Biomass high-temperature high-pressure air-assisted crushing combustion device
By setting a high-temperature and high-pressure air-assisted crushing and combustion device in the straw bale combustion device, the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient roller strength of normal temperature crushing are solved, and efficient and low-cost straw combustion is achieved, which is suitable for a variety of heat exchange devices.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422863611.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing straw bale breaking technology has the problems of high crushing power and energy consumption at room temperature, and the bale breaking roller cannot adapt to different sizes of heat exchange devices, resulting in a decrease in mechanical strength.
A biomass high-temperature and high-pressure air-assisted crushing and combustion device is used. A combustion chamber is set at the lower end of the silo as the main combustion area. High-temperature and high-pressure air is used to spray the bag-breaking roller and heat-collecting air distribution pipe to form a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to break up the straw and assist combustion. The main combustion area is placed in front to increase the combustion space and time. The axial direction of the bag-breaking unit is consistent with the movement of the grate to adapt to different sizes of heat exchange devices.
The burnout rate of straw fuel and the thermal efficiency of the heat exchange device are improved, the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced, the device is adaptable to different heat exchange devices, the subsequent fuel consumption pressure is reduced, and the operating cost is low.
Smart Images
Figure CN223460440U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a straw bundle burning technical field especially relates to a kind of high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary broken combustion device of biomass. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of bale straw combustion technology, how effectively bale straw is broken, scattered, so that straw fuel is fully and stably combusted becomes a problem to be solved. The existing broken package technology is mostly referred to the principle and structure of shredder, with broken package roller, broken package sharp is arranged on the outer surface of roller, roller is cooled by air or water, and the scattered straw fuel enters the furnace with grate arranged below the broken package device, and is combusted and then discharged into slag extractor under the action of combustion-supporting air. In addition, the design idea of the prior art is that the broken package device is only responsible for breaking and scattering bale straw, and the main combustion zone of fuel is in the furnace, and the operation and combustion mode of traditional coal-fired boiler and biomass pellet boiler is continued. However, the energy density of straw fuel is different from that of coal and biomass pellet fuel. The energy density of coal of the same volume is 18 times that of straw, and the energy density of biomass pellet fuel of the same volume is 14 times that of straw. If the same effect is to be achieved, the grate area needs to be increased, and the volume of heat exchange device also needs to be increased. Moreover, the arrangement direction of the existing broken package roller is mostly horizontal to the heat exchange device, so that the length of the broken package roller is affected by the width of the heat exchange device. The longer the broken package roller is, the weaker its axial pressure load capacity is. This is because long pipes are more prone to instability, resulting in a decrease in mechanical strength. SUMMARY
[0003] To overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary broken combustion device of biomass to solve the problems of high power consumption at normal temperature, broken package roller that cannot adapt to different sizes of heat exchange devices, etc.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary broken combustion device of biomass, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:
[0005] A high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary broken combustion device of biomass comprises:
[0006] A bunker is arranged at the front end of the grate, and the bunker is provided with a feed inlet at the upper end.
[0007] A combustion chamber is arranged at the lower end of the bunker, and the combustion chamber is provided with an outlet on the side wall close to the heat exchange device.
[0008] The bag breaking device is located at an upper position in the combustion cavity, and is composed of a plurality of bag breaking units, each of which mainly comprises a bag breaking roller and a heat collecting and air distributing pipe. The bag breaking roller and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe is connected to the bag breaking roller, and the bag breaking roller and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe form a communicating air duct. A plurality of hollow spikes in the form of a second air outlet are arranged on the bag breaking roller in a protruding manner and in communication with the bag breaking roller. A plurality of hollow short pipes in the form of a first air outlet are arranged on the heat collecting and air distributing pipe in a protruding manner and in communication with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe.
[0009] The wind box is located below the bunker and is in communication with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe.
[0010] The high-pressure bag breaking blower is connected to the wind box.
[0011] Preferably, the combustion cavity is a main combustion zone, and the side wall is a concrete wrapping film wall structure. The combustion cavity has a certain height for creating a high-temperature environment.
