Upper cover assembly and single battery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an upper cover assembly and a single battery. The problem that an existing battery module has potential safety hazards is solved. The upper cover assembly comprises an upper cover plate, an explosion venting part arranged on the upper cover plate, two polarity terminals which are arranged on the upper cover plate and have opposite polarities, and an explosion venting branch pipe; one end of the explosion venting branch pipe is connected with the upper cover plate area on the periphery of the explosion venting part; the polar terminal is provided with a functional structure, and the functional structure is used for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the single battery comprises the upper cover assembly. The explosion venting branch pipe is conveniently connected with the first explosion venting collecting pipe of the battery module, and meanwhile, the sealing performance of the connecting part can be ensured, so that thermal runaway smoke is prevented from leaking from the connecting part of the single battery and the first explosion venting collecting pipe. Meanwhile, the part, provided with the functional structure, of the polar terminal is positioned in the battery module heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, so that a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, and specifically relates to an upper cover assembly and a single battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of single batteries are connected by electricity to form a battery module (also referred to as a battery pack).

[0003] Due to the high concentration of single batteries in the battery module, a large amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging, and the heat gradually increases. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the battery module, thereby reducing the service life of the battery module. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery module is destroyed, and the battery module is out of control, which poses a safety hazard.

[0004] In addition, each single battery in the battery module may be out of control due to mechanical, electrical and thermal abuse and its own defects. If the thermal runaway is not effectively treated, it will cause a safety accident and pose a threat to the personal safety of people around the battery module. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model provides an upper cover assembly and a single battery, which are based on the single battery to build a battery module, and solve the problem of safety hazards existing in the existing battery module.

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of upper cover assembly, including upper cover plate, be set on the upper cover plate and be set on the two polarity terminals of opposite polarity of upper cover plate venting branch pipe;

[0007] One end of venting branch pipe is connected with the upper cover plate area around venting part;

[0008] Polarity terminal is equipped with functional structure, and the functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of polarity terminal;Polarity terminal is equipped with functional structure part and is placed in the inner cavity of heat exchange device of battery module, and directly contacts with heat exchange medium.

[0009] The utility model sets up venting branch pipe on the upper cover plate of single battery, corresponding to venting part position;One end of venting branch pipe is connected with the upper cover plate area around venting part, and the other end is used to connect with the first venting manifold in battery module, and is connected with the inner cavity of first venting manifold;

[0010] Compared with single battery without setting venting branch pipe, it is convenient to connect with the first venting manifold, and the sealing property of connection part can be ensured, to avoid that thermal runaway smoke leaks from the connection part of single battery and the first venting manifold.

[0011] Meanwhile, when the sizes of the single batteries in the height direction are different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of the single batteries are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of the single batteries cannot be kept on the same plane, the utility model communicates the explosion venting part of each single battery and the inner cavity of the first explosion venting manifold through the explosion venting branch pipe, the explosion venting branch pipe can compensate the height difference between the upper cover plates in the height direction, so the flatness requirement of each upper cover plate, i.e. each explosion venting part, is low, and when the upper cover plates of the single batteries have a certain height difference, the explosion venting part of each single battery and the inner cavity of the first explosion venting manifold can also be ensured to be sealed and communicated through the explosion venting branch pipe.

[0012] In addition, the utility model discloses a functional structure on the polarity terminal, and the functional structure is used for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal.

[0013] The utility model discloses the upper cover assembly of single battery is optimized from the above two aspects, and the safety performance of the battery module based on the single battery can be further improved.

[0014] Further, the explosion venting branch pipe and the upper cover plate can be an integral piece or a split piece; when being an integral piece, the explosion venting branch pipe is preferably insulated from the first explosion venting manifold. For example, a hollow connecting pipe can be added, the material of the hollow connecting pipe is insulating material, one end of the hollow connecting pipe is fixedly sleeved with the explosion venting branch pipe, and the other end of the hollow connecting pipe is used for connecting with the first explosion venting manifold. When being a split piece, the explosion venting branch pipe is preferably insulated from the upper cover plate. For example, the explosion venting branch pipe is an injection molding piece, and the explosion venting branch pipe is formed on the upper cover plate in the form of injection molding.

[0015] Further, in order to facilitate the connection with the first explosion venting manifold having a branch pipe, the following improvements can be made to the upper cover assembly and the explosion venting branch pipe:

[0016] The other end of the explosion venting branch pipe has a chamfer, when the wall thickness of the explosion venting branch pipe is thin, a first annular plate concentric with the explosion venting branch pipe can be integrally formed on the outside of the other end of the explosion venting branch pipe, and the first annular plate and the other end of the explosion venting branch pipe have a chamfer therebetween. When the wall thickness of the explosion venting branch pipe is thick, a chamfer can be directly machined on the other end of the explosion venting branch pipe, and the first annular plate does not need to be added. In this scheme, the branch pipe of the first explosion venting manifold needs to be inserted into the explosion venting branch pipe to realize the connection of the two.

[0017] Or, the explosion venting branch pipe comprises a first hollow piece and a second hollow piece, wherein the first hollow piece is a straight pipe section, and the second hollow piece is a tapered pipe section, the large end of the tapered pipe section is connected with the straight pipe section, and the tapered pipe section close to the small end is used for being connected with the first explosion venting manifold.

[0018] Further, the functional structure is n annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal side wall, and the n annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular groove is relatively convenient to process relative to other functional structures, so that the polar terminal has a lower cost.

