Impurity removal and purification device for laboratory

Abstract

The utility model provides an impurity removal and purification device for a laboratory, and belongs to the technical field of purification devices. The impurity removal and purification device comprises an adsorption and filtration device; a first filtering adsorption plate, a second filtering adsorption plate and an ultrafiltration membrane plate are sequentially arranged in the adsorption filtering device from top to bottom; a feeding hole of the adsorption filtering device is formed in the upper part of the first filtering adsorption plate; a discharge hole of the adsorption filtering device is positioned at the lower end of the ultrafiltration membrane plate; a buffer tank; a feeding hole of the buffer tank is connected with a discharging hole of the adsorption filtering device through a pipeline; a circulating port of the buffer tank is connected with a feeding port of the adsorption filtering device through a pipeline; a vacuum pump; and the vacuum pump is connected with the top of the buffer tank through a pipeline. The impurity removal and purification device for the laboratory is simple, efficient and capable of effectively reducing energy consumption, water consumption and loss of neutral grease.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of purification device technology, and in particular relates to a laboratory purification device for removing impurities. Background Technology

[0002] Oils and fats are essential substances in daily life and industrial production, primarily composed of ester compounds formed from higher fatty acids and glycerol. Liquid oils at room temperature are generally called oils, such as vegetable oils (olive oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, etc.); solid oils are called fats, mainly derived from animal sources, such as lard, tallow, and mutton fat. The main chemical component of oils and fats is triglycerides, formed by the esterification reaction of one molecule of glycerol with three molecules of higher fatty acids. Besides triglycerides, oils and fats also contain small amounts of water, impurities, free fatty acids, sterols, pigments, waxes, phospholipids, and vitamins. The presence of these components affects the properties and uses of oils and fats. Therefore, impurity removal treatment is often necessary to remove these components.

[0003] Current traditional deacidification processes involve first stripping the oil to remove acid, then adding alkali to neutralize the free fatty acids. However, this process leads to the hydrolysis loss of neutral oils, the formation of soapstock, and potential emissions and treatment of waste gas and wastewater. Distillation to remove free fatty acids is unsuitable for temperature-sensitive oils and is energy-intensive. Traditional solutions utilize adsorbents or decolorizing agents such as activated clay and activated carbon to remove pigments from the oils. However, this increases the cost of treating waste clay, activated carbon, and other adsorbents or decolorizing agents, and also increases the loss of neutral oils absorbed by these agents. Furthermore, post-processing lines are complex, bulky, and inefficient, making them unsuitable for laboratory use. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a laboratory purification device that is simple, efficient, and can effectively reduce energy consumption, water consumption, and loss of neutral oils.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a laboratory purification device, comprising:

[0006] Adsorption filtration device;

[0007] The adsorption filtration device is provided with a first adsorption filter plate, a second adsorption filter plate, and an ultrafiltration membrane plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first adsorption filter plate, the second adsorption filter plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate are not connected to each other, and an interlayer is formed between adjacent layers. The feed inlet of the adsorption filtration device is located at the upper end of the first adsorption filter plate. The discharge outlet of the adsorption filtration device is located at the lower end of the ultrafiltration membrane plate.

[0008] Buffer tank;

[0009] The inlet of the buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorption filter via a pipeline; the circulation port of the buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the adsorption filter via a pipeline.

[0010] Vacuum pump;

[0011] The vacuum pump is connected to the top of the buffer tank via a pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the first filter adsorption plate, the second filter adsorption plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate can all be disassembled.

[0013] Preferably, the adsorption filtration device is further provided with a stirring device, and the stirring device is located at the upper end of the first filter adsorption plate.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring device is a stirring paddle with a stirring shaft or a stirring frame with a stirring shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the height of the interlayer is 2 to 20 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the pore sizes of the first filter adsorption plate, the second filter adsorption plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate decrease sequentially.

[0017] Preferably, an esterification reaction device is also provided, and the outlet of the esterification reaction device is connected to the inlet of the adsorption filtration device through a pipeline.

