Energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to energy storage equipment. The problem that potential safety hazards exist after thermal runaway flue gas of existing energy storage equipment is exhausted is solved. The energy storage device comprises a fire safety system and at least one battery pack assembly. The high-capacity battery in each battery pack assembly comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in the shell along the same direction; the shell is provided with a shared cavity and an explosion venting pipe assembly communicating with the shared cavity. The inner cavity of the shared cavity is communicated with the inner cavities of all the single batteries; the explosion venting pipe assembly of each high-capacity battery is communicated with an explosion venting collecting pipe, and the outlet end of the explosion venting collecting pipe is communicated with a flue gas collecting pipe of a fire safety system; the thermal runaway flue gas sequentially passes through the explosion venting pipe assembly and the flue gas collecting pipe to enter the flue gas treatment unit of the fire safety system to be treated, and potential safety hazards generated after the thermal runaway flue gas is exhausted are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of battery, specifically relates to a kind of energy storage equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of solar energy, wind energy and other new energy, energy storage technology also develops, since lithium battery has the advantages of high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power bearing, low self-discharge rate, gradually becomes the mainstream product of energy storage.

[0003] With the application of lithium battery energy storage equipment, the safe use of lithium ion battery also attracts attention. Due to the high concentration of large capacity batteries in energy storage equipment, under the influence of factors such as overcharge, overdischarge, overheating and mechanical impact, the battery separator is easy to collapse and internal short circuit, which leads to thermal runaway, and the above thermal runaway flue gas is easy to gather and burn, and even cause explosion, causing safety hazard. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of energy storage equipment, solve the problem of safety hazard after the thermal runaway flue gas of existing energy storage equipment is discharged.

[0005] The technical scheme of the utility model provides a kind of energy storage equipment, including fire safety system and at least one battery pack component;

[0006] The fire safety system includes a primary fire unit, the primary fire unit includes a flue gas busbar and a flue gas treatment unit, the flue gas busbar is used to transport the thermal runaway flue gas generated by each battery pack component to the flue gas treatment unit, and the flue gas treatment unit is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas;

[0007] Each battery pack component includes a blast venting busbar and at least one large capacity battery component;Each large capacity battery component includes a large capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0008] The large capacity battery includes a shell and a plurality of single batteries;The plurality of single batteries are arranged in the shell inner cavity along the x direction, the shell is provided with at least one shared chamber and a blast venting pipe assembly communicated with the at least one shared chamber;The shared chamber inner cavity and all single battery inner cavities are through;The shell top plate is provided with a relief hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery;The polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the corresponding relief hole, and the shell top plate region corresponding to the relief hole is fixed and sealed with the single battery shell body;The heat exchange device is arranged at the top of the shell, and the heat exchange device inner cavity serves as an insulation heat transfer medium flow cavity;In the z direction, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the heat exchange device inner cavity and directly contacts the insulation heat transfer medium;Another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device, as an electrical connection part, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed with the heat exchange device;

[0009] The explosion venting manifold is in communication with the explosion venting pipe assembly of each large-capacity battery, and the outlet end of the explosion venting manifold is in communication with the smoke exhaust manifold.

[0010] The utility model discloses energy storage equipment includes multiple large-capacity battery assemblies, and each large-capacity battery assembly includes large-capacity battery and heat exchange device, and each large-capacity battery is by multiple monomer battery and a shell with shared chamber constitute, place multiple monomer battery in the shell, utilize shared chamber and the cavity of each monomer battery in the shell through, reduced the difference between each monomer battery, promoted the consistency between each monomer battery to a certain extent, thereby the cycle life of large-capacity battery is promoted to a certain extent.

[0011] Meanwhile, the heat exchange device is directly arranged at the top of the large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a containing cavity for the heat exchange medium, and the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the structure of the polar terminal is located in the heat exchange device and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part. Compared with the scheme of indirect heat exchange (such as the scheme disclosed in Chinese Patent CN118299714A), first, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium-heat exchange part-polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium-polar terminal", and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polar terminal, so that the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery is improved; second, the heat exchange area is increased from "a certain surface area of a clamping groove" to "the part of the structure of the polar terminal located in the heat exchange device", so that the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery is further improved.

[0012] Meanwhile, the explosion venting pipe assembly in communication with the shared chamber is arranged on the shell of each large-capacity battery, and the smoke exhaust system is further arranged in the energy storage equipment, the explosion venting pipe assemblies of the large-capacity batteries are in communication with the smoke exhaust manifold of the smoke exhaust system, the thermal runaway smoke sequentially passes through the explosion venting pipe assemblies, the smoke exhaust manifold, and enters the smoke exhaust unit of the smoke exhaust system for treatment, so that the safety hidden danger caused by the discharge of the thermal runaway smoke is reduced.

[0013] Further, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchange pipe part; the heat exchange pipe part includes a pipe body, the pipe body is provided with a first channel and at least one row of second channel units; the first channel extends along the x direction and serves as an insulating heat transfer medium flow cavity; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged along the x direction, and each second channel extends along the z direction and penetrates the first channel;

[0014] Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds to the polar terminal located on the same side of the large-capacity battery;

[0015] Each polar terminal is inserted into a corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection portion of the polar terminal protrudes out of the second channel;

[0016] The first port and the second port of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polar terminal side wall.

[0017] Further, the polar terminal is provided with a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the part of the polar terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the first channel. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, the polar terminal has a larger heat exchange area, thereby achieving better heat exchange effect.

[0018] Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the polar terminal side wall, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal. Compared with other functional structures, the annular groove is relatively easy to process, so that the polar terminal has a lower cost.

[0019] Further, a first insulating sealant layer is provided between each monomer battery polar terminal and the corresponding avoiding hole; the area of the top plate of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixed and sealed with the monomer battery shell, and compared with the sealing method using a sealing connector, the structure and the sealing process are relatively simple.

[0020] Further, the large-capacity battery assembly further comprises a second insulating sealant layer; the second insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery, and cooperates with the first sealant layer to wrap the heat exchange device (the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange device need to be located outside the second insulating sealant layer). The first insulating sealant layer and the second insulating sealant layer can be used as a whole, which can not only realize the sealing of the avoiding hole part, but also further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device; in addition, during long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange device, condensation may be generated on the surface, which may cause short circuit when the condensation accumulates to a certain amount; by laying the insulating sealant layer on the top of the large-capacity battery, when the condensation is generated on the surface of the heat exchange device, the insulating sealant layer can prevent the short circuit of the battery; at the same time, the insulating sealant layer wraps the outside of the heat exchange device, which can further improve the insulation between the heat exchange device and the top of the large-capacity battery when the heat exchange pipe is made of non-insulating material.

[0021] Further, the above flue gas treatment unit comprises at least one of a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, a flue gas cooling device and an ignition device; the above liquid treatment device is mainly used for treating electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas; the above flue gas cooling device is mainly used for cooling treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas; the above solid treatment device is mainly used for adsorption treatment of the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas; and the above ignition device is used for ignition treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0022] The flue gas treatment unit of the energy storage equipment processes the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the energy storage equipment in multiple ways to avoid the safety hazards caused by the thermal runaway flue gas after being discharged.

[0023] Further, the flue gas treatment unit comprises a liquid treatment device, the liquid treatment device comprises M liquid treatment tanks, each of which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the first liquid treatment tank to the M-1th liquid treatment tank are filled with liquid treatment medium, and the Mth liquid treatment tank is an empty tank, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0024] In the energy storage equipment, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery contains a certain amount of electrolyte, which is sprayed out of the thermal runaway flue gas when the large-capacity battery is in thermal runaway, and then passes through the liquid treatment device. The liquid treatment device effectively processes the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas. At the same time, the Mth liquid treatment tank of the liquid treatment device is an empty tank. When the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas is too high, the empty tank can collect the liquid treatment medium squeezed out of the liquid treatment tank by the high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas, avoiding the liquid treatment medium being squeezed into the subsequent device and affecting the rear device.

[0025] Further, the flue gas treatment unit further comprises an ignition device; the ignition device is connected at the flue gas outlet of the Mth liquid treatment tank, and is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas processed by the liquid treatment device.

[0026] In the energy storage equipment, the ignition device controls the ignition processing of the thermal runaway flue gas processed by the liquid treatment device, and the thermal runaway flue gas after ignition processing can be directly discharged without causing hidden dangers such as combustion explosion.

[0027] Further, the liquid treatment medium is an alkali solution, which can not only fully process the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to produce flammable gas, but also process part of the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The gas amount of the thermal runaway flue gas after being treated by the alkali solution is greatly reduced. Among them, the treatment effect of 0.05-0.5 mol / L NaOH solution on the thermal runaway flue gas is more prominent.

[0028] Further, the primary fire-fighting unit further comprises a buffer device, the buffer device comprises at least one buffer tank, the buffer tank is provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the inner cavity of the buffer tank, and the buffer device is arranged between the smoke collecting pipe and the smoke treatment unit and used for buffering the thermal runaway smoke. The buffer tank is added at the front end of the smoke treatment unit. The buffer tank not only buffers the thermal runaway smoke, but also makes the thermal runaway smoke enter the smoke treatment unit at a relatively stable flow rate, so that the thermal runaway smoke is fully treated by the liquid treatment device. Meanwhile, the buffer tank can collect part of the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke, so as to reduce the use amount of the liquid treatment device.

[0029] Further, the primary fire-fighting unit further comprises a safety device, the safety device comprises a safety pipeline and a safety discharge part; the inlet of each safety pipeline communicates with the smoke collecting pipe or the buffer tank, and the outlet of the safety pipeline communicates with the external environment; and the safety discharge part is arranged on the safety pipeline and has an opening pressure less than that of the large-capacity battery explosion vent. The safety device can discharge the thermal runaway smoke through the safety device when the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke in the smoke collecting pipe is too large, so as to avoid the safety hazard caused by the excessive pressure of the smoke collecting pipe and improve the safety during the treatment of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0030] Further, the smoke collecting pipe comprises a primary collecting pipe and a secondary collecting pipe, the primary collecting pipe is connected with the outlet end of the battery pack assembly explosion vent collecting pipe, and the secondary collecting pipe is connected with each primary collecting pipe and used for collecting and conveying the thermal runaway smoke in each primary collecting pipe to the smoke treatment unit.

[0031] Further, the fire safety system further comprises a secondary fire-fighting unit, the secondary fire-fighting unit comprises a fire-fighting device and a fire-fighting pipeline, the fire-fighting device contains fire extinguishing substances, and the fire-fighting pipeline is used for conveying the fire extinguishing substances in the fire-fighting device to the box of the energy storage equipment. When the energy storage equipment has thermal runaway smoke or the large-capacity battery is on fire or explodes, the secondary fire-fighting unit can prevent the thermal runaway smoke from causing a fire or extinguish the fire of the large-capacity battery that has already caught fire. The primary fire-fighting unit and the secondary fire-fighting unit are combined to protect the large-capacity battery of the entire energy storage equipment, so as to further improve the safety of the entire energy storage equipment.

[0032] Further, the fire safety system further comprises a tertiary fire-fighting unit, the tertiary fire-fighting unit comprises a fire-fighting water spraying pipeline and at least one water mist nozzle arranged on the fire-fighting water spraying pipeline, and the inlet of the fire-fighting water spraying pipeline is used for being connected with an external fire-fighting water pipe. The tertiary fire-fighting unit can continue to extinguish the fire of the battery when the battery has multiple thermal runaway fires or after the fire extinguishing substances in the secondary fire-fighting unit are consumed, so as to further improve the safety of the entire energy storage equipment.

[0033] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is:

[0034] The utility model discloses energy storage equipment includes multiple large capacity battery components, and each large capacity battery component includes large capacity battery and heat exchange device, and each large capacity battery is by multiple single battery and a shell with shared chamber constitutes, and multiple single batteries are placed in the shell, utilizes shared chamber and the cavity of each single battery in the shell and penetrates, reduces the difference between each single battery, and the consistency between each single battery is promoted to a certain extent, thereby the cycle life of large capacity battery is promoted to a certain extent.