[0012] Preferably, the bunker top end is provided with a bunker water outlet and is located at the front end of the bunker. The bunker bottom end is provided with a bunker water inlet and is close to the fire outlet.
[0013] Preferably, the hollow short pipes are arranged in a tilted manner along the movement direction of the grate, and the first air outlet is directed towards the fire outlet. A plurality of hollow short pipes in communication with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe are arranged in a spaced-apart manner on the lower half of the outer portion of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe, and the hollow short pipes are uniformly distributed in a cross manner. The bag breaking roller is a hollow structure, and the inside is ventilated. A plurality of hollow spikes in communication with the bag breaking roller are arranged in a spaced-apart manner on the surface of the roller barrel in a radial direction, and the hollow spikes are distributed in a cross manner or in a helical manner along the surface of the roller barrel in an axial direction.
[0014] Preferably, the height of the bag breaking roller is slightly higher than the height of the fire outlet, and the height of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe is lower than the height of the fire outlet, so that the bag breaking unit is located in a high-temperature area for forming high-temperature and high-pressure air.
[0015] Preferably, the fire outlet is connected to the heat exchange device through a connecting arch, and the upper portion of the connecting arch is a maintenance space.
[0016] Preferably, the bag breaking unit further comprises a speed reducer and a sealing assembly. One end of the bag breaking roller is connected to the speed reducer through the sealing assembly, and the other end of the bag breaking roller is connected to the heat collecting and air distributing pipe in the maintenance space outside the combustion cavity through the sealing assembly, which facilitates disassembly and maintenance.
[0017] Preferably, the wind box is on the same side of the feeding port, the wind box is provided with a wind box air inlet on the side away from the heat exchange device, the wind box air inlet is arranged in the middle of the wind box and on the line along the central axis of the heat collecting and air distribution pipe; and the high-pressure bale breaking blower is connected with the wind box air inlet.
[0018] Preferably, the bale breaking roller, the hollow spike, the heat collecting and air distribution pipe and the hollow short pipe are made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel.
[0019] Preferably, the axial direction of the bale breaking unit is the direction of the movement of the grate; and a plurality of bale breaking units are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the bunker.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] 1. The combustion chamber at the lower end of the bunker is the main combustion zone, the combustion chamber adopts a concrete wrapped film type wall structure, the concrete has heat storage capacity, a high-temperature environment is created, the concentrated injection of high-temperature and high-pressure air from the second air outlet and the first air outlet twice makes the baled straw more easily scattered and dried, and the unburned fuel falls on the grate and continues to burn under the combustion of the grate air, and this process can consume most of the fuel, thereby relatively reducing the subsequent combustion pressure.
[0022] 2. Since the bunker is arranged at the front end of the grate, the combustion chamber at the lower end of the bunker is the main combustion zone, the main combustion zone is front-mounted, and the space and time for fuel combustion are relatively increased and prolonged, the burnout rate of the fuel is improved, and the heat efficiency of the heat exchange device is improved.
[0023] 3. The bale breaking unit is arranged in the direction of the axial direction of the bale breaking unit, the size of the bale breaking unit is not limited by the width size of the heat exchange device, the number of the bale breaking units is increased or reduced to adapt to different sizes or power sizes of the heat exchange device, the manufacturing difficulty is reduced, standard production is realized, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the application is suitable for universal popularization and industrialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of the combustion device of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of the bale breaking unit of the combustion device of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a top view of the position relationship between the high-pressure bale breaking blower and the wind box of the combustion device of the utility model.
[0027] Mark explanation in the drawing:
[0028] 1, bunker, 2, feed inlet, 3, bale breaking device, 4, wind box, 5, combustion chamber, 6, grate, 7, fire outlet, 8, heat exchange device, 9, high-pressure bale breaking fan, 10, bale breaking roller, 11, hollow spike, 12, heat collecting and air distributing pipe, 13, hollow short pipe, 14, speed reducer, 15, sealing assembly, 16, first air outlet, 17. Second air outlet, 18. Bales breaking unit, 19. Bunker water outlet, 20 bunker water inlet, 21. Maintenance space, 22. Wind box air inlet, 23. Connection arch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the utility model, the utility model of a kind of biomass high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary crushing combustion device is further described in detail below with the drawings.
