Rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving
By utilizing pressure differential drive and heat pipe cooling design in the rare earth solid-state hydrogen storage reactor, the problems of uneven hydrogen contact and difficult heat transfer are solved, achieving more efficient hydrogen storage performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423069201.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing rare earth hydrogen storage devices have problems such as uneven contact between hydrogen and metal hydrogen storage materials, pulverization leading to difficulty in heat transfer, powder agglomeration leading to increased gas resistance, and decreased hydrogen storage capacity.
A rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor design driven by pressure difference is adopted. The pressure difference between the inner and outer hydrogen is used to make the hydrogen flow from the center to both sides, and the packing area is cooled by heat pipes and outer hydrogen to ensure uniform contact and rapid heat transfer.
It solves the problem of poor local hydrogen circulation caused by pulverization and compaction, and improves the hydrogen absorption reaction rate and hydrogen storage efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223448119U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to solid hydrogen storage device technical field, specifically a kind of rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving. BACKGROUND
[0002] Rare earth hydrogen storage is reversible chemical reaction between hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen, hydrogen is stored in crystal to form metal hydride, this mode has the characteristics of larger hydrogen storage density, mild operating conditions, excellent cycle characteristics, so it becomes one of the more recognized high-efficiency hydrogen storage methods.
[0003] The hydrogen absorption and release process of rare earth hydrogen storage material is a reversible reaction accompanied by strong heat effect and mass transfer. The hydrogen absorption is an exothermic reaction, and the heat released by the reaction increases the temperature of the alloy hydrogen storage material. When the temperature reaches a certain value, the hydrogen absorption will stop. If the heat continues to be absorbed and reaches a certain temperature, the hydrogen release process will begin. The heat control of rare earth solid hydrogen storage is usually realized by heat pipes arranged inside the solid hydrogen storage reactor.
[0004] Due to the poor thermal conductivity of rare earth hydrogen storage alloy, especially after multiple hydrogen absorption and release cycles, the alloy particles will be pulverized, which will further reduce the thermal conductivity. The alloy powder will be cemented into a block in the adsorption bed, increasing the gas resistance of the bed and hindering the mass transfer process of the bed. This phenomenon will cause the inhomogeneity of the rare earth hydrogen storage process. This makes it difficult for the heat released during the hydrogen absorption process of the rare earth alloy to be quickly dissipated, resulting in a significant decrease in the hydrogen absorption kinetics of the hydrogen storage device. The current hydrogen storage reactor design mainly has the following problems:
[0005] 1. Single gas interface, resulting in uneven contact time and contact degree of hydrogen and metal hydrogen storage material.
[0006] 2. The rare earth hydrogen storage material is pulverized during the hydrogen absorption process, which makes it difficult to efficiently transfer heat, resulting in a decrease in hydrogen storage rate.
[0007] 3. The pulverized hydrogen storage material will be cemented in some areas, which will cause local hydrogen to be unable to flow, resulting in a decrease in hydrogen storage capacity. INVENTION CONTENTS
[0008] To solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving, which drives hydrogen to flow from the center to the two sides by the pressure difference formed by the hydrogen on the inside and outside, avoids the problem of local hydrogen being unable to flow caused by the cementation of the hydrogen storage material after pulverization during the hydrogen absorption process, and the heat pipes inside the reactor and the hydrogen on the outside can simultaneously cool the reactor bed, improving the reaction rate of hydrogen absorption.
[0009] To achieve the above technical purposes, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.
[0010] A rare earth solid-state hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving, comprising a hydrogen storage reactor shell, a heat conducting pipe, a central gas pipe, an upper end cover and a lower end cover, the top and bottom of the hydrogen storage reactor shell are closed by the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively, a reactor filter screen in a cylindrical shape is fixedly installed inside the hydrogen storage reactor shell, the reactor filter screen separates the inside of the hydrogen storage reactor shell into an annular low-pressure area on the outside and a filler area on the inside, a central gas pipe extending to the outside of the upper end cover of the hydrogen storage reactor shell is fixedly installed at the center of the filler area, a plurality of heat conducting pipes are fixedly installed in the filler area around the outside of the central gas pipe in an annular shape, and the top and bottom of the heat conducting pipes are communicated with the upper end cover and the lower end cover respectively; a hydrogen supply pipe is fixedly communicated with one side of the top of the hydrogen storage reactor shell, a hydrogen outlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the other side of the bottom of the hydrogen storage reactor shell, a shell channel inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with one side of the upper end cover, and a shell channel outlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the other side of the lower end cover.