[0035] Meanwhile, the heat exchange device is directly arranged at the top of the large capacity battery, the inner cavity of the heat exchange device is used as a containing cavity of the heat exchange medium, and the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the heat exchange device and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium. Another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and is used as an electrical connection part. Compared with the scheme of indirect heat exchange (such as the scheme disclosed in Chinese patent CN118299714A), first, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium-heat exchange part-polarity terminal" to "heat exchange medium-polarity terminal", and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the large capacity battery; second, the heat exchange area is increased from "the surface area of the clamping groove" to "the part of the structure of the polarity terminal located in the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the large capacity battery.

[0036] Meanwhile, the explosion vent pipe assembly in communication with the shared chamber is arranged on the shell of each large capacity battery, and the smoke treatment system is further arranged in the energy storage equipment. The explosion vent pipe assemblies of the large capacity batteries are in communication with the smoke collecting pipe of the smoke treatment system, the thermal runaway smoke passes through the explosion vent pipe assemblies and the smoke collecting pipe in sequence and enters the smoke treatment unit of the smoke treatment system for treatment, thereby reducing the safety hazards caused by the discharge of the thermal runaway smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is energy storage equipment structure schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 2 It is battery pack component structure schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 3 It is first heat exchange pipe spare large capacity battery component structure schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 4 It is first heat exchange pipe spare large capacity battery component sectional view;

[0041] Figure 5Structure diagram of a single cell;

[0042] Figure 6 Structure diagram of a first heat exchange pipe;

[0043] Figure 7 Sectional view of the first heat exchange pipe;

[0044] Figure 8 Partial sectional view of a large capacity battery assembly;

[0045] Figure 9 Partial sectional view of another large capacity battery assembly;

[0046] Figure 10 Structure diagram of a large capacity battery assembly with a second heat exchange pipe;

[0047] Figure 11 Sectional view of the large capacity battery assembly with the second heat exchange pipe;

[0048] Figure 12 Structure diagram of a second heat exchange pipe;

[0049] Figure 13 Structure diagram of a large capacity battery assembly;

[0050] Figure 14 Partial exploded structure diagram of a large capacity battery assembly;

[0051] Figure 15 Process diagram of constructing a battery pack assembly based on a large capacity battery assembly;

[0052] Figure 16 Structure diagram of a battery pack assembly constructed based on a large capacity battery assembly;

[0053] Figure 17 Structure diagram of a large capacity battery assembly with a second insulating sealing layer;

[0054] Figure 18 Sectional view of the large capacity battery assembly with the second insulating sealing layer;

[0055] Figure 19 Exploded diagram of an outer shell;

[0056] Figure 20 Structure diagram of a cylinder;

[0057] Figure 21 Structure diagram of a fire safety system;

[0058] Figure 22 Structure diagram of a first fire extinguishing unit;

[0059] Figure 23 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid treatment device according to the present application; Figure 1 Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the area a in Fig. 1;

[0060] Figure 24 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid treatment device according to the present application;

[0061] Figure 25 Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a liquid treatment tank according to the present application;

[0062] Figure 26 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a flue gas treatment unit according to the present application;

[0063] Figure 27 Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a flue gas treatment unit according to the present application;

[0064] Figure 28 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a secondary and tertiary fire extinguishing unit according to the present application;

[0065] In the drawings, the following reference signs are used:

[0066] 1, battery pack assembly; 11, large-capacity battery assembly; 12, large-capacity battery; 120, avoiding hole; 121, shell; 122, single battery; 1221, upper cover plate; 1222, unpacking piece; 1223, lower cover plate; 1224, insulating member; 1225, polarity terminal; 1226, electrical connection part; 123, electrolyte sharing chamber; 124, gas sharing chamber; 125, shell top plate; 126, shell bottom plate; 127, support; 128, sealing ring; 129, first insulating sealing adhesive layer; 13, heat exchange device; 131, heat exchange pipe; 60, first heat exchange pipe; 61, second heat exchange pipe; 611, first channel; 610, second channel; 612, first port; 613, second port; 62, first annular sealing gasket; 63, second annular sealing gasket; 7, connecting pipe; 14, first annular groove; 15, second insulating sealing adhesive layer; 17, cylinder; 171, cylinder side plate; 172, cylinder top plate; 18, end plate; 19, insulating protective cover; 1148, first through hole;

[0067] 2, fire safety system; 020, primary fire unit; 021, secondary fire unit; 022, tertiary fire unit; 211, primary manifold; 2120, secondary manifold; 22, flue gas treatment unit; 230, liquid treatment device; 2301, liquid treatment tank; 2302, connecting pipeline; 2303, flue gas inlet; 2304, flue gas outlet; 2305, liquid treatment medium filling port; 2306, diversion pipe; 2307, diversion part; 2308, spiral baffle; 2210, ignition device; 2220, safety pipeline; 2230, safety discharge part; 231, solid treatment tank; 2321, flue gas pipeline; 2322, smoke exhaust pipe; 2323, igniter; 2324, trigger; 2325, fire damper; 234, buffer tank; 2341, smoke inlet; 2342, smoke outlet; 24, fire extinguishing device; 25, fire extinguishing pipeline; 26, fire extinguishing water spraying pipeline; 27, water mist nozzle;

[0068] 32, explosion vent manifold; 335, explosion vent pipe assembly; 310, first explosion vent member; 320, second explosion vent member; 3110, first hollow pipe; 321, first interface; 322, second interface; 323, third interface; 4, flexible pipe section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0070] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0071] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "top, bottom, etc." in the description is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0072] As Figure 1As shown, the utility model discloses a kind of energy storage equipment, including fire safety system 2 and at least one battery pack assembly 1.

[0073] Fire safety system 2 includes primary fire unit 020, primary fire unit 020 includes smoke gas busbar and smoke gas processing unit, and smoke gas busbar is used to transport the thermal runaway smoke gas generated by each battery pack assembly 1 into smoke gas processing unit, and smoke gas processing unit is used to process thermal runaway smoke gas;

[0074] As Figure 2 Each battery pack assembly 1 includes explosion venting busbar 32 and at least one large-capacity battery assembly 11.

[0075] As Figure 3 And Figure 4 Each large-capacity battery assembly 11 includes large-capacity battery 12 and heat exchange device 13.

[0076] Large-capacity battery 12 includes shell 121 and multiple single batteries 122;Multiple single batteries 122 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the inner cavity of shell 121.

[0077] Generally rectangular shell 121, for the convenience of description, the length direction of shell 121 is defined as x direction, the width direction of shell 121 is defined as y direction, and the height direction of shell 121 is defined as z direction.

[0078] The utility model does not make specific limitation to shell 121 structure, at least can adopt following two structures:

[0079] The first structure includes cylinder (i.e. the port parallel to yz plane is open end) with two open ends and end plate (i.e. end plate is parallel to yz plane) fixed at two open ends of cylinder respectively.

[0080] The second structure includes cylinder (i.e. the port parallel to xy plane is open end) with top and bottom open ends and top plate and bottom plate (i.e. top plate and bottom plate are parallel to xy plane, wherein bottom plate can be integrated structure with cylinder) fixed at top and bottom open ends of cylinder respectively.

[0081] Shared chamber is arranged in the above shell 121.

[0082] It needs to be explained that:

[0083] The shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber 123, the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 123 and the inner cavities of the single batteries 122 are communicated, and the single batteries 122 can be in a unified electrolyte environment through the electrolyte shared chamber 123, so that the uniformity of the electrolyte in the single batteries 122 is ensured, and the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 12 are improved. The electrolyte shared chamber 123 is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the shell 121 between the shell bottom plate 126 and the single batteries 122. The liquid channel can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate 126, or can be formed by arranging a support 127 between the single battery 122 lower cover plate 1223 and the shell bottom plate 126. It should be noted that in the shell 121 of the first structure, the shell bottom plate 126 here is a cylinder bottom plate; in the shell 121 of the second structure, the shell bottom plate 126 here is a bottom plate.

[0084] The shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber 123, the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 123 and the inner cavities of the single batteries 122 are communicated, and the single batteries 122 can be in a unified electrolyte environment through the electrolyte shared chamber 123, so that the uniformity of the electrolyte in the single batteries 122 is ensured, and the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 12 are improved. The electrolyte shared chamber 123 is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the shell 121 between the shell bottom plate 126 and the single batteries 122. The liquid channel can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate 126, or can be formed by arranging a support 127 between the single battery 122 lower cover plate 1223 and the shell bottom plate 126. It should be noted that in the shell 121 of the first structure, the shell bottom plate 126 here is a cylinder bottom plate; in the shell 121 of the second structure, the shell bottom plate 126 here is a bottom plate.

[0085] It should be noted that in the shell 121 of the first structure, the shell top plate 125 here is a cylinder top plate; in the shell 121 of the second structure, the shell top plate 125 here is a top plate.

[0086] It should also be noted that the gas port here includes the following two meanings:

[0087] 1) The gas port is a first through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 and penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery 122;

[0088] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 124 is communicated with the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery 122 through the gas port, and based on the gas shared chamber 124, the gas areas of the single batteries 122 are communicated, the gas balance is achieved, the consistency of the single batteries 122 is ensured through the gas sharing of the single batteries 122, and the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 12 is improved to a certain extent; when thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 122, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single battery 122 enters the gas shared chamber 124 and is discharged through the gas shared chamber 124, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 12.

[0089] 2) The gas port is a venting port or explosion-proof port arranged on the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122, and the venting port or explosion-proof port is provided with a venting membrane;

[0090] At this time, the gas sharing chamber 124 is used as an explosion relief channel. When the explosion relief membrane at the gas port of any single battery 122 is broken by the internal smoke, the internal cavity of the single battery 122 and the gas sharing chamber 124 are connected, and the internal smoke is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 124, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 12.

[0091] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each single battery 122 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 12.

[0092] In order to facilitate the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries 12, avoidance holes 120 are provided on the outer shell top plate 125 (in the outer shell 121 of the first structure, the outer shell top plate 125 is the cylindrical top plate; in the outer shell 121 of the second structure, the outer shell top plate 125 is the top plate) corresponding to the polarity terminals 1225 of each single battery 122; the polarity terminals 1225 of each single battery 122 extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes 120 as the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery 12, and the area of ​​the outer shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance holes 120 is fixedly sealed with the outer shell of the single battery 122, so that the avoidance holes 120 of the outer shell top plate 125 are sealed.

[0093] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 1225 of the single cell battery 122 here can be the pole of the single cell battery 122. If, in order to avoid the single cell battery 122 pole from being unable to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole 120 as a polarity terminal 1225 or the height of the pole extending out of the avoidance hole 120 does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the pole of the single cell battery 122, and the overall structure of the single cell battery 122 pole and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 1225 of the single cell battery 122.

[0094] The heat exchange device 13 is used to exchange heat for the large-capacity battery 12. Heat exchange here can be understood as dissipating heat from the large-capacity battery 12 or heating the large-capacity battery 12. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 12 is higher than a set threshold, a lower-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 13 to cool the large-capacity battery 12. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 12 is lower than the set threshold, a higher-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 13 to heat the large-capacity battery 12. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large-capacity battery 12 can be ensured to always operate at its normal operating temperature.

[0095] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the large capacity battery 12, the utility model mainly carries out heat exchange to the polarity terminal 1225 of the single battery 122 which is relatively concentrated in heat, simultaneously, through optimizing the heat exchange structure, direct heat exchange mode is adopted, so that the polarity terminal 1225 is directly contacted with the heat transfer medium, and the heat exchange of the polarity terminal 1225 is realized, therefore, the heat exchange device 13 is arranged at the top of the large capacity battery 12 shell 121, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 13 is used as the insulation heat transfer medium flow cavity, in the z direction, the polarity terminal 1225 penetrates the heat exchange device 13, and the part of the structure of the polarity terminal 1225 is directly contacted with the insulation heat transfer medium, another part of the structure of the polarity terminal 1225 is located outside the heat exchange device 13 and is used as the electric connection part 1226, and the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225 is sealed with the heat exchange device 13, compared with the effect that the heat transfer medium indirectly exchanges heat with the polarity terminal 1225 through the heat exchange piece, firstly, the heat exchange path is short, and the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium can be improved, secondly, the heat exchange area is large, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and then the heat exchange efficiency of the large capacity battery 12 can be further improved.

