Thermal runaway flue gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device which mainly solves the problem that potential safety hazards exist after thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of an existing battery is exhausted. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a combustion barrel, a trigger device, an ignition assembly and a supercharging device, a combustion cavity for combusting thermal runaway flue gas is formed in the combustion cylinder, the trigger device is used for starting the ignition assembly, and the ignition assembly is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion cavity; the supercharging device is arranged in the combustion barrel and used for supercharging the thermal runaway smoke entering the combustion cavity, so that flames generated when the thermal runaway smoke combusts are long and thin columnar flames, the combustion flames cannot overflow, and the combustion safety is improved. Meanwhile, after the flow speed of the thermal runaway flue gas is increased, more air is sucked into the combustion cavity and participates in combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas, so that combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas is more sufficient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of battery safety, specifically relates to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium ion battery is widely used, can be applied to energy storage, power battery and multiple fields. In recent years, with the further development of lithium ion battery, the safe use of lithium ion battery also attracts attention. Due to the principle and structural characteristics of lithium ion battery, under the influence of overcharge, overdischarge, overheating, mechanical impact and other factors, the battery separator is easy to collapse and internal short circuit, thereby leading to thermal runaway.

[0003] After the thermal runaway of lithium ion battery, a large amount of thermal runaway flue gas is generated, which is easy to burn or explode after being discharged, and there is a safety hazard. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problem of safety hazard of thermal runaway flue gas generated by existing battery thermal runaway after being discharged, the utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is:

[0006] A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, comprising a combustion cylinder, a trigger device, an ignition assembly and a supercharging device, the combustion cylinder has a combustion cavity for thermal runaway flue gas combustion, and a plurality of first air holes are arranged on the side wall of the combustion cylinder and communicated with the combustion cavity, the trigger device is used to start the ignition assembly when the thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion cylinder, the ignition assembly is used to ignite and treat the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion cavity, and the supercharging device is arranged in the combustion cylinder and used to supercharge the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion cavity to form jet-like gas, so that the flame of the thermal runaway flue gas is slender columnar.

[0007] Further, the supercharging device is a venturi tube, the venturi tube comprises a converging section, a throat and a diffuser section arranged in sequence, the converging section is fixed on the combustion cylinder through a first connecting piece, and the diffuser section is fixed on the combustion cylinder through a second connecting piece.

[0008] Further, the top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure, and the porous structure is used for shunting the combustion flame overflowing the top of the combustion cavity.

[0009] Further, the porous structure is a honeycomb ceramic column.

[0010] Further, the outer side of the combustion cylinder is further sleeved with a protective shell, the protective shell comprises an inner protective sleeve, an outer protective sleeve and an annular plate connecting the inner protective sleeve and the outer protective sleeve; the inner protective sleeve is arranged in the outer protective sleeve, and an annular isolation cavity is formed between the outer side wall of the inner protective sleeve and the inner side wall of the outer protective sleeve; the side wall of the inner protective sleeve is provided with a second air hole corresponding to the position of the first air hole and communicating with the isolation cavity.

[0011] Further, the air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe and at least one air inlet branch pipe; the air inlet main pipe is connected between the combustion cylinder and the triggering device; each air inlet branch pipe is arranged obliquely to the air inlet main pipe, and the outlet of each air inlet branch pipe communicates with the air inlet main pipe; the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe faces the triggering device; the air inlet assembly simultaneously delivers air and hot runaway flue gas into the supercharging device.

[0012] Further, the air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe and at least one air inlet branch pipe; the air inlet main pipe is connected between the combustion cylinder and the triggering device; each air inlet branch pipe is arranged obliquely to the air inlet main pipe, and the outlet of each air inlet branch pipe communicates with the air inlet main pipe; the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe faces the triggering device; the air inlet assembly simultaneously delivers air and hot runaway flue gas into the supercharging device.

[0013] Further, the ignition assembly comprises a pulse ignition needle and a pulse generator; the pulse ignition needle is arranged in the combustion chamber; and the pulse generator is arranged outside the combustion cylinder.

