unit comprising a housing having an air duct and a blower, an indoor condenser, and a PTC heating module sequentially arranged in the air duct from an air inlet to an air outlet;

[0005] The battery cold plate, the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger and the water pump are connected in series through a coolant pipeline to form a battery liquid cooling circuit;

[0006] The outlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger, the inlet of the compressor and the two-position three-way solenoid valve are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, the first outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve, the indoor condenser, the expansion valve and the inlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, and the second outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve, the outdoor condenser and the inlet of the expansion valve are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline.

[0007] Optionally, the outdoor condenser is an air-cooled condenser.

[0008] Optionally, the battery waste heat recovery system further includes a heat dissipation fan, which is arranged on one side of the outdoor condenser and is used to dissipate heat from the outdoor condenser.

[0009] Optionally, the heat exchanger comprises a plate heat exchanger.

[0010] Optionally, a first temperature sensor is provided on the coolant pipeline between the liquid outlet of the battery cold plate and the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor is provided on the coolant pipeline between the water outlet of the water pump and the liquid inlet of the battery cold plate.

[0011] Optionally, the coolant in the battery liquid cooling circuit is water.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the battery waste heat recovery system as described above.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the battery waste heat recovery system and vehicle provided in the present application are: compared with the existing technology, the battery waste heat recovery system of the present application recovers the waste heat of the battery and uses the indoor condenser to discharge the battery waste heat into the cab for heating the cab in autumn and winter, thereby reducing the frequency of use of the PTC heating module, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing the cruising range of electric commercial vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0015] in:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a battery waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a control logic diagram of a battery waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Description of main component symbols:

[0019] 10. Battery cold plate; 20. Heat exchanger; 30. Water pump; 40. Coolant pipeline; 50. Compressor; 60. Outdoor condenser; 70. Cooling fan; 80. Expansion valve; 90. Refrigerant pipeline; 100. Two-position three-way solenoid valve;

[0020] 200, air conditioner indoor unit; 210, housing; 220, blower; 230, indoor condenser; 240, PTC heating module; 250, evaporator;

[0021] 300. First temperature sensor;

[0022] 400. Second temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many other forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0028] As described in the background technology, electric commercial vehicle cabs currently use a PTC heating solution, which has high heating energy consumption and affects the vehicle's range and operating energy costs. At the same time, the water cooling units of electric commercial vehicles are currently mainly used for battery cooling, and the battery waste heat is directly discharged into the air through the water cooling unit, especially in winter, resulting in huge heat waste.

[0029] In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery waste heat recovery system, such as Figure 1As shown, the battery waste heat recovery system includes a battery cold plate 10, a heat exchanger 20, a water pump 30, a coolant line 40, a compressor 50, an outdoor condenser 60, an expansion valve 80, a refrigerant line 90, a two-position three-way solenoid valve 100, and an air conditioner 200 located in the cab. The air conditioner 200 includes a housing 210 with an air duct, a blower 220, an indoor condenser 230 (air-cooled condenser), and a PTC heating module 240 arranged in the air duct from the air inlet to the air outlet. The battery cold plate 10, the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger 20, and the water pump 30 are connected in series through the coolant line 40 to form a battery liquid cooling circuit. The outlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 20, the compressor 50 and the inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 are connected in sequence through the refrigerant pipeline 90, the first outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100, the indoor condenser 230, the expansion valve 80 and the inlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 20 are connected in sequence through the refrigerant pipeline 90, and the second outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100, the outdoor condenser 60 and the inlet of the expansion valve 80 are connected in sequence through the refrigerant pipeline 90.

[0030] It can be understood that the working principle of the battery waste heat recovery system is as follows:

[0031] The water pump 30 drives the coolant (such as water) to circulate in the battery liquid cooling circuit. When the low-temperature coolant flows through the battery cold plate 10, it absorbs the heat in the battery to cool the battery. When the coolant absorbs heat and heats up, it exchanges heat with the liquid coolant (such as refrigerant) in the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 20 and cools down. After absorbing heat and heating up in the heat exchanger 20, the liquid coolant turns into gaseous coolant. The gaseous coolant is compressed by the compressor 50 and transported to the inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100. When the first outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 is opened, the gaseous coolant is cooled. The refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 230, and the blower 220 works. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat to heat the cab. In this stage, the gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the cab, releases heat to the cab, gradually cools and condenses into liquid, and then the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 80 to enter the next cycle stage; when the second outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 is opened, the gaseous refrigerant flows through the outdoor condenser 60, and the gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with the outdoor air, releases heat to the outside, gradually cools and condenses into liquid, and then the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 80 to enter the next cycle stage.

[0032] It should be noted that the battery waste heat recovery system is mainly used in the autumn and winter seasons to heat the cab of vehicles (such as electric commercial vehicles). The heat recovered from the battery waste heat is defined as Q 余热 ; The heat generated by the PTC heating module 240 is Q PTC ; The heat required by the cab is Q 需求 , combined with Figure 2The actual usage and application methods are as follows:

[0033] 1. When the battery does not need to be cooled, the cab is directly heated by the PTC heating module 240. PTC =Q 需求 , to meet the heating needs of the cab;

[0034] 2. When the battery needs to be cooled, the heat of the battery is recovered, and the recovered heat is Q 余热 ;

[0035] 2.1. When the battery recovers heat Q 余热 =Q 需求 When the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 switches to the first outlet and opens, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 230, and the blower 220 dissipates the heat. 余热 Discharged into the cab, Q 余热 =Q 需求 Meet the cab heating needs;