[0096] As shown in Figure 3 , the shell of the large capacity battery 12 is also provided with a burst pipe assembly 335 in communication with the shared chamber, in combination with Figure 2 It can be seen that in each battery pack assembly 1, the burst collector pipe 32 is in communication with the burst pipe assembly 335 of each large capacity battery, and the outlet end of the burst collector pipe 32 of each battery pack assembly is in communication with the smoke collector pipe in the whole energy storage equipment.

[0097] The specific structure of the battery pack assembly 1, the large capacity battery assembly 11, the fire safety system 2 and the energy storage equipment will be described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0098] Embodiment 1

[0099] This embodiment is a battery pack assembly, as shown in Figure 2 , including a burst collector pipe 32 and 13 large capacity battery assemblies 11, and in other embodiments, the number of large capacity battery assemblies 11 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0100] The large capacity battery assembly 11, the specific structure can be referred to Figures 3 to 12 .

[0101] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the large capacity battery assembly 11 includes a large capacity battery 12 and a heat exchange device 13.

[0102] The large capacity battery 12 of the embodiment includes a shell 121 and 12 single batteries 122 arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 121 along the x direction.

[0103] As Figure 5 shown, the single battery 122 of the embodiment includes an outer shell and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located in the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly and an upper cover assembly. The lower cover assembly of the embodiment includes a lower cover plate 1223, and an opening bag piece 1222 can also be provided on the lower cover plate 1223. The opening bag piece 1222 can be separated from the lower cover plate 1223 of the single battery 122 under the action of external force or electrolyte, and a through hole passing through the inner cavity of the outer shell is formed in the lower cover plate 1223. Based on the through hole, the inner cavity of each single battery 122 communicates with the electrolyte sharing chamber 123; the opening bag piece 1222 is a existing structure, for example, the opening bag piece disclosed in Chinese patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese patent CN117476997A and the opening bag device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. The upper cover assembly includes an upper cover plate 1221 and two polarity terminals 1225 located on the upper cover plate 1221; an insulating member 1224 can be sleeved on the two polarity terminals 1225, and the insulating member 1224 is insulated from the upper cover plate 1221; wherein the insulating member 1224 can be an annular insulating glue layer formed after insulating glue is poured between the polarity terminal 1225 and the upper cover plate 1221, or an insulating glue sleeve provided between the polarity terminal 1225 and the upper cover plate 1221, etc. The material of the insulating member 1224 can adopt the insulating material between the polarity terminal 1225 and the upper cover plate 1221 in the prior art. In addition, the connection mode of the insulating member 1224 with the polarity terminal 1225 and the upper cover plate 1221 can also adopt the related prior art, which is not limited in the embodiment. The opening bag piece 1222 can also be provided on the upper cover plate 1221, and the opening bag piece 1222 is located between the two polarity terminals 1225. The opening bag piece 1222 can be separated from the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 under the action of external force or electrolyte, and a through hole passing through the inner cavity of the outer shell is formed in the upper cover plate 1221; based on the through hole, the inner cavity of each single battery 122 communicates with the gas sharing chamber 124; the opening bag piece 1222 adopts an existing structure, and the structure of the opening bag piece 1222 on the lower cover plate 1223 can be the same or different.

[0104] In other embodiments, the structure and number of the single battery 122 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0105] As Figure 4 shown, the outer shell top plate 125 is provided with a relief hole 120 through which the polarity terminal 1225 of each single battery 122 extends. The polarity terminal 1225 of each single battery 122 extends out of the corresponding relief hole 120, and the area of the relief hole 120 corresponding to the outer shell top plate 125 is fixedly sealed with the outer shell of the single battery 122.

[0106] The following scheme can be generally used to achieve sealing:

[0107] Scheme one: each monomer battery 122 polarity terminal 1225 extends out of the corresponding avoidance hole 120, and a sealing connector is added between the avoidance hole 120 and the polarity terminal 1225, realizing the fixed sealing of the area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance hole 120 and the shell body of the monomer battery 122.

[0108] The sealing connector includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the monomer battery 122, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the second area of the shell top plate 125; wherein the first area is the area on the periphery of any polarity terminal 1225 on the monomer battery 122 cover plate 1221 of any monomer battery 122; wherein the area on the periphery of the polarity terminal 1225 is the area on the periphery of the insulating member 1224 on the polarity terminal 1225. The second area is located in the area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 120 of the shell top plate 125. The area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance hole 120 is the peripheral area on the outer surface of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 120; or the area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance hole 120 is the hole wall of the avoidance hole 120.

[0109] Scheme two: injecting glue into the annular gap between the avoidance hole 120 and the polarity terminal 1225, realizing the fixed sealing of the area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance hole 120 and the shell body of the monomer battery 122.

[0110] Compared with scheme one, scheme two does not need to use welding process, and the process is simple and easy to operate. Therefore, scheme two is adopted in the embodiment, and at the same time, in order to improve the stability of the glue layer in the annular gap, at least part of the structure of the insulating member 1224 sleeved on each polarity terminal 1225 of the embodiment extends into the avoidance hole 120 on the shell top plate 125 of the large-capacity battery 12, facilitating bonding with the first insulating sealing glue layer 129 located in the avoidance hole 120. Preferably, the upper end surface of the insulating member 1224 is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the shell top plate 125 is located.

[0111] From Figure 4 It can also be seen from the above that the insulating member 1224 sleeved on each polarity terminal 1225 of each monomer battery 122 of the embodiment extends into the corresponding avoidance hole 120, and the first insulating sealing glue layer 129 is formed by injecting the first insulating sealing glue into the annular gap between the insulating member 1224 and the avoidance hole 120, realizing the fixed sealing of the area of the shell top plate 125 corresponding to the avoidance hole 120 and the shell body of the monomer battery 122. Figure 4 In the above, in order to display the avoidance hole 120, the first insulating sealing glue layer 129 is not shown in the annular gap on one side.

[0112] The wall of the avoiding hole 120 can be provided with an annular groove or boss along the circumference thereof, and the first insulating sealing glue layer 129 is arranged in the annular groove or boss to form a stop structure, so as to further improve the stability of the first insulating sealing glue layer 129.

[0113] When the inner surface of the top plate 125 of the shell and the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 are closely attached, the first insulating sealing glue may not flow into the inner cavity of the shell 121, but when there is a large gap between the inner surface of the top plate 125 of the shell and the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122, in the process of injecting the first insulating sealing glue into the annular gap, under the action of gravity, the first insulating sealing glue inevitably flows from the annular gap, the gap between the inner surface of the top plate 125 of the shell and the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 into the inner cavity of the shell 121, and when the first insulating sealing glue contains substances that can react with the electrolyte, it may affect the performance of the battery.

[0114] In order to overcome this problem, the sealing ring 128 is sleeved around the polarity terminal 1225 of each single battery 122 in the embodiment, the bottom surface of the sealing ring 128 is closely attached to the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122, and the top surface of the sealing ring 128 is closely attached to the inner surface of the top plate 125 of the shell. The sealing ring 128 not only has a glue blocking effect, but also has a sealing effect, and cooperates with the first insulating sealing glue layer 129 to achieve better sealing effect. In order to further improve the sealing performance, the inner annular surface of the sealing ring 128 is closely attached to the insulating member 1224.

[0115] An L-shaped sealing ring can also be used, that is, the cross section of the L-shaped sealing ring is L-shaped; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the horizontal sealing surface is clamped between the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 and the top plate 125 of the shell, the vertical sealing surface is located in the annular gap, and the outer annular surface of the vertical sealing surface is closely attached to the hole wall of the avoiding hole 120. Based on the vertical sealing surface, the vertical sealing surface can be sealed from the axial direction of the avoiding hole 120, in addition, the vertical sealing surface is attached to the hole wall of the avoiding hole 120, which can position the L-shaped sealing ring, and prevent the sealing ring 128 from falling off or shifting during installation.

[0116] The sealing ring 128 can be made of plastic material, has certain elasticity and does not react with electrolyte. The sealing ring 128 can have no connection relationship with the upper cover plate 1221 of the corresponding single battery 122, is only placed in the corresponding position, and is pressed against the upper cover plate 1221 of the corresponding single battery 122 by the shell top plate 125. In order to avoid that the sealing ring 128 falls off or is displaced during installation, the lower end of the sealing ring 128 can be bonded with the upper cover plate 1221 of the corresponding single battery 122, and a ring-shaped groove for fixing the sealing ring 128 can be formed in the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery 122 in advance, so that the sealing ring 128 is fixed in the ring-shaped groove.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 4 In this embodiment, the support 127 extending along the x direction is arranged between the shell bottom plate 126 and each single battery 122 to form a liquid passage as an electrolyte sharing chamber 123. The inner cavity electrolyte area of each single battery 122 is communicated with the electrolyte sharing chamber 123 by opening the opening bag 1222 on the lower cover plate 1223 of the single battery.

[0118] Figure 4 In this embodiment, the boss extending along the x direction is arranged on the shell top plate 125, and a gas passage is formed on the boss. The gas passage and the inner cavity of the shell 121 are communicated, and the gas passage is used as a gas sharing chamber 124. The gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 122 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 124 by opening the opening bag (not shown in this embodiment) on the upper cover plate 1221 of the single battery. When gas is produced in the inner cavity of the single battery 122, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 124 can also be used as a gas containing chamber to relieve the problem of swelling of the shell 121 caused by gas production. Figure 4

[0119] In other embodiments, when the upper cover plate 1221 does not have the opening bag 1222, the gas sharing chamber 124 covers the gas port of each single battery 122. At this time, the gas sharing chamber 124 is used as a gas leakage passage. When the gas leakage membrane at the gas port of any single battery 122 is broken by the inner cavity smoke, the inner cavity of the single battery 122 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 124, and the smoke in the inner cavity is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 124, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 12.

[0120] In other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 123 or the gas sharing chamber 124 can be provided.

[0121] In combination with Figures 6 to 12 ​As can be seen, the heat exchange device 13 of the embodiment includes heat exchange pipe fittings 131 having first channels 611 and at least one row of second channel units; the first channels 611 extend along the x direction; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels 610 arranged along the x direction, each second channel 610 extends along the z direction and penetrates the first channel 611; and each second channel 610 in each row of second channel units and the polarity terminal 1225 on the same side of the plurality of single cells 122 correspond one-to-one.

[0122] In the embodiment, mainly with one row of second channel units and with two rows of second channel units, the heat exchange pipe fittings 131 with one row of second channel units can be defined as first heat exchange pipe fittings 60, and the heat exchange pipe fittings 131 with two rows of second channel units can be defined as second heat exchange pipe fittings 61.

[0123] The second channel 610 in the above two types of heat exchange pipe fittings 131 needs to have a projection area on the xy plane slightly larger than the projection area on the xy plane of the corresponding polarity terminal 1225 first part (wherein the polarity terminal 1225 first part includes the part of the polarity terminal 1225 located in the heat exchange device 13 and the electrical connection part 1226 located at the upper end of the part), to ensure that the corresponding polarity terminal 1225 first part can be inserted into the second channel 610, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel 610 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 1225 first part, to ensure that in the z direction, the top end of the polarity terminal 1225 first part as the electrical connection part 1226 extends out of the second channel 610.

[0124] In some cases, the cross-sectional area of the polarity terminal 1225 first part and the rest of the part is completely equal, so it can be considered that only "the projection area of the second channel 610 on the xy plane is slightly larger than the projection area of the corresponding polarity terminal 1225 on the xy plane, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel 610 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 1225", that is, it can be ensured that the corresponding polarity terminal 1225 first part can be inserted into the second channel 610, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 1226 of the polarity terminal 1225 extends out of the second channel 610.

[0125] Generally, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 610 (for the convenience of description, the two ports are defined as the first port 612 and the second port 613 respectively, wherein the second port 613 is the port close to the electrical connection part 1226) is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 1225. If the two ports of the second channel 610 are circular holes and the cross section of the polar terminal 1225 is circular, the caliber of the second channel 610 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first part of the polar terminal 1225. If the two ports of the second channel 610 are square holes and the cross section of the polar terminal 1225 is square, the area of the port of the second channel 610 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the first part of the polar terminal 1225.

[0126] After fixing the heat exchange pipe 131 on the top of the large capacity battery 12, the polar terminal 1225 is inserted into the corresponding second channel 610, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 1226 of the polar terminal 1225 protrudes out of the second channel 610; the two ports of the second channel 610 are sealed with the corresponding polar terminal 1225.