[0014] Further, the air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe and at least one air inlet branch pipe; the air inlet main pipe is connected between the combustion cylinder and the triggering device; each air inlet branch pipe is arranged obliquely to the air inlet main pipe, and the outlet of each air inlet branch pipe communicates with the air inlet main pipe; the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe faces the triggering device; the air inlet assembly simultaneously delivers air and hot runaway flue gas into the supercharging device.

[0015] Further, the triggering device is a flow switch.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device can controllably ignite the heat runaway flue gas discharged after battery thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the safety hazards caused by the heat runaway flue gas after being discharged. Before the heat runaway flue gas is ignited, the supercharging device is used to supercharge and accelerate the heat runaway flue gas, so that the heat runaway flue gas is sprayed at high speed to form a jet-shaped gas; after the jet-shaped heat runaway flue gas is ignited, the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder is in the form of an elongated column, and the combustion flame does not overflow, thereby improving the safety during combustion and further improving the safety of the heat runaway flue gas treatment device during use. After the heat runaway flue gas is supercharged by the supercharging device, the flow rate of the heat runaway flue gas is increased, and the pressure difference generated by the flow rate is used to suck more air into the combustion chamber through the first air hole to participate in the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas, so that the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas is more complete.

[0018] 2. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device, wherein the booster device adopts a Venturi tube, and the Venturi tube has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0019] 3. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device, wherein the top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure, the porous structure divides the combustion flame overflowing from the combustion chamber, the combustion flame overflowing from the combustion cylinder has relatively gentle fire, and the safety of the heat runaway flue gas treatment device during use is further improved.

[0020] 4. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device, wherein the outer side of the combustion cylinder is further provided with a protective shell, the protective shell can prevent the combustion flame from overflowing and can isolate the heat generated during the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas, the safety during combustion is further ensured, and the safety during use of the device is improved.

[0021] 5. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device further comprises an air inlet assembly, the air inlet assembly simultaneously conveys external air and heat runaway flue gas into the combustion cylinder for combustion, the heat runaway flue gas and the air are mixed before ignition in this way, the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas is more sufficient, the flame generated during combustion is very small, and the safety of the heat runaway flue gas treatment device is further improved.

[0022] 6. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device, wherein the adsorption device adsorbs and filters the heat runaway flue gas, so that the subsequent heat runaway flue gas can smoothly pass through the booster device and enter the combustion chamber, and the safety of the heat runaway flue gas during use is improved.

[0023] 7. The heat runaway flue gas treatment device, wherein a backfire prevention device is further arranged between the combustion cylinder and the trigger device, the backfire prevention device can effectively prevent the flame from flowing back, protect the trigger device, avoid damage to the trigger device by the flame, and ensure accurate and reliable opening of the ignition assembly.

[0024] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be apparent from the following description, and will be understood by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a heat runaway flue gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the thermal runaway gas treatment device in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 Structural schematic of the pressure boosting device in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic of the thermal runaway gas treatment device (with protective housing) in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the thermal runaway gas treatment device (with protective housing) in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 6 Exploded view of the thermal runaway gas treatment device (with protective housing) in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 7 Structural schematic of the protective housing in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 8 Structural schematic of the thermal runaway gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the thermal runaway gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 10 Structural schematic of the adsorption device in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 11 Structural schematic of the thermal runaway gas treatment device in Example 3;