[0030] Figure 1 The structure of one embodiment of the utility model of a kind of biomass high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary crushing combustion device is shown, as Figure 1 As shown, the biomass high-temperature high-pressure air auxiliary crushing combustion device mainly includes bunker 1, bale breaking device 3 and combustion chamber 5, wherein the bunker 1 is arranged in front of the grate 6 with a membrane wall structure, and is placed on the upper surface of the grate 6, the lower end of the bunker 1 is provided with the combustion chamber 5, the side of the combustion chamber 5 close to the heat exchanger device 8 is provided with the fire outlet 7, the fire outlet 7 is connected with the heat exchange device 8 through the connection arch 23, and the maintenance space 21 is arranged above the connection arch 23. The upper position in the combustion chamber 5 is provided with the bale breaking device 3, the upper side of the bunker 1 away from the heat exchange device 8 is provided with the feed inlet 2, and the lower side of the bunker 1 away from the heat exchange device 8 is externally provided with the wind box 4, and as an optimization, the wind box 4 is on the same side as the feed inlet 2.
[0031] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The bale of straw is sent into the feed inlet 2 by the feeding device, falls into the bale breaking device 3 in the combustion chamber 5 and starts to burn. The bale breaking device 3 includes a plurality of bale breaking units 18, the bale breaking unit 18 includes a speed reducer 14, a sealing assembly 15, a bale breaking roller 10 and a heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12, one end of the bale breaking roller 10 is connected with the speed reducer 14 through the sealing assembly 15, the other end is connected with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 in the maintenance space 21 outside the combustion chamber 5 through the sealing assembly 15, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance; one end of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 is connected with the bale breaking roller 10 through the sealing assembly 15, and the other end is connected with the wind box 4 arranged outside the bunker 1, and the bale breaking roller 10 and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 form a communicating air duct inside.
[0032] Specifically, as Figure 2As shown, the bale breaking roller 10 is arranged in parallel with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12, the bale breaking roller 10 is ventilated, the bale breaking roller 10 is provided with a plurality of hollow spikes 11, one end of the hollow spike 11 is communicated with the bale breaking roller 10, and the other end is the second air outlet 17. The heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of hollow short pipes 13 arranged obliquely along the movement direction of the grate, one end of the hollow short pipe 13 is communicated with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12, and the other end is the first air outlet 16, the first air outlet 16 is directed to the fire exit 7. As preferred, the bale breaking roller 10, the hollow spike 11, the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 and the hollow short pipe 13 are made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel.
[0033] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 As shown, the bale breaking roller 10 is arranged in parallel with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12, the bale breaking roller 10 is ventilated, the bale breaking roller 10 is provided with a plurality of hollow spikes 11, one end of the hollow spike 11 is communicated with the bale breaking roller 10, and the other end is the second air outlet 17. The heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of hollow short pipes 13 arranged obliquely along the movement direction of the grate, one end of the hollow short pipe 13 is communicated with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12, and the other end is the first air outlet 16, the first air outlet 16 is directed to the fire exit 7. As preferred, the bale breaking roller 10, the hollow spike 11, the heat collecting and air distributing pipe 12 and the hollow short pipe 13 are made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel.
[0034] Specifically, the combustion chamber 5 is the main combustion zone, and the main combustion zone is moved forward, so that the straw fuel that is not burned out in the main combustion zone has enough time and space to burn out when it reaches the slag remover, thereby improving the burnout rate of the fuel. As preferred, the side wall of the combustion chamber 5 is a concrete wrapped film type wall structure, the concrete has heat storage capacity and is used to create a high temperature environment, which is conducive to more complete combustion of the fuel in cooperation with the bale breaking device.