[0127] The inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe 131 (i.e. the inner cavity of the first channel 611) serves as the flow cavity of the heat transfer medium, and the part of the polar terminal 1225 located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe 131 is in direct contact with the heat transfer medium. With respect to the effect of indirectly exchanging heat between the polar terminal 1225 and the heat transfer medium through the tubular heat exchange part (for details, please refer to the large capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN118299714A, in which the heat transfer medium indirectly exchanges heat with the polar terminal 1225 through the tubular heat exchange part), firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened (from "heat transfer medium-heat exchange part-polar terminal" to "heat transfer medium-polar terminal"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium; secondly, the heat exchange area is increased (from "a certain surface area of a clamping groove" to "the part of the polar terminal located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe"), which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of the large capacity battery 12.

[0128] It should be noted that:

[0129] 1. Since the polar terminal 1225 of the utility model is in direct contact with the heat transfer medium, the ideal heat transfer medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, non-corrosive and other characteristics. In the utility model, the heat transfer medium is an insulating heat transfer medium commonly used in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0130] 2. Generally, two first heat exchange pipes 60 are used as the heat exchange device 13, and the two first heat exchange pipes 60 are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 1225 on different sides (which can or can not be in contact with the top of the large capacity battery 12).

[0131] When the first heat exchange pipe 60 is in contact with the polar terminal 1225 and the top of the large capacity battery 12 at the same time, if the polar terminal 1225 is electrically connected to the top of the large capacity battery 12 through the first heat exchange pipe 60, a short circuit will occur, so the first heat exchange pipe 60 needs to be insulated from the top of the large capacity battery 12, or the first heat exchange pipe 60 needs to be insulated from the polar terminal 1225; of course, the first heat exchange pipe 60 can also be insulated from both the top of the large capacity battery 12 and the polar terminal 1225; that is, as long as the polar terminal 1225 cannot be electrically connected to the top of the large capacity battery 12 through the first heat exchange pipe 60.

[0132] The above problem can be solved in the following way:

[0133] 2.1, the first heat exchange pipe 60 is made of insulating material, which can realize insulation between the first heat exchange pipe 60 and the top of the large capacity battery 12 and the polar terminal 1225;

[0134] 2.2, the first heat exchange pipe 60 is made of non-insulating material, and an insulating pad, an insulating film or an insulating paint can be added between the top of the large capacity battery 12 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 to overcome the problem; an insulating pad, an insulating film or an insulating paint can also be added to the inner bottom surface of the first heat exchange pipe 60 (the surface of the first heat exchange pipe 60 close to the top of the large capacity battery 12) to overcome the problem; the wall of the first heat exchange pipe 60 can also be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint or wrapping insulating film, to overcome the problem; an insulating sealing ring can also be added between the polar terminal 1225 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 to overcome the problem; of course, to be on the safe side, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome the problem;

[0135] 3, usually, one of the above-mentioned second heat exchange pipes 61 is used as the heat exchange device 13, and two rows of second channel units are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 1225 on different sides. Unlike the first heat exchange pipe 60, the second heat exchange pipe 61 is easy to contact with different polar terminals 1225 of the same single battery 122 at the same time, so the second heat exchange pipe 61 must be insulated from the polar terminal 1225 to avoid the two different polar terminals 1225 being electrically connected through the second heat exchange pipe 61, which will cause a short circuit. When the second heat exchange pipe 61 is insulated from the polar terminal 1225, the polar terminal 1225 cannot be electrically connected to the top of the large capacity battery 12 through the second heat exchange pipe 61.

[0136] The insulation between the second heat exchange pipe 61 and the polar terminal 1225 can be realized in the following way:

[0137] 3.1, the second heat exchange pipe piece 61 is selected from insulating materials, so that the insulation between the second heat exchange pipe piece 61 and the polarity terminal 1225 can be realized, and the insulation between the second heat exchange pipe piece 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery 12 can be realized;

[0138] 3.2, the second heat exchange pipe piece 61 is made of non-insulating materials, and an insulating sealing ring is additionally arranged between the polarity terminal 1225 and the second heat exchange pipe piece 61; the pipe wall of the second heat exchange pipe piece 61 is insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film and the like; in order to be safe, the above-mentioned method can be combined, and multiple insulation modes are adopted to overcome the problem.

[0139] The following will be described in detail Figures 3 to 12 The large-capacity battery assembly 11 with the above-mentioned two structure heat exchange pipe pieces 131 of the embodiment will be described in detail;

[0140] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , they are respectively the structure schematic view and the sectional view of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 with the first heat exchange pipe piece 60 of the embodiment;

[0141] The structure of the first heat exchange pipe piece 60 is shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , which comprises a pipe body, and the pipe body is provided with a first channel 611 and 12 second channels 610 (12 second channels 610 constitute a row of second channel units); the number of the second channels 610 is consistent with the number of the single batteries 122 in the large-capacity battery 12, and in other embodiments, the number of the second channels 610 can be adjusted according to the number of the single batteries 122 in the large-capacity battery 12.

[0142] The cross-sectional shape of the pipe body is not specifically limited in the utility model, since the heat exchange pipe piece 131 in the embodiment is placed on the top of the planar large-capacity battery 12, considering the structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the pipe body of the embodiment is a rectangular pipe. In other embodiments, a circular pipe or a pipe with other structural forms can also be used.

[0143] The first channel 611 mentioned above is a channel opened along the length direction of the pipe body, and in the utility model, after the heat exchange pipe piece 131 is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery 12, the length direction of the pipe body is consistent with the arrangement direction of the single batteries 122 (the arrangement direction of the single batteries 122 is the x direction), therefore, the first channel 611 can be considered to extend along the x direction. The two end ports of the first channel 611 serve as the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange pipe piece 131.

[0144] The second channel 610 is a channel penetrating the pipe wall of the pipe body and penetrating the first channel 611, and in the utility model, after the heat exchange pipe 131 is fixed on the top of the large capacity battery 12, the extension direction of the second channel 610 is consistent with the height direction of the single battery 122 (the height direction of the single battery 122 is the z direction), so the second channel 610 can be considered to extend along the z direction.

[0145] In addition, the plurality of second channels 610 need to correspond to the polarity terminals 1225 on the same side of the plurality of single batteries 122, and when the second channels 610 are fixed on the top of the large capacity battery 12, the electrical connection parts 1226 of the polarity terminals 1225 of the single batteries 122 pass through the first ports 612 of the corresponding second channels 610 and extend out of the second ports 613, and the second ports 613 are the ports close to the electrical connection parts 1226 of the polarity terminals 1225.

[0146] The shapes of the two ports of the second channel 610 in the embodiment are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1225, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel 610 are circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 1225 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the second channel 610 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 1225; in other embodiments, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel 610 can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1225, as long as the polarity terminal 1225 can be inserted into the second channel 610.

[0147] It can be seen from Figure 3 that the large capacity battery assembly 11 includes two first heat exchange pipes 60, the two first heat exchange pipes 60 are sleeved on the polarity terminals 1225 on different sides based on the second channels 610, and the two first heat exchange pipes 60 are connected in series through the connecting pipe 7. In other embodiments, the two first heat exchange pipes 60 can also be connected in parallel.

[0148] In the embodiment, the first heat exchange pipe 60 made of insulating material realizes the insulation between the first heat exchange pipe 60 and the top of the large capacity battery 12 and the polarity terminal 1225.

[0149] In addition, because the heat exchange pipe 131 flows with insulating heat transfer medium, the sealing between the heat exchange pipe 131 and the polarity terminal 1225 is particularly important.

[0150] It can be seen from Figure 8As can be seen, the second annular groove along the circumference of each polarity terminal 1225 can be opened on the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225, and the second annular sealing gasket 63 can be sleeved in the second annular groove of each polarity terminal 1225; the outer edge bottom surface of the second annular sealing gasket 63 is sealingly connected with the first heat exchange pipe 60, so as to realize the sealing between the second port 613 of each second channel 610 and the corresponding polarity terminal 1225. The upper end surface of the insulating member 1224 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe 60, and a sealing glue layer or a sealing gasket is coated or added between the insulating member 1224 and the first heat exchange pipe 60, so as to realize the sealing between the first port 612 of each second channel 610 and the corresponding polarity terminal 1225.

[0151] Since the second annular sealing gasket 63 is embedded in the second annular groove, the second annular sealing gasket 63 cooperates with the insulating member 1224 and can also limit the first heat exchange pipe 60 in the z direction, thereby improving the stability of the first heat exchange pipe 60.

[0152] It should be noted that:

[0153] 1. Since the second annular sealing gasket 63 needs to be embedded in the second annular groove, the second annular sealing gasket 63 needs to have a certain elasticity in the radial direction thereof, so as to be sleeved on the polarity terminal 1225 and embedded in the second annular groove through the electrical connection part 1226.

[0154] 2. The sealing connection mode between the outer edge bottom surface of the second annular sealing gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe 60. For example, the first heat exchange pipe 60 in the embodiment is made of insulating material, so that the sealing connection between the two can be realized by coating sealing glue between the outer edge of the second annular sealing gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe 60. When the first heat exchange pipe 60 is made of metal material, a sealing gasket can be added between the two, and the sealing connection between the two can be realized by screws.

[0155] From Figure 9 As can be seen, the embodiment can also be provided with a stepped structure on the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225, and the sealing between the polarity terminal 1225 and the second port 613 of the corresponding second channel 610 can be realized by the first annular sealing gasket 62. Specifically, the first annular sealing gasket 62 is sleeved on each polarity terminal 1225, the inner edge bottom surface of the first annular sealing gasket 62 is crimped on the stepped surface of the stepped structure and sealingly connected with the polarity terminal 1225, and the outer edge bottom surface is sealingly connected with the first heat exchange pipe 60. The upper end surface of the insulating member 1224 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe 60, and a sealing glue layer or a sealing gasket is coated or added between the insulating member 1224 and the first heat exchange pipe 60, so as to realize the sealing between the first port 612 of each second channel 610 and the corresponding polarity terminal 1225.

[0156] Similarly, since the first annular sealing gasket 62 is sealingly connected with the polar terminal 1225, the first annular sealing gasket 62 cooperates with the insulating member 1224 to limit the first heat exchange pipe 60 in the z direction, thereby improving the stability of the first heat exchange pipe 60.

[0157] It should be noted that:

[0158] The material of the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the sealing connection mode between the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 1225 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe 60. For example, the first heat exchange pipe 60 in the embodiment is made of insulating material, so the first annular sealing gasket 62 made of metal material can be selected. The first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 1225 can be sealingly connected by welding, and the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 can be sealingly connected by bonding. When the first heat exchange pipe 60 is made of metal material, the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 1225 and the first heat exchange pipe 60 can be sealingly connected by welding.

[0159] In other embodiments, an O-shaped sealing ring can also be added between the polar terminal 1225 and the two ports of the second channel 610 to achieve sealing.

[0160] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , it is a large-capacity battery assembly 11 using the second heat exchange pipe 61. The structure of the second heat exchange pipe 61 is specifically shown in Figure 12 . Unlike the first heat exchange pipe 60, it includes two rows of second channel units, and the plurality of second channels 610 and all polar terminals 1225 of the plurality of single batteries 122 correspond one by one. That is, in the embodiment, all the polar terminals 1225 are partially located in the same first channel 611.

[0161] Sealing plates can be added at both ends of the first channel 611, and the sealing plates are provided with openings as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the second heat exchange pipe 61, respectively.

[0162] The second heat exchange pipe 61 made of insulating medium is also used to achieve insulation between the second heat exchange pipe 61 and the polar terminal 1225. The sealing mode between each polar terminal 1225 and the two ports of the second channel 610 is the same as above, which will not be described here.

[0163] It is to be explained that, because the second heat exchange pipe 61 substantially covers the top of the large capacity battery 12, it is not convenient to set a gas sharing chamber 124 with a large z direction size on the top of such a large capacity battery 12, and each single battery 122 can be in gas communication through a through hole in the upper cover plate 1221 thereof, so as to achieve gas balance.

