Garbage combustion device and vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage combustion device which comprises a combustion cavity, at least more than one fixed combustion fire grate is arranged in the combustion cavity, the fixed combustion fire grates are arranged in a step shape, and at least more than one first air blowing pipe connected with external aerodynamic force equipment is arranged on the fixed combustion fire grates. A first blowing hole communicated with the first blowing pipe is formed in the fixed combustion fire grate, and the first blowing hole is used for spraying high-pressure air flow from external pneumatic power equipment so as to blow garbage falling onto the fixed combustion fire grate, so that the garbage can move and fall on the fixed combustion fire grate step by step from top to bottom. The utility model further discloses a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace. The garbage incinerator has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate, large garbage treatment capacity, high combustion efficiency and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model mainly relates to garbage combustion technical field, and specifically to a kind of garbage combustion device and vertical multistage garbage gasification furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] Garbage is pollutant along with human production activity, and a large amount of waste is extremely harmful to the environment, mainly manifested as occupying land, polluting atmosphere, soil and water body, and the harm caused is difficult to recover, and the existing city life garbage disposal technology level is low, and life garbage treatment needs a large amount of funds.

[0003] At present, there are various incineration structures for solving city life garbage, such as reciprocating grate incinerator and pyrolysis gasification incinerator etc.;Relative to the traditional garbage incineration technology, garbage gasification is one of the new technologies of garbage incineration, which makes garbage gasification into combustible gas in the absence of oxygen or hypoxic environment, which more effectively reduces the generation of dioxin relative to the traditional incinerator, and at the same time, relative to the traditional incinerator, the flue gas dust generated by garbage gasification is less and easy to handle.

[0004] However, the existing garbage gasification furnace still has some shortcomings: 1, the existing garbage gasification furnace is mostly small furnace structure, and the garbage treatment capacity is very limited, and the gasification efficiency is not high, and the garbage heating is uneven, and the combustion is insufficient etc.;2, part of garbage gasification furnace adopts movable grate structure, such as Chinese patent application CN202310491714.6 discloses a multi-chamber combined grate type staged gasification combustion furnace, which discloses that the grate group includes movable grate pieces and fixed grate pieces arranged alternately, and the movable grate pieces realize the conveying and stirring of garbage;Although the scheme can solve the problem of garbage accumulation into a group, the movable grate needs complex hydraulic mechanism, transmission mechanism and actuator, and the structure itself is complex, the manufacturing cost is high and the failure is easy to occur, once the failure occurs, the machine needs to be stopped for maintenance, and the operation cost is high;3, there are also some garbage gasification furnaces with fixed grate design in the prior art, such as Chinese patent application CN200820206091.4 discloses a fixed grate, the bottom of the grate is at least two parallel base side pieces, the lower front end of each base side piece is fixed with a support seat, the rear end of the lower part of each base side piece is fixed with a hook, the hook is fixed on the horizontal fixed shaft, the upper surface between the base side pieces is transversely fixed with not less than one support plate, and the upper surface of the support plate is transversely fixed with one or more than one grate unit, which exists the condition that garbage is easy to accumulate when the fixed grate is applied to garbage incinerator, and other auxiliary pushing device is still needed to push the garbage into a group, and the additional pushing device increases the complexity of the structure of the furnace body, which still has problems such as high cost and easy failure. Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to design a garbage gasification furnace with simple structure, low cost, batch garbage treatment and high combustion efficiency. Utility model content