[0011] Specifically, the central gas pipe is uniformly provided with gas holes on the side surface.
[0012] Specifically, the reactor filter screen comprises at least two layers of filter screens or filter cartridges.
[0013] Specifically, the central gas pipe is fixedly provided with a filter at one end of the end portion outside the upper end cover.
[0014] Specifically, the filler area is filled with LaNi5 hydrogen storage material.
[0015] Specifically, the heat conducting pipe is filled with a heat conducting medium, and the heat conducting medium comprises water, heat conducting oil or air.
[0016] Specifically, the hydrogen storage reactor shell and the heat conducting pipe are made of hydrogen embrittlement resistant metal material.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] 1. The hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving drives the hydrogen to flow from the center to the two sides by the pressure difference formed by the hydrogen on the inside and the outside, thereby avoiding the problem that the hydrogen cannot flow in the local area due to the hardening of the hydrogen storage material after pulverization in the hydrogen absorption process.
[0019] 2. The hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving can simultaneously cool the filler area by the heat conducting pipe inside the hydrogen storage reactor and the hydrogen on the outside, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption reaction rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of the hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure driving according to the present application;
[0021] Figure 2The utility model discloses a hydrogen storage reactor cross section's plan view.
[0022] Figure 3 The utility model discloses a center gas pipe's structural diagram.
[0023] In the drawing: 1, hydrogen storage reactor shell, 2, heat conduction pipe, 3, center gas pipe, 4, upper end cover, 5, lower end cover, 6, reactor filter screen, 7, annular low pressure area, 8, packing area, 9, hydrogen supply pipe, 10, hydrogen outlet pipe, 11, shell access pipe, 12, shell discharge pipe, 13, air hole, 14, filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be apparently and completely described below with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, and obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative work belong to the range of the utility model protection.
[0025] EMBODIMENT
[0026] As Figure 1 And Figure 2 The utility model discloses a rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on differential pressure drive, including hydrogen storage reactor shell 1, heat conduction pipe 2, center gas pipe 3, upper end cover 4 and lower end cover 5, the hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 top and bottom are closed through upper end cover 4 and lower end cover 5 respectively, and the reactor filter screen 6 of cylindrical shape is fixedly installed in the hydrogen storage reactor shell 1, the reactor filter screen 6 divides the hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 into annular low pressure area 7 of outside and packing area 8 of inside, and the center gas pipe 3 extending to the upper end cover 4 outside of hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 top is fixedly installed from the packing area 8 center of hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 bottom, and the heat conduction pipe 2 of multiple roots is fixedly installed in the packing area 8 of annular arrangement around the center gas pipe 3 outside, and the heat conduction pipe 2 top and bottom are communicated with upper end cover 4 and lower end cover 5 respectively, the hydrogen supply pipe 9 of fixed communication has one side in the hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 top, and the hydrogen outlet pipe 10 of fixed communication has the other side in the hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 bottom, the shell access pipe 11 of fixed communication has one side in upper end cover 4, and the shell discharge pipe 12 of fixed communication has the other side in lower end cover 5.
[0027] In the embodiment, the annular gas circuit formed by the annular low pressure area 7 of the reactor filter screen 6 outside, by making the pressure difference between the center gas pipe 3 of hydrogen storage reactor and annular low pressure area 7, drive hydrogen can fully diffuse from the center gas pipe 3 to the surrounding, so that the hydrogen storage material can fully contact with hydrogen, realize maximum efficiency.
[0028] AsFigure 3 As shown, a sufficient number of air holes 13 are evenly opened on the side of the central air pipe 3 so that hydrogen can evenly enter or exit the hydrogen storage reactor from various positions on the surface of the central air pipe 3 .