[0037] Figure 12 Cross-sectional view of the thermal runaway gas treatment device in Example 3.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1 - combustion cylinder, 2 - trigger device, 3 - ignition assembly, 4 - pressure boosting device, 5 - porous structure, 6 - protective housing, 7 - anti-backfire device, 8 - air inlet assembly, 9 - adsorption device, 11 - combustion chamber, 12 - first air hole, 31 - pulse ignition needle, 32 - pulse generator, 41 - converging section, 42 - throat, 43 - diverging section, 44 - first connecting piece, 45 - second connecting piece, 61 - inner protective sleeve, 62 - outer protective sleeve, 63 - annular plate, 64 - second air hole, 81 - main air inlet pipe, 82 - branch air inlet pipe, 91 - adsorption pipeline, 92 - adsorption medium, 93 - clamping plate, 94 - connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, understandable and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In this specification, "in other embodiments" appearing in different places does not refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to an embodiment that is independent or alternative to other embodiments. In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0041] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate piece, or the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0043] The existing energy storage device or power battery pack generally includes a plurality of single batteries (the single battery can be an existing single cylindrical battery, square battery, soft package battery, etc.), and the plurality of single batteries are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel to meet different capacity requirements. The above-mentioned plurality of single batteries are prone to thermal runaway during use or when overcharged, overdischarged and mechanically collided, and produce thermal runaway smoke, which is gathered outside the energy storage device or power battery pack, and has a safety hazard.

[0044] The thermal runaway smoke treatment device of the present application can control the ignition treatment of the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke will not cause safety hazards after being discharged, and the safety of the energy storage device or power battery pack is improved. When the thermal runaway smoke is ignited and burned, a large amount of combustion flame will be produced, the combustion flame will spread outward and overflow, which may ignite the surrounding combustible materials, or affect the devices near the device.

[0045] Based on this, the heat runaway flue gas treatment device increases the pressure of the heat runaway flue gas by using the pressure increasing device before the heat runaway flue gas is ignited, the pressure and flow rate of the heat runaway flue gas are increased, the heat runaway flue gas is sprayed at high speed to form a jet-shaped gas, the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder is an elongated columnar flame after the jet-shaped heat runaway flue gas is ignited, the elongated columnar flame is difficult to spread outward, the safety of the heat runaway flue gas combustion is increased, and therefore the safety of the heat runaway flue gas treatment device in use is improved. Meanwhile, the flow rate of the heat runaway flue gas is increased after the pressure increasing device increases the pressure of the heat runaway flue gas, more air is sucked into the combustion chamber through the first air holes by the pressure difference generated by the flow rate to participate in the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas, the combustion of the heat runaway flue gas is more sufficient, and the safety of the heat runaway flue gas treatment device in use is further improved.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present embodiment provides a heat runaway flue gas treatment device, which comprises a combustion cylinder 1, a trigger device 2, an ignition assembly 3 and a pressure increasing device 4; the combustion cylinder 1 has a combustion chamber 11 for heat runaway flue gas combustion, and a plurality of first air holes 12 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 and communicated with the combustion chamber 11; the trigger device 2 is used to start the ignition assembly 3 when the heat runaway flue gas enters the combustion cylinder 1, and the ignition assembly 3 is used to ignite the heat runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber 11; the pressure increasing device 4 is arranged in the combustion cylinder 1 and used to increase the pressure of the heat runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11 to form a jet-shaped gas, so that the flame of the heat runaway flue gas combustion is an elongated columnar flame. The structure of each component is described in detail below.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the combustion cylinder 1 in the present embodiment mainly provides a combustion space for heat runaway flue gas combustion, which can be a cylindrical structure with an open bottom and an open top, or a rectangular shell structure with an open bottom and an open top, and the like, and no specific requirements are made. The inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1 is the combustion chamber 11 for heat runaway flue gas combustion, and a plurality of first air holes 12 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 and communicated with the combustion chamber 11. The first air holes 12 can be circular holes, directional holes or strip-shaped holes, and no specific requirements are made. The first air holes 12 can be in multiple groups, each group of first air holes 12 is arranged circumferentially along the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 1, and multiple groups of first air holes 12 are arranged axially along the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 1. The first air holes 12 have two functions, one is to discharge the gas after combustion, and the other is to provide air during combustion.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 andFigure 3 As shown in the above, the combustion cylinder 1 is provided with a booster device 4, which is arranged in the combustion cylinder 1, specifically at the bottom of the combustion chamber 11, for boosting the hot runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11. The booster device 4 in the embodiment is a Venturi tube, which pressurizes and accelerates the hot runaway flue gas entering the combustion cylinder 1, so that the hot runaway flue gas is in the form of a jet, and after being ignited, the combustion flame is in the form of an elongated column, which will not overflow the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1, thereby improving the safety of the hot runaway flue gas combustion. At the same time, after the Venturi tube increases the flow rate of the hot runaway flue gas, the pressure difference generated by the flow rate is used to make more air (oxygen) enter the combustion chamber 11 through the first air hole 12, so that more air participates in the combustion of the hot runaway flue gas, and the combustion of the hot runaway flue gas is more complete.