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a vertical multistage garbage gasification furnace which is simple in structure, low in cost, large in garbage processing capacity and high in combustion efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A garbage combustion device, including combustion cavity, at least one more than fixed combustion grate is equipped in the combustion cavity, the fixed combustion grate is arranged in echelon, at least one more than first blowing pipe connected with external pneumatic equipment is equipped on the fixed combustion grate, first blowing hole is opened in the fixed combustion grate and is communicated with first blowing pipe, the first blowing hole is used for spraying high pressure gas flow from external pneumatic equipment to blow garbage falling on the fixed combustion grate, so that garbage can move and fall on the fixed combustion grate from top to bottom.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model: a plurality of fixed combustion grates are provided below the fixed combustion grate, a first ventilation hole is opened in the fixed combustion grate connected with the furnace grate air chamber, and the furnace grate air chamber is connected with external ventilation equipment, so that air enters the furnace grate air chamber through the external ventilation equipment and is sprayed from the first ventilation hole.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model: the first blowing pipe is multiple, is communicated with a plurality of first blowing holes respectively, and a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first blowing pipe is arranged on the first blowing pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model: it further includes a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the external pneumatic equipment and the control valve.

[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model: the fixed combustion grate is provided with a cooling pipe.

[0012] As a further improvement of the utility model: a falling section is formed between adjacent two fixed combustion grates, and a falling baffle is arranged close to the falling section.

[0013] As a further improvement of the utility model: the falling baffle is provided with a second blowing pipe and a second ventilation pipe, and a second blowing hole communicated with the second blowing pipe and a second ventilation hole communicated with the second ventilation pipe are opened in the outer wall of the falling baffle.

[0014] The utility model further discloses a vertical multistage garbage gasification furnace, which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body comprises a feeding hopper, a drying cavity, a pyrolysis gasification cavity and a garbage combustion device as described above from top to bottom.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, a pushing assembly is arranged near the feeding hopper.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, at least one fixed gasification grate is arranged in the drying chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the fixed gasification grate is arranged in a stepped manner, a third blowing pipe connected with an external pneumatic device is arranged on the fixed gasification grate, a third blowing hole connected with the third blowing pipe is arranged on the fixed gasification grate, and the third blowing hole is used for blowing high-pressure gas flow from the external pneumatic device to blow the garbage falling on the fixed gasification grate, so that the garbage can move and fall on the fixed gasification grate from top to bottom step by step.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, gaps are arranged between adjacent fixed gasification grates.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present application, a cooling assembly is arranged on the fixed gasification grate.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of fixed gasification grates form a group, a discharging section is arranged between adjacent two groups of fixed gasification grates, and a discharging baffle is arranged near the discharging section.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present application, a discharging blowing hole is arranged on the discharging baffle.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present application, a material pile detection mechanism is further arranged in the furnace body, the material pile detection mechanism is used for monitoring the garbage on the fixed gasification grate and the fixed combustion grate and feeding the result to the control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the opening and closing of the external pneumatic device.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present application, a slag pushing rod and a slag pit are further arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag pushing rod reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present application, a secondary combustion chamber is further arranged, and an acid removal device is further arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, and the acid removal device is used for spraying acid removal substances into the secondary combustion chamber.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present application, a first channel is arranged between the drying chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber, a second channel is arranged between the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the combustion chamber, and a fourth blowing hole is arranged on the wall of the furnace body opposite to the first channel and the second channel.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The garbage combustion device of the utility model, through setting fixed combustion grate in the combustion cavity in ladder shape, can make the garbage naturally stratify among the multiple layers of ladder, when the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the upper end grate, the garbage is scattered and turned layer by layer, which is more conducive to the uniform heating of garbage; through the first blowing pipe and the first blowing hole, high pressure airflow is blown to move the garbage, replacing the mechanical pushing of traditional reciprocating grate, which not only reduces the wear, jamming, ash accumulation and other failures caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance, but also the air blowing garbage mode can blow off the garbage falling on the grate in time, avoid the garbage accumulation in a certain place affecting the air circulation and combustion effect, improve the uniformity and completeness of combustion, effectively reduce the production of incomplete combustion substances, reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin, reduce the pollution to the environment, and the complete combustion of garbage can also effectively reduce the residual solid waste, reduce the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment.