[0164] In some other embodiments, the heat exchange device 13 can also be a half pipe structure (here, the half pipe can be understood as being divided into two halves along the axial direction of the whole pipe, and each half is a half pipe), and a through hole is formed in the pipe wall for the polar terminal 1225 electric connection part 1226 to pass through. Such a heat exchange device 13 is sealed and buckled on the top of the large capacity battery 12, and the space between the half pipe and the top of the large capacity battery 12 serves as a heat transfer medium flow space. The polar terminal 1225 is partially arranged in the heat transfer medium flow chamber, and the corresponding through hole through which the polar terminal 1225 electric connection part 1226 passes.

[0165] As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 , the explosion vent pipe assembly 335 of the large capacity battery assembly 11 of the present embodiment includes a first explosion vent member 310 and a second explosion vent member 320. The first explosion vent member 310 includes a first hollow pipe 3110, which is internally provided with an explosion vent film, and is used to be connected with the shell 121. In order to fix it at the first through hole 1148 of the shell 121, an annular plate is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first hollow pipe 3110, and the annular plate is sealingly connected with the periphery of the first through hole 1148 by friction welding. The second explosion vent member 320 is a tee pipe, the first interface 321 of which is sealingly connected with the first explosion vent member 310, and the second interface 322 and the third interface 323 are respectively used to be connected with the flexible pipe section 4 constituting the explosion vent manifold 32 (see Figure 15 ). The first interface 321 is the joint of the vertical pipe (the pipe section parallel to the x direction) of the tee pipe, and the second interface 322 and the third interface 323 are respectively the joints of the two ends of the horizontal pipe (the pipe section parallel to the y direction) of the tee pipe. Figure 14 Figure 14

[0166] The first interface 321 and the first explosion vent member 310 can be connected by thread connection, welding or interference fit. In the present embodiment, a union tee pipe is selected, that is, a union nut is connected to one end of the vertical pipe of the tee pipe as a union joint. An external thread is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first explosion vent member 310 connected with the second explosion vent member 320. The union joint of the second explosion vent member 320 is threadedly connected with the external thread of the outer wall of the first explosion vent member 310. The union joint can be directly connected with the first explosion vent member 310, and a sealing gasket is arranged on the free end of the first explosion vent member 310 to ensure the sealing performance of the connection part.

[0167] ​​In the assembly of the battery pack assembly 1, first, each tee pipe is fixed on the corresponding first explosion venting member 310 to form a large-capacity battery assembly 11 with an explosion venting pipe assembly 335, then, a plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies 11 are arranged in a set direction, and finally, adjacent two tee pipes are connected by using the flexible pipe section 4, as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16 Figure 16 only schematically show the outermost two large-capacity battery assemblies 11.

[0168] Since the embodiment adopts the spliced explosion venting manifold 32, and the intermediate connecting pipe section is the flexible pipe section 4, the installation error of the explosion venting pipe assembly 335 and the spacing deviation between the large-capacity battery assemblies 11 can be compensated based on the deformation of the flexible pipe section 4, and the installation difficulty of the explosion venting manifold 32 is reduced.

[0169] It should be noted that, in order to further improve the safety, the explosion venting manifold 32 and the large-capacity battery assembly 11 should be insulated, such as using the flexible pipe section 4 and / or the tee pipe made of insulating and high-temperature-resistant (thermal runaway smoke temperature) materials, and / or adding an insulating pipe section between the first explosion venting pipe and the tee pipe, and the like.

[0170] Embodiment 2

[0171] Unlike Embodiment 1, referring to Figures 4 to 5 , the embodiment is characterized in that two first annular grooves 14 are formed in the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225, the two first annular grooves 14 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 1225, and each first annular groove 14 extends along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225. Based on the two first annular grooves 14, the heat exchange area of the part of the polarity terminal 1225 can be increased, and after the part is positioned in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 13, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained compared with the polarity terminal 1225 with a smooth side wall.

[0172] In some other embodiments, the number, groove width, and groove depth of the first annular groove 14 can be adjusted according to the needs, as long as the conductive performance of the polarity terminal 1225 is not affected.

[0173] In some other embodiments, other structures can also be processed on the polarity terminal 1225 to increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal 1225. In order to facilitate the description, in the utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal 1225 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures can include point-shaped pits, protrusions, and the like located on the side wall of the polarity terminal 1225, and can also be through holes formed on the polarity terminal; compared with the above-mentioned functional structures, the first annular groove 14 structure of the embodiment is easy to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0174] Embodiment 3 ​

[0175] The embodiment is another large-capacity battery assembly 11, which is different from the above embodiment in that the second insulating sealant layer 15 is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery 12 on the basis of the above embodiment.

[0176] The specific structure is as shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 On the basis of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second insulating sealant layer 15 is covered on the top of the large-capacity battery 12 and cooperates with the first insulating sealant layer 129 to wrap the first heat exchange pipe 60.

[0177] In order to improve the stability of the second insulating sealant layer 15, the large-capacity battery 12 shell 121 can also be subjected to plastic spraying treatment, which can realize the insulation of the aluminum shell 121 on the one hand, and the bonding strength of the insulating sealant to the plastic spraying outer layer is higher than that to the aluminum shell 121, so that the second insulating sealant layer 15 has higher stability. In addition, the bonding strength of the two can be better by matching the types of the plastic spraying material and the second insulating sealant.

[0178] The first insulating sealant layer 129 and the second insulating sealant layer 15 can be regarded as a whole, which can realize the sealing of the avoiding hole 120 part and has at least the following advantages:

[0179] I. Further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange pipe 131;

[0180] Specifically, when the sealing mode of embodiment 1 is adopted, after the sealing between the two ports of the second channel 610 and the polarity terminal 1225 is completed, if there is still a small gap between the two ports of the second channel 610 and the polarity terminal 1225, the insulating sealant liquid constituting the second insulating sealant layer 15 seeps into the small gap between the two ports of the second channel 610 and the polarity terminal 1225, and further seals the gap from the radial direction (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the first channel 611 through the small gap);

[0181] II. Anti-condensation;

[0182] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange pipe 131, condensation will be generated on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit problem. By laying the second insulating sealant layer 15 on the top of the heat exchange pipe 131, when condensation is generated on the surface of the heat exchange pipe 131, the battery short circuit can be prevented under the protection of the second insulating sealant layer 15;

[0183] 3. Achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe 131 and the top of the large-capacity battery 12;

[0184] When a heat exchange fitting 131 made of non-insulating material is used, when the insulating sealant is completely wrapped around the outside of the heat exchange fitting 131, insulation of such a heat exchange fitting 131 can be achieved, further improving the insulation performance between the heat exchange fitting 131 and the top of the large-capacity battery 12.

[0185] 4. Improving the stability of the heat exchange pipe 131;

[0186] Since the heat exchange tube 131 is completely wrapped by the second insulating sealant layer 15 , the stability of the heat exchange tube 131 on the large-capacity battery 12 can be further improved.

[0187] from Figure 17 and Figure 18 It can also be seen that the electrical connection portion 1226 of each polarity terminal 1225 protrudes from the second insulating sealant layer 15 to facilitate connection with the electrical connector assembly. The electrical connector assembly is an electrical connector that enables parallel connection of individual cells 122 in the large-capacity battery 12 and / or series connection of adjacent large-capacity batteries 12. Furthermore, the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 131 are both exposed from the second insulating sealant layer 15, facilitating connection to an external heat exchange device storing a heat transfer medium.

[0188] In some other embodiments, after the electrical connection assembly is connected to the polarity terminal 1225, a second insulating sealant layer 15 can be laid on the top of the large-capacity battery 12, that is, the second insulating sealant layer 15 completely covers the polarity terminal 1225 of the single battery 122 and the connection part between the electrical connection assembly and the polarity terminal 1225; in the entire large-capacity battery 12, after the outer shell 121 is insulated, only the free end of the electrical connection assembly (used to realize the series connection of the large-capacity batteries 12) is exposed and charged, and the rest of the parts are insulated, so that this type of large-capacity battery 12 has higher safety performance.

[0189] In order to prevent the problem of glue overflow during the glue injection process, the present embodiment uses the local structure of the shell 121 as a glue baffle. Figure 19 and Figure 20 , the structure of the housing 121 of this embodiment is described in detail.

[0190] like Figure 19 As shown in FIG. 1 , the exploded structure diagram of the housing 121 of this embodiment is shown. The housing 121 is disassembled into a cylinder 17 with two open ends and an end plate 18 covering the open ends of the cylinder 17. The structure of the cylinder 17 is as follows: Figure 20As shown, the cylinder body 17 is open at both ends, i.e., the open ends of the cylinder body 17 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the cylinder side plate 171 is higher than the height of the cylinder top plate 172; the part of the cylinder side plate 171 higher than the cylinder top plate 172 is used as a glue blocking plate. The cylinder body 17 can be integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient to process, and at the same time, has good sealing compared to a split structure.

[0191] In addition, the top of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 can also be provided with an insulating protective cover 19 (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 13 shown), and the part of the insulating protective cover 19 is used as a glue injection mold in this embodiment, so that demolding is not required after glue injection, and the bonding strength of the insulating protective cover 19 and the top of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 can also be improved. In addition, if the polarity terminal is directly exposed to the external environment, there is a great safety hazard due to the electrification of the polarity terminal during use. Therefore, the insulating protective cover 19 provided on the top of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 can also provide insulation protection for the polarity terminal, avoiding the safety hazard that may exist due to the exposure of the polarity terminal during the operation of the large-capacity battery assembly 11, and also avoiding the problem that foreign matters in the external environment fall into the position of the polarity terminal to cause the short circuit of the large-capacity battery assembly 11, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery assembly 11.

[0192] Embodiment 4

[0193] The embodiment is an energy storage device, which includes a fire safety system and at least one battery pack assembly in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0194] As shown in Figure 21 , the fire safety system 2 includes a first fire unit 020, and the structure of the first fire unit 020 is as shown in Figure 22 , which includes a smoke gas collecting pipe and a smoke gas treatment unit 22, the smoke gas collecting pipe is used to transport the thermal runaway generated by the large-capacity battery assembly 11 to the smoke gas treatment unit 22; the smoke gas treatment unit 22 is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke gas generated by each large-capacity battery assembly 11. The structure of the smoke gas collecting pipe and the smoke gas treatment unit 22 will be described in detail below.

[0195] As shown in Figure 2 , in order to prevent the thermal runaway smoke gas of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 in the individual battery pack assembly 1 from diffusing into the entire energy storage device and causing safety problems, the thermal runaway smoke gas of all the battery pack assemblies 1 is collected by the smoke gas collecting pipe, so that when the large-capacity battery assembly 11 in any battery pack assembly 1 occurs thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke gas can be discharged through the smoke gas collecting pipe, thereby reducing the diffusion of thermal runaway.

[0196] The flue gas manifold of the embodiment includes a first-level manifold 211 and a second-level manifold 2120. The first-level manifold 211 is connected with the outlet end of the explosion vent manifold 32 of each battery pack assembly 1, and the second-level manifold 2120 is connected with each first-level manifold 211 to concentrate and transport the thermal runaway flue gas in each first-level manifold 211 to the flue gas treatment unit 22.

[0197] In combination Figure 1 , the battery pack assemblies 1 of the energy storage device are arranged along the z direction to form a battery cluster, and there are a total of four battery clusters. For the energy storage device, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 22 It can be seen that the embodiment includes four first-level manifolds 211, each of which is connected with the outlet end of the explosion vent manifold 32 of each battery pack assembly 1 in each battery cluster (as shown in Figure 23 , as shown in Figure 23 , and Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of the a area), and the second-level manifold 2120 is connected with each first-level manifold 211 to concentrate and transport the thermal runaway flue gas in each first-level manifold 211 to the flue gas treatment unit 22.

[0198] The flue gas manifold described above collects the thermal runaway flue gas generated by each battery cluster and concentrates and leads out the thermal runaway flue gas to the flue gas treatment unit 22 at the rear for treatment. However, in each large-capacity battery assembly 11, there is a certain amount of free electrolyte in the shared chamber. When the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is in thermal runaway, the electrolyte is sprayed out together with the thermal runaway flue gas and has a certain safety hazard. Based on this, in combination Figure 24 , the flue gas treatment unit 22 in the embodiment includes a liquid treatment device 230, the inlet of the liquid treatment device 230 is connected with the outlet of the second-level manifold 2120, and the liquid treatment device 230 is mainly used for fully treating the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to produce flammable gas, thereby reducing the content of flammable substances (electrolyte and flammable gas) in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0199] The liquid treatment device 230 in the embodiment includes M liquid treatment tanks 2301, and the liquid treatment tanks 2301 are filled with a liquid treatment medium. The number of the liquid treatment tanks 2301 can be set according to the number and requirements of the large-capacity battery assemblies 11 in the energy storage device. If there are a plurality of liquid treatment tanks 2301, the plurality of liquid treatment tanks 2301 can be connected in series through a connecting pipeline 2302. The shape of the liquid treatment tank 2301 is not limited, which can be a rectangular tank, a circular tank, an oval tank, etc. Preferably, a circular tank is adopted, which has good pressure-bearing performance.