[0036] 2.2. When the battery recovers heat Q 余热 <Q 需求 When the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 switches to the first outlet and opens, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the indoor condenser 230, and the blower 220 dissipates the heat. 余热 is discharged into the cab, and at the same time the heating power of the PTC heating module 240 is turned on and adjusted so that Q 余热 +Q PTC =Q 需求 , to meet the heating needs of the cab;

[0037] 2.3. When the battery recovers heat Q 余热 >Q 需求 When the valve core position of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 100 is dynamically adjusted, the part Q 余热 The air is discharged into the air through the outdoor condenser 60, and part of it is discharged into the cab through the indoor condenser 230, so that kQ 余热 +Q PTC =Q 需求 (0 <k<1),满足驾驶室制热需求。

[0038] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery waste heat recovery system recovers the waste heat of the battery and uses the indoor condenser 230 to discharge the battery waste heat into the cab for heating the cab in autumn and winter, thereby reducing the frequency of use of the PTC heating module 240, achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption and saving energy for the entire vehicle, and improving the cruising range of electric commercial vehicles; the system structure is simple and the cost is low, and the air-conditioning indoor unit 200 can be formed by a simple modification of the existing wall-mounted air-conditioning indoor unit 200 (adding an indoor condenser 230 and a refrigerant pipeline 90 connected thereto).

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the outdoor condenser 60 is an air-cooled condenser.

[0040] Air-cooled condensers use ambient air as a cooling medium. Heat released by the gaseous refrigerant flowing through the outdoor condenser 60 is carried away by the surrounding air. Air can flow naturally by convection or be forced by a fan. Compared to water-cooled condensers, air-cooled condensers offer a simpler structure, eliminating the need for a cooling water supply system, making installation much easier and reducing costs.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the battery waste heat recovery system further includes a heat dissipation fan 70 , which is disposed on one side of the outdoor condenser 60 and is used to dissipate heat from the outdoor condenser 60 .

[0042] The heat dissipation fan 70 is provided to drive the air flow around the air-cooled condenser, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and facilitating the rapid cooling of the gaseous refrigerant flowing through the air-cooled condenser.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchanger 20 comprises a plate heat exchanger.

[0044] A plate heat exchanger is a highly efficient heat exchanger composed of a series of stacked, corrugated metal sheets. Thin rectangular channels are formed between the plates, through which heat is exchanged. Plate heat exchangers are ideal for liquid-to-liquid and liquid-to-vapor heat exchange. They feature high heat transfer efficiency, minimal heat loss, a compact and lightweight structure, a small footprint, wide application, and a long service life. Under the same pressure loss conditions, their heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of a tubular heat exchanger, requiring only one-third the floor space, and heat recovery rates can exceed 90%.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a first temperature sensor 300 is provided on the coolant pipeline 40 between the liquid outlet of the battery cold plate 10 and the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger 20, and a second temperature sensor 400 is provided on the coolant pipeline 40 between the water outlet of the water pump 30 and the liquid inlet of the battery cold plate 10.

[0046] The first temperature sensor 300 is used to monitor the temperature of the coolant flowing into the battery cold plate 10 , and the second temperature sensor 400 is used to monitor the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the battery cold plate 10 .

[0047] The water pump 30 is preferably an electronic water pump, which is equipped with an intelligent control system and can automatically adjust the working state as needed to achieve precise control.

[0048] In one embodiment, the coolant in the battery liquid cooling circuit is water. Water has a high heat capacity and can effectively absorb and conduct heat, enhancing the cooling effect. Water is a natural resource, non-toxic and harmless, and its use does not pollute the environment. Water is relatively low-cost and readily available, making it an economical and affordable coolant. Water as a coolant not only has excellent physical properties but also offers economic and environmental advantages, making it widely used in many cooling systems.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the air conditioner indoor unit 200 further includes an evaporator 250, which can cooperate with the air conditioner outdoor unit to achieve a cooling function.

[0050] According to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes the battery waste heat recovery system in any of the above embodiments.

[0051] Specifically, vehicles include but are not limited to electric commercial vehicles and electric passenger vehicles.

[0052] Due to the adoption of the battery waste heat recovery system in the above embodiment, the waste heat of the battery is recovered and used for heating the cab in autumn and winter, thereby reducing the frequency of use of the PTC heating module, achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption and saving energy for the entire vehicle, and improving the vehicle's cruising range.

[0053] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0054] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery waste heat recovery system, characterized in that: It includes a battery cold plate, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a coolant pipeline, a compressor, an outdoor condenser, an expansion valve, a refrigerant pipeline, a two-position three-way solenoid valve, and an air-conditioning indoor unit located in the cab. The air-conditioning indoor unit includes a housing with an air duct and a blower, an indoor condenser, and a PTC heating module arranged in the air duct from the air inlet to the air outlet. The battery cold plate, the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger and the water pump are connected in series through a coolant pipeline to form a battery liquid cooling circuit; The outlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger, the inlet of the compressor and the two-position three-way solenoid valve are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, the first outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve, the indoor condenser, the expansion valve and the inlet of the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, and the second outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve, the outdoor condenser and the inlet of the expansion valve are connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline.

2. The battery waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outdoor condenser is an air-cooled condenser.

3. The battery waste heat recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery waste heat recovery system further includes a heat dissipation fan, which is disposed on one side of the outdoor condenser and is used to dissipate heat from the outdoor condenser.

4. The battery waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises a plate heat exchanger.

5. The battery waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature sensor is provided on the coolant pipeline between the liquid outlet of the battery cold plate and the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor is provided on the coolant pipeline between the water outlet of the water pump and the liquid inlet of the battery cold plate.

6. The battery waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant in the battery liquid cooling circuit is water.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the battery waste heat recovery system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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