[0018] Preferably, a reflux distillation device is also provided, which is connected to the outlet of the esterification device and the inlet of the adsorption filtration device via pipelines.

[0019] Preferably, a finished product storage tank is also provided, which is connected to the outlet of the buffer tank via a pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, each pipeline is equipped with a feed pump and valve.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] The laboratory purification device provided by this utility model has a simple structure, high purification efficiency, good purification effect, and high yield.

[0023] The laboratory purification device provided by this utility model is equipped with a vacuum pump and an adsorption filtration device. Adsorption filtration is carried out under negative pressure without alkali treatment or water washing. Purification can be carried out at room temperature, effectively reducing energy and water consumption and minimizing the loss of neutral oils.

[0024] The laboratory purification device provided by this utility model is small in size and can be placed in a fume hood or on a laboratory bench for operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the laboratory purification device provided by this utility model;

[0026] Wherein: 1-Adsorption filtration device, 2-First filter adsorption plate, 3-Second filter adsorption plate, 4-Ultrafiltration membrane plate, 5-Stirring device, 6-Vacuum pump, 7-Buffer tank, 8-Esterification reaction device, 9-Reflux distillation device, 10-Finished product storage tank, 11-Feed pump, 12-Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a laboratory purification device, comprising:

[0029] Adsorption filtration device 1;

[0030] The adsorption filtration device 1 is provided with a first adsorption filter plate 2, a second adsorption filter plate 3, and an ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside. The first adsorption filter plate 2, the second adsorption filter plate 3, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 are not connected to each other, and an interlayer is formed between adjacent layers. The feed inlet of the adsorption filtration device 1 is located at the upper end of the first adsorption filter plate 2. The discharge outlet of the adsorption filtration device 1 is located at the lower end of the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4.

[0031] Buffer tank 7;

[0032] The inlet of the buffer tank 7 is connected to the outlet of the adsorption filter device 1 via a pipeline; the circulation port of the buffer tank 7 is connected to the inlet of the adsorption filter device 1 via a pipeline.

[0033] Vacuum pump 6;

[0034] The vacuum pump 6 is connected to the top of the buffer tank 7 via a pipeline.

[0035] During operation, the oil to be purified enters the adsorption filtration device 1 through the feed inlet. The vacuum pump 6 is turned on, creating a negative pressure environment in the adsorption filtration device 1. The oil first passes through the first filter adsorption plate 2 to remove impurities and decolorize, then through the second filter adsorption plate 3 to remove residual fatty acids and deodorize, and finally through the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 to further improve product purity and remove residual impurities. It then flows through the buffer tank 7 and is repeatedly circulated back into the adsorption filtration device 1 for further purification, ultimately yielding high-quality oil.

[0036] In this invention, the outer edges of the first filter adsorption plate 2, the second filter adsorption plate 3, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 are aligned with the inner wall of the adsorption filtration device 1. Furthermore, for ease of cleaning and replacement, all three filters—the first filter adsorption plate 2, the second filter adsorption plate 3, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4—are detachable. This invention does not specify a particular disassembly and installation method; conventional methods in the art are acceptable. In this invention, the active material in the first filter adsorption plate 2 is activated carbon, alumina, filter cloth, or molecular sieve, intended to remove impurities and dehydrate. In this invention, the second filter adsorption plate 3 is a carbon fiber membrane, an adsorption resin membrane, or a polyamide membrane, used to remove residual fatty acids from oils and deodorize. In this invention, the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 can further improve product purity and remove residual impurities.

[0037] In this invention, to facilitate dispersion and mixing, a stirring device 5 is further provided inside the adsorption filtration device 1, and the stirring device 5 is located at the upper end of the first filter adsorption plate 2. The stirring device 5 is preferably a stirring paddle with a stirring shaft or a stirring frame with a stirring shaft.

[0038] In this invention, the height of the interlayer is preferably 2 to 20 cm.

