Sliding block fishing spear

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sliding block fishing spear, which is used for fishing a fish in an oil well sleeve and comprises a spear rod, a sliding block and a sliding block, the sliding block is slidably connected to the inclined face of the periphery of the bottom of the spear rod. The sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the spear rod in a sleeving mode, and at least one section of the sleeve covers the sliding range of the sliding block in the axial direction of the spear rod; the sliding block and the bottom of the spear rod are inserted into a fish head of a fish, and the sleeve surrounds the periphery of the fish head to limit deformation of the fish head in the radial direction of the spear rod. After a fish head is captured, the sleeve wraps the top of the fish to prevent the pipe body at the slide block buckle making part from being expanded continuously, and the phenomenon that the fish fishing part is cracked and broken by the slide block is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the downhole workover operation fishing tool technical field of petroleum industry, in particular to a sliding block fishing spear. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sliding block fishing spear is a commonly used internal fishing tool in workover, which can fish the dropped object with an internal hole, and the most common and effective tool for fishing the dropped object of pipe type is the sliding block fishing spear, but the sliding block fishing spear also has obvious shortcomings, when the dropped object in the well has the phenomenon of being stuck and needs to be pulled with large load, the sliding block fishing spear is easy to expand and break the fish head or tear the fish head due to the small area of the sliding block, which leads to the fishing failure or only a section of the dropped object above the sliding block can be fished, and the shortcomings are particularly prominent when the oil pipe is corroded seriously after being in the well for a long time.

[0003] The utility model with publication number CN205135504U discloses an adjustable limiting sliding block fishing spear, which comprises a joint, a spear shaft connected to the lower part of the joint, a sliding block connected to the spear shaft, a spare cap and a large nut connected to the spear shaft in sequence from top to bottom through threads, and the spare cap and the large nut are located on the upper part of the sliding block. By adjusting the position of the large nut in the axial direction of the spear shaft, the length of the spear shaft below the large nut can be limited, so that after the spear shaft below the large nut is inserted into the internal cavity of the fish head, the sliding block is just clamped on the lower joint part of the packer, the lower joint part of the packer is thick and will not be deformed, so it can bear very large tension, and the fish is not easy to be broken or torn by the spear shaft.

[0004] However, the adjustable limiting sliding block fishing spear can only deal with the fish with a packer, the use scene is single, and the fish is easy to be corroded in the harsh environment in the well for a long time, even if the sliding block acts on the lower joint of the packer of the fish, there is still a risk of expanding and tearing the lower joint of the packer. Therefore, it is necessary to improve or develop a sliding block fishing spear to solve the problem that the fish head of the dropped object is easy to be expanded and torn by the sliding block. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a sliding block fishing spear which can solve the problem that the fish head of the dropped object is easy to be expanded and torn by the sliding block.

[0006] The utility model provides a sliding block fishing spear for fishing the fish in the sleeve of an oil well, which comprises a spear shaft, a sliding block and a sleeve, the bottom of the spear shaft can be inserted into the fish head of the fish, the sliding block is connected to the inclined surface on the outer periphery of the bottom of the spear shaft in a sliding mode, and the sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spear shaft, and at least one section of the sleeve covers the sliding range of the sliding block in the axial direction of the spear shaft, the sliding block is inserted into the fish head of the fish together with the bottom of the spear shaft, and the sleeve is wrapped around the outer periphery of the fish head to limit the deformation of the fish head in the radial direction of the spear shaft.

[0007] In one embodiment, the sleeve pipe comprises a first extension section and a second extension section arranged in sequence along the axial direction and downward direction, the pipe wall thickness of the second extension section is greater than that of the first extension section, and the second extension section covers the sliding range of the sliding block in the axial direction of the spear.

[0008] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the first extension section is equal to that of the second extension section, and the outer diameter of the second extension section is greater than that of the first extension section, so as to form a hitting step at the top of the second extension section.

[0009] In one embodiment, the bottom of the sleeve pipe is provided with a guide part, and the inner diameter of the guide part gradually decreases in the axial direction and upward direction of the sleeve pipe.

[0010] In one embodiment, the sliding block spear further comprises a guide pipe, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve pipe and forms a guide cavity with a preset length at the bottom of the sleeve pipe, so as to guide the fallen fish into the inside of the sleeve pipe.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sliding block spear further comprises a first limiting part, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the guide pipe and blocks the sleeve pipe below.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first limiting part comprises a limiting ring, the bottom of the limiting ring is configured in a horn mouth shape with a gradually decreasing inner diameter, and the minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sliding block spear further comprises a second limiting part, which is arranged above the sleeve pipe and fixedly connected to the spear, and blocks the sleeve pipe above.

[0014] In one embodiment, the distance between the first limiting part and the second limiting part is greater than the length of the sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe can move between the first limiting part and the second limiting part relative to the spear.