[0027] 2. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model is divided into a drying cavity, a pyrolysis gasification cavity and a combustion cavity. Through the unique structure of the fixed combustion grate and the fixed gasification grate and the ladder type arrangement, more ladder-shaped grate groups can be arranged in the furnace body, so that the garbage naturally stratifies among the multiple layers of ladder. The height of the furnace body is correspondingly increased, which enhances the natural gravity of the garbage accumulated in the furnace body, making the garbage descend more smoothly. When the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the grate, the garbage is scattered and turned layer by layer, which is more conducive to the uniform heating of garbage. Through the blowing pipe and the blowing hole, high pressure airflow is blown to move the garbage, replacing the mechanical pushing of traditional reciprocating grate. Not only reduces the wear, jamming, ash accumulation and other failures caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0028] 3. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model is provided with a higher discharging section and a falling section. A baffle with air blowing function is arranged near the discharging section and the falling section. The garbage can be scattered when it falls from a high position. The amount of garbage falling can be controlled by the distance between the baffle and the discharging section or the falling section. The garbage can tumble better when it falls, which is conducive to the heating in the next stage. The air blowing function of the baffle also reduces the probability of bridging or jamming during garbage falling.

[0029] 4. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model is provided with a material stacking detection mechanism. The control valve is controlled by the control assembly, so that the garbage can realize step-by-step descent, overall synchronous descent, fixed-point and fixed-quantity descent and other more accurate system controls under high pressure airflow. This is more conducive to the process control of garbage stacking, moving and temperature control in the furnace body.

[0030] 5. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model, garbage is combusted in the combustion cavity, and high-temperature flue gas is continuously generated. Since the pyrolysis gas and the gasification gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification cavity contain a large amount of combustible gas, part of the combustible gas will be discharged with the high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas containing the combustible gas is sent into the secondary combustion chamber through the exhaust pipe to realize secondary combustion and generate electricity or be used as fuel after purification, so that the material residues in the flue gas can be effectively reduced, and energy saving and environmental protection are achieved. The flue gas after secondary combustion can be introduced into the drying cavity or the pyrolysis gasification cavity of the furnace body through the ventilation pipe, so that the high-temperature flue gas after secondary high-temperature combustion can be reused, and the garbage drying and gasification effects are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the garbage combustion device of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the fixed combustion grate of the garbage combustion device of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the drop baffle of the garbage combustion device of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the fixed gasification grate of the vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the utility model.

[0036] LEGEND:

[0037] 1, combustion cavity; 2, fixed combustion grate; 3, external pneumatic power equipment; 4, first air blowing pipe; 5, first air blowing hole; 6, grate air chamber; 7, first ventilation hole; 8, external ventilation equipment; 9, control valve; 10, cooling pipe; 11, drop baffle; 12, second air blowing pipe; 13, second ventilation pipe; 14, second air blowing hole; 15, second ventilation hole; 100, furnace body; 101, feeding hopper; 102, drying cavity; 103, pyrolysis gasification cavity; 104, fixed gasification grate; 105, third air blowing pipe; 106, third air blowing hole; 107, cooling assembly; 108, discharging baffle; 109, discharging air blowing hole; 110, material stacking detection mechanism; 111, slag pushing rod; 112, slag pit; 113, secondary combustion chamber; 114, acid removal device; 115, material pushing assembly; 116, gap; 117, first channel; 118, second channel; 119, fourth air blowing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a garbage combustion device, including a combustion chamber 1, in which at least one fixed combustion grate 2 is provided, and the fixed combustion grate 2 is arranged in a stepped manner. At least one first blowing pipe 4 connected to an external pneumatic device 3 is provided on the fixed combustion grate 2, and a first blowing hole 5 connected to the first blowing pipe 4 is opened on the fixed combustion grate 2. The first blowing hole 5 is used to eject a high-pressure airflow from the external pneumatic device 3 to blow the garbage that falls onto the fixed combustion grate 2, so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed combustion grate 2.