[0050] As shown in the above, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The above-mentioned Venturi tube includes a converging section 41, a throat 42 and a diffuser section 43 arranged in sequence, and the hot runaway flue gas enters the combustion chamber 11 in sequence through the converging section 41, the throat 42 and the diffuser section 43. Specifically, the converging section 41 is fixed on the combustion cylinder 1 by a first connecting piece 44, and the diffuser section 43 is fixed on the combustion cylinder 1 by a second connecting piece 45.

[0051] As shown in the above, Figure 3 The first connecting piece 44 includes first and second connecting pipes with different pipe diameters, and the first and second connecting pipes are coaxial and fixedly connected. The converging section 41 is fixedly connected to the first connecting pipe, and the outer diameter of the first connecting pipe is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder 1. After the first connecting pipe is embedded into the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1, the fixed connection between the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 and the first connecting pipe is achieved by screws. The second connecting pipe is used to connect the device below the combustion cylinder 1, such as the trigger device 2 or the anti-backfire device 7.

[0052] As shown in the above, Figure 3 The second connecting piece 45 includes a circular connecting plate and a connecting sleeve fixed on the upper end face of the circular connecting plate. During installation, the circular connecting plate is located above the diffuser section 43, and the diffuser section 43 is fixedly connected to the circular connecting plate after passing through the mounting hole in the circular connecting plate. The outer diameter of the connecting sleeve is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder 1, and the connecting sleeve is embedded into the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1, and the fixed connection between the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 and the connecting sleeve is achieved by screws.

[0053] In other embodiments, a gas booster pump or other device can be used to pressurize and accelerate the hot runaway flue gas.

[0054] As shown in the above, Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the ignition assembly 3 is mainly used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas of the combustion chamber 11, so as to realize the controlled combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas. The ignition assembly 3 can be realized by different structures, for example, the existing electric arc igniter or resistance wire igniter can be used, and the electric arc igniter can be a pulse igniter. The electric arc igniter can be powered by a dry battery or an external circuit. In this embodiment, the pulse igniter with reliable ignition is preferred, and the electric arc igniter specifically includes a pulse ignition needle 31 and a pulse generator 32, and the pulse generator 32 includes a high-voltage package and a circuit board. When installed, the pulse ignition needle 31 passes through the through hole on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1, and the ignition head is located in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1. The pulse generator 32 is installed outside the combustion chamber 11, and can be fixed on the trigger device or the like, so as to avoid damage caused by the combustion flame or heat of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0055] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 To ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas can be ignited in time, the trigger device 2 is installed on the path of the thermal runaway flue gas, and the trigger device 2 starts the ignition assembly 3 in time and reliably when the thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion cylinder 1. The trigger device 2 can be different forms of sensors, such as pressure sensors, gas sensors or temperature sensors, etc. When the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from the battery, the sensor monitors the flow, pressure, temperature and gas composition of the thermal runaway flue gas in real time, and sends a signal to the pulse generator 32 when the monitored data exceeds the threshold, so as to start ignition. The sensor in this embodiment can use a flow switch to ensure that the battery thermal runaway flue gas can be triggered in time and reliably after the battery thermal runaway flue gas.

[0056] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 After the ignition assembly 3 ignites the thermal runaway flue gas, in order to prevent the combustion flame from flowing back and affecting the trigger device 2 and the like, the anti-backfire device 7 is further arranged at the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 in this embodiment. The anti-backfire device 7 is specifically installed between the combustion cylinder 1 and the trigger device 2. After the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, if the flame spreads in the reverse direction, the flame is blocked by the anti-backfire device 7, so as to avoid damaging the trigger device 2. The anti-backfire device 7 can effectively protect the trigger device 2, so as to ensure that the trigger device 2 can be accurately and reliably opened, and the reliable ignition of the ignition assembly 3 is ensured.