[0015] In one embodiment, the bottom of the guide pipe is provided with a hooking shoe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, when the sliding block spear encounters a severely stuck and severely corroded pipe during fishing construction, the sliding block at the bottom of the spear and the spear are simultaneously inserted into the inner cavity of the fish head, the sleeve pipe is wrapped around the outer periphery of the fish head, the sliding block is tightly clamped on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the fish head when the spear is lifted upward, and the sliding block moves downward relative to the spear as the spear continues to be lifted upward, the radial thickness of the sliding block at the position gradually increases, the radial force exerted by the sliding block and the spear on the fish head increases, and the sleeve pipe wrapped outside the fish head prevents the pipe body at the sliding block from being continuously expanded, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the fishing position of the fish is expanded and torn by the sliding block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The utility model will be described in further detail below based on the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is the profile schematic view of the sliding block spear of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Reference signs:

[0020] 11, drill pipe joint; 12, spear rod joint; 2, sleeve; 21, first extension section; 22, second extension section; 221, hit step; 3, guide pipe; 31, hook shoe; 4, limiting ring; 5, spear rod; 51, sliding block. Specific implementation

[0021] The utility model will be described in further detail below based on the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0022] Referring to Figure 1 , the embodiment provides a sliding block spear for fishing fish falling in the oil well sleeve, and is particularly used for solving the problem that the fish top of falling object is easily expanded and broken or torn by the sliding block.

[0023] The slide spear includes a drill pipe joint 11, a spear joint 12, a sleeve 2, a guide pipe 3, a limiting ring 4 and a spear 5. The upper part of the drill pipe joint 11 is provided with a female thread for connecting with a drill tool. The middle part of the drill pipe joint 11 is provided with a male thread matched with a female thread at the top of the guide pipe 3. The lower part of the drill pipe joint 11 is provided with a male thread connected with a female thread at the top of the spear joint 12. The lower part of the spear joint 12 is provided with a female thread connected with a male thread at the top of the spear 5. The top of the spear joint 12 is detachably connected with the lower part of the drill pipe joint 11 through the matching of the male and female threads. The top of the spear 5 is detachably connected with the lower part of the spear joint 12 through the matching of the male and female threads. The guide pipe 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spear joint 12 and the spear 5. The top of the guide pipe 3 is detachably connected with the middle part of the drill pipe joint 11 through the matching of the male and female threads. The bottom of the guide pipe 3 extends downwards and beyond the bottom of the sleeve 2 by a preset distance to form a guide cavity of a certain length below the sleeve 2 to guide the fish head into the sleeve 2. The limiting ring 4 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the guide cavity and is located at a distance below the spear 5. The bottom of the limiting ring 4 is configured in a horn mouth shape with a smaller inner diameter at the top and a larger inner diameter at the bottom. The minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring 4 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve 2. The limiting ring 4 configured in the horn mouth shape can more smoothly guide the fish head into the sleeve 2. The sleeve 2 surrounds the outer periphery of the spear 5 and is located inside the guide pipe 3. A certain distance is left between the inner wall of the sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the spear 5, and a certain distance is left between the outer wall of the sleeve 2 and the inner wall of the guide pipe 3. The distance value between the bottom of the spear joint 12 and the top of the limiting ring 4 is greater than the length value of the sleeve 2. The sleeve 2 can move downwards or upwards in the axial direction relative to the spear 5 to have a certain buffer space when the sleeve 2 cooperates with the fish head. The bottom surface of the spear joint 12 limits and blocks the sleeve 2 above the sleeve 2. The limiting ring 4 limits and blocks the sleeve 2 below the sleeve 2. A lateral through water hole is processed on the sidewall of the composite joint at a threadless position. The water hole is divided into three levels according to the passage diameter. The diameter of the middle thread segment is greater than the diameter of the water hole segment close to the inner side of the pipe wall and smaller than the diameter of the sealing segment close to the outer side of the pipe wall. A threaded plug with a sealing packing is matched with the thread of the middle segment of the water hole. Whether the threaded plug is installed or not can be determined according to the specific construction needs to realize the closing or opening of the lateral water hole. The spear 5 is provided with a water hole penetrating the axial direction. The water hole of the spear 5 is in communication with the water hole of the composite joint.

[0024] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the limiting ring 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 3. The limiting ring 4 is placed in the lower part of the guide pipe 3 and is welded and fixed.

[0025] The bottom of the lance 5 can be inserted into the top of the fish; the sliding block 51 is slidingly connected to the inclined surface on the outer periphery of the bottom of the lance. The inner diameter of the sleeve 2 is 3-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the fish top in the well; the lower part of the sleeve 2 covers the sliding range of the sliding block 51 in the axial direction of the lance 5; the sliding block 51 and the bottom of the lance 5 can be simultaneously inserted into the fish head and tightly engaged with the fish head, the sleeve 2 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the fish head, when the lance 5 is lifted up, the sliding block 51 moves downward relative to the lance 5, the sliding block 51 expands the fish head along its radial direction in the inner cavity of the fish head, the expanded fish head has a larger outer diameter and abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 traps the fish head on the outer periphery of the fish head to prevent the fish head from being cracked or broken by the sliding block 51 and the lance 5.