[0019] Further, the functional structure can also be a through hole opened on the polar terminal, the through hole penetrates the polar terminal along the x direction. A plurality of heat dissipation teeth can be arranged on the inner wall of the through hole; the plurality of heat dissipation teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole, and each heat dissipation tooth extends along the axial direction of the through hole. By arranging the heat dissipation teeth in the through hole, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal can be further increased, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, the plurality of heat dissipation teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole, so that the temperature uniformity of each part of the polar terminal is good, and each heat dissipation tooth extends along the axial direction of the through hole, without affecting the flowability of the heat transfer medium in the through hole.

[0020] The utility model discloses a single battery, including cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly and electrode subassembly, cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly enclose and form single battery outer shell, and electrode subassembly is located in the shell, and the upper cover subassembly adopts the upper cover subassembly.

[0021] The utility model discloses a single battery, including cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly and electrode subassembly, cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly enclose and form single battery outer shell, and electrode subassembly is located in the shell, and the upper cover subassembly adopts the upper cover subassembly.

[0022] The utility model discloses a single battery, including cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly and electrode subassembly, cylinder, upper cover subassembly, lower cover subassembly enclose and form single battery outer shell, and electrode subassembly is located in the shell, and the upper cover subassembly adopts the upper cover subassembly.

[0023] Meanwhile, when the sizes of the single batteries in the height direction are different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of the single batteries are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of the single batteries cannot be kept on the same plane, and the utility model discloses that the single battery explosion venting part and the first explosion venting manifold inner cavity are communicated through the explosion venting branch pipe, the explosion venting branch pipe can compensate the height difference between the upper cover plates in the height direction, so the flatness requirement of the upper cover plates, i.e., the single battery explosion venting parts, is low, and when the upper cover plates of the single batteries have a certain height difference, the single battery explosion venting parts and the first explosion venting manifold inner cavity can also be ensured to be sealed and communicated through the explosion venting branch pipe.

[0024] In addition, the utility model discloses that the functional structure is equipped with on polarity terminal, and this functional structure is used for increasing the heat exchange area of polarity terminal, and the part of polarity terminal that is equipped with functional structure is located in heat exchange device and directly contacts with heat exchange medium, and compared with the polarity terminal that is not equipped with functional structure, has larger heat exchange area, and then can obtain better heat exchange effect.

[0025] The utility model discloses that the single battery upper cover assembly is optimized from the above two aspects, and the safety performance of the battery module based on the single battery can be further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of one kind of upper cover assembly in example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the sectional view of upper cover assembly in example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of another kind of upper cover assembly in example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of upper cover assembly in example 2;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of upper cover assembly in example 3;

[0031] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of one kind of upper cover assembly in example 4;

[0032] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic diagram of another kind of upper cover assembly in example 4;

[0033] Figure 8 It is the structure schematic diagram of one kind of single battery in example 5;

[0034] Figure 9 It is the structure schematic diagram of another kind of single battery in example 5;

[0035] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0036] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0037] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0038] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0039] Figure 14 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0040] Figure 15 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6;

[0041] Figure 16 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6; Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 17 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 6; Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 18 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 7;

[0044] Figure 19 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 8;

[0045] Figure 20 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 8;

[0046] Figure 21 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 8;

[0047] Figure 22 Structure diagram of the battery module in Example 8;

[0048] In the drawings:

[0049] 1, upper cover plate; 2, polarity terminal; 3, explosion venting part; 4, explosion venting branch pipe; 5, insulating rubber sleeve; 6, hollow connecting pipe; 7, annular groove; 8, through hole; 9, heat dissipation tooth; 10, second annular plate; 11, first annular plate; 12, cylinder; 21, shell; 22, battery unit; 23, heat exchange device; 24, first explosion venting manifold; 25, single battery; 26, heat exchange sleeve; 27, electrical connection part; 311, hollow member; 312, annular sealing plate; 313, first through hole; 314, liquid inlet pipe; 315, liquid outlet pipe; 316, connecting pipe section; 41, electrical connection part; 51, second through hole; 52, partition plate; 53, insulating plate; 54, insulating sealing rubber layer; 55, half pipe; 56, top cover plate; 61, heat exchange pipe fitting; 62, through hole; 621, bottom port; 622, top port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more apparent, obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0051] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the utility model, but the utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the utility model, therefore the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "top, bottom" in the description is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first, second, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In order to solve the safety hidden trouble problem of battery module due to heat production and thermal runaway, the utility model proposes a battery module with the following structure:

[0054] Such a battery module at least comprises a heat exchange device, a first explosion venting manifold and a plurality of single batteries arranged in the same direction;

[0055] The heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the battery module. The heat exchange herein can be understood as heat dissipation of the battery module or heating of the battery module; when the temperature of the battery module is higher than a set threshold, the battery module is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set threshold, the battery module is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, the battery module can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0056] In order to optimize the heat exchange effect of the battery module, the heat exchange device is arranged at the top of each single battery; the heat exchange device is mainly used for heat exchange of the polar terminal of the single battery with relatively concentrated heat, and at the same time, a direct heat exchange mode is adopted, in the z direction, each polar terminal penetrates through the heat exchange device, part of the structure of the polar terminal is directly arranged in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, the polar terminal directly contacts with the heat exchange medium, heat exchange of the polar terminal is realized, compared with an indirect heat exchange mode, the heat exchange path is short, the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polar terminal, the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery is improved. The electrical connection part of the polar terminal needs to extend out of the heat exchange device and be connected with an electrical connection piece; the electrical connection piece is a device for realizing electrical connection of each single battery; the electrical connection can be series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection.

