Cyclone separator and thermal power generation system
By introducing an annular air inlet pipe at the bottom of the cyclone separator to form a negative pressure zone, the pressure field in the separation chamber is changed, the problem of particle retention or backmixing is solved, and the separation efficiency is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422794152.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-15
AI Technical Summary
Cyclone separators are prone to particle retention or backmixing at the bottom of the separation chamber, affecting separation efficiency.
An annular air inlet pipe is introduced at the bottom of the separation chamber of the cyclone separator to form a negative pressure area by sending air, thereby changing the bottom pressure field, enhancing the particle separation effect, and guiding the particle flow.
It effectively solves the problem of particle retention or backmixing at the bottom of the cyclone separator and improves the separation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223430441U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of material separation, and in particular to a cyclone separator and a thermal power generation system. Background Art
[0002] A cyclone separator is a device used to separate gas-solid systems or gas-liquid systems. When the cyclone separator is working, the mixed fluid enters the separator body through the upper air inlet. During the process of flowing in the separation chamber in an external vortex, the solid or liquid particles in the mixed fluid are thrown onto the cylinder wall due to centrifugal force and fall to the particle discharge port. The air flow ascends along the separation chamber in an internal vortex and is finally discharged from the top exhaust port.
[0003] In related technologies, the outer vortex of a cyclone separator has a higher pressure, while the inner vortex has a lower pressure. The static pressure is lowest at the center of the cyclone separator and extends all the way to the particle discharge outlet. Therefore, the low static pressure at the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber can easily lead to particle retention or backmixing. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a cyclone separator and a thermal power generation system, which can reduce particle retention or backmixing at the bottom, so as to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a cyclone separator is provided, comprising:
[0006] a separation chamber for separating a gas-liquid mixture or a gas-solid mixture, the separation chamber having a feed port and an exhaust port located at the top, and a discharge port located at the bottom; and
[0007] An annular air inlet pipe is connected to the separation chamber, and an air outlet end of the annular air inlet pipe is used to supply air toward the bottom of the separation chamber.
[0008] Optionally, the annular air inlet pipe includes an air intake main pipe and an air intake sub-pipe, the air intake sub-pipe is connected to the separation chamber and extends obliquely upward from the connection point, and the air intake main pipe is used to connect the air intake sub-pipe and the air source.
[0009] Optionally, an included angle between an extension direction of the air bleed tube and an extension direction of the separation chamber is 30° to 60°.
[0010] Optionally, the diameter of the air bleed tube is not greater than 25 mm.
[0011] Optionally, the air bleed main pipe is connected to the outer wall of the separation chamber and is arranged around the separation chamber, and the number of the air bleed sub-pipes is set to be multiple and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the air bleed main pipe.
[0012] Optionally, the air inlet sub-pipe is inserted into the separation chamber with the air outlet end flush with the inner wall of the separation chamber.
[0013] Optionally, the separation chamber comprises a cylindrical separation cavity, a conical separation cavity and a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the conical separation cavity in sequence, the discharge port is formed at the bottom of the discharge pipe, and the number of the annular air inlet pipes is configured to be multiple and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the cyclone separator in the discharge pipe and / or the conical separation cavity.
[0014] Optionally, the number of the annular air inlet pipes is configured to be two, one of which is connected to the outer wall of the conical separation cavity and the connection is close to the bottom of the conical separation cavity, and the other is connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe and the connection is close to the top of the discharge pipe.
[0015] Optionally, a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on each of the annular air inlet pipes.
[0016] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a thermal power generation system is provided, comprising the cyclone separator as described above.
[0017] Through the above technical solution, the air sent into the bottom space of the separation chamber through the annular air inlet pipe can change the pressure field at the bottom of the separation chamber, thereby enhancing the particle separation effect of the mixture in the separation chamber and guiding the flow of the separated particles, so as to improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator. Specifically, when the cyclone separator is running, the gas-liquid mixture or gas-solid mixture enters the separation chamber through the feed port, and the external air enters the bottom space of the separation chamber through the annular air inlet pipe, forming a certain pressure field (negative pressure) in the bottom space of the separation chamber. The air flow entering the bottom space of the separation chamber changes the pressure field in the bottom space of the separation chamber through the air volume and pressure, so that the particles of the target size are discharged from the discharge port of the separation chamber, thereby solving the problem of particle retention or backmixing at the bottom of the cyclone separator, enhancing the particle separation effect and improving the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator.
