Switch capable of converting twisted pair signal and coaxial signal

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of switches, in particular to a switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals, which comprises a signal input module, a network transformer X1, a power supply module, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module, a signal coupling module and a coaxial interface U3. According to the utility model, through the first signal processing module and the second signal processing module, an externally input differential signal is converted into a coaxial signal, compared with twisted pair transmission, the bandwidth of a coaxial cable is higher, the anti-interference performance is stronger, and the reliability is higher; moreover, the switch capable of converting the twisted pair signal and the coaxial signal can transmit data and power supply, so that the use cost of the switch can be reduced, the use is more convenient, and the applicability is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of switches, in particular to a switch capable of converting twisted-pair signals and coaxial signals. Background Art

[0002] With the development of information technology, network communications have become an indispensable part of modern society. Most common network switches currently on the market rely on twisted-pair cables as their primary data transmission medium. However, twisted-pair cables have inherent limitations, such as relatively low bandwidth and significant signal attenuation, particularly as transmission distance increases, leading to a significant performance degradation. Furthermore, twisted-pair cables are fragile and susceptible to physical damage and environmental factors, requiring regular inspection and maintenance, which increases overall operating costs.

[0003] Another significant issue is that twisted-pair cabling is highly sensitive to electromagnetic interference (EMI). In environments with strong electromagnetic fields, twisted-pair cabling can be severely affected, leading to data transmission errors or interruptions. This limitation makes twisted-pair cabling impractical or ineffective in certain environments, such as industrial production sites, hospital equipment rooms, and airports. Furthermore, in situations where strong interference exists, twisted-pair cabling can cause equipment to malfunction, such as in cable television signal transmission, long-distance telephone calls, short-distance connections between computer systems, and local area networks.

[0004] To overcome these shortcomings, switches that convert twisted-pair signals between coaxial and twisted-pair cables have been designed. Due to its structural characteristics, coaxial cable offers higher bandwidth and lower signal attenuation than twisted-pair cables, while also offering improved resistance to electromagnetic interference. However, traditional switches that convert twisted-pair signals between coaxial and twisted-pair cables can only transmit data signals and cannot simultaneously transmit data and power. Consequently, these switches are relatively expensive and difficult to use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model provides a switch capable of converting twisted-pair signals and coaxial signals to solve the problems of the prior art. The coaxial signal transmission can avoid the disadvantages caused by twisted-pair transmission signals and can realize the simultaneous transmission of data signals and power signals, thereby reducing the cost of the switch and making it more convenient to use.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals, comprising a signal input module, a network transformer X1, a power supply module, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module, a signal coupling module and a coaxial interface U3;

[0007] The external differential signal is transmitted to the network transformer X1 through the signal input module;

[0008] The network transformer X1 is used to separate the received signal into a power signal and an Ethernet signal. The network transformer X1 transmits the Ethernet signal to the first signal processing module and transmits the power signal to the power supply module;

[0009] The power module rectifies and filters the received power signal, and supplies power to the coaxial interface U3 through the rectified and filtered power signal;

[0010] The first signal processing module stores and processes the received Ethernet signal, and transmits the processed signal to the second signal processing module;

[0011] The second signal processing module converts the received signal into a signal suitable for coaxial transmission, and transmits the converted signal to the signal coupling module, which couples the signal to the coaxial interface U3.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply module includes an input rectifier and filter module and a negative loop control module, the input end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1, the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the input end of the negative loop control module, and the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power supply end of the coaxial interface U3, and the negative loop control module is used to control whether the negative loop of the power supply is conductive.

[0013] Preferably, the negative electrode loop control module includes a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C2 and a switch tube Q1;

[0014] The output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first ground end, the diode D3 and the capacitor C2 are both connected in parallel with the resistor R7, the control end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, one switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R7, and the other switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the second ground end.

[0015] Preferably, the power supply module also includes a diode D6 and a diode D7, the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the first ground end, and the cathode of the diode D6 and the anode of the diode D7 are both connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1.