[0057] The first explosion relief header pipe extends along the arrangement direction of the single batteries, covers the single battery explosion relief parts, and the inner cavity of the first explosion relief header pipe is in communication with the single battery explosion relief parts; at least one end of the first explosion relief header pipe serves as a thermal runaway flue gas discharge port. The single battery explosion relief part can also be referred to as a single battery explosion relief port, an explosion-proof part, a pressure relief port, an explosion-proof port and the like, and is mainly used for discharge of thermal runaway flue gas of the single battery.

[0058] When any single battery constituting the battery module is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion relief part and is discharged from the first explosion relief header pipe, so that a safety accident caused by diffusion of the thermal runaway flue gas is avoided.

[0059] In order to further improve the safety performance of the above-mentioned battery module, the utility model mainly improves the existing single battery from two aspects:

[0060] In a first aspect, an explosion relief branch pipe is arranged on the single battery upper cover plate and corresponds to the position of the explosion relief part; one end of the explosion relief branch pipe is connected with the upper cover plate region around the explosion relief part, and the other end is used for being connected with the first explosion relief header pipe in the battery module and is in communication with the inner cavity of the first explosion relief header pipe;

[0061] Compared with the single battery without the explosion relief branch pipe, the single battery is convenient for being connected with the first explosion relief header pipe, and at the same time, the sealing property of the connection part can be ensured, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is prevented from leaking from the connection part of the single battery and the first explosion relief header pipe.

[0062] Meanwhile, when the sizes of the single batteries in the height direction are different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of the single batteries are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of the single batteries cannot be kept on the same plane, and the utility model discloses that the single battery explosion venting part and the first explosion venting manifold inner cavity are communicated through the explosion venting branch pipe, the explosion venting branch pipe can compensate the height difference between the upper cover plates in the height direction, so the flatness requirement of the upper cover plates, i.e., the single battery explosion venting parts, is low, and when the upper cover plates of the single batteries have a certain height difference, the single battery explosion venting parts and the first explosion venting manifold inner cavity can also be ensured to be sealed and communicated through the explosion venting branch pipe.

[0063] In the second aspect, a functional structure is arranged on the single battery polarity terminal, and the functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal; the part of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the heat exchange device and directly contacts the heat exchange medium; compared with the polarity terminal without the functional structure, the polarity terminal has a larger heat exchange area, and thus better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0064] It should be noted that:

[0065] 1. The explosion venting branch pipe is generally a thin-walled tubular structure, which can be integrally formed with the upper cover plate in an integrated machining mode, or can be fixed on the upper cover plate in a riveting, welding or injection molding mode.

[0066] 2. In the utility model, the structure that can increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal is collectively referred to as a functional structure; such a functional structure can include an annular groove, a through hole, a dot-shaped pit, a protrusion and the like on the side wall of the polarity terminal.

[0067] 3. The above-mentioned polarity terminal can be a single battery pole, and if the height of the single battery pole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can be connected to the single battery pole, and the whole structure of the single battery pole and the pole adapter is taken as the single battery polarity terminal.

[0068] The upper cover assembly, the single battery with the upper cover assembly and the battery module are specifically described below in combination with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] This embodiment is an upper cover assembly, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the upper cover assembly of this embodiment, comprising an upper cover plate 1, provided with two polarity terminals 2, serving as the positive and negative terminals 2 of the battery cells 25, respectively. An explosion venting portion 3 is provided on the upper cover plate 1 between the positive and negative terminals 2, and an explosion venting branch pipe 4 is fixed to the upper cover plate 1 surrounding the explosion venting portion 3. In this embodiment, the explosion venting branch pipe 4 is a straight pipe section, integrally formed with the upper cover plate 1 using a stamping process. The material can be the same aluminum as the upper cover plate 1.

[0071] It should be noted that the positive and negative terminals 2 are insulated from the upper cover 1 , and the insulation can be maintained by pouring insulating glue or providing an insulating rubber sleeve 5 .

[0072] Since the explosion venting branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are integrated into one piece, after forming the single battery 25, the explosion venting branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are both charged. In order to improve the safety performance, Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a hollow connecting tube 6 made of insulating material can be used to connect the explosion venting branch pipe 4 and the first explosion venting manifold 24. One end of the hollow connecting tube 6 can be sleeved inside the explosion venting branch pipe 4, and the other end can extend out of the explosion venting branch pipe 4 for connection with the first explosion venting manifold 24; or one end of the hollow connecting tube 6 can be sleeved outside the explosion venting branch pipe 4, and the other end can extend out of the explosion venting branch pipe 4 for connection with the first explosion venting manifold 24. The hollow connecting tube 6 can be made of a plastic material with high temperature resistance (thermal runaway temperature), such as PP or PE material, that is, a PP or PE tube can be used as the hollow connecting tube 6.

[0073] In some other embodiments, insulation between the explosion venting branch pipe 4 and the first explosion venting manifold 24 can be achieved by applying an insulating coating on the inner and outer surfaces of the explosion venting branch pipe 4. However, compared with this embodiment, the process is more complicated and the cost is higher.

[0074] from Figures 1 to 3 As can be seen, the polarity terminal 2 of this embodiment is cylindrical, with two annular grooves 7 defined in the sidewall of the polarity terminal 2. The two annular grooves 7 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 2, and each annular groove 7 extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal 2. The two annular grooves 7 increase the heat exchange area of ​​this portion of the polarity terminal 2. When this portion is placed within the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 23, it has a larger heat exchange area than a polarity terminal 2 with smooth sidewalls, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0075] In some other embodiments, the number of the annular grooves 7 and the dimensions such as the groove width and groove depth can be adjusted as required, specifically on the premise that the conductive performance of the polarity terminal 2 is not affected.