[0200] The above M liquid treatment tanks 2301 can be all filled with liquid treatment medium. When filled, the liquid treatment medium is filled to about 2 / 3 of the inner cavity of the liquid treatment tank 2301 to avoid the liquid treatment medium in the previous liquid treatment tank 2301 being pressed into the next liquid treatment tank 2301, resulting in poor treatment effect.

[0201] In actual use, the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke gas of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is too large when it is initially vented, and the liquid treatment medium in the last liquid treatment tank 2301 can be pressed out of the liquid treatment tank 2301 by the thermal runaway smoke gas. Based on this, the last liquid treatment tank 2301 can be set as an empty tank. For example, the liquid treatment device 230 includes 9 liquid treatment tanks 2301, of which the first to eighth liquid treatment tanks 2301 are filled with liquid treatment medium, and the ninth liquid treatment tank 2301 is an empty tank. When the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke gas discharged by the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is too large, the empty tank can collect the liquid treatment medium pressed out by the high-pressure thermal runaway smoke gas, avoid the liquid treatment medium being pressed out of the liquid treatment tank 2301, and improve the safety of the liquid treatment device 230 in use.

[0202] As shown in Figure 24 The liquid treatment tank 2301 is provided with a smoke gas inlet 2303, a smoke gas outlet 2304, and a liquid treatment medium filling port 2305. The smoke gas inlet 2303 is used to input the thermal runaway smoke gas into the liquid treatment tank 2301, the smoke gas outlet 2304 is used to discharge the treated thermal runaway smoke gas, and the liquid treatment medium filling port 2305 is used to fill the liquid treatment medium. The smoke gas inlet 2303 can be arranged at the top of the liquid treatment tank 2301 or at the bottom of the liquid treatment tank 2301. To facilitate the connection of each liquid treatment tank 2301, the smoke gas inlet 2303 and the smoke gas outlet 2304 are preferably arranged at the top of the liquid treatment tank 2301. At this time, each liquid treatment tank 2301 only needs to be connected at the top, which improves the connectability of the entire thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device and the compactness of the pipeline arrangement. In addition, the above-mentioned connecting pipeline 2302 can be a metal bellows. After being connected by a metal bellows, each liquid treatment tank 2301 can be arranged according to the requirements of the installation space, meet various installation requirements, and save installation space.

[0203] As shown in Figure 25As shown, after the flue gas inlet 2303 is arranged at the top of the liquid treatment tank 2301, in order to make the thermal runaway flue gas fully contact with the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301, a draft tube 2306 is connected to the flue gas inlet 2303, and at least part of the draft tube 2306 can be immersed in the liquid treatment medium. Preferably, the draft tube 2306 extends to the bottom of the liquid treatment tank 2301 and can be completely immersed in the liquid treatment medium. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the liquid treatment tank 2301, it is fully contacted with the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301, and the liquid treatment medium can more fully treat the thermal runaway flue gas, thereby improving the treatment effect of the liquid treatment medium.

[0204] The end of the above-mentioned draft tube 2306 immersed in the liquid treatment medium is provided with a flow dividing part 2307. The flow dividing part 2307 disperses and divides the thermal runaway flue gas before reacting with the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301, so that the thermal runaway flue gas has a large inflow and a small outflow, which is beneficial to the dispersion of the thermal runaway flue gas and makes the thermal runaway flue gas fully contact with the liquid treatment medium, thereby improving the treatment effect of the liquid treatment medium. The flow dividing part 2307 in the embodiment can be a foamed copper column. The foamed copper column is easy to install and has good dispersion and division effect. Specifically, the foamed copper column is fixed to the port of the end of the draft tube 2306 immersed in the liquid treatment medium. Foamed copper is a structure with a large number of three-dimensional pores in a copper matrix, which has a dispersion and buffering effect on fluid. In use, the foamed copper column is processed into a columnar structure. The thermal runaway flue gas passing through the draft tube 2306 flows out of the foamed copper column, and then flows out through the side wall or bottom of the foamed copper column, so as to achieve the dispersion and buffering effect on the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the dispersed thermal runaway flue gas fully contacts with the liquid treatment medium.

[0205] In order to further make the thermal runaway flue gas fully react with the liquid treatment medium, a spiral baffle 2308 is arranged on the above-mentioned draft tube 2306, or a plurality of baffle plates are arranged on the draft tube 2306. The spiral baffle 2308 or the plurality of baffle plates increases the travel of the thermal runaway flue gas when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the liquid treatment tank 2301, so that the thermal runaway flue gas more fully contacts with the liquid treatment medium. The thermal runaway flue gas enters the liquid treatment tank 2301 from the flue gas inlet 2303 of the liquid treatment tank 2301, then enters the bottom of the liquid treatment medium through the draft tube 2306, and then is dispersed by the foamed copper column. The spiral baffle 2308 or the plurality of baffle plates makes the thermal runaway flue gas fully contact with the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301 during the process of rising from the bottom, so as to be treated correspondingly. Specifically, the spiral baffle 2308 can be fixed on the draft tube 2306. The baffle plate is a semicircular baffle. The plurality of baffle plates are arranged from bottom to top and are respectively fixed on the draft tube 2306, and the adjacent baffle plates are installed in a staggered manner.

[0206] After the liquid treatment tank is completed, the liquid treatment medium is filled, which is mainly used to fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to produce flammable gas, thereby reducing the content of flammable substances (electrolyte and flammable gas) in the thermal runaway smoke gas. The liquid treatment medium can specifically use the following substances:

[0207] First, the liquid treatment medium can be an organic solvent. According to the principle of "like dissolves like", the organic solvent can fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke gas, and can also prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose. The organic solvent is specifically an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent. The ester solvent can be specifically diethyl phthalate solvent, methyl salicylate solvent, ethyl acetate solvent or butyl acetate solvent, etc. The alcohol solvent can be specifically benzyl alcohol solvent, isoamyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent, isopropyl alcohol solvent, iso-octanol solvent, n-propanol solvent or cyclohexanol solvent, etc. The aldehyde solvent is benzaldehyde solvent, heptanal, phenylpropyl aldehyde or methyl non-ethyl aldehyde, etc.

[0208] Second, the liquid treatment medium is an alkali solution, which can be specifically a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, a barium hydroxide aqueous solution, etc. The alkali solution can react with the carbonate substances in the electrolyte to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to produce harmful gas, thereby treating the thermal runaway smoke gas at the source. At the same time, the alkali solution can cool the thermal runaway smoke gas and fully dissolve the electrolyte vapor in the thermal runaway smoke gas in the alkali solution. In addition, the alkali solution has good treatment effect on acidic substances such as CO2, POF3 and HF, and can effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke gas.

[0209] Among the above two liquid treatment media, the alkali solution not only treats the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose, but also treats part of the gas. The amount of gas in the thermal runaway smoke gas treated by the alkali solution is greatly reduced, so the treatment effect of the alkali solution is better than that of the organic solvent.

[0210] For the alkali solution, the higher the concentration, the better the treatment effect on the thermal runaway smoke gas. However, the inventors found that the low-concentration alkali solution has a better treatment effect than the high-concentration alkali solution, especially the alkali solution with a concentration of 0.05-0.5 mol / L. When the thermal runaway smoke gas passes through the alkali solution with this concentration, the amount of gas collected is the smallest, and the treatment effect is better than that of the alkali solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L or more. Therefore, when the alkali solution is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke gas, the prejudice of the prior art is overcome, and the low-concentration alkali solution is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke gas, so that the alkali solution can effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke gas.

[0211] The following is an example of NaOH solution as a base solution. After a large number of battery thermal runaway tests, the treatment effects of water and different concentrations of NaOH solution on thermal runaway smoke were compared. It was found that the volume of gas collected after the thermal runaway smoke was treated with 0.05-0.5 mol / L NaOH solution was the smallest. The effect was significant after treatment with 0.1-0.2 mol / L NaOH solution. The effect was best after treatment with 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution.

[0212] When the thermal runaway smoke is transported to the NaOH solution, the NaOH solution reacts with acidic substances such as electrolyte, CO2, POF3, and HF in the thermal runaway smoke, for example, the ester in the electrolyte reacts with the NaOH solution: CHOOCR + NaOH = RCOONa + CHOH; CO2 reacts with the NaOH solution: 2NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O; subsequent CO2 also occurs: Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O = 2NaHCO3; POF3 reacts with the NaOH solution: POF3 + 2NaOH = NaPF2O2 + NaF + H2O; HF reacts with the NaOH solution: NaOH + HF = NaF + H2O. After the above reactions, the volume of the thermal runaway smoke is greatly reduced.

[0213] Table 1: Thermal runaway data of full 32650 battery without treatment

[0214]

[0215] Table 2: Treatment results of different concentrations of NaOH solution

[0216]

[0217]

[0218] According to the above test data, it is found that the volume of gas collected after the thermal runaway of the full 32650 battery without any treatment is 4L. When the thermal runaway smoke after the thermal runaway of the full 32650 battery is treated with NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L or more, the volume of gas collected is generally greater than 2L, and the treatment effect is not ideal. When the thermal runaway smoke after the thermal runaway of the full 32650 battery is treated with 0.05-0.5 mol / L NaOH solution, the volume of gas is small, all below 2L. The effect is significant after treatment with 0.1-0.2 mol / L NaOH. The volume of gas collected after treatment with 0.1 mol / L NaOH is the smallest, only about 1L, and the effect is the best. Therefore, NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.05-0.5 mol / L has a good treatment effect on the thermal runaway smoke after the thermal runaway of the battery.

[0219] AsFigure 26 As shown, the flue gas treatment unit of the embodiment can also include a solid treatment device. According to the test results, a certain concentration of alkali solution can effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the volume of the treated thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced. On this basis, the solid treatment device can be used to treat the remaining gas, so that the treated thermal runaway flue gas is completely non-combustible.

[0220] From Figure 26 As can be seen, the solid treatment device is arranged at the rear end of the liquid treatment device and is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the liquid treatment device. The solid treatment device includes at least one solid treatment tank 231. The number of solid treatment tanks 231 can be set according to the number and requirements of large-capacity batteries in the energy storage device. If there are multiple solid treatment tanks, the multiple solid treatment tanks can be arranged in series. In this case, the flue gas inlet of the first solid treatment tank is connected to the flue gas outlet of the last liquid treatment tank in the liquid treatment device. The solid treatment tank has a similar structure to the liquid treatment tank and is filled with solid adsorption medium, which is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the liquid treatment tank.

[0221] The solid adsorption medium in the above solid treatment tank can be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate, or porous glass, etc. It is used to treat the residual gas treated by the liquid treatment tank, such as adsorbing excess H2, CO, methane, ethylene, etc. Preferably, the above solid adsorption medium is activated carbon which has relatively low cost and relatively excellent treatment effect. Generally, activated carbon with high iodine value or modified activated carbon is selected. Such activated carbon is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gases in the thermal runaway flue gas, such as hydrogen and methane.

[0222] Table 3 Adsorption test of NaOH solution and activated carbon combination

[0223]

[0224] Through the test data, it is found that the effect of using NaOH solution and activated carbon (No. 1 filter tank P-B-3 activated carbon) to treat the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery thermal runaway is very good. After multiple tests, it is found that the thermal runaway flue gas of the full 32650 battery after thermal runaway is first treated by 1500 mL of 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution, and then adsorbed by 270 g of activated carbon. The volume of the collected gas is 0.3-0.5 L, and the collected gas is non-combustible.