[0039] In this invention, to facilitate purification, the pore sizes of the first filter adsorption plate 2, the second filter adsorption plate 3, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 decrease sequentially; the pore size of the first filter adsorption plate 2 is preferably >5μm; the pore size of the second filter adsorption plate 3 is preferably 1-5μm; and the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 is preferably <1μm.

[0040] In this invention, in order to facilitate continuous operation, an esterification reaction device 8 is further provided, and the outlet of the esterification reaction device 8 is connected to the inlet of the adsorption and filtration device 1 through a pipeline.

[0041] In this invention, to remove some small molecule impurities and deodorize, thereby improving efficiency, a reflux distillation device 9 is further provided. The reflux distillation device 9 is connected via pipelines to the outlet of the esterification device and the inlet of the adsorption filtration device 1. When the oil to be purified is not temperature-sensitive, reflux distillation can be performed first. When the oil to be purified is temperature-sensitive, the reflux distillation device 9 is turned off, and the oil directly enters the adsorption filtration device for purification.

[0042] In this utility model, in order to facilitate the storage of finished products, a finished product storage tank 10 is further provided, which is connected to the discharge port of the buffer tank 7 through a pipeline.

[0043] In this utility model, in order to facilitate material conveying and control operations, a feed pump 11 and a valve 12 are further provided on each pipeline.

[0044] To further illustrate this utility model, the technical solutions provided by this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Caprylic / capric acid and glycerol are added to the esterification reaction apparatus 8, and the catalyst is slowly added in batches to the esterification reaction apparatus 8. The material undergoes a gradient temperature increase reaction in the esterification reaction apparatus 8 to obtain a crude product, which is then transferred to the adsorption filtration apparatus 1. The adsorption filtration apparatus 1 is drawn under negative pressure by the vacuum pump 6. The adsorption filtration apparatus 1 removes impurities and decolorizes the oil through the first layer of filter adsorption plate 2 (pore size 10-15μm); it removes residual fatty acids and deodorizes the oil through the second layer of filter adsorption plate 3 (pore size 1-5μm); finally, it passes through the third layer of ultrafiltration membrane plate 4 (less than 1μm) and is repeatedly circulated from the buffer tank 7 back to the adsorption filtration apparatus 1 for purification, finally outputting high-quality oil with a yield greater than 90% and a purity greater than 99%.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A laboratory purification apparatus, characterized in that, include: Adsorption filtration device; The adsorption filtration device is provided with a first adsorption filter plate, a second adsorption filter plate, and an ultrafiltration membrane plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first adsorption filter plate, the second adsorption filter plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate are not connected to each other, and an interlayer is formed between adjacent layers. The feed inlet of the adsorption filtration device is located at the upper end of the first adsorption filter plate. The discharge outlet of the adsorption filtration device is located at the lower end of the ultrafiltration membrane plate. Buffer tank; The inlet of the buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorption filter via a pipeline; the circulation port of the buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the adsorption filter via a pipeline. Vacuum pump; The vacuum pump is connected to the top of the buffer tank via a pipeline.

2. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter adsorption plate, the second filter adsorption plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate can all be disassembled.

3. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption filtration device is also equipped with a stirring device, which is located at the upper end of the first filter adsorption plate.

4. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring device is a stirring paddle with a stirring shaft or a stirring frame with a stirring shaft.

5. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the interlayer is 2 to 20 cm.

6. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pore sizes of the first filter adsorption plate, the second filter adsorption plate, and the ultrafiltration membrane plate decrease sequentially.

7. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, An esterification reaction device is also provided, and the outlet of the esterification reaction device is connected to the inlet of the adsorption filtration device through a pipeline.

8. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is also equipped with a reflux distillation device, which is connected to the outlet of the esterification device and the inlet of the adsorption filtration device via pipelines.

9. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also has a finished product storage tank, which is connected to the outlet of the buffer tank via pipeline.

10. The laboratory purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Feed pumps and valves are installed on each pipeline.

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