Machine tool and harmonic turntable thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, and discloses a machine tool and a harmonic rotary table thereof, the harmonic rotary table comprises a harmonic speed reducer arranged in a shell, the harmonic speed reducer comprises a steel wheel, an output flange and a bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is arranged between the steel wheel and the output flange. The bearing sleeve comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a first cylindrical roller, a second cylindrical roller and a third cylindrical roller, the outer ring sleeves the inner ring and is rotatably connected with the inner ring, the inner ring is connected with the output flange, the outer ring is connected with the steel wheel, the first cylindrical roller is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the rotation direction of the first cylindrical roller is parallel to the rotation axis of the output flange; the second cylindrical roller and the third cylindrical roller are arranged on the two sides of the outer ring, and the rotating direction of the second cylindrical roller and the rotating direction of the third cylindrical roller are both perpendicular to the rotating axis of the output flange. By means of the structure, the rigidity, the load and the bendability of the harmonic speed reducer can be enhanced, and meanwhile the bearing performance of the harmonic speed reducer in the axial direction and the radial direction is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to lathe technical field, in particular to a lathe and harmonic turntable thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, harmonic turntable usually sets up bearing between self output end and steel wheel, and bearing usually adopts crossed roller bearing, and there are problems of poor rigidity, weak load capacity etc. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a lathe and harmonic turntable thereof, can improve load capacity, and is applicable to heavy cutting operation.

[0004] In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a harmonic turntable, including:

[0005] Shell;

[0006] Driving device, it is set up in the shell inside;

[0007] Harmonic speed reducer, it is set up in the shell's inside, the output end of driving device is connected the input of harmonic speed reducer, harmonic speed reducer includes steel wheel, output flange and bearing sleeve, the bearing sleeve is set up between steel wheel and output flange, steel wheel is connected on the fixed end of driving device, the bearing sleeve includes inner ring, outer ring, first cylindrical roller, second cylindrical roller and third cylindrical roller, the outer ring is set up in the outer portion of inner ring and both rotatable connections, the inner ring connects output flange, the outer ring connects steel wheel, the first cylindrical roller is set up between the inner ring and the outer ring, the rotation direction of first cylindrical roller is parallel with the rotation axis of output flange, the second cylindrical roller and third cylindrical roller are set up in the both sides of outer ring, the rotation direction of second cylindrical roller and third cylindrical roller is perpendicular to the rotation axis of output flange.

[0008] In some embodiments of the application:

[0009] The outer peripheral surface of the inner ring has an annular groove, at least a portion of the outer ring extends into the annular groove, the first cylindrical roller is arranged in the annular groove, the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring is attached to the first cylindrical roller, and the second cylindrical roller and the third cylindrical roller are respectively arranged between the two side surfaces of the outer ring and the groove walls opposite to the annular groove.

[0010] In some embodiments of the application:

[0011] The inner ring is provided with a first fixing hole penetrating through the inner ring in the axial direction of the inner ring, the output flange is provided with a second fixing hole corresponding to the first fixing hole, the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are connected by a threaded connecting piece to connect the inner ring and the output flange, and the first fixing hole avoids the annular groove.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application:

[0013] The outer ring is provided with a third fixing hole penetrating through the outer ring in the axial direction of the outer ring, the steel wheel is provided with a fourth fixing hole corresponding to the third fixing hole, the third fixing hole and the fourth fixing hole are connected by a threaded connecting piece to connect the outer ring and the steel wheel, and the third fixing hole is located outside the annular groove.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application:

[0015] The steel wheel comprises a body and a protruding part, the protruding part is arranged at the edge of the body and located on the side of the body facing the output flange, and the fourth fixing hole penetrates through the body and the protruding part in the axial direction of the steel wheel.

[0016] The output flange comprises a flange part and a neck part, the neck part is arranged on the flange part and located on the side of the flange part facing the steel wheel, the second fixing hole is arranged on the flange part, and the body, the protruding part, the flange part and the neck part jointly form a mounting cavity for accommodating the bearing sleeve.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the harmonic turntable further comprises:

[0018] A turntable flange connected to the output flange, the housing has an opening, and the turntable flange is arranged at the opening of the housing.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the harmonic turntable further comprises:

[0020] A fixing plate, the fixed end of the driving device is connected to the steel wheel through the fixing plate.