[0016] Preferably, the signal coupling module includes a transformer U5, a resistor R40, a capacitor C35, a capacitor C50 and a capacitor C51;

[0017] The third pin and the fourth pin of the transformer U5 are respectively connected to the second signal processing module, the first pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module through the capacitor C50, the sixth pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the first ground end through the capacitor C51, the two ends of the capacitor C35 are respectively connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module and the first ground end, and the resistor R40 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C35.

[0018] Preferably, the first signal processing module includes a first controller U1, and the model of the first controller U1 is RTL8201F.

[0019] Preferably, the second signal processing module includes a second controller U2, and the model of the second controller U2 is RTL8201G.

[0020] Preferably, a third controller MCU is further included, and the first signal processing module and the second signal processing module are both connected to the third controller.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] The present invention converts an externally input differential signal into a coaxial signal through a first signal processing module and a second signal processing module. Compared with twisted-pair transmission, coaxial cable has a higher bandwidth and stronger anti-interference ability, and therefore has higher reliability. Moreover, the switch of the present invention that can convert twisted-pair signals and coaxial signals can transmit both data and power, thereby reducing the cost of using the switch, making it more convenient to use and having a wider applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a signal block diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the first signal processing module of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the second signal processing module of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the signal input module of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the network transformer X1 of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the input rectifier and filter module of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the negative circuit control module of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the signal coupling module and coaxial interface U3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the signal extension structure of the present invention.

[0032] exist Figures 1 to 9 Reference numerals in the figures include:

[0033] 1-Signal input module, 2-Power supply module, 3-First signal processing module, 4-Second signal processing module, 5-Signal coupling module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0035] This embodiment provides a switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals, such as Figures 1 to 8 , including a signal input module 1, a network transformer X1, a power supply module 2, a first signal processing module 3, a second signal processing module 4, a signal coupling module 5 and a coaxial interface U3; wherein, the first signal processing module 3 includes a first controller U1, and the model of the first controller U1 is RTL8201F; the second signal processing module 4 includes a second controller U2, and the model of the second controller U2 is RTL8201G; the first controller U1 and the second controller U2 have different data transmission distances, for example, the electrical port transmission distance of RTL8201G can reach 500M.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the external differential signal is transmitted to the network transformer X1 through the signal input module 1; the network transformer X1 is used to separate the received signal into a power signal and an Ethernet signal. The network transformer X1 transmits the Ethernet signal to the first signal processing module 3 and transmits the power signal to the power module 2; the power module 2 rectifies and filters the received power signal, and supplies power to the coaxial interface U3 through the rectified and filtered power signal.

[0037] The first signal processing module 3 stores and processes the received Ethernet signal, and transmits the processed signal to the second signal processing module 4; the second signal processing module 4 converts the received signal into a signal suitable for coaxial transmission, and transmits the converted signal to the signal coupling module 5, and couples the signal to the coaxial interface U3 through the signal coupling module 5.

[0038] Specifically, the signal input module 1 preferably uses an RJ45 network interface for inputting signals. The input signal is then separated by the separation function of the network transformer X1 into a power signal and an Ethernet signal. The Ethernet signal is transmitted to the first signal processing module 3, while the power signal is processed by the power module 2 and provided to the coaxial interface U3, thereby powering the PD device connected to the coaxial interface U3. Therefore, this embodiment can not only realize the conversion between differential signals and coaxial signals, but also transmit data signals and power signals simultaneously, ensuring the consistency of the transmission of the two signals. Compared with twisted pair transmission, coaxial cable has a higher bandwidth and stronger anti-interference ability, and thus has higher reliability. In addition, the switch of the utility model that can convert twisted pair signals and coaxial signals can transmit both data and power, thereby reducing the cost of using the switch, making it more convenient to use and having a wider range of applicability. It is very suitable for applications such as cable TV signal transmission, long-distance telephone transmission, and short-distance connection between computer systems.

[0039] The power module 2 of this embodiment is as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the power supply module 2 includes an input rectifier and filter module and a negative loop control module. The input end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1, the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the input end of the negative loop control module, and the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power supply end of the coaxial interface U3. The negative loop control module is used to control whether the negative loop of the power supply is conductive.