[0018] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the following specific embodiments, serve to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cyclone separator provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ring-shaped air inlet pipe provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0022] Reference Signs
[0023] 10, cyclone separator;
[0024] 1, separation chamber; 11, feed inlet; 12, exhaust outlet; 13, discharge outlet; 14, cylindrical separation cavity; 15, conical separation cavity; 16, discharge pipe; 2, ring-shaped air inlet pipe; 21, air induction main pipe; 22, air induction sub-pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
[0026] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "inner, outer" refers to the inside and outside of the profile of the corresponding component; "far, near" refers to the far, near of the spatial position of the corresponding component relative to another component. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present disclosure are used to distinguish one element from another element, and do not have sequentiality and importance. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated.
[0027] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present disclosure provides a cyclone separator 10, comprising a separation chamber 1 and a ring-shaped air inlet pipe 2, wherein the separation chamber 1 is used for the separation of gas-liquid mixture or gas-solid mixture, the separation chamber 1 has a feed inlet 11 and an exhaust outlet 12 located above, and a discharge outlet 13 located below; the ring-shaped air inlet pipe 2 is communicated with the separation chamber 1, and the air outlet end of the ring-shaped air inlet pipe 2 is used to send air towards the bottom of the separation chamber 1 to change the pressure field at the bottom of the separation chamber 1.
[0028] The above technical solution, i.e., the air can be supplied to the bottom of the separation chamber 1 of the cyclone separator 10 through the annular air inlet pipe 2, which can change the pressure field at the bottom of the separation chamber 1, thereby enhancing the particle separation effect of the mixture in the separation chamber 1 and guiding the flow of the separated particles to improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 10. The supplied air can be a high-speed jet of air fluid. Specifically, when the cyclone separator 10 is in operation, a gas-liquid mixture or a gas-solid mixture enters the separation chamber 1 through the feed port 11, and external air enters the bottom space of the separation chamber 1 through the annular air inlet pipe 2, forming a certain pressure field (negative pressure) in the bottom space of the separation chamber 1. The air volume and pressure of the air flow entering the bottom of the separation chamber 1 change the pressure field in the bottom space of the separation chamber 1, so that particles of a target size are discharged from the discharge port 13 of the separation chamber 1, thereby solving the problem of particle retention or backmixing at the bottom of the cyclone separator 10, enhancing the particle separation effect, and improving the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 10.
[0029] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the annular air inlet pipe 2 can include a main air bleed pipe 21 and a sub-air bleed pipe 22. The sub-air bleed pipe 22 is connected to the separation chamber 1 and extends upward from the connection point. The main air bleed pipe 21 is used to connect the sub-air bleed pipe 22 with the air source. In this way, air enters the interior of the separation chamber 1 downward at a certain angle through the sub-air bleed pipe 22. The ejected air can form a low-pressure area, which in turn creates a negative pressure in the bottom space of the separation chamber 1. Therefore, the injected air can transport the mixture.
[0030] In an exemplary application environment, the cyclone separator 10 can be used to separate a mixture of flue gas and fly ash from a thermal power generation system. The mixture of flue gas and fly ash enters the interior of the separation chamber 1 through the feed port 11, which extends tangentially along the outer wall of the separation chamber 1. The mixture airflow changes from linear motion to circular motion, wherein the vast majority of the mixture airflow flows downward in a spiral along the inner wall of the separation chamber 1. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid fly ash particles are thrown toward the inner wall of the separation chamber 1. Once they come into contact with the inner wall of the separation chamber 1, they lose their inertial force and fall along the inner wall of the separation chamber 1 due to the downward axial velocity momentum near the inner wall of the separation chamber 1 and are discharged from the discharge port 13. The rotating and descending external vortex airflow continuously flows into the center of the separation chamber 1 during the descent process, forming a centripetal radial airflow. This part of the airflow constitutes a rotating upward internal vortex flow, and the flue gas is discharged through the exhaust port 12. During this process, high-speed jet air is injected through the air bleed tube 22 to form a negative pressure area, which can effectively separate and guide the fly ash particles in the mixed air flow, so as to enhance the separation effect of the flue gas and fly ash particles and improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 10, wherein this part of the air can come from the compressed air in the thermal power plant.
[0031] It is understandable that in some other application scenarios, the cyclone separator 10 can also be used to separate other gas-liquid mixtures or gas-solid mixtures, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
[0032] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the angle between the extension direction of the air bleed tube 22 and the extension direction of the separation chamber 1 can be 30° to 60°. In this way, the mixed air flow can be guided by the air ejected from the air bleed tube 22. When the angle between the extension direction of the air bleed tube 22 and the extension direction of the separation chamber 1 is 30° to 60°, the air flow can enter the separation chamber 1 from the air bleed tube 22, so that the area where the negative pressure zone is formed is concentrated in the area where the mixed air flow spirals, strengthening the strength of the formed negative pressure zone and improving the separation efficiency. In addition, the air flow entering the separation chamber 1 from the air outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 can increase the adsorption force on the particles, allowing the particles to sink and be discharged more quickly and thoroughly, thereby improving the separation effect.