[0225] The smoke treatment system in the embodiment introduces the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the large-capacity battery into the liquid treatment tank for treatment. The liquid treatment tank processes the electrolyte and part of the gas carried in the battery thermal runaway smoke, prevents the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to generate gas, thereby reducing the gas production of the battery thermal runaway gas. The subsequent solid treatment tank uses less solid adsorption medium to complete the treatment of the thermal runaway smoke. At the same time, the treated gas is not flammable, which improves the safety of the energy storage equipment.

[0226] In some embodiments, the smoke treatment unit can also only include a solid treatment device. The thermal runaway smoke generated by the large-capacity battery is directly transported to the solid treatment device through the smoke bus duct for treatment.

[0227] The smoke treatment unit of the embodiment can also include an ignition device 2210. As shown in Figure 26 The ignition device 2210 is arranged at the rear end of the liquid treatment device or the solid treatment device, and performs controllable ignition treatment on the thermal runaway smoke treated by the liquid treatment device or the solid treatment device. The above-mentioned ignition device 2210 can adopt the structure disclosed in Chinese patents CN220324645U, CN219453979U, CN218523576U, CN218498146U, CN218414927U, etc.

[0228] In some embodiments, the smoke treatment unit can also only include an ignition device. The thermal runaway smoke generated by the large-capacity battery is directly transported to the ignition device through the smoke bus duct, and the ignition device directly performs separate ignition treatment on all the thermal runaway smoke.

[0229] As shown in Figure 26 The above-mentioned ignition device 2210 includes a smoke pipeline 2321 and at least one group of ignition assemblies. The smoke pipeline 2321 is connected with the smoke outlet 2304 of the Mth liquid treatment tank 2301 in the liquid treatment device 230 (for example, without setting a solid adsorption device). The ignition assemblies are connected on the smoke pipeline 2321. The number of ignition assemblies can be set according to requirements, which can be set as one group, two groups, three groups, or four groups, etc. When multiple groups are set, not only can the thermal runaway smoke be fully ignited to ensure reliable ignition, but also the safety hidden danger that a single ignition assembly fails or fails to reliably ignite the thermal runaway smoke can be avoided.

[0230] As shown in Figure 26As shown, each ignition assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 2322 connected with the smoke pipe 2321 (when there are multiple ignition assemblies, the inlets of the smoke exhaust pipes 2322 of the multiple ignition assemblies are all communicated with the smoke pipe 2321) and an igniter 2323 arranged at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe 2322, the igniter 2323 is opened when thermal runaway occurs in any large-capacity battery assembly 11, and then the thermal runaway smoke treated by the liquid treatment device 230 is transported into the smoke exhaust pipe 2322 by the smoke pipe 2321, and the igniter 2323 ignites the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe 2322. The opening of the igniter 2323 can be triggered by a trigger 2324 or by the BMS (battery management system). When the trigger 2324 is used, the trigger 2324 can be a sensor of different structures, which can be arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe 2322 or on the smoke pipe 2321, and can detect parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas volume fraction in real time, and when the set threshold is exceeded, a signal can be sent to start the igniter 2323. Specifically, the above-mentioned trigger 2324 can be at least one of a pressure sensor, a gas sensor or a temperature sensor. When the trigger 2324 is used, a flame arrester 2325 can also be arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 2322, which is preferably a pipeline flame arrester 2325, used to prevent the flame from transmitting downward through the smoke exhaust pipe 2322 to damage the trigger 2324 and other devices. When the BMS is used, the BMS monitors the voltage, current and temperature of each large-capacity battery assembly 11 in the energy storage device in real time, and when thermal runaway occurs in any large-capacity battery assembly 11, the voltage, current and temperature exceed the threshold, and the igniter 2323 is started.

[0231] The structure of the above-mentioned igniter 2323 can be various, for example, the existing electric arc igniter 2323 or resistance wire igniter 2323 can be used, and the electric arc igniter 2323 can be a pulse igniter 2323, and the power supply mode of the igniter 2323 can be dry batteries or alternating current according to the site environment.

[0232] When thermal runaway occurs in the large-capacity battery assembly 11, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 enters the liquid treatment device 230 through the smoke busbar, and the liquid treatment device 230 performs targeted treatment on the electrolyte and part of the gas carried in the battery thermal runaway smoke, and then the ignition device 2210 performs controllable ignition treatment on the thermal runaway smoke treated by the liquid treatment device 230, so as to reduce the safety hidden danger caused by the discharge of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0233] The smoke treatment unit 22 of the embodiment can also include a buffer device arranged between the smoke busbar and the smoke treatment unit 22 to buffer the thermal runaway smoke entering the smoke treatment unit 22.

[0234] As shown in FIG. 1, the energy storage device 1 can also include a smoke treatment unit 22 arranged at the outlet of the smoke busbar, used to treat the thermal runaway smoke of the large-capacity battery assembly 11. The smoke treatment unit 22 can be arranged at the outlet of the smoke busbar, and can be arranged in the smoke busbar. The smoke treatment unit 22 can be a liquid treatment device 230, and the liquid treatment device 230 can be a liquid treatment device 230 of any structure, for example, a liquid treatment device 230 of a structure shown in FIG. 2. Figure 27As shown, the buffer device includes N buffer tanks 234, each of which is provided with a smoke inlet port 2341 and a smoke outlet port 2342 communicating with the inner cavity thereof; the smoke inlet port 2303 of the first liquid treatment tank 2301 is connected to the smoke outlet port 2342 of the Nth buffer tank 234, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Figure 27 As shown, the smoke treatment unit 22 includes a buffer device, a liquid treatment device 230, and an ignition device 2210, the buffer device is arranged at the front end of the liquid treatment device 230, and the ignition device 2210 is arranged at the rear end of the liquid treatment device 230. In other embodiments, the buffer device can also be arranged at the front end of the ignition device 2210.

[0235] In the above buffer device, the number of buffer tanks 234 can be set according to the number and requirements of the large-capacity battery assembly 11. If there are multiple buffer tanks 234, the multiple buffer tanks 234 can be connected in series through the connecting pipeline 2302. The shape of the buffer tank 234 is not limited, which can be a rectangular tank, a circular tank, an oval tank, etc., and the circular tank is the best choice, which has good pressure-bearing performance.

[0236] The number of buffer tanks 234 in the present embodiment is one, which is an empty tank body without filling materials, and is arranged between the smoke converging pipe and the smoke treatment unit 22, mainly having the following functions:

[0237] First, buffering the thermal runaway smoke;

[0238] The buffer tank 234 is arranged in front of the smoke treatment unit 22, which buffers the thermal runaway smoke, slows down the speed of the thermal runaway smoke, and reduces the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the liquid treatment tank 2301 or the ignition device 2210 at a relatively stable flow rate. The liquid treatment medium can be more fully treated, or when the thermal runaway smoke is ignited by the ignition device 2210, the combustion flame is relatively stable, avoiding the defect that the thermal runaway smoke with a large instantaneous pressure rapidly passes through the liquid treatment medium, and the thermal runaway smoke cannot be fully treated, thereby improving the treatment effect of the liquid treatment medium;

[0239] Second, collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke;

[0240] The large-capacity battery assembly 11 with the shared chamber has a certain amount of free electrolyte. When the large-capacity battery assembly 11 thermally runs away, the free electrolyte is ejected along with the thermal runaway smoke. In particular, when the explosion relief zone is set at the bottom of the shell 121, almost all of the free electrolyte in the shared chamber is ejected along with the thermal runaway smoke. A buffer tank 234 is set in front of the liquid treatment device 230. The buffer tank 234 buffers the thermal runaway smoke and performs gas-liquid separation on the thermal runaway smoke, so that the electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway smoke is collected in the buffer tank 234, thereby reducing the amount of liquid treatment medium used in the subsequent liquid treatment device 230.

[0241] When the large-capacity battery assembly 11 experiences thermal runaway, almost all the free electrolyte inside the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is ejected along with the thermal runaway flue gas, and the electrolyte is ignited together with the combustible gas. At this time, the liquid electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas may cause flame sputtering and other hazards when burning. At the same time, when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas and the combustible gas participate in the combustion at the same time, generating a large amount of combustion flames. The large amount of combustion flames may affect the devices near the ignition device 2210, posing certain safety hazards. A buffer tank 234 is provided in front of the ignition device 2210. The buffer tank 234 not only buffers the thermal runaway flue gas but also performs gas-liquid separation on the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas is collected in the buffer tank 234. This not only prevents the vaporized electrolyte from further decomposing to produce combustible gas, thereby reducing the amount of combustible gas, but also, when the thermal runaway flue gas is subsequently ignited, only the combustible gas burns (the electrolyte has been collected by the buffer tank 234), so that the flame size of the flame when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited is reduced, thereby reducing safety hazards to the surrounding environment.

[0242] Third, remove impurities from thermal runaway flue gas;

[0243] When thermal runaway occurs in the large-capacity battery assembly 11, the temperature inside each single battery 122 is approximately between 140°C and 850°C. At this temperature, the easily fusible parts such as the diaphragm, plastic film, and plastic parts inside the single battery 122 are melted by the high temperature. The above molten substances are ejected from the battery cavity along with the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas. During the process of flowing through the flue gas manifold to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device at the rear, as the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas decreases, the molten substances gradually solidify and agglomerate, which can easily block the pipelines in the flue gas treatment unit 22. At this time, after adding the above-mentioned buffer tank 234, the molten substances and other impurities discharged with the thermal runaway flue gas will be deposited and collected in the buffer tank 234 when the thermal runaway flue gas is buffered in the buffer tank 234, thereby avoiding the problem of clogging of subsequent pipelines.

[0244] Fourth, collect the backflushed liquid treatment medium;

[0245] When the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is in thermal runaway, the instant thermal runaway flue gas spouted by the large-capacity battery assembly 11 has a high pressure. The high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas enters the liquid treatment tank 2301 through the flue gas manifold. Since the liquid treatment tank 2301 is filled with liquid treatment medium and is provided with a shunt 2307, the thermal runaway flue gas cannot be discharged from the liquid treatment tank 2301 in time, and pressure build-up occurs in the liquid treatment tank 2301. At this time, the following phenomena may occur: the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301 is back-flushed by the high-pressure gas in the liquid treatment tank 2301 into the flue gas manifold, the flue gas manifold is blocked, and the subsequent generated thermal runaway flue gas cannot be smoothly discharged into the liquid treatment tank 2301 through the flue gas manifold.

[0246] A buffer tank 234 is added in front of the liquid treatment tank 2301. When the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank 2301 is back-flushed, the liquid treatment medium is back-flushed and collected in the buffer tank 234 in front, and cannot flow into the flue gas manifold, thereby avoiding the problem of blockage of the flue gas manifold, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be smoothly discharged into the liquid treatment device 230 for treatment.

[0247] As shown in Figure 27 The buffer tank 234 is provided with an inlet smoke port 2341 and an outlet smoke port 2342 which communicate with the inner cavity of the buffer tank 234. The inlet smoke port 2341 is mainly used for connecting with the flue gas manifold, and the flue gas manifold delivers the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 into the buffer tank 234. The outlet smoke port 2342 is mainly used for discharging the thermal runaway flue gas in the buffer tank 234. The inlet smoke port 2341 and the outlet smoke port 2342 can be arranged on the side wall of the buffer tank 234 or on the top of the buffer tank 234. In the present embodiment, the inlet smoke port 2341 and the outlet smoke port 2342 are arranged on the top of the buffer tank 234. The inlet smoke port 2341 is arranged on the top of the buffer tank 234, which can make the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas deposit on the bottom of the buffer tank 234 under the action of gravity, and the liquid in the buffer tank 234 is difficult to be squeezed into the flue gas manifold in front through the inlet smoke port 2341 on the top. The outlet smoke port 2342 is arranged on the top of the buffer tank 234, which can make the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas not be discharged smoothly, and the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas can be discharged smoothly from the buffer tank 234.

[0248] In addition, a liquid discharge valve can be arranged on the bottom of the buffer tank 234 to timely discharge the liquid in the buffer tank 234. In order to facilitate the standardization and integration of the energy storage equipment, the buffer tank 234 can have a similar structure to the liquid treatment tank 2301.

[0249] Reference Figure 27The flue gas treatment system of the embodiment can further include at least one safety device (each safety device including a safety pipeline 2220 and a safety discharge part 2230).