[0035] The high-temperature and high-pressure air has the following effects: the high pressure causes physical impact and cutting effect on the baled straw, and the high temperature creates a high-temperature environment in a local area. According to the water content in the baled straw, the ignition point of the straw is generally about 200-300℃, and the baled straw can be rapidly burned in the high-temperature environment, and is more easily scattered and dried under the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure air sprayed from the second air outlet 17, and the combustion-supporting effect of the high-temperature air is better. The ignited and scattered straw fuel falls again and is supported by the high-temperature and high-pressure air sprayed from the first air outlet 16 on the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12, and then is fiercely burned. After the straw fuel is dried and supported by the high-temperature and high-pressure air sprayed twice, the straw fuel that is not burned out falls on the grate 6 and continues to burn under the action of the air on the grate, and thus most of the fuel can be consumed; meanwhile, the concrete side wall of the combustion chamber 5 has heat storage capacity, which provides favorable conditions for creating a continuous high-temperature environment, so that the baling breaking process is always in a high-temperature environment, the difficulty of baling breaking is reduced, most of the fuel can be consumed, the subsequent combustion pressure is reduced, and the fuel burnout rate is improved.
[0036] As preferred, as shown in Figure 1 , the combustion chamber 5 has a certain height, which is adjusted according to the height of the fire outlet 7, and in addition to being used for creating a high-temperature environment, it also allows the baled straw to have enough falling space and time to be easily broken, scattered, dried and supported; the height of the baling breaking roller 10 is slightly higher than the height of the fire outlet 7, and the height of the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12 is lower than the height of the fire outlet 7, so that the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12 is in the high-temperature area, so that the local high-temperature environment is created, and the distance between the baling breaking roller 10 and the fire outlet 7 is not too far, so that the local temperature is not high and the effects of breaking, scattering, drying and supporting cannot be achieved quickly; in addition, the high-pressure air output by the high-pressure baling breaking blower 9 is distributed into the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12 through the air box 4, which can better exchange heat, rapidly increase the temperature of the high-pressure air, and also protect the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12.
[0037] As preferred, as shown in Figure 2 , the hollow spikes 11 are radially arranged around the surface of the baling breaking roller 10 cylinder at equal intervals, each row has a plurality of evenly spaced hollow spikes 11, and the hollow spikes 11 of adjacent two rows are distributed in cross. The hollow spikes 11 can also be distributed in a spiral along the axis of the baling breaking roller 10 cylinder. The hollow short pipes 13 are mainly distributed at the lower half of the outer periphery of the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12, and a plurality of hollow short pipes 13 are evenly and crossly arranged and cover the lower half of the outer periphery of the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12. When the plurality of hollow short pipes 13 are arranged in one row, the hollow short pipes 13 are evenly and crossly arranged along the central axis of the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12, and when the plurality of hollow short pipes 13 are arranged in two rows, the hollow short pipes 13 are evenly and crossly arranged on both sides of the central axis of the heat-collecting air distribution pipe 12. The arrangement mode of the hollow short pipes 13 is adjusted according to the number of rows or the number of hollow short pipes 13, so as to achieve the best drying and supporting effect.
[0038] As preferred, the broken bag rotating roller 10 is communicated with the hollow sharp 11, and the broken bag rotating roller 10 is internally hollow, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure wind passes through the inside of the broken bag rotating roller 10 and is sprayed out from the outside hollow sharp 11.
[0039] As preferred, the silo 1 adopts a membrane wall structure or a water jacket sandwich structure, and is stable in operation.
[0040] As preferred, the axial direction of the broken bag unit is the moving direction of the grate, and the number of the broken bag units can be adjusted according to the power of the heat exchange device; the plurality of broken bag units are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the silo 1, and as preferred, the plurality of broken bag units are evenly arranged at intervals along the width direction of the silo 1; the broken bag unit is a standard part, and is convenient for batch production.
[0041] The combustion device can be used in various conditions, including being matched with a bundled straw direct combustion boiler body, a coal-fired boiler body, a kiln body, a hot blast stove body and the like, and has a lower operation cost than that of a biomass pellet, a briquette and a biomass shaped fuel such as a chip, conforms to the economic principle and is suitable for universal popularization and industrialization.
[0042] The main combustion area is moved forward, the combustion cavity is the main combustion area, the broken bag device is arranged in the combustion cavity, the broken straw fuel is violently combusted under reasonable air distribution, most of the fuel is combusted in the combustion cavity, the subsequent fuel consumption pressure is relatively reduced, the high-temperature environment is beneficial to the broken bag of the subsequent bundled straw, the broken bag efficiency is improved, and the burnout rate of the straw fuel and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange device are improved.