[0057] The anti-backfire device 7 can be a device with various structural forms, as long as it can prevent the combustion flame from flowing back, and specifically can use an anti-backfire valve or a pipeline flame arrester, which is connected to the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 by threads or flanges. In this embodiment, the anti-backfire device 7 is an anti-backfire valve, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0058] AsFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to further improve the safety of thermal runaway flue gas combustion, the top open end of the above-mentioned combustion cylinder 1 is also provided with a porous structure 5. If the combustion flame overflows at the top of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 5 can disperse and divert the overflowing combustion flame, making the overflowing flame relatively gentle, further improving the safety of the entire thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0059] The porous structure 5 in this embodiment is a honeycomb ceramic column, the cross-sectional shape of which is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the combustion chamber 11. When installing the honeycomb ceramic column, an annular boss can be added to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 5 can be placed on the annular boss, and then fixed.

[0060] In other embodiments, the porous structure 5 may be a porous medium plate, or may be several layers of high-temperature resistant metal mesh, etc.

[0061] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, to further ensure safety during thermal runaway flue gas combustion, this embodiment further includes a protective housing 6 mounted on the outside of the combustion cylinder 1. This protective housing 6 comprises an inner protective sleeve 61, an outer protective sleeve 62, and an annular plate 63. The inner protective sleeve 61 is disposed within the outer protective sleeve 62, with an annular isolation chamber formed between the outer wall of the inner protective sleeve 61 and the inner wall of the outer protective sleeve 62. Furthermore, a second air hole 64 is provided on the sidewall of the inner protective sleeve 61, corresponding to the position of the first air hole 12 and communicating with the isolation chamber.

[0062] This embodiment does not specify the shape of the inner and outer protective sleeves 61 and 62; they can be cylindrical or rectangular. To maintain aesthetics and ease of installation, the shapes of the inner and outer protective sleeves 61 and 62 are preferably consistent with the shape of the combustion cylinder 1. Since the combustion cylinder 1 generally adopts a cylindrical structure, the inner and outer protective sleeves 61 and 62 can also adopt cylindrical structures.

[0063] At least one annular plate 63 is provided within the isolation chamber, integrally connecting the inner and outer protective sleeves 61 and 62. The annular plate 63 can be positioned in the middle of the isolation chamber or at either end. If the annular plate 63 is positioned at either end of the isolation chamber, multiple through-holes are required to connect the isolation chamber to the external environment.

[0064] When the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder 1 overflows out of the combustion cylinder 1 through the first air hole 12, the overflowing flame is blocked in the isolation cavity by the side wall of the outer protective sleeve 62 and cannot overflow to the external environment, thus avoiding potential safety hazards. Therefore, the protective shell 6 can further prevent the combustion flame from overflowing and can also isolate the heat generated when the thermal runaway smoke gas burns, thus further improving the safety of the device in use. At the same time, since the combustion cavity 11 is in communication with the external environment through the first air hole 12, the second air hole 64 and the isolation cavity, the air can also enter the combustion cavity 11 to participate in the combustion.

[0065] When the protective shell 6 is installed, the outer protective sleeve 62 is fixed on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 by screws, which effectively prevents the protective shell 6 from falling off and facilitates the installation and disassembly of the protective shell 6 and the combustion cylinder 1.

[0066] The working process of the thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device in the embodiment is as follows:

[0067] When the battery thermal runaway generates thermal runaway smoke gas, the thermal runaway smoke gas enters the thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device through the external smoke gas pipeline. When the thermal runaway smoke gas passes through the trigger device 2, the trigger device 2 opens the ignition assembly 3, and the ignition assembly 3 starts to ignite. At the same time, the thermal runaway smoke gas entering the combustion cavity is pressurized by the pressurizing device 4 to form a jet-like gas, which is ignited to form an elongated columnar flame. The elongated columnar flame burns safely in the combustion cavity. If the combustion flame overflows at the top of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 5 disperses and shunts the overflowing combustion flame. If the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder 1 overflows out of the combustion cylinder 1 through the first air hole 12, the overflowing flame is blocked in the isolation cavity by the side wall of the outer protective sleeve 62, thus achieving safe combustion of the thermal runaway smoke gas.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] The structure of the thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device in the embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment 1, and is different from Embodiment 1 in that, as shown in Figure 8 The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device in the embodiment further comprises an adsorption device 9 connected to the end of the trigger device 2.