[0044] The garbage combustion device of the embodiment can make the garbage naturally stratify among the multiple layers of the steps by arranging the fixed combustion grate 2 in the combustion chamber 1 in a stepped manner, and when the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the upper end grate, the garbage is scattered and turned layer by layer, which is more conducive to uniform heating of the garbage; the high-pressure air flow is introduced through the first air blowing pipe 4 and the first air blowing hole 5 to blow and move the garbage to replace the mechanical pushing of the traditional reciprocating grate, which not only reduces the wear, jamming, and ash accumulation caused by mechanical movement during the garbage pushing process, improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, and reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance, but also the air blowing garbage mode can blow off the garbage falling on the grate in time, avoid the garbage accumulation in a certain place affecting the air circulation and combustion effect, improve the uniformity and completeness of the combustion, effectively reduce the generation of incomplete combustion substances, reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin, reduce the pollution to the environment, and the complete combustion of the garbage can also effectively reduce the residual solid waste, reduce the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment.

[0045] In the embodiment, the fixed combustion grate 2 is provided below the multiple fixed combustion grates 2, the first ventilation hole 7 is arranged on the fixed combustion grate 2 connected with the grate air chamber 6, the grate air chamber 6 is connected with the external ventilation equipment 8, so that the air enters the grate air chamber 6 through the external ventilation equipment 8 and is sprayed from the first ventilation hole 7. The hot air of a certain temperature introduced into the grate air chamber 6 is sprayed from the first ventilation hole 7 to continuously dry the garbage at the upper end.

[0046] In the embodiment, the first air blowing pipe 4 is a plurality of (not shown in the figure) and is communicated with the multiple first air blowing holes 5 respectively, and the first air blowing pipe 4 is provided with a controllable control valve 9 for opening and closing the first air blowing pipe 4. By arranging the control valve 9 on each first air blowing pipe 4, one external pneumatic power equipment 3 can be connected with multiple first air blowing pipes 4, and independent air blowing control can be realized.

[0047] In the embodiment, the control assembly is further included, and the control assembly is used for controlling the external pneumatic power equipment 3 and the control valve 9.

[0048] In the embodiment, the fixed combustion grate 2 is provided with a cooling pipe 10, and a cooling medium (such as water, cold air, etc.) can be introduced into the cooling pipe 10. Further, in the preferred embodiment, the cooling pipe 10 is a water cooling pipe.

[0049] In this embodiment, the two adjacent fixed combustion grate 2 form a drop section, close to the position of the drop section is provided with drop baffle 11; drop baffle 11 is provided with second blowing pipe 12 and second ventilation pipe 13, the outer wall of drop baffle 11 is provided with second blowing hole 14 communicated with second blowing pipe 12 and second ventilation hole 15 communicated with second ventilation pipe 13. By setting drop baffle 11 with blowing ventilation function near the drop section, the garbage can be scattered when moving down step by step at high position, the size of the distance between drop baffle 11 and drop section can control the falling amount of garbage, which can make the garbage tumble better when falling, which is beneficial to the heat of the next stage. Through the blowing function of drop baffle 11, the probability of bridging or jamming of garbage during falling is also reduced.

[0050] Working principle: when the garbage enters the combustion chamber 1, the garbage falls to the fixed combustion grate 2 in the form of ladder under the action of gravity, the multi-layer ladder can make the garbage stratify naturally, the high-temperature hot air is introduced into the furnace chamber 6 from the first ventilation hole 7 to make the garbage dry continuously at the upper end, the high-pressure gas flow (such as compressed air / compressed flue gas / high-temperature steam, etc.) is introduced from the first blowing pipe 4 by external pneumatic device 3, and is sprayed from the first blowing hole 5, so that the garbage is blown by the high-pressure gas flow in an instant, and falls to the next level. When the garbage is blown by the high-pressure gas flow step by step, the garbage realizes tumbling, scattering and uniform heating between the ladders. When the garbage falls to the drop section, the garbage accumulates at the drop baffle 11 of the drop section, the drop amount of garbage is controlled by the distance between the drop baffle 11 and the drop section, and the high difference of the drop section can make the garbage scatter better when falling. With the gradual descent of the garbage on the fixed combustion grate 2, the garbage is gradually dried, and finally the garbage combustion work is completed.