[0250] If the flue gas treatment system does not include a safety device, the following problems can exist:

[0251] First, if multiple large-capacity battery assemblies 11 simultaneously experience thermal runaway, the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas can be too large, which can cause the pressure relief part (i.e., the pressure relief membrane in the pressure relief pipe assembly 335) of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 to open in the reverse direction, affecting the large-capacity battery assemblies 11 that do not experience thermal runaway, generating a safety hazard, or damaging the seal at the connection of the flue gas manifold, causing the flue gas manifold to leak and generating a safety hazard.

[0252] Second, because the liquid treatment tank 2301 is filled with a liquid treatment medium and includes a shunt part 2307, the thermal runaway flue gas cannot be discharged from the liquid treatment tank 2301 in a timely manner, and the thermal runaway flue gas is accumulated and pressurized in the flue gas manifold. When the pressure is too large, the pressure relief part (i.e., the pressure relief membrane in the pressure relief pipe assembly 335) of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 can open in the reverse direction, affecting the large-capacity battery assemblies 11 that do not experience thermal runaway, generating a safety hazard, or damaging the seal at the connection of the flue gas manifold, causing the flue gas manifold to leak and generating a safety hazard.

[0253] Based on this, the energy storage device of the embodiment can further include at least one safety device. When the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas in the flue gas manifold is too large, the safety device can discharge the thermal runaway flue gas through the safety device to avoid the safety hazard caused by the excessive pressure of the flue gas manifold, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0254] As Figure 27As shown, each safety device includes a safety pipe 2220 and a safety discharge part 2230; the inlet of the safety pipe 2220 is in communication with the flue gas manifold or the buffer tank 234, and the outlet is in communication with the external environment, or the outlet of the safety pipe 2220 is connected with the flue gas outlet 2304 of the Mth liquid treatment tank 2301, or the outlet of the safety pipe 2220 is connected with the flue gas outlet 2304 of the last solid treatment tank 231, or the outlet of the safety pipe 2220 is in communication with the flue gas pipe 2321 of the ignition device 2210. The safety discharge part 2230 is arranged on the safety pipe 2220, and the opening pressure thereof is less than the opening pressure of the explosion relief membrane in the explosion relief pipe assembly 335 of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 (the explosion relief pipe assembly 335 is the explosion relief part of the large-capacity battery assembly 11). The safety device is used to discharge the thermal runaway flue gas from the safety pipe 2220 when the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas in the flue gas manifold is too large to cause a safety hazard, so as to avoid the influence of the thermal runaway flue gas on the large-capacity battery that does not occur thermal runaway, or the influence on the sealing property of the flue gas manifold connection, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage equipment in use.

[0255] The safety discharge part 2230 can be implemented in the following structures: first, an explosion relief membrane or an explosion relief valve is used; the explosion relief membrane or the explosion relief valve is arranged on the safety pipe 2220; second, a safety valve is used, which can be opened at a set pressure; the safety valve can be a pressure valve, which can be automatically opened at a certain pressure; the pressure valve has a set opening threshold, and when the pressure in the flue gas manifold exceeds the threshold, the pressure valve is automatically opened, which has high reliability, and in addition, the safety valve is convenient to install; third, a pressure measuring device and a control valve are used; the pressure measuring device is used to monitor the pressure of the gas in the flue gas manifold, and the control valve is opened when the pressure of the gas in the flue gas manifold exceeds the threshold; the pressure measuring device can be a pressure sensor, and the control valve is an electromagnetic valve, which is signal-connected with the pressure measuring device; the pressure measuring device controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve according to the pressure in the flue gas manifold.

[0256] In combination with Figure 21 and Figure 28 , the fire safety system 2 of the embodiment can further include a secondary fire unit 021, which mainly includes a fire extinguishing device 24 and a fire pipe 25; the fire extinguishing device 24 stores fire extinguishing substances, and the fire pipe 25 is used to deliver the fire extinguishing substances in the fire extinguishing device 24 into the box of the energy storage equipment. The inlet of the fire pipe 25 is connected with the fire extinguishing device 24, and the outlet is arranged in the box of the energy storage equipment.

[0257] In this embodiment, at least one fire extinguishing agent nozzle is provided on the fire-fighting pipeline 25, and the fire extinguishing agent nozzle is provided on the top of the box body of the energy storage device. The fire extinguishing agent nozzle is used to spray the fire extinguishing material to ensure that the fire extinguishing material can cover all large-capacity battery assemblies 11. A certain amount of fire extinguishing material is stored in the above-mentioned fire-fighting device 24, and the fire-fighting material is specifically perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane, aerosol, water, etc. At the same time, a control valve is provided at the outlet of the fire-fighting device 24, and the control valve is activated by the BMS or by a sensor provided in the box body of the energy storage device. When activated by the sensor, the sensor includes at least two of a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, and a smoke detector. The above-mentioned sensor monitors the environment in the box body of the energy storage device in real time and opens the control valve according to the detection data.

[0258] When a large-capacity battery assembly 11 experiences thermal runaway, the first-level fire-fighting unit 020 can be used to draw out and process the thermal runaway smoke from the thermal runaway battery, preventing its heat from spreading. This prevents the thermal runaway of individual large-capacity battery assemblies 11 from causing other batteries or even the entire energy storage device to explode due to thermal diffusion. At the same time, it can also prevent the dangerous accumulation of high-temperature and high-pressure gases in a confined space. When thermal runaway smoke exists in the box of the energy storage device, the second-level fire-fighting unit 021 is activated to spray fire-extinguishing materials on the thermal runaway smoke and burning and exploding batteries in the box of the energy storage device, further preventing the continued occurrence of thermal runaway. The above-mentioned first-level fire-fighting unit 020 and second-level fire-fighting unit 021 can cool down and extinguish the thermal runaway battery according to the situation, greatly improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0259] Combine Figure 21 He Ru Figure 28 The fire safety system 2 of this embodiment may also include a tertiary firefighting unit 022. Tertiary firefighting unit 022 includes a fire sprinkler line 26 and at least one water mist nozzle 27 mounted on the fire sprinkler line 26. The fire sprinkler line 26 has an inlet for connecting to an external fire hose, and the water mist nozzle 27 is mounted on the top of the energy storage device housing. This fire sprinkler line 26 can cooperate with the secondary firefighting unit 021 to extinguish a fire in multiple large-capacity battery assemblies 11 when thermal runaway occurs and a large fire occurs. Alternatively, after the fire extinguishing agent in the secondary firefighting unit 021 is consumed, the tertiary firefighting unit 022 is activated to continue extinguishing the large-capacity battery assemblies 11, further enhancing the safety of the entire energy storage device. In other embodiments, the fire safety system 2 may not include the tertiary firefighting unit 022. Alternatively, when the fire extinguishing agent in the secondary firefighting unit 021 is water, the tertiary firefighting unit 022 is a fire water connector mounted on the firefighting line 25 for connecting to an external fire hose.

[0260] The working principle of the fire safety system 2 is as follows:

[0261] When the large-capacity battery assembly 11 in the box of the energy storage device is working normally, the first fire extinguishing unit 020, the second fire extinguishing unit 021 and the third fire extinguishing unit 022 do not work. When a certain large-capacity battery assembly 11 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is transported to the smoke treatment unit 22 through the smoke busbar for treatment. When the smoke busbar leaks or the smoke treatment device fails, there is thermal runaway smoke in the box of the energy storage device, or the large-capacity battery assembly 11 is on fire or explodes, the second fire extinguishing unit 021 is started, and the fire extinguishing device 24 sprays the fire extinguishing substance through the fire extinguishing pipeline 25. The fire extinguishing substance prevents the thermal runaway smoke from causing a fire or the fire extinguishing substance extinguishes the fire of the battery that has burned or exploded. If the fire cannot be controlled after the second fire extinguishing unit 021 is started, the third fire extinguishing unit 022 is connected to the external fire extinguishing water, and the water mist nozzle 27 is used to extinguish the fire of the large-capacity battery assembly 11. When multiple large-capacity battery assemblies 11 are in thermal runaway at the same time and the burning fire is large, the second fire extinguishing unit 021 and the third fire extinguishing unit 022 are started at the same time to start the fire extinguishing.

[0262] It should be noted that when the second fire extinguishing unit 021 and the third fire extinguishing unit 022 are started, the ignition device 2210 in the first fire extinguishing unit 020 does not work.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: including a fire safety system and at least one battery pack assembly; The fire safety system includes a first-level fire protection unit, which includes a smoke manifold and a smoke treatment unit. The smoke manifold is used to transport the thermal runaway smoke generated by each battery pack assembly to the smoke treatment unit, which is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke. Each battery pack assembly includes an explosion venting manifold and at least one large-capacity battery assembly; each large-capacity battery assembly includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; The high-capacity battery includes a housing and multiple single cells; the multiple single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x-direction, and the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber and an explosion relief tube assembly connected to the at least one shared chamber; the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells; the top plate of the housing is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes, and the area of ​​the housing top plate corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed to the outer shell of the single cell; a heat exchange device is provided on the top of the housing, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a flow cavity for the insulating heat transfer medium; in the z-direction, the polarity terminals extend through the heat exchange device, and part of the structure of the polarity terminals is located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, directly contacting the insulating heat transfer medium; Another part of the polarity terminal structure is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection portion, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed from the heat exchange device; The explosion venting manifold is connected to the explosion venting pipe assembly of each large-capacity battery, and the outlet end of the explosion venting manifold is connected to the flue gas manifold.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes a heat exchange pipe fitting; the heat exchange pipe fitting includes a pipe body, wherein a first channel and at least one row of second channel units are provided in the pipe body; the first channel extends along the x-direction and serves as a flow cavity for an insulating heat transfer medium; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged along the x-direction, each second channel extending along the z-direction and penetrating the first channel; Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds one-to-one to a polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery located on the same side; Each polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal extends out of the second channel; The first and second ports of the second channel are sealed from the side walls of the corresponding polarity terminals.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure, which is used to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal; the portion of the polarity terminal where the functional structure is provided is located in the first channel.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first insulating sealant layer is provided between each single cell polarity terminal and the corresponding avoidance hole, so as to achieve fixed sealing between the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance hole and the outer shell of the single cell.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery assembly also includes a second insulating sealant layer; the second insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery and cooperates with the first sealant layer to wrap the heat exchange device.

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment unit includes at least one of a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, a flue gas cooling device, and an ignition device; The liquid treatment device is mainly used to treat the electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas; The flue gas cooling device is mainly used to cool the flue gas that has thermal runaway; The solid treatment device is mainly used to adsorb gases in thermal runaway flue gas; The ignition device is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment unit includes a liquid treatment device, which includes M liquid treatment tanks, each of which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet. The first to M-1 liquid treatment tanks are filled with liquid treatment medium, and the Mth liquid treatment tank is an empty tank, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment unit also includes an ignition device; the ignition device is connected to the flue gas outlet of the Mth liquid treatment tank and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the liquid treatment device.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid treatment medium is an alkaline solution, and the alkaline solution is a 0.05-0.5 mol / L NaOH solution.

11. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first-level fire-fighting unit also includes a buffer device, which includes at least one buffer tank. The buffer tank is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet connected to its inner cavity. The buffer device is arranged between the smoke manifold and the smoke treatment unit, and is used to buffer the thermal runaway smoke.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first-level fire protection unit also includes a safety device, which includes a safety pipeline and a safety discharge part; the inlet of each safety pipeline is connected to the smoke manifold or buffer tank, and the outlet of the safety pipeline is connected to the external environment; the safety discharge part is arranged on the safety pipeline, and its opening pressure is less than the opening pressure of the large-capacity battery explosion relief part.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The flue gas manifold includes a primary manifold and a secondary manifold. The primary manifold is connected to the outlet end of the battery pack assembly explosion relief manifold, and the secondary manifold is connected to each primary manifold to centrally transport the thermal runaway flue gas in each primary manifold to the flue gas treatment unit.

14. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fire safety system also includes a secondary fire unit, which includes a fire device and a fire pipeline; the fire device contains fire extinguishing substances, and the fire pipeline is used to transport the fire extinguishing substances in the fire device to the box of the energy storage device.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The fire safety system also includes a three-level fire unit, which includes a fire water sprinkler pipeline and at least one water mist nozzle arranged on the fire water sprinkler pipeline. The inlet of the fire water sprinkler pipeline is used to be connected to an external fire water pipe.

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