[0076] In some other embodiments, other functional structures can also be processed on the polar terminal 2 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 2, and the functional structures can be, but are not limited to, point-shaped pits, protrusions and the like located on the side wall of the polar terminal 2; compared with the above functional structures, the annular groove 7 structure is convenient to process and has a low processing cost.

[0077] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 2 is not limited, for example, unlike the embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross section can also be used as the polar terminal 2.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] The embodiment is also an upper cover assembly, and unlike the embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 4 , the embodiment opens a through hole 8 penetrating through the polar terminal 2 on the polar terminal 2 as a functional structure to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 2 and the heat exchange medium.

[0080] As can be seen from Figure 4 , the embodiment takes a through hole 8 as an example, and the cross-sectional area of the through hole 8 can be increased as much as possible on the premise of ensuring that the conductive performance of the polar terminal 2 is not affected, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. In some other embodiments, two or more through holes 8 can also be opened, and the conductive performance of the polar terminal 2 is not affected.

[0081] In the embodiment, the central axis of the through hole 8 is parallel to the plane where the upper cover plate 1 is located, and in some other embodiments, the extension line of the central axis of the through hole 8 can have a certain included angle with the upper cover plate 1, and the included angle is not equal to 90°.

[0082] In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, the embodiment can also be provided with four heat dissipation teeth 9 in the through hole 8, the four heat dissipation teeth 9 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole 8, and each heat dissipation tooth 9 extends along the axial direction of the through hole 8; based on the four heat dissipation teeth 9, the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 2 can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area is increased, and thus the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

[0083] In some other embodiments, according to the size of the channel, the number of heat dissipation teeth 9 and the arrangement mode thereof can be adjusted on the premise that the flow of the heat exchange medium is not affected.

[0084] Embodiment 3

[0085] The embodiment is also an upper cover assembly, and unlike the above embodiments, the explosion vent branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are separate parts; generally, the explosion vent branch pipe 4 can be fixed on the upper cover plate 1 in a welding, riveting or injection molding manner.

[0086] If welding is used, usually, the material of the explosion venting branch pipe 4 is the same as that of the upper cover plate 1. After welding is completed, the insulation problem between the explosion venting branch pipe 4, the upper cover plate 1 and the first explosion venting manifold 24 needs to be considered. The method in Example 1 can be used to insulate the explosion venting branch pipe 4 from the first explosion venting manifold 24. In order to improve the convenience and firmness of welding, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, a second annular plate 10 concentric with the explosion venting branch pipe 4 can be provided on the outside of one end where the explosion venting branch pipe 4 is connected to the upper cover plate 1, and the explosion venting branch pipe 4 is welded to the upper cover plate 1 through the second annular plate 10, wherein the second annular plate 10 and the explosion venting branch pipe 4 can be an integral part or a separate part.

[0087] Riveting is less convenient for assembly than welding. At the same time, after assembly, the insulation between the explosion-relief branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 and the first explosion-relief manifold 24 also needs to be considered.

[0088] By adopting the injection molding method, the material of the explosion-proof branch pipe 4 can be directly selected from high-temperature resistant (high temperature here refers to thermal runaway temperature) insulating materials, such as PP or PE. The explosion-proof branch pipe 4 is directly insulated from the upper cover plate 1 without the need for additional insulating parts. The structure is simple, the processing is convenient, and the cost is low. Therefore, this embodiment adopts the injection molding method to fix the explosion-proof branch pipe 4 on the upper cover plate 1.

[0089] In some other embodiments, the explosion relief branch pipe 4 made of materials such as PP or PE can also be fixed to the upper cover plate 1 by hot melting, but the processing technology is more complicated than that of this embodiment. However, compared with welding or riveting, no additional insulating parts are required, and the structure is simpler.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] In order to facilitate the connection between the explosion-venting branch pipe 4 and the first explosion-venting converging pipe 24 , this embodiment optimizes the structure of the explosion-venting branch pipe 4 in the above embodiment. Figure 6 Take the optimization based on the upper cover assembly of Example 2 as an example. Figure 7 Take the optimization based on the upper cover assembly of Example 1 as an example.

[0092] like Figure 6As shown, the embodiment folds outward the end of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 connected with the first explosion vent manifold 24, and forms a chamfer at the folded part; it can also be understood that a concentric first annular plate 11 is arranged outside the end of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 connected with the first explosion vent manifold 24, and the first annular plate 11 has a chamfer between the explosion vent branch pipe 4; of course, when the wall thickness of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 is relatively thick, a chamfer can be directly processed at the end thereof; when the first explosion vent manifold 24 has branch pipes, after the end of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 connected with the first explosion vent manifold 24 is additionally provided with a chamfer, it is convenient for each branch pipe to be inserted into the explosion vent branch pipe 4, so as to realize the connection of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 with the first explosion vent manifold 24. In order to improve the sealing performance, a sealing ring or sealing glue can be additionally arranged at the connection position.

[0093] As shown in Figure 7 , the embodiment can also design the explosion vent branch pipe 4 as a variable-diameter pipe section, one section of which is a straight pipe section, and the other section is a tapered pipe section, the large end of the tapered pipe section is connected with the straight pipe section, and the small end of the tapered pipe section is used to be connected with the first explosion vent manifold 24. When the first explosion vent manifold 24 has branch pipes, the tapered pipe section is inserted into the corresponding branch pipe, so as to realize the connection of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 with the first explosion vent manifold 24. When the first explosion vent manifold 24 does not have branch pipes, the tapered pipe section can also be inserted into the corresponding second through hole 51 of the first explosion vent manifold 24, so as to realize the connection of the explosion vent branch pipe 4 with the first explosion vent manifold 24.