[0070] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the adsorption device 9 includes an adsorption pipeline 91 and an adsorption medium 92 filled in the adsorption pipeline 91, and the adsorption medium 92 specifically adopts a material capable of adsorbing and filtering impurities, for example, activated carbon, molecular sieve, alumina, ceramic ball, etc. The adsorption medium 92 is installed in the adsorption pipeline 91 through two clamping plates 93, and the two clamping plates 93 are axially connected through a connecting rod 94 provided with threads at both ends, that is, the connecting rod 94 passes through the clamping plate 93 at both ends and is fixed through a nut, and the clamping plate 93 has a plurality of through holes through which the hot runaway smoke passes.

[0071] The adsorption device 9 mainly performs adsorption and filtration treatment on the hot runaway smoke. When the hot runaway smoke passes through the adsorption device 9, the solid impurities carried in the hot runaway smoke are filtered in the adsorption device 9, avoiding the influence of the impurities carried in the hot runaway smoke on the subsequent booster device 4, etc. At the same time, part of the electrolyte carried in the hot runaway smoke can also be filtered in the adsorption device 9, reducing the size of the flame when the hot runaway smoke burns.

[0072] The working process of the hot runaway smoke treatment device in the embodiment is as follows:

[0073] When the battery hot runaway generates hot runaway smoke, the hot runaway smoke enters the hot runaway smoke treatment device through the external smoke pipeline, and the electrolyte and impurities carried in the hot runaway smoke are filtered into the adsorption device 9 after the hot runaway smoke first enters the adsorption device 9. Then, when the hot runaway smoke passes through the trigger device 2, the trigger device 2 opens the ignition assembly 3, and the ignition assembly 3 starts to ignite. At the same time, the hot runaway smoke entering the combustion chamber is pressurized by the booster device 4 to form a jet-shaped gas, which is ignited to form an elongated columnar flame, which is safely burned in the combustion chamber. If the combustion flame overflows at the top of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 5 disperses and shunts the overflowing combustion flame. If the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder 1 overflows out of the combustion cylinder 1 through the first gas hole 12, the overflowing flame is blocked in the isolation chamber by the side wall of the outer protective sleeve 62, realizing safe combustion of the hot runaway smoke.

[0074] Embodiment 3

[0075] As shown in Figures 11 to 12 The structure of the hot runaway smoke treatment device in the embodiment is similar to that of the hot runaway smoke treatment devices in Embodiments 1 and 2, except that the hot runaway smoke treatment device in the embodiment further includes an air inlet assembly 8, which is arranged between the combustion cylinder 1 and the trigger device 2, or between the anti-backfire device 7 and the trigger device 2.

[0076] As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the air inlet assembly 8 includes an air inlet main pipe 81 and a plurality of air inlet branch pipes 82, two ends of the air inlet main pipe 81 are connected with the anti-backfire device 7 and the triggering device 2 respectively, each air inlet branch pipe 82 is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the air inlet main pipe 81, and the outlet of each air inlet branch pipe 82 communicates with the air inlet main pipe 81, and the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe 82 faces the triggering device 2, that is, the axis of the air inlet branch pipe 82 is obliquely arranged with the axis of the air inlet main pipe 81.

[0077] The air inlet assembly 8 delivers external gas (air or other combustion-supporting gas) into the supercharging device 4 of the combustion cylinder 1, and then the air or combustion-supporting gas is mixed with the thermal runaway flue gas and is delivered into the combustion cylinder 1 for combustion after being pressurized and accelerated. The way of mixing the thermal runaway flue gas with the air before ignition not only ensures that the thermal runaway flue gas can be fully combusted, but also reduces the flame height when the thermal runaway flue gas is combusted, the flame produced by combustion is small, the flame stability when the thermal runaway flue gas is combusted is improved, and the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device is further improved.