[0029] In this embodiment, the reactor filter screen 6 contains at least two layers of filter screens or filter elements.
[0030] In this embodiment, a filter 14 is fixedly installed at one end of the central gas pipe 3 outside the upper end cover 4 to prevent external impurities from entering the hydrogen storage reactor along with the hydrogen during the hydrogen absorption process, and also to prevent powder generated by the hydrogen storage material during the hydrogen absorption process from entering the external hydrogen transmission pipe.
[0031] The filling area 8 is filled with LaNi5 hydrogen storage material.
[0032] A heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat conduction tube 2, and the heat transfer medium includes water, heat transfer oil or air. The heat exchange fluid enters the upper end cover 4 through the shell-side access pipe 11, then enters the heat conduction tube 2, exchanges heat with the LaNi5 hydrogen storage material, enters the lower end cover 5 from the bottom of the heat conduction tube 2, and finally flows out from the shell-side discharge pipe 12.
[0033] The hydrogen storage reactor shell 1 and the heat pipe 2 are both made of hydrogen embrittlement-resistant metal materials.
[0034] Working principle:
[0035] When the hydrogen storage reactor absorbs hydrogen, hydrogen with a pressure higher than the equilibrium pressure at the operating temperature is introduced into the central gas pipe 3, and hydrogen with a pressure at the equilibrium pressure at the operating temperature is introduced into the outer hydrogen supply pipe 9, so that a pressure difference is formed between the central gas pipe 3 of the hydrogen storage reactor and the external annular low-pressure area 7, so that the hydrogen can be fully diffused from the central gas pipe 3 of the hydrogen storage reactor to the surrounding area and fully contact with the LaNi5 hydrogen storage material; at the same time, a low-temperature fluid is introduced into the heat pipe 2 to cool the filler area 8 to increase the hydrogen absorption rate;
[0036] When the hydrogen storage reactor is releasing hydrogen, the outer hydrogen supply pipe 9 is closed, and at the same time, a high-temperature fluid is introduced into the heat pipe 2 to heat the filler area 8, so that the hydrogen is discharged from the central gas pipe 3.
[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation thereto. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above disclosure to modify or remodel the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention shall remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on pressure difference drive, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen storage reactor shell (1), a heat conducting pipe (2), a central air pipe (3), an upper end cover (4) and a lower end cover (5), wherein the top and bottom of the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) are respectively sealed by the upper end cover (4) and the lower end cover (5), and a cylindrical reactor filter (6) is fixedly installed inside the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1), and the reactor filter (6) divides the inside of the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) into an outer annular low-pressure area (7) and an inner filling area (8), and the center of the filling area (8) is fixedly installed from the bottom of the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) to the hydrogen storage reactor shell ( 1) A central gas pipe (3) outside the top upper end cover (4) is fixedly installed with a plurality of heat conducting pipes (2) arranged in a ring shape in a filler area (8) surrounding the outside of the central gas pipe (3), and the top and bottom of the heat conducting pipes (2) are respectively connected to the upper end cover (4) and the lower end cover (5); one side of the top of the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) is fixedly connected to a hydrogen supply pipe (9), and the other side of the bottom of the hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) is fixedly connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe (10); one side of the upper end cover (4) is fixedly connected to a shell-side inlet pipe (11), and the other side of the lower end cover (5) is fixedly connected to a shell-side discharge pipe (12).
2. A rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor based on pressure difference drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: Air holes (13) are evenly formed on the side of the central air pipe (3).
3. The pressure-differential driven rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor filter screen (6) contains at least two layers of filter screens or filter elements.
4. The pressure-differential driven rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (14) is fixedly mounted on one end of the central air pipe (3) outside the upper end cover (4).
5. The pressure-differential driven rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler area (8) is filled with LaNi5 hydrogen storage material.
6. The pressure-differential driven rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting medium is introduced into the heat-conducting pipe (2), and the heat-conducting medium includes water, heat-conducting oil or air.
7. The pressure-differential driven rare earth solid hydrogen storage reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage reactor shell (1) and the heat conducting pipe (2) are both made of hydrogen embrittlement-resistant metal materials.