[0094] The explosion vent branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 of the embodiment can be an integral piece, after the single battery 25 is formed, the explosion vent branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are both electrified, in order to improve the safety performance, the first explosion vent manifold 24 and the explosion vent branch pipe 4 can be connected by using an insulating material.

[0095] The explosion vent branch pipe 4 and the upper cover plate 1 of the embodiment can also be separate pieces, which can be processed by using the method in Embodiment 3.

[0096] Embodiment 5

[0097] The embodiment is a single battery 25, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 , which is a structural schematic view of the single battery 25 of the embodiment, comprising a barrel 12, an upper cover assembly, a lower cover assembly and an electrode assembly; the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly in the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein Figure 8 , taking the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1 as an example, Figure 9 , taking the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2 as an example.

[0098] Embodiment 6

[0099] The embodiment is a battery module, the structure of which is shown in Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the battery module includes a shell 21 and one battery unit 22 located in the shell 21; in other embodiments, the number of battery units 22 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0100] The rectangular shell 21 is adopted, for the convenience of description, the length direction of the shell 21 is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the shell 21 is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the shell 21 is defined as the z direction.

[0101] Each battery unit 22 includes a heat exchange device 23, a first explosion venting manifold 24, and 12 single batteries 25 in Embodiment 5, and the 12 single batteries 25 are arranged along the x direction; in other embodiments, the number of single batteries 25 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0102] Figures 10 to 12 In this embodiment, the single battery 25 in Embodiment 1 is taken as an example.

[0103] The structure of the shell 21 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0104] The first structure includes a cylinder with both ends being open ends (i.e., the ports parallel to the yz plane are open ends) and end plates fixed at the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0105] The second structure includes a cylinder with the top and bottom being open ends (i.e., the ports parallel to the xy plane are open ends) and a top plate and a bottom plate fixed at the top and bottom open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to the xy plane, and the top plate or the bottom plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder).

[0106] The shell 21 in this embodiment mainly has the following two aspects:

[0107] Firstly, the safety performance of the entire battery module is improved;

[0108] 1. When the single battery 25 located in the inner cavity of the shell 21 bursts due to thermal runaway, the splashes will not pose a threat to the personal safety of the surrounding personnel of the battery module under the blockage of the shell 21;

[0109] 2. The shell 21 also has a certain protective effect on each single battery 25, which can avoid the occurrence of problems such as direct exposure and damage of each single battery 25.

[0110] Secondly, the storage and transportation of the entire battery module are facilitated;

[0111] Placing multiple single batteries 25 in the shell 21 with a relatively regular structure makes the battery module convenient to store and transport.

[0112] In order to improve the protective performance of the shell 21, the shell 21 is made of metal material in the embodiment, which can be aluminum material or iron material, and the iron material is preferred considering the cost.

[0113] In combination Figure 11 And Figure 12 As can be seen, the heat exchange device 23 in the embodiment includes 24 heat exchange sleeves 26, and the 24 heat exchange sleeves 26 are sleeved on the periphery of the 24 polar terminals 2 one by one.

[0114] The structure of the heat exchange sleeve 26 is shown in Figure 13 , which includes a hollow member 311 and an annular sealing plate 312; two first through holes 313 are formed in the sidewall of the hollow member 311 and pass through the inner cavity of the hollow member 311, which are respectively used as liquid inlet and liquid outlet; the annular sealing plate 312 is coaxial with the hollow member 311 and is sealingly fixed at the top end of the hollow member 311.

[0115] In combination Figure 12 , it can be seen that the heat exchange sleeve 26 is sleeved on the periphery of the polar terminal 2, and an annular cavity is formed between the heat exchange sleeve 26 and the sidewall of the polar terminal 2, which is used as a heat exchange medium flow cavity; the part of the polar terminal 2 where the annular groove 7 is arranged is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity; the bottom end of the hollow member 311 is sealingly fixed with the insulating sleeve 5 sleeved on the polar terminal 2 of the monomer battery 25; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 is sealingly fixed with the sidewall of the polar terminal 2, and part of the structure of the polar terminal 2 extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate 312, which is used as an electrical connection part 27 of the polar terminal 2.

[0116] The cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is not specifically limited in the utility model, and generally, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 2, for example, when the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 2 is circular, the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is annular; when the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 2 is square, the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is square ring.

[0117] The hollow member 311 and the annular sealing plate 312 are integrated in the embodiment, and in some other embodiments, the hollow member 311 and the annular sealing plate 312 can be separate parts, but the processing is more complex compared with the embodiment.

[0118] In this embodiment, the heat exchange sleeve 26 is made of rubber material. The heat exchange sleeve 26 made of rubber material has a certain elastic deformation. The bottom end of the hollow member 311 is tightly fitted with the insulating rubber sleeve 5 to realize the sealing and fixing therebetween. In order to improve the sealing reliability, the insulating sealing glue can also be used for bonding. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 are tightly fitted to realize the sealing therebetween. In other embodiments, a ring-shaped sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 to further improve the sealing therebetween.

[0119] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange sleeve 26 is made of metal material, the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow member 311 and the insulating rubber sleeve 5 can also be bonded by using the insulating sealing glue to realize the sealing and fixing therebetween. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 are welded to realize the sealing therebetween.

[0120] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange sleeve 26 is made of metal material, the bottom end of the hollow member 311 can also be welded with the upper cover plate 1 of the single battery 25 to realize the sealing and fixing therebetween, so as to ensure the sealing between the hollow member 311 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 are sealed by using the insulating sealing glue.