[0078] Based on the above structure, the working process of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in the embodiment is as follows:

[0079] When the battery thermal runaway generates thermal runaway flue gas, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device through the external flue gas pipeline, the electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas are filtered into the adsorption device 9, then when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the triggering device 2, the triggering device 2 opens the ignition assembly 3, the ignition assembly 3 starts to ignite, at the same time, the external air enters the air inlet main pipe 81 through the air inlet branch pipe 82, the air and the thermal runaway flue gas are mixed in the air inlet main pipe 81, then the mixed gas enters the supercharging device 4 for pressurization and acceleration to form a jet-shaped gas, the jet-shaped gas is ignited to form an elongated columnar flame, and the elongated columnar flame is safely combusted in the combustion chamber.

[0080] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment devices in the above embodiments 1 to 3 can be applied to energy storage equipment, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by any battery thermal runaway in the energy storage equipment is collected and led out through a flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline is connected with the triggering device 2 or the adsorption device 9 of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0081] The thermal runaway smoke treatment device in the above embodiments 1 to 3 can be applied in an electric vehicle power battery pack. In specific installation and use, the smoke pipeline collects the thermal runaway smoke generated by any battery in the power battery pack and is connected with the trigger device 2 or the adsorption device 9 of the thermal runaway smoke treatment device, and the thermal runaway smoke treatment device performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway smoke. Alternatively, the trigger device 2 or the adsorption device 9 is directly connected to the power battery pack shell, and when any single battery in the power battery pack overheats, the thermal runaway smoke treatment device performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the battery pack.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway smoke treatment device, characterized by, The combustion cylinder, the triggering device, the ignition assembly and the supercharging device are included. The combustion cylinder has a combustion cavity for hot runaway gas combustion, and a plurality of first air holes are arranged on the side wall of the combustion cylinder and communicated with the combustion cavity. The triggering device is used to start the ignition assembly when the hot runaway gas enters the combustion cylinder. The supercharging device is arranged in the combustion cylinder and used to supercharge the hot runaway gas entering the combustion cavity to form a jet gas, so that the flame of the hot runaway gas is in the form of an elongated column.

2. The thermal runaway gas fume treatment device of claim 1, wherein, The supercharging device is a Venturi tube, which includes a converging section, a throat and a diverging section arranged in sequence.

3. The thermal runaway gas handling device of claim 1, wherein, The top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure for shunting the combustion flame overflowing the top of the combustion cavity.

4. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 3, wherein, The porous structure is a honeycomb ceramic column.

5. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 1, wherein, The outer side of the combustion cylinder is further provided with a protective shell, which includes an inner protective sleeve, an outer protective sleeve and an annular plate connecting the inner protective sleeve and the outer protective sleeve.

6. The thermal runaway gas fume treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The inner protective sleeve is arranged in the outer protective sleeve, and an annular isolation cavity is formed between the outer side wall of the inner protective sleeve and the inner side wall of the outer protective sleeve.

7. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 6, wherein, The inner side wall of the inner protective sleeve is provided with a second air hole corresponding to the position of the first air hole and communicated with the isolation cavity.

8. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 7, wherein, The air inlet assembly includes an air inlet main pipe and at least one air inlet branch pipe.

9. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 6, wherein, The air inlet branch pipe is inclined to the air inlet main pipe, and the outlet of the air inlet branch pipe is communicated with the air inlet main pipe.

10. The thermal runaway smoke gas treatment device of claim 9, wherein, The air inlet branch pipe is provided with an inlet end facing the triggering device. The ignition assembly includes a pulse ignition needle and a pulse generator. The pulse ignition needle is arranged in the combustion cavity, and the pulse generator is arranged outside the combustion cylinder. The anti-backfire device is arranged at the bottom end of the combustion cylinder to prevent the backflow of the combustion flame. The triggering device is a flow switch.

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