[0040] Among them, the input rectifier filter module is an existing technology, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes rectifier bridge stacks D1 and D4, and also includes common mode inductor LF1 for filtering. After completing the rectification and filtering, the output voltage Vmain is completed. The circuit connection of the negative circuit control module is as follows Figure 7 As shown, it includes a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C2 and a switch tube Q1; the output end of the input rectifier filter module is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first ground end, the diode D3 and the capacitor C2 are both connected in parallel with the resistor R7, the control end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, a switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R7, and the other switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the second ground end. By controlling whether the first ground end and the second ground end are conductive, the power supply of the switch is controlled. Further, as Figure 7As shown, the power module 2 is also connected to a diode D6 and a diode D7. The output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the first ground end, and the cathode of the diode D6 and the anode of the diode D7 are both connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1, which can prevent the coaxial power supply from interfering with the power supply at the input end.

[0041] The circuit connection of the signal coupling module 5 of this embodiment is as follows Figure 8 As shown, it includes a transformer U5, a resistor R40, a capacitor C35, a capacitor C50 and a capacitor C51; the third pin and the fourth pin of the transformer U5 are respectively connected to the second signal processing module 4, the first pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module through the capacitor C50, the sixth pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the first ground end through the capacitor C51, the two ends of the capacitor C35 are respectively connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module and the first ground end, and the resistor R40 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C35.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 8 , the specific working principle of this embodiment is:

[0043] 1. When the Ethernet signal is inserted into RJ45 (RJ1) through the crystal plug, the signal passes through the resistor in series on the path (for anti-interference), and then is coupled to the Ethernet chip RTL8201F through the network transformer X1X1. The chip RTL8201F identifies and stores the information sent; the POE power supply / DC power supply is also transmitted synchronously with the Ethernet signal. The POE power supply / DC power supply enters the rectifier bridge stack D1 and D4 through the primary center tap of the network transformer X1 to prevent incorrect wiring polarity, thereby using bridge stack rectification to separate the network and power supply at the primary of the network transformer X1. After the power supply is rectified by the bridge stack, it is filtered by the common-mode inductor LF1 and then reaches the back end to power the coaxial interface U3. When transmitting POE power, the PSE and PD connected to the input and output ends of the switch that can convert twisted pair signals and coaxial signals in this embodiment first need to perform a handshake protocol to perform PD identification, classification, power supply and other steps. Diode D2 is a 30V voltage regulator. When the PSE and PD complete the handshake, power supply begins. First, the voltage regulator diode, namely diode D2, is broken down. Then, through the current limiting of resistor R2, it reaches the gate of switch tube Q1, namely MOS tube. Switch tube Q1 is used to control the negative circuit of the switch that can convert twisted pair signals and coaxial signals. After POE starts powering, the POE power will pass through diode D2 and resistor R2, turning on switch tube Q1, so that the negative electrode of the switch that can convert twisted pair signals and coaxial signals is formed. The switch chip starts working. The purpose is to allow the POE power supply to be supplied first, because the handshake protocol between PSE and PD may affect the transmission of network data, or after the data transmission is completed, it may affect the handshake protocol between PSE and PD, thereby avoiding interference. Similarly, if it is a DC power supply, the handshake protocol step is skipped. The remaining steps are the same. Diodes D6 and D7 are used to prevent interference between the coaxial power supply and the input power supply. Therefore, diodes are used to set the power supply to unidirectionality to prevent interference.

[0044] 2. After RTL8201F processes and stores the input signal, it will connect to the Ethernet coaxial signal conversion chip RTL8201G through its own RMII high-speed communication interface, and realize signal storage and forwarding through the RMII high-speed communication interface between the two. When the RTL8201F signal is transmitted to RTL8201G through the RMII signal line, RTL8201G will process and convert the information into a signal suitable for coaxial transmission and comply with the EOC transmission protocol.