[0043] It can be understood that the utility model is described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art know that various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In addition, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific conditions and materials under the guidance of the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present application belong to the scope protected by the utility model.
Claims
1. A biomass high-temperature high-pressure air-assisted crushing combustion device, characterized by, It includes: The bunker (1) is arranged in front of the grate (6) with a membrane wall structure, and the upper end of the bunker (1) is provided with a feeding port (2); The combustion chamber (5) is located at the lower end of the bunker (1), and the combustion chamber (5) is provided with a fire outlet (7) near the side wall of the heat exchange device (8); The bag breaking device (3) is located in the combustion chamber (5) and is close to the upper position, the bag breaking device (3) is composed of a plurality of bag breaking units (18), the bag breaking unit (18) mainly includes a bag breaking roller (10) and a heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12), the bag breaking roller (10) and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) is connected with the bag breaking roller (10), and the bag breaking roller (10) and the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) form a communicating air duct; a plurality of hollow spikes (11) are arranged on the bag breaking roller (10) and communicate with the bag breaking roller (10), forming a second air outlet (17), and a plurality of hollow short pipes (13) are arranged on the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) and communicate with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12), forming a first air outlet (16); The air bellow (4) is located below the bunker (1) and communicates with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12); The high-pressure bag breaking blower (9) is connected with the air bellow (4).
2. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crushing combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (5) is a main combustion zone, and the side wall is a concrete wrapped membrane wall structure, the combustion chamber (5) has a certain height, which is used for creating a high temperature environment.
3. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crushing combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The top end of the bunker (1) is provided with a bunker water outlet (19) and is located at the front end of the bunker (1), and the bottom end of the bunker (1) is provided with a bunker water inlet (20) and is close to the fire outlet (7).
4. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crushing combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The hollow short pipe (13) is arranged inclined along the movement direction of the grate, and the first air outlet (16) faces the fire outlet (7); A plurality of hollow short pipes (13) are arranged on the outside of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) and communicate with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12), and the hollow short pipes (13) are cross-distributed uniformly; The bag breaking roller (10) is a hollow structure, and the inside is ventilated, a plurality of hollow spikes (11) are arranged on the surface of the cylinder of the bag breaking roller (10) and communicate with the bag breaking roller (10), and the hollow spikes (11) are cross-distributed or spirally distributed along the surface of the cylinder of the bag breaking roller (10).
5. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crushing combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The height of the bag breaking roller (10) is higher than the height of the fire outlet (7), and the height of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) is lower than the height of the fire outlet (7), so that the bag breaking unit is in a high temperature area, and high temperature and high pressure air is formed.
6. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crash combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The fire outlet (7) is connected with the heat exchange device (8) through a connecting arch (23), and the upper part of the connecting arch (23) is a maintenance space (21).
7. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crash combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The broken bag unit further comprises a speed reducer (14) and a sealing assembly (15), one end of the broken bag rotating roller (10) is connected with the speed reducer (14) through the sealing assembly (15), and the other end of the broken bag rotating roller (10) is connected with the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) outside the combustion cavity (5) through the sealing assembly (15), so that the broken bag rotating roller (10) is convenient to disassemble and maintain.
8. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crash combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The air bellow (4) is on the same side of the feeding port (2), and the air bellow (4) is provided with an air bellow air inlet (22) away from the heat exchanging device (8), the air bellow air inlet (22) is arranged in the middle of the air bellow (4) and on the middle axis line of the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12). The high-pressure broken bag blower (9) is connected with the air bellow air inlet (22).
9. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted size reduction and combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The broken bag rotating roller (10), the hollow sharp (11), the heat collecting and air distributing pipe (12) and the hollow short pipe (13) are made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel.
10. The biomass high temperature high pressure air assisted crash combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The axial direction of the broken bag unit (18) is the direction of the grate movement, and a plurality of the broken bag units (18) are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the width direction of the bunker (1).