[0021] The harmonic reducer further comprises a wave generator and a flexible gear matched with the steel wheel, the flexible gear is fixedly connected with the output flange, the wave generator is rotationally connected with the flexible gear, and the output end of the driving device is connected with the wave generator to form the connection between the output end of the driving device and the input end of the harmonic reducer.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the harmonic turntable further comprises:

[0023] The sealing ring is arranged at the sealing part in the opening of the shell body, and the outer circumferential surface of the output flange, the sealing part and the turntable flange jointly form a sealing cavity for mounting the sealing ring.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the harmonic turntable further comprises:

[0025] The core sleeve comprises a connecting portion and a limiting portion arranged at one end of the connecting portion in the axial direction of the core sleeve, a connecting hole is arranged at the axis of the output flange, the connecting portion is arranged in the connecting hole, a core hole penetrating in the axial direction of the turntable flange is arranged at the axis of the turntable flange, the turntable flange is sleeved on the limiting portion through the core hole, and the output flange and the turntable flange are fixedly connected.

[0026] The utility model also provides a machine tool which comprises the harmonic turntable of any one of the preceding segments.

[0027] The utility model provides a machine tool and harmonic turntable thereof, and compared with the prior art, it has the beneficial effects of:

[0028] The harmonic turntable comprises a shell body, a driving device and a harmonic speed reducer, the bearing sleeve of the harmonic speed reducer is provided with first, second and third cylindrical rollers, the rotation direction of the first cylindrical roller is parallel to the rotation axis of the output flange, and the rotation directions of the second and third cylindrical rollers are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the output flange, so that the rigidity, load and bending property of the harmonic speed reducer are enhanced, the bearing performance of the harmonic speed reducer in the axial and radial directions is ensured, the load capacity of the harmonic turntable is improved, and the harmonic turntable is suitable for heavy cutting operation.

[0029] The machine tool comprises the harmonic turntable, the rigidity, load and bending property of the harmonic speed reducer are enhanced, the bearing performance of the harmonic speed reducer in the axial and radial directions is ensured, the load capacity of the harmonic turntable is improved, and the machine tool is suitable for heavy cutting operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the harmonic turntable of the utility model embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a disassembled view of the harmonic turntable of the utility model embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a disassembled view of the harmonic speed reducer of the utility model embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the bearing sleeve of the utility model embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5is a sectional view of a harmonic turntable of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the output flange of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0036] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the output flange of an embodiment of the utility model from another angle.

[0037] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the steel wheel of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of the fixed core sleeve of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0039] Figure 10 is a structural schematic view of the shell of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0040] In the figure, 1, shell;2, driving device;3, harmonic speed reducer;4, turntable flange;5, fixed plate;6, sealing ring;7, sealing cavity;8, fixed core sleeve;9, explosion-proof pipe.

[0041] 11, opening;12, sealing part;31, steel wheel;32, output flange;33, bearing sleeve;34, installation cavity;35, wave generator;36, flexible wheel;311, fourth fixed hole;312, main body;313, protruding part;331, inner ring;332, outer ring;333, first cylindrical roller;334, second cylindrical roller;335, third cylindrical roller;3311, annular groove;3312, first fixed hole;321, second fixed hole;322, flange part;323, neck part;324, connecting hole;3321, third fixed hole;41, fixed core hole;81, connecting part;82, limiting part;91, waterproof joint;92, waterproof plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific embodiments of the utility model are described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0043] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain, the term "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and so on indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawing, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and not indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, a particular orientation and operation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected, can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection, can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the communication between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In addition, in the description of the utility model, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two.

[0046] For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , a harmonic turntable of an embodiment of the utility model, comprising: shell 1, driving device 2 and harmonic reducer 3.

[0048] Driving device 2 is arranged inside shell 1.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The harmonic reducer 3 is arranged in the interior of the housing 1, the output end of the driving device 2 is connected to the input end of the harmonic reducer 3, the harmonic reducer 3 comprises a steel wheel 31, an output flange 32 and a bearing sleeve 33, the bearing sleeve 33 is arranged between the steel wheel 31 and the output flange 32, the steel wheel 31 is connected to the fixed end of the driving device 2, the bearing sleeve 33 comprises an inner ring 331, an outer ring 332 and a first cylindrical roller 333, a second cylindrical roller 334 and a third cylindrical roller 335 arranged between the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332, the outer ring 332 is sleeved outside the inner ring 331 and is rotatably connected to the inner ring 331, the inner ring 331 is connected to the output flange 32, the outer ring 332 is connected to the steel wheel 31, the first cylindrical roller 333 is arranged between the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332, the rotation direction of the first cylindrical roller 333 is parallel to the rotation axis of the output flange 32, the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 are arranged on opposite sides of the outer ring 332, and the rotation directions of the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the output flange 32.