[0051] Embodiment two

[0052] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , this embodiment discloses a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace, which comprises a furnace body 100, the furnace body 100 comprises at least a feeding hopper 101, a drying chamber 102, a pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and a garbage combustion device as in embodiment one from top to bottom.

[0053] In this embodiment, a pushing assembly 115 is provided near the feeding hopper 101, the garbage enters the furnace body 100 through the feeding hopper 101, and the pushing assembly 115 can reciprocate in the horizontal direction under the action of the driving mechanism to avoid the garbage from being blocked at the feeding hopper 101.

[0054] In the embodiment, at least one fixed gasification grate 104 is arranged in the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103, the fixed gasification grates 104 are arranged in a stepped manner, the fixed gasification grates 104 are provided with a third blowing pipe 105 connected with the external gas power equipment 3, the third blowing pipe 105 is provided with a third blowing hole 106 connected with the third blowing pipe 105, the third blowing hole 106 is used for blowing the high-pressure gas flow from the external gas power equipment 3 to blow the garbage falling on the fixed gasification grates 104, so that the garbage can move on the fixed gasification grates 104 from top to bottom step by step.

[0055] The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace in the embodiment is divided into the drying chamber 102, the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and the combustion chamber 1, through the special structure and the stepped arrangement form of the fixed combustion grates 2 and the fixed gasification grates 104, more stepped grates can be arranged in the furnace body 100, the garbage is naturally layered between the multi-layer steps, the height of the furnace body 100 is increased, the natural gravity of the garbage accumulated in the furnace body 100 is enhanced, and the garbage can be more smoothly lowered step by step; when the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the grates, the garbage is scattered and turned layer by layer, which is more beneficial to uniform heating of the garbage; the high-pressure gas flow is blown through the blowing pipe and the blowing hole to blow the garbage to move, instead of the mechanical pushing of the traditional reciprocating grate; not only the wear, jamming and ash accumulation caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process are reduced, but also the reliability and operation stability of the device are improved, and the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance are reduced.

[0056] In the embodiment, gaps 116 are arranged between the adjacent fixed gasification grates 104, the hot gas generated from the combustion chamber 1 below can pass through the gaps 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104, so that the garbage can be dried and gasified between the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103.

[0057] In the embodiment, the fixed gasification grates 104 are provided with cooling assemblies 107. Cooling medium (such as water, cold air, etc.) can be introduced into the cooling assemblies 107. Further, in the preferred embodiment, the cooling assemblies 107 adopt water cooling pipes.

[0058] In the embodiment, a plurality of fixed gasification furnace rows 104 form a group, and a discharge section is arranged between two adjacent groups of fixed gasification furnace rows 104. A discharge baffle 108 is arranged near the discharge section, and a discharge air blowing hole 109 is formed in the discharge baffle 108. By arranging the discharge baffle 108 with air blowing function near the discharge section, the garbage can be scattered when falling from a high position. The amount of garbage falling can be controlled by the distance between the discharge baffle 108 and the discharge section, so that the garbage can tumble better when falling, which is beneficial to heat in the next stage. The air blowing function of the discharge baffle 108 also reduces the probability of bridging or jamming during garbage falling.

[0059] In the embodiment, a first passage 117 is arranged between the drying cavity 102 and the pyrolysis gasification cavity 103, and a second passage 118 is arranged between the pyrolysis gasification cavity 103 and the combustion cavity 1. A fourth air blowing hole 119 is formed in the wall of the furnace body opposite to the first passage 117 and the second passage 118. By arranging the fourth air blowing hole 119 at the first passage 117 and the second passage 118, and by blowing high-pressure gas into the furnace body 100 through an external fan, the bridging or jamming of garbage at the first passage 117 and the second passage 118 can be effectively avoided.