[0026] Further, the sleeve 2 comprises a first extension section 21 and a second extension section 22 which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction and in the downward direction, the outer diameter of the second extension section 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the first extension section 21 and smaller than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 3 by 3 mm, and the outer diameter of the second extension section 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 4 to form a limiting fit, the inner diameter of the first extension section 21 is equal to the inner diameter of the second extension section 22, and the second extension section 22 covers the sliding range of the sliding block 51 in the axial direction of the lance 5 to ensure that the second extension section 22 covers the fish head expanded by the sliding block 51.

[0027] The second extension section 22 protrudes from the outer periphery of the first extension section 21 in the radial direction of the sleeve 2 to form an annular striking step 221 on the top of the second extension section 22. After the fish is lifted from the well by the sliding block lance of the present embodiment, the guide pipe 3 is first removed, and then a hammer or other tool is used to strike the striking step 221 to remove the sleeve 2 from the fish head in a direction away from the drill pipe joint 11. Of course, if the sleeve 2 cannot be removed from the fish head, a cutting tool can also be used to damage the sleeve to expose the fish head and remove it from the lance 5.

[0028] In some embodiments, the sleeve 2 can be processed with a vertical opening extending in the axial direction thereof to facilitate splitting the sleeve 2 from the vertical opening when the sleeve 2 cannot be detached from the fish head.

[0029] Further, the bottom of the second extension section 22 is processed with a guide portion whose inner diameter gradually decreases in the axial direction of the sleeve and in the upward direction, the bottom of the guide pipe 3 is configured as a hooking guide shoe 31, and the hooking guide shoe 31, the limiting ring 4 and the guide portion are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the lance 5 and in the upward direction, the sequentially arranged hooking guide shoe 31, limiting ring 4 and guide portion play a certain guiding role for the fish head, and the sleeve 2 is more easily sleeved on the fish head.

[0030] When fishing operation is carried out: the fishing spear of the sliding block is lowered to the position 1-2m away from the fish head, then the drilling tool is slowly lowered while rotating, the fish is guided into the guide pipe 3 by the hook guiding shoe 31 at the lower end of the guide pipe 3, then enters the limiting ring 4 and the casing 2 in turn, and the spear rod 5 of the fishing spear is inserted into the inner cavity of the fish head, the drilling tool is continuously lowered, the suspended weight is lowered, which indicates that the fishing spear collar has been pressed on the fish head, the drilling tool is tried to be pulled out, the suspended weight is increased, which indicates that the fish is caught, when the fallen object is stuck and needs to be unblocked under large load, the pipe body at the buckle of the sliding block 51 will be expanded with the increase of the pulling load, at this time, the casing 2 wrapped outside the fish head will prevent the pipe body at the buckle of the sliding block 51 from being continuously expanded, which avoids the phenomenon that the fishing position of the fish is expanded and broken by the sliding block 51, creates the condition of unblocking under large load during the fishing operation of the fallen object in the well, increases the feasibility of unblocking and pulling out the stuck pipe column, greatly improves the fishing efficiency.

[0031] Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and equivalent components can be substituted for the components thereof. In particular, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slickline fishing spear for fishing fish down a well, characterised in that, The application relates to a fish hooking spear, which comprises a spear rod, a sliding block, and a sleeve. The bottom of the spear rod can be inserted into the head of a fallen fish. The sliding block is connected to the inclined surface of the bottom of the spear rod. The sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spear rod, and at least one section of the sleeve covers the sliding range of the sliding block in the axial direction of the spear rod. The sliding block is inserted into the head of the fallen fish together with the bottom of the spear rod, and the sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the head of the fallen fish to limit the deformation of the head of the fallen fish in the radial direction of the spear rod. The fish hooking spear further comprises a guide tube, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve and forms a guide cavity with a preset length at the bottom of the sleeve to guide the fallen fish into the sleeve. The sleeve comprises a first extension section and a second extension section arranged in sequence in the axial direction and in the downward direction, the wall thickness of the second extension section is greater than that of the first extension section, and the second extension section covers the sliding range of the sliding block in the axial direction of the spear rod.

2. The skid spear of claim 1, wherein, The inner diameter of the first extension section is equal to that of the second extension section, and the outer diameter of the second extension section is greater than that of the first extension section to form a knocking step at the top of the second extension section.

3. The skid spear of claim 2, wherein, The bottom of the sleeve is provided with a guide part, and the inner diameter of the guide part gradually decreases in the axial direction and in the upward direction.

4. The skid-pole grapnel of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The fish hooking spear further comprises a first limiting part, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the guide tube and blocks the sleeve below the sleeve.

5. The skid-pole grapnel of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first limiting part comprises a limiting ring, the bottom of the limiting ring is configured in a horn mouth shape with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom, and the minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve. The fish hooking spear further comprises a second limiting part, which is arranged above the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the spear rod and blocks the sleeve above the sleeve.

6. The skid spear of claim 5, wherein, The distance between the first limiting part and the second limiting part is greater than the length of the sleeve, and the sleeve can move between the first limiting part and the second limiting part relative to the spear rod.

7. The skid spear of claim 5, wherein, The bottom of the guide tube is provided with a hooking shoe. ​ 8. The skid spear of claim 7, wherein, ​ 9. The skid-pole grapnel of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, ​

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