[0050] The output end of the driving device 2 is one end of the driving device 2 for driving the harmonic reducer 3, and the fixed end of the driving device 2 is another position of the driving device 2 except the driving end. When the driving device 2 is a motor, the driving shaft is the output end, and the fixed end can be the motor shell.

[0051] When the harmonic reducer 3 works, the steel wheel 31 and the output flange 32 rotate relatively, and the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332 rotate relatively. By arranging the bearing sleeve 33 with the first cylindrical roller 333, the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 to replace the crossed roller bearing in the prior art, the rigidity, load and bending property of the harmonic reducer 3 can be enhanced, the bearing performance of the harmonic reducer 3 in the axial and radial directions is ensured, and thus the load capacity of the harmonic rotary table is improved, and the harmonic rotary table is suitable for heavy cutting operation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 331 has an annular groove 3311, at least a part of the outer ring 332 extends into the annular groove 3311, the first cylindrical roller 333 is arranged in the annular groove 3311, the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 332 is attached to the first cylindrical roller 333, and the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 are respectively arranged between the two side surfaces of the outer ring 332 and the groove walls opposite to each other of the annular groove 3311.

[0053] The annular groove 3311 is arranged around the outer surface of the inner ring 331, the outer ring 332 is sleeved outside the inner ring 331 and at least a part of the outer ring 332 extends into the annular groove 3311, and the outer ring 332 can move relative to the inner ring 331 in the annular groove 3311. The first cylindrical roller 333, the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 are all arranged in the annular groove 3311, and the outer ring 332 can roll in the annular groove 3311 through the first cylindrical roller 333, the second cylindrical roller 334 and the third cylindrical roller 335 respectively, so as to realize the relative rotation of the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332, enhance the rigidity, load and bending of the harmonic reducer 3, and at the same time ensure the bearing performance of the harmonic reducer 3 in the axial and radial directions.

[0054] The inner ring 331 is provided with a first fixing hole 3312 penetrating along the axial direction of the inner ring 331, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The output flange 32 is provided with a second fixing hole 321 corresponding to the first fixing hole 3312, the first fixing hole 3312 and the second fixing hole 321 are connected through a threaded connecting piece to connect the inner ring 331 and the output flange 32, and the first fixing hole 3312 avoids the annular groove 3311.

[0055] Screws can be arranged to pass through the first fixing hole 3312 and the second fixing hole 321 to connect the first fixing hole 3312 and the second fixing hole 321, so as to connect the inner ring 331 and the output flange 32. The first fixing hole 3312 needs to avoid the annular groove 3311 and the structure arranged in the annular groove 3311, so as to realize that when the inner ring 331 and the output flange 32 are connected, the normal work of the bearing sleeve 33 is not affected.

[0056] The outer ring 332 is provided with a third fixing hole 3321 penetrating along the axial direction of the outer ring 332, and the steel wheel 31 is provided with a fourth fixing hole 311 corresponding to the third fixing hole 3321. The third fixing hole 3321 and the fourth fixing hole 311 are connected through a threaded connecting piece to connect the outer ring 332 and the steel wheel 31, and the third fixing hole 3321 is located outside the annular groove 3311.

[0057] Screws can be arranged to pass through the third fixing hole 3321 and the fourth fixing hole 311 to connect the third fixing hole 3321 and the fourth fixing hole 311, so as to connect the outer ring 332 and the steel wheel 31. In this way, when the steel wheel 31 and the output flange 32 rotate relatively, the bearing sleeve 33 works, and the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332 rotate relatively.

[0058] The third fixing hole 3321 is arranged on the outer ring 332 and protrudes from the outer surface of the inner ring 331 on the outer ring 332, so that the third fixing hole 3321 avoids the inner ring 331 and is easy to connect with the steel ring.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 8 The steel wheel 31 comprises a body 312 and a protruding part 313, the protruding part 313 is arranged at the edge of the body 312 and located at the side of the body 312 facing the output flange 32, and the fourth fixing hole 311 penetrates the body 312 and the protruding part 313 along the axial direction of the steel wheel 31.