[0033] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the air duct 22 is no greater than 25 mm. This prevents excessive air volume and pressure from affecting the mixture flow at the bottom of the separation chamber 1. Furthermore, the air duct 22 can form a quasi-free vortex region with the mixture flow within a certain range, creating a negative pressure zone sufficient to adsorb particles, thereby improving the separation effect.
[0034] It can be understood that the diameter of the air bleed tube 22 is related to the setting position of the annular air inlet pipe 2. When the diameter of the air bleed tube 22 is set larger and the air outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 is too close to the bottom of the separation chamber 1, the air flow entering the separation chamber 1 from the air outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 will disturb the mixed air flow in the separation chamber 1, thereby reducing the separation efficiency of the mixed air flow in the separation chamber 1; when the diameter of the air bleed tube 22 is set smaller and the air outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 is too far from the bottom of the separation chamber 1, some finer particles that are already at the bottom of the separation chamber 1 will re-enter the upward internal vortex. At this time, the negative pressure zone formed by the air flow entering the separation chamber 1 from the air outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 cannot adsorb the remixed particles.
[0035] Therefore, the present disclosure sets the diameter of the air inlet pipe 22 to no more than 25 mm for example only. The diameter of the air inlet pipe 22 can be adjusted according to the position of the annular air inlet pipe 2 in the separation chamber 1. For example, when the annular air inlet pipe 2 is farther away from the bottom of the separation chamber 1, it can be set to a larger diameter. When the annular air inlet pipe 2 is closer to the bottom of the separation chamber 1, it can be set to a smaller diameter. The present disclosure does not make any specific restrictions on this.
[0036] In some embodiments, referenceFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main air bleed pipe 21 is connected to the outer wall of the separation chamber 1 and is arranged around the separation chamber 1. The number of air bleed sub-pipes 22 is set to multiple and spaced along the circumferential direction of the main air bleed pipe 21. In this way, the provision of multiple air bleed sub-pipes 22 can provide multiple air jets to strengthen the strength of the negative pressure zone formed, thereby improving the separation effect and increasing the separation efficiency. In addition, the annular shape of the main air bleed pipe 21 can ensure pressure balance among the various outlet sub-pipes, reducing the possibility of air flow unevenness and pressure fluctuations inside the separation chamber 1, thereby reducing the possibility of affecting the particle capture effect at the bottom of the separation chamber 1 and ensuring the separation effect of the cyclone separator 10.
[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outlet end of the air bleed tube 22 inserted into the separation chamber 1 can be flush with the inner wall of the separation chamber 1. This can reduce the possibility that the structural wall of the air bleed tube 22 inserted into the separation chamber 1 will affect the mixed airflow in the separation chamber 1. At the same time, it can also increase the area of the negative pressure zone formed by the air injection flow, thereby ensuring the guidance and separation effect of the mixed airflow and improving the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 10.
[0038] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the separation chamber 1 may include a cylindrical separation chamber 14, a conical separation chamber 15 and a discharge pipe 16 connected to the bottom of the conical separation chamber 15, which are connected in sequence. The discharge port 13 is formed at the bottom of the discharge pipe 16. In this way, the separation time of the mixed airflow in the cylindrical separation chamber 14 can be increased, and the mixed airflow moves along the inner wall of the cylindrical separation chamber 1, so that the flow rate of the mixed airflow is greater, thereby improving the separation efficiency of the mixed airflow in the cylindrical separation chamber 14.
[0039] In addition, the number of annular air inlet pipes 2 can be configured to be multiple and arranged at intervals in the discharge pipe 16 and / or the conical separation chamber 15 along the extension direction of the cyclone separator 10. In this way, by providing multiple annular air inlet pipes 2, a negative pressure zone can be formed near the connection between the conical separation chamber 15 and the discharge pipe 16, so as to guide and separate the mixed air flow, wherein the multiple annular air inlet pipes 2 can be provided at the bottom of the conical separation chamber 15 and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the conical separation chamber 15, or the multiple annular air inlet pipes 2 can be provided at the top of the discharge pipe 16 and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the discharge pipe 16, or some of the multiple annular air inlet pipes 2 can be provided in the conical separation chamber 15, and the other part can be provided in the discharge pipe 16, and the present disclosure does not make any specific restrictions on this.