[0121] As shown in Figure 11 In this embodiment, the heat exchange sleeves 26 located on the same side of the single batteries 25 are communicated to form two heat exchange channels at the top of the 12 single batteries 25. The two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series, and heat exchange is realized based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0122] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 The heat exchange sleeve 26 further includes an inlet pipe 314 and an outlet pipe 315. The inlet pipe 314 and the outlet pipe 315 are both fixed on the side wall of the hollow member 311 and respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet.

[0123] The hollow member 311, the annular sealing plate 312, the inlet pipe 314 and the outlet pipe 315 are integrated and all made of insulating material, preferably insulating material with certain elastic deformation.

[0124] It should be noted that the inlet pipe 314 of one of the adjacent heat exchange sleeves 26 and the outlet pipe 315 of the other heat exchange sleeve 26 can be inserted into each other to realize the communication between the two adjacent heat exchange sleeves 26. The connecting pipe section 316 (such as heat shrink tube, see Figure 16), the liquid inlet pipe 314 of one of the heat exchange sleeves 26 and the liquid outlet pipe 315 of the other heat exchange sleeve 26 are communicated, realizing the communication of the two adjacent heat exchange sleeves 26.

[0125] The present embodiment can adopt the following two installation modes to realize the fixation of the heat exchange device 23 and each single battery 25.

[0126] Installation mode one:

[0127] As shown in Figure 16 , each heat exchange sleeve 26 is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal 2 one by one, and in the sleeving process, the adjacent heat exchange sleeves 26 are communicated, and the sealing between the top open end and the bottom open end of the heat exchange sleeve 26 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 is completed; finally, two heat exchange channels are formed.

[0128] Installation mode two:

[0129] As shown in Figure 17 , first, each heat exchange sleeve 26 is communicated to form two heat exchange channels, and then each heat exchange channel is installed as a whole on the top of the 12 single batteries 25, and in the installation process, each heat exchange sleeve 26 of each heat exchange channel is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal 2, and the sealing between the top open end and the bottom open end of the heat exchange sleeve 26 and the side wall of the polar terminal 2 is completed; finally, two heat exchange channels are formed.

[0130] As can be seen from Figure 11 , the battery unit 22 further comprises an electrical connection piece 41 connected with the electrical connection part 27 of each polar terminal 2 to realize the electrical connection of each single battery 25; in the present embodiment, each single battery 25 is connected in series with each other, and the electrical connection piece 41 comprises 13 sub-electrical connection pieces, both ends of each sub-electrical connection piece are connected to the electrical connection part 27 of the polar terminal 2 of different polarity of adjacent single batteries 25, and the free ends of the two outermost sub-electrical connection pieces extend out of the shell 21 as two electrical connection terminals of different polarity of the battery module.

[0131] In other embodiments, each single battery 25 can also be electrically connected in parallel or in series-parallel.

[0132] As can be seen from Figure 12 , the present embodiment opens 12 second through holes 51 arranged in the x direction on the wall of the first explosion vent pipe 24; each second through hole 51 corresponds to an explosion vent branch pipe 4 on the cover plate 1 of each single battery 25; the explosion vent branch pipe 4 of each single battery 25 is sealingly inserted into the corresponding second through hole 51. In combination with Figure 10 and Figure 11It can be seen that one end of the first explosion relief header pipe 24 is closed, and the other end extends out of the shell 21 as a thermal runaway flue gas discharge port. In some other embodiments, both ends of the first explosion relief header pipe 24 can extend out of the shell 21 as thermal runaway flue gas discharge ports.

[0133] The first explosion relief header pipe 24 can be fixed on the upper cover plate 1 of each single battery 25 by bonding. At the same time, before installing the first explosion relief header pipe 24, positioning marks can be pre-set on the upper cover plate 1 and the first explosion relief header pipe 24 according to the designed size, so that each explosion relief branch pipe 4 can be accurately inserted into the corresponding second through hole 51.

[0134] In some other embodiments, 12 branch pipes can also be connected to the first explosion relief header pipe 24, and the 12 branch pipes are respectively in one-to-one communication with the 12 second through holes 51. Each branch pipe is inserted into the corresponding explosion relief branch pipe 4. When the explosion relief branch pipe 4 shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 is used, it is more convenient for the insertion of the two. The specific insertion mode has been described in Embodiment 4, which will not be described here.

[0135] As shown in Figure 11 , the present embodiment can also be provided with a partition plate 52 between the adjacent two single batteries 25, and the partition plate 52 is made of insulating material. Each single battery 25 close to the middle part has its two side walls (large surface of the single battery 25) in contact with the partition plate 52, and the two single batteries 25 close to the outermost side have one side wall in contact with the partition plate 52 and the other side wall in contact with the side wall of the shell 21.

[0136] In the present embodiment, the partition plate 52 has at least the following advantages:

[0137] The first aspect can realize the insulation between the two single batteries 25, and improve the safety performance of the battery module;

[0138] The second aspect improves the installation stability of each single battery 25 in the shell;

[0139] The third aspect, the partition plate 52 has a certain elasticity, when the single battery 25 expands and deforms, the partition plate 52 is extruded by the single battery 25 to produce elastic deformation, after the elastic deformation of the partition plate 52, the expansion space can be provided for the expansion of the single battery 25, so that the expansion deformation of the single battery 25 will not extrude the shell 21, avoiding the deformation and leakage of the shell 21 caused by the extrusion, and further improving the performance and safety of the battery module;

[0140] The fourth aspect, the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of each single battery 25 can be transmitted to the outside through the partition plate 52, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0141] AsFigure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, insulating plates 53 are provided between the battery cells 22 and the outer shell 21 to provide insulation between the outer shell 21 and the battery cells 22. In this embodiment, five insulating plates 53 are provided, one each between the four side walls of the battery cells 22 and the four side walls of the outer shell 21, and between the bottom of the battery cells 22 and the bottom plate of the outer shell 21. In other embodiments, insulating plates 53 may also be provided between the top of the battery cells 22 and the outer shell 21.