[0060] The steel wheel 31 is fixed, the body 312 and the protruding part 313 form a groove, the groove is located corresponding to the bearing sleeve 33, and the fourth fixing hole 311 is longer because it penetrates the body 312 and the protruding part 313, so as to ensure the stability of the connection between the fourth fixing hole 311 and the outer ring 332.

[0061] The output flange 32 comprises a flange part 322 and a neck part 323, the neck part 323 is arranged on the flange part 322 and located at the side of the flange part 322 facing the steel wheel 31, and the second fixing hole 321 is arranged on the flange part 322, the body 312, the protruding part 313, the flange part 322 and the neck part 323 jointly form a mounting cavity 34 for accommodating the bearing sleeve 33.

[0062] The output flange 32 is a necked flange, and the output flange 32 is equivalent to covering the groove formed by the body 312 and the protruding part 313, so as to form the mounting cavity 34 for accommodating the bearing sleeve 33. At the same time, the bearing sleeve 33 directly contacts the output flange 32 and the steel wheel 31, which is convenient for the connection between the outer ring 332 and the steel wheel 31 and the connection between the inner ring 331 and the output flange 32.

[0063] In some embodiments, the harmonic turntable further comprises a turntable flange 4, the turntable flange 4 is connected to the output flange 32, the shell 1 has an opening 11, and the turntable flange 4 is arranged at the opening 11 of the shell 1.

[0064] The harmonic reducer 3 drives the output flange 32 to rotate, the output flange 32 drives the turntable flange 4 to rotate, and the turntable flange 4 can be exposed from the opening 11 of the shell 1.

[0065] In this embodiment, the turntable flange 4 and the output flange 32 are connected by screws.

[0066] In some embodiments, the harmonic turntable further comprises a fixing plate 5, and the fixed end of the driving device 2 is connected to the steel wheel 31 through the fixing plate 5. The fixing plate 5 can make the connection between the driving device 2 and the steel wheel 31 more stable.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 5 and the steel wheel 31 are fixed by screws, and the driving end of the driving device 2 and the fixing plate 5 are also fixed by screws.

[0068] The harmonic reducer 3 further comprises a wave generator 35 and a flexspline 36 matched with the steel wheel 31, the flexspline 36 is fixedly connected with the output flange 32, the wave generator 35 is rotationally connected with the flexspline 36, and the output end of the driving device 2 is connected with the wave generator 35 to form the connection between the output end of the driving device 2 and the input end of the harmonic reducer 3.

[0069] After the driving device 2 drives the wave generator 35, the flexspline 36 deforms and rotates, and the flexspline 36 will generate relative tooth errors with the steel wheel 31 to drive the rotation of the output flange 32.

[0070] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 10 , the harmonic rotary table further comprises a sealing ring 6, the opening 11 of the shell 1 is provided with a stepped sealing part 12, the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table flange 4, the sealing part 12 and the output flange 32 jointly form a sealing cavity 7 for mounting the sealing ring 6.

[0071] The sealing ring 6 can prevent water from entering.

[0072] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 9 , the harmonic rotary table further comprises a fixed core sleeve 8, the fixed core sleeve 8 comprises a connecting part 81 and a limiting part 82, both ends of the connecting part 81 extend along the axial direction of the fixed core sleeve 8, and the limiting part 82 is connected with one end of the connecting part 81, the output flange 32 is provided with a connecting hole 324 at the axial center thereof, the connecting part 81 is arranged in the connecting hole 324, the rotary table flange 4 is provided with a fixed core hole 41 penetrating along the axial direction thereof at the axial center thereof, the rotary table flange 4 is sleeved on the limiting part 82 through the fixed core hole 41, and the output flange 32 and the rotary table flange 4 are fixedly connected.

[0073] The fixed core sleeve 8 can help the rotary table flange 4 and the output flange 32 to keep coaxial, the connecting part 81 can arrange the fixed core sleeve 8 on the output flange 32, and the limiting part 82 can limit the rotary table flange 4 from deviating from the rotation axis during rotation.

[0074] In this embodiment, the harmonic rotary table further comprises an explosion-proof pipe 9, the explosion-proof pipe 9 is in communication with the inside of the shell 1, the explosion-proof pipe 9 is connected with the shell 1 through a waterproof joint 91, and the explosion-proof pipe 9 is provided with a waterproof plug 92 between the explosion-proof pipe 9 and the waterproof joint 91.