[0040] In some exemplary embodiments, referring to Figure 1 andFigure 2 As shown, the number of annular air inlet pipes 2 can be set to two, one of which can be connected to the outer wall of the conical separation chamber 15, and the connection point is close to the bottom of the conical separation chamber 15, and the other annular air inlet pipe 2 can be connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe 16, and the connection point is close to the top of the discharge pipe 16.
[0041] It is understandable that the number of annular air inlet pipes 2 may also be set to three, one of which may be connected to the outer wall of the conical separation chamber 15, with the connection point close to the bottom of the conical separation chamber 15, and the other two annular air inlet pipes 2 may be connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe 16, with the connection points close to the top of the discharge pipe 16, and the two annular air inlet pipes 2 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the discharge pipe 16. The present disclosure is not limited to this.
[0042] In some embodiments, each annular air inlet pipe 2 may be equipped with a valve and a pressure gauge. This allows the volume of air entering the annular main pipe to be varied by adjusting the valve opening, thereby varying the volume and velocity of the injected air fluid entering the separation chamber 1 through the air bleed sub-pipe 22. This, in turn, alters the air volume and pressure within the separation chamber 1 and adjusts the intensity of the negative pressure zone. Furthermore, the pressure gauge can be used to monitor the air pressure, facilitating adaptive adjustment of the pressure.
[0043] For example, when the mixed airflow is large, the air volume entering the annular main pipe can be increased by increasing the opening of the valve, thereby increasing the air volume and wind speed of the injected air fluid entering the separation chamber 1 through the air bleed pipe 22, so as to increase the air volume and wind pressure inside the separation chamber 1, improve the strength of the negative pressure zone, ensure the separation effect of the cyclone separator 10, and improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 10.
[0044] When the mixed air flow is small, the air volume entering the annular main pipe can be reduced by reducing the opening of the valve, thereby reducing the air volume and wind speed of the injected air fluid entering the separation chamber 1 through the air bleed sub-pipe 22, so as to reduce the air volume and wind pressure inside the separation chamber 1, reduce the intensity of the negative pressure zone, and save some energy.
[0045] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a thermal power generation system is provided, including the cyclone separator 10 described above. The cyclone separator 10 can be used to separate a mixture of flue gas and fly ash from the thermal power generation system. Thus, the cyclone separator 10 can separate the mixture of flue gas and fly ash, facilitating subsequent treatment of the flue gas and fly ash, and reducing environmental pollution caused by the flue gas and fly ash.
[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0047] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.
[0048] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A cyclone separator, characterized in that: include: A separation chamber for separating a gas-liquid mixture or a gas-solid mixture, wherein the separation chamber has a feed port and an exhaust port at the top, and a discharge port at the bottom; as well as An annular air inlet pipe is connected to the separation chamber, and an air outlet end of the annular air inlet pipe is used to supply air toward the bottom of the separation chamber.
2. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that The annular air inlet pipe includes an air intake main pipe and an air intake sub-pipe. The air intake sub-pipe is connected to the separation chamber and extends obliquely upward from the connection point. The air intake main pipe is used to connect the air intake sub-pipe and the air source.
3. The cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterized in that The included angle between the extension direction of the air bleed tube and the extension direction of the separation chamber is 30° to 60°.
4. The cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterized in that The diameter of the air bleed tube is not greater than 25 mm.
5. The cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterized in that The air bleed main pipe is connected to the outer wall of the separation chamber and is arranged around the separation chamber. The number of the air bleed sub-pipes is set to be multiple and are arranged at intervals along the surrounding direction of the air bleed main pipe.
6. The cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterized in that The air outlet end of the air bleed sub-pipe inserted into the separation chamber is flush with the inner wall of the separation chamber.
7. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that The separation chamber includes a cylindrical separation chamber, a conical separation chamber and a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the conical separation chamber, which are connected in sequence. The discharge port is formed at the bottom of the discharge pipe. The number of the annular air inlet pipes is constructed to be multiple and are arranged at intervals on the discharge pipe and / or the conical separation chamber along the extension direction of the cyclone separator.
8. The cyclone separator according to claim 7, characterized in that The number of the annular air inlet pipes is set to two, one of which is connected to the outer wall of the conical separation chamber, and the connection point is close to the bottom of the conical separation chamber, and the other annular air inlet pipe is connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe, and the connection point is close to the top of the discharge pipe.
9. The cyclone separator according to claim 7, characterized in that Each of the annular air inlet pipes is provided with a valve and a pressure gauge.
10. A thermal power generation system, characterized in that: A cyclone separator comprising the cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 9.