[0142] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 54 can also be laid between each single cell 25 and the outer shell 21. The insulating sealant layer 54 is mainly laid in the space between the top of each single cell 25 and the outer shell 21. The heat exchange device 23 inside the outer shell 21 is partially located in the insulating sealant layer 54. At the same time, the electrical connectors 41 in the outer shell 21 can also be located in the insulating sealant layer 54 (when it is necessary to collect signals from the electrical connectors 41, the electrical connectors 41 need to be exposed to the insulating sealant layer 54). The first explosion relief manifold 24 in the outer shell 21 is also partially located in the insulating sealant layer 54. When there is a gap between each single cell 25, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the insulating sealant layer 54. When there is a gap between the four side walls and the bottom of each single cell 25 and the outer shell 21, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the insulating sealant layer 54.

[0143] In this embodiment, the insulating sealant layer 54 has at least the following advantages:

[0144] 1. Further improve the sealing performance of various parts of the heat exchange device 23;

[0145] Specifically, the insulating sealant liquid constituting the insulating sealant layer 54 penetrates into the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 26 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 2, further sealing the gap in the radial direction (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the heat exchange medium flow cavity through the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 26 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 2);

[0146] 2. Anti-condensation;

[0147] During long-term use, condensation may form on the surface of the heat exchanger 23 due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit. By laying the insulating sealant layer 54 to completely wrap the heat exchanger 23, when condensation forms on the surface of the heat exchanger 23, the insulating sealant layer 54 protects the heat exchanger 23 from short circuits.

[0148] 3. Achieve insulation between the heat exchange device 23 and the upper cover plate 1 of the single battery 25;

[0149] When the heat exchange device 23 is made of non-insulating material, the insulation of such heat exchange device 23 can be realized when the insulating sealant layer 54 completely wraps the outside of the heat exchange device 23, further improving the insulation performance of the heat exchange device 23 and the upper cover plate 1 of the single battery 25.

[0150] Four, further improve the insulation performance between each single battery 25 and the shell 21;

[0151] The insulating sealant liquid seeps into the gaps between the battery unit 22 and the insulating plate 53, the insulating plate 53 and the shell 21, which can further improve the insulation performance between each single battery 25 and the shell 21;

[0152] Five, further improve the insulation performance between each single battery 25;

[0153] The insulating sealant liquid seeps into the gap between each battery unit 22, which can further improve the insulation performance between each single battery 25;

[0154] Six, improve the bonding strength and sealing performance between the first explosion relief header pipe 24 and the upper cover plate 1 of each single battery 25;

[0155] The insulating sealant layer 54 covers the first explosion relief header pipe 24, which can further press the first explosion relief header pipe 24 on the upper cover plate 1 of each single battery 25, and the insulating sealant liquid can seep into the gap between the first explosion relief header pipe 24 and the upper cover plate 1, further sealing the gap (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the inner cavity of the first explosion relief header pipe 24 through the gap).

[0156] Example 7

[0157] Unlike the above-mentioned example 6, this example adopts a split type first explosion relief header pipe 24, based on such first explosion relief header pipe 24, the connection between the first explosion relief header pipe 24 and each explosion relief branch pipe 4 can be realized in different ways.

[0158] As shown in Figure 18 The first explosion relief header pipe 24 of this example is a split part, including a half pipe 55 with a U-shaped cross section and a top cover plate 56 for sealing the open end of the top of the half pipe 55; 13 second through holes 51 are formed on the bottom plate of the half pipe 55.

[0159] Based on the split design, the first explosion relief header pipe 24 and the explosion relief branch pipe 4 can be sealed and connected by welding in this example, which can be realized by the following process:

[0160] Position the half pipe 55 on the upper cover plate 1 of each single battery 25, so that each explosion relief branch pipe 4 corresponds to each second through hole 51, and ensures that each explosion relief branch pipe 4 is inserted into the second through hole 51;

[0161] Insert the welding head from the open end of the top of the half pipe 55 into the edge of the second through hole 51, and weld the edge of each second through hole 51 to the outer wall of the corresponding explosion relief branch pipe 4 to achieve sealing;

[0162] The top cover plate 56 is seal-welded to the top open end of the half pipe 55 .

[0163] In this embodiment, during welding, the welding head is inserted from the open end without any obstruction, and the welding of the edge of the second through hole 51 and the explosion relief branch pipe 4 of each single battery 25 can be completed at one time. The process is simple and the sealing effect is good.

[0164] Example 8

[0165] Different from the sixth and seventh embodiments, this embodiment adopts a heat exchange device 23 with a different structure.

[0166] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown ( Figure 19 and Figure 20 This is a partial structure of the battery unit 22 of this embodiment. The first explosion-proof manifold 24 and the electrical connector 41 are not shown in the figure. This embodiment uses two heat exchange pipes 61 as the heat exchange device 23. The two heat exchange pipes 61 are respectively mounted on the polarity terminals 2 on different sides of the battery unit 22 (wherein the heat exchange pipes 61 may or may not be in contact with the upper cover plate 1 of the single battery 25).