[0075] This embodiment further provides a machine tool comprising the harmonic rotary table, which can enhance the rigidity, load and bending property of the harmonic reducer 3, and ensure the bearing performance of the harmonic reducer 3 in the axial and radial directions, thereby improving the load capacity of the harmonic rotary table and being suitable for heavy cutting operations.

[0076] The above merely is the preferred implementation form of the present application, and it should be noted that, for the ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A harmonic turntable, characterized by, The harmonic reducer comprises a steel wheel, an output flange and a bearing sleeve, the bearing sleeve is arranged between the steel wheel and the output flange, the steel wheel is connected to a fixed end of the driving device, the bearing sleeve comprises an inner ring, an outer ring and first, second and third cylindrical rollers arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring and is rotatably connected to the inner ring, the inner ring is connected to the output flange, the outer ring is connected to the steel wheel, the first cylindrical roller is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, the rotation direction of the first cylindrical roller is parallel to the rotation axis of the output flange, and the second and third cylindrical rollers are arranged on opposite sides of the outer ring.

2. The harmonic turntable according to claim 1, wherein: the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring is provided with an annular groove, at least a portion of the outer ring extends into the annular groove, the first cylindrical roller is arranged in the annular groove, the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring is attached to the first cylindrical roller, and the second and third cylindrical rollers are arranged between the two side surfaces of the outer ring and the groove walls opposite to each other of the annular groove, respectively.

3. The harmonic turntable according to claim 2, wherein: the inner ring is provided with a first fixed hole penetrating along the axial direction of the inner ring, the output flange is provided with a second fixed hole corresponding to the first fixed hole, the first fixed hole and the second fixed hole are connected through a threaded connecting piece to connect the inner ring and the output flange, and the first fixed hole avoids the annular groove.

4. The harmonic turntable according to claim 3, wherein: the outer ring is provided with a third fixed hole penetrating along the axial direction of the outer ring, the steel wheel is provided with a fourth fixed hole corresponding to the third fixed hole, the third fixed hole and the fourth fixed hole are connected through a threaded connecting piece to connect the outer ring and the steel wheel, and the third fixed hole is located on the opening side of the annular groove.

5. The harmonic turntable according to claim 4, wherein: the steel wheel comprises a body and a protruding part, the protruding part is arranged at the edge of the body and located on the side of the body facing the output flange, and the fourth fixed hole penetrates through the body and the protruding part along the axial direction of the steel wheel; the output flange comprises a flange part and a neck part, the neck part is arranged on the flange part and located on the side of the flange part facing the steel wheel, and the second fixed hole is arranged on the flange part, and the body, the protruding part, the flange part and the neck part jointly form a mounting cavity for accommodating the bearing sleeve. Further comprising: a turntable flange connected to the output flange, the housing is provided with an opening, and the turntable flange is arranged at the opening of the housing. Further comprising: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6. The harmonic turntable of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ 7. The harmonic turntable of claim 1, wherein, ​ A fixed plate, a fixed end of the driving device is connected with the steel wheel through the fixed plate; The harmonic reducer further comprises a wave generator and a flexible wheel matched with the steel wheel, the flexible wheel is fixedly connected with the output flange, the wave generator is rotationally connected with the flexible wheel, and an output end of the driving device is connected with the wave generator to form a connection between the output end of the driving device and the input end of the harmonic reducer.

8. The harmonic turntable of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: A sealing ring, a stepped sealing part is arranged at an opening of the shell, and outer circumferential surfaces of the turntable flange, the sealing part and the output flange jointly form a sealing cavity for mounting the sealing ring.

9. The harmonic turntable of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: A fixed core sleeve comprising a connecting part and a limiting part, two ends of the connecting part extend axially along the fixed core sleeve, and the limiting part is connected with one end of the connecting part, a connecting hole is arranged at an axial center of the output flange, the connecting part is arranged in the connecting hole, a fixed core hole penetrating along an axial direction of the turntable flange is arranged at an axial center of the turntable flange, the turntable flange is sleeved on the limiting part through the fixed core hole, and the output flange and the turntable flange are fixedly connected.

10. A machine tool, characterized by The harmonic turntable comprises the harmonic turntable according to any one of claims 1-9.

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