[0045] 3. After RTL8201G completes signal conversion, it will pass through transformer U5. Transformer U5 preferably uses a Balun transformer to couple the signal out. Because the Ethernet transmission signal impedance is generally 75 ohms / 100 ohms, and the coaxial transmission impedance is generally 50 ohms, in order to make the signal stable during transmission and not produce reflections, a Balun transformer must be used to couple the signal out. After the signal is coupled out, it is coupled to the coaxial cable through two coupling capacitors C50 and capacitor C51 for transmission. At the same time, the power supply separated from the input end is also applied here to achieve synchronous output of the signal and power supply of the coaxial cable.

[0046] 4. When the signal needs to be extended, that is, when it is transmitted over long distances, if a single switch that can convert twisted pair signals and coaxial signals of this embodiment cannot meet the transmission distance, a series connection method can be selected, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment uses two Ethernet chips, namely the first controller U1RTL8201F and the second controller U2RTL8201G, which have different data transmission distances, so it can be transmitted through Figure 9 The embodiment is extended in series in the manner shown, so that the embodiment can meet different transmission distances, which can greatly improve the scope of application of the embodiment. In order to ensure the stability of data transmission between the two Ethernet chips, the embodiment further provides a third controller MCU for connecting the first controller U1 and the second controller U2. The third controller MCU is used to adjust and maintain the consistency of the data transmission rate. For example, when the data rate of one chip is 100M and the data rate of the other chip is 1G, the third controller MCU adjusts the transmission rate of the two chips to 100M, preventing the problem of data packet loss, thereby ensuring the security and reliability of data during long-distance transmission.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention is disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of the above-disclosed technical contents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the present invention, which do not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switch capable of converting twisted-pair signals and coaxial signals, characterized in that: It includes a signal input module, a network transformer X1, a power supply module, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module, a signal coupling module and a coaxial interface U3; The external differential signal is transmitted to the network transformer X1 through the signal input module; The network transformer X1 is used to separate the received signal into a power signal and an Ethernet signal. The network transformer X1 transmits the Ethernet signal to the first signal processing module and transmits the power signal to the power supply module; The power module rectifies and filters the received power signal, and supplies power to the coaxial interface U3 through the rectified and filtered power signal; The first signal processing module stores and processes the received Ethernet signal, and transmits the processed signal to the second signal processing module; The second signal processing module converts the received signal into a signal suitable for coaxial transmission, and transmits the converted signal to the signal coupling module, which couples the signal to the coaxial interface U3.

2. A switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module includes an input rectifier and filter module and a negative loop control module. The input end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1, the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the input end of the negative loop control module, and the output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the power supply end of the coaxial interface U3. The negative loop control module is used to control whether the negative loop of the power supply is conductive.

3. A switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative circuit control module includes a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C2 and a switch tube Q1; The output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first ground end, the diode D3 and the capacitor C2 are both connected in parallel with the resistor R7, the control end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, one switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R7, and the other switch end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the second ground end.

4. A switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply module also includes a diode D6 and a diode D7. The output end of the input rectifier and filter module is connected to the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the first ground end, and the cathode of the diode D6 and the anode of the diode D7 are both connected to the power signal output end of the network transformer X1.

5. The switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal coupling module includes a transformer U5, a resistor R40, a capacitor C35, a capacitor C50 and a capacitor C51; The third pin and the fourth pin of the transformer U5 are respectively connected to the second signal processing module, the first pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module through the capacitor C50, the sixth pin of the transformer U5 is connected to the first ground end through the capacitor C51, the two ends of the capacitor C35 are respectively connected to the output end of the input rectifier and filter module and the first ground end, and the resistor R40 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C35.

6. The switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first signal processing module includes a first controller U1 , and the model of the first controller U1 is RTL8201F.

7. The switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second signal processing module includes a second controller U2 , and the model of the second controller U2 is RTL8201G.

8. The switch capable of converting twisted pair signals and coaxial signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third controller MCU, and the first signal processing module and the second signal processing module are both connected to the third controller.

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