[0167] When the heat exchange fitting 61 contacts the polarity terminal 2 and the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25 at the same time, if the polarity terminal 2 is electrically connected to the upper cover plate 1 through the heat exchange fitting 61, a short circuit will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate the heat exchange fitting 61 from the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25, or it is also possible to insulate the heat exchange fitting 61 from the polarity terminal 2. Of course, it is also possible to insulate the heat exchange fitting 61 from both the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25 and the polarity terminal 2. That is, it is sufficient to ensure that the polarity terminal 2 cannot be electrically connected to the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25 through the heat exchange fitting 61.

[0168] The above problems can usually be solved in the following ways:

[0169] 2.1. Using heat exchange pipe 61 made of insulating material can achieve insulation between heat exchange pipe 61 and the upper cover 1 and polarity terminal 2 of the single battery 25;

[0170] 2.2. If the heat exchange fitting 61 is made of non-insulating material, an insulating pad, insulating film, or insulating paint can be added between the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25 and the heat exchange fitting 61 to overcome this problem. An insulating pad, insulating film, or insulating paint can also be added to the inner bottom surface of the heat exchange fitting 61 (the side of the heat exchange fitting 61 inside the heat exchange fitting close to the upper cover plate 1 of the single cell 25) to overcome this problem. The wall of the heat exchange fitting 61 can also be insulated, such as sprayed with insulating paint, wrapped with insulating film, etc., to overcome this problem. An insulating sealing gasket can also be added between the polarity terminal 2 and the heat exchange fitting 61 to overcome this problem. Of course, to be on the safe side, the above methods can be combined to adopt multiple insulation methods to overcome this problem.

[0171] The structure of the heat exchange pipe 61 is as follows: Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that 12 through holes 62 are provided on the heat exchange tube 61 of this embodiment; the 12 through holes 62 are arranged along the x direction and correspond one-to-one to the polarity terminals 2 of each single battery 25. In some other embodiments, the number of through holes 62 can be adjusted according to the number of single batteries 25 in the battery unit 22, and the arrangement of the through holes 62 can be adjusted according to the arrangement of the single batteries 25.

[0172] This embodiment does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the tube body. Since the heat exchange tube 61 in this embodiment is placed on the planar upper cover plate 1 of the single battery 25, and for structural regularity, as can be seen from the figure, the tube body in this embodiment is a rectangular tube. In other embodiments, circular tubes or tubes with other structural forms may also be used.

[0173] The above-mentioned through hole 62 is a through hole 62 that penetrates the top cover plate 56 and the bottom plate of the heat exchange tube 61 and penetrates the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 61. In this embodiment, after the heat exchange tube 61 is fixed on the top of the single battery 25, the extension direction of the through hole 62 is consistent with the height direction of the outer shell 21 (the height direction of the outer shell 21 is the z direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the through hole 62 extends along the z direction.

[0174] In addition, when the heat exchange tube 61 is fixed to the top of the single battery 25, the electrical connection portion 27 of the polarity terminal 2 of each single battery 25 passes through the bottom port 621 of the corresponding through hole 62 and extends from the top port 622. The top port 622 here is the port close to the electrical connection portion 27 of the polarity terminal 2.

[0175] The shape of the two ports of the through hole 62 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 2. In this embodiment, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 62 is circular, and the cross-section of the polarity terminal 2 is also circular. The diameter of the two ports of the through hole 62 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 2. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 62 can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 2, as long as the polarity terminal 2 can be inserted into the through hole 62.

[0176] As can be seen from Figure 19 The battery unit 22 of this embodiment includes two heat exchange pipes 61, which are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 2 on different sides of the battery unit 22 based on the through hole 62, and are connected in series through a connecting pipe. In other embodiments, the two heat exchange pipes 61 can also be connected in parallel.

Claims

1. A top cover assembly comprising a top cover plate, an explosion relief portion disposed on the top cover plate, and two terminals with opposite polarities disposed on the top cover plate; characterized in that: Also includes explosion relief branch pipe; One end of the explosion relief branch pipe is connected to the upper cover area around the explosion relief part; A functional structure is provided on the polarity terminal, which is used to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal; the part of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is used to be placed in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device of the battery module and directly contact the heat exchange medium.

2. The upper cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion-relief branch pipe and the upper cover plate are integrated; the explosion-relief branch pipe and the first explosion-relief collecting pipe are insulated.

3. The upper cover assembly according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a hollow connecting pipe, which is made of insulating material. One end of the hollow connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the explosion-relief branch pipe, and the two are sealed, and the other end is used to connect to the first explosion-relief manifold.

4. The upper cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion-relief branch pipe and the upper cover are separate parts; the explosion-relief branch pipe and the upper cover are insulated.

5. The upper cover assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The explosion relief branch pipe is an injection molded part and is formed on the upper cover plate by injection molding.

6. The upper cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The other end of the explosion relief branch pipe has a chamfer.

7. The upper cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion relief branch pipe includes a first hollow part and a second hollow part, wherein the first hollow part is a straight pipe section, and the second hollow part is a tapered pipe section. The large end of the tapered pipe section is connected to the straight pipe section, and the tapered pipe section close to the small end is used to connect to the first explosion relief manifold.

8. The upper cover assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The functional structure is n annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

9. The upper cover assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional structure is at least one through hole opened on the side wall of the polarity terminal; the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation teeth; the plurality of heat dissipation teeth are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and each heat dissipation tooth extends along the axial direction of the through hole.

10. A single cell battery comprising a barrel, an upper cover assembly, a lower cover assembly, and an electrode assembly; the barrel, the upper cover assembly, and the lower cover assembly together form an outer shell of the single cell battery, and the electrode assembly is located within the outer shell; characterized in that: The upper cover assembly adopts the upper cover assembly described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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