[0060] In the embodiment, the furnace body 100 further comprises a material pile detection mechanism 110. The material pile detection mechanism 110 is used to monitor the garbage on the fixed gasification furnace row 104 and the fixed combustion furnace row 2, and feed the result to the control assembly. The control assembly controls the opening and closing of the external pneumatic power equipment 3. In the preferred embodiment, the material pile detection mechanism 110 is a camera assembly. The camera assembly captures the garbage pile on the fixed gasification furnace row 104 and the fixed combustion furnace row 2, and feeds the result to the control assembly. The control assembly compares the received picture with the pre-stored picture, and controls the opening and closing of the external pneumatic power equipment 3 according to the comparison result, so as to realize the moving control of garbage, such as fixed-point and fixed-quantity blowing, overall and step-by-step blowing, and sequential blowing.

[0061] In the embodiment, the bottom of the furnace body 100 further comprises a slag pushing rod 111 and a slag pit 112. The slag pushing rod 111 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit 112. When the garbage is completely burned, the slag pushing rod 111 can reciprocate in the horizontal direction to push the slag into the slag pit 112, so as to realize automatic cleaning of the slag and greatly reduce the labor intensity.

[0062] In the embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber 113 is further included, and the acid removing device 114 is further arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 113, and the acid removing device 114 is used for spraying acid removing substances into the secondary combustion chamber 113. The garbage is combusted in the furnace body 100, and high-temperature flue gas is continuously generated. Since the pyrolysis gas and the gasification gas generated by the pyrolysis and gasification cavity 103 contain a large amount of combustible gas, a part of the combustible gas is discharged with the high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas containing the combustible gas is sent into the secondary combustion chamber 113 through the exhaust pipe to realize secondary combustion and generate electricity or is purified and used as fuel, so that the residual substances in the flue gas can be effectively reduced, and energy saving and environmental protection are achieved. The flue gas after secondary combustion can be introduced into the drying cavity 102 or the pyrolysis and gasification cavity 103 of the furnace body 100 through the gas supply pipe arranged, so that the high-temperature flue gas after secondary high-temperature combustion can be reused, and the garbage drying, pyrolysis and gasification effects are improved.

[0063] Working principle: The garbage enters from the feeding hopper 101, and falls onto the fixed gasification grate 104 in a stepped shape under the reciprocating movement of the pushing assembly 115 and the action of the high-pressure gas flow blown out of the third blowing hole 106. The garbage gradually descends between the fixed gasification grates 104, and the garbage realizes tumbling, scattering and uniform heating under the action of the discharging section and the discharging blowing hole 109. Meanwhile, since the gap 116 exists between the fixed gasification grates 104, the hot gas generated from the combustion cavity 1 can pass through the gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104, so that the garbage can realize drying and gasification between the drying cavity 102 and the pyrolysis and gasification cavity 103.

[0064] The residual substances of the garbage after completing the gasification operation fall onto the fixed combustion grate 2 in a stepped shape in the combustion cavity 1, and then move downwards step by step through the high-pressure gas flow sprayed from the first blowing hole 5 on the fixed combustion grate 2 and the air supplied to the grate air chamber 6 by the external ventilation equipment 8, so that the residual substances of the garbage in the combustion cavity 1 realize efficient combustion. The high-temperature flue gas and the hot gas generated by combustion enter the pyrolysis and gasification cavity 103 and the drying cavity 102 from the gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104 along the structure of the furnace body 100 from bottom to top.

[0065] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any technical solution falling within the concept of the present application belongs to the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary technical personnel in the technical field, some improvements and decorations without departing from the principle of the present application are considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste combustion apparatus, characterised in that, The application relates to a garbage combustion device, which comprises a combustion cavity (1) provided with at least one fixed combustion grate (2) arranged in a stepped manner, wherein at least one first blowing pipe (4) connected with external pneumatic equipment (3) is arranged on the fixed combustion grate (2), and a first blowing hole (5) connected with the first blowing pipe (4) is arranged on the fixed combustion grate (2), the first blowing hole (5) is used for spraying high-pressure air flow from the external pneumatic equipment (3) to blow garbage falling on the fixed combustion grate (2) so that the garbage can move and fall on the fixed combustion grate (2) from top to bottom.

2. The waste combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by A plurality of fixed combustion grates (2) are provided with a grate air chamber (6), a first ventilation hole (7) is arranged on the fixed combustion grate (2) connected with the grate air chamber (6), and the grate air chamber (6) is connected with external ventilation equipment (8) so that air enters the grate air chamber (6) through the external ventilation equipment (8) and is sprayed from the first ventilation hole (7).

3. The waste combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The first blowing pipe (4) is a plurality of pipes, and is connected with a plurality of first blowing holes (5) respectively, and a control valve (9) for controlling the opening and closing of the first blowing pipe (4) is arranged on the first blowing pipe (4).

4. The waste combustion apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The application further comprises a control assembly for controlling the external pneumatic equipment (3) and the control valve (9).

5. The waste combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The fixed combustion grate (2) is provided with a cooling pipe (10).

6. The waste combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein Adjacent two fixed combustion grates (2) form a falling section, and a falling baffle (11) is arranged near the falling section.

7. The waste combustion apparatus of claim 6, wherein The falling baffle (11) is provided with a second blowing pipe (12) and a second ventilation pipe (13), and a second blowing hole (14) connected with the second blowing pipe (12) and a second ventilation hole (15) connected with the second ventilation pipe (13) are arranged on the outer wall of the falling baffle (11).

8. A vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace characterized by comprising: The application further comprises a furnace body (100) comprising at least a feeding hopper (101), a drying cavity (102), a pyrolysis gasification cavity (103) and the garbage combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, A pushing assembly (115) is arranged near the feeding hopper (101).

10. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 8, characterized by, The drying cavity (102) and the pyrolysis gasification cavity (103) are provided with at least one fixed gasification grate (104) arranged in a stepped manner, wherein a third blowing pipe (105) connected with the external pneumatic equipment (3) is arranged on the fixed gasification grate (104), and a third blowing hole (106) connected with the third blowing pipe (105) is arranged on the fixed gasification grate (104), the third blowing hole (106) is used for spraying high-pressure air flow from the external pneumatic equipment (3) to blow garbage falling on the fixed gasification grate (104) so that the garbage can move and fall on the fixed gasification grate (104) from top to bottom.

11. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that, Gaps (116) are arranged between adjacent fixed gasification grates (104).

12. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized by A cooling assembly (107) is arranged on the fixed gasification grate (104).

13. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized by A plurality of fixed gasification furnace rows (104) form a group, and a discharging section is arranged between two adjacent groups of fixed gasification furnace rows (104), and a discharging baffle (108) is arranged at a position close to the discharging section.

14. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 13, characterized by The discharging baffle (108) is provided with a discharging air blowing hole (109).

15. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized by The furnace body (100) is further provided with a material pile detection mechanism (110), which is used to monitor the garbage condition on the fixed gasification furnace row (104) and the fixed combustion furnace row (2) and feed the result to the control assembly, and control the opening and closing of the external pneumatic power equipment (3) through the control assembly.

16. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that, The bottom of the furnace body (100) is further provided with a slag pushing rod (111) and a slag pit (112), and the slag pushing rod (111) reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit (112).

17. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that, Further comprising a secondary combustion chamber (113), and the secondary combustion chamber (113) is further provided with an acid removal device (114), which is used to spray acid removal substances into the secondary combustion chamber (113).

18. The vertical multi-stage refuse gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that A first channel (117) is arranged between the drying cavity (102) and the pyrolysis gasification cavity (103), a second channel (118) is arranged between the pyrolysis gasification cavity (103) and the combustion cavity (1), and a fourth air blowing hole (119) is arranged on the wall of the furnace body opposite to the first channel (117) and the second channel (118).

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