Positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fibers

Abstract

The utility model provides a positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fibers. The positioning device comprises a perforation gun rotation control device, an audio signal generation device, a depth correction device, a perforation gun string and a pumping ring which are arranged in a sleeve, the perforating gun rotation control device and the audio signal generation device are connected with the ground system through cables respectively; the perforating gun rotation control device comprises a first fixed part and a first rotating part; the lower end of a first rotating part of the perforating gun rotating control device is connected with a perforating gun string; the perforating gun string is connected with a pumping ring; the audio signal generating device comprises a second fixed part and a second rotating part, the second rotating part synchronously rotates along with the first rotating part, and a sound wave transducer is arranged in the second rotating part. According to the invention, the positioning control of the tripping-in tool is realized, so that the perforating gun is adjusted to the orientation meeting the design requirement. The device is simple in structure and easy to implement, and the adjustment of the perforating gun can be accurately mastered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil well detection technology, and in particular to a positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve real-time, all-weather monitoring of wellbore integrity parameters and oil and gas production and profile parameters throughout the entire lifecycle of oil and gas wells, an increasing number of oil and gas wells are incorporating permanent optical fibers on the inner or outer surface of the casing during well completion. The deployment of these fibers presents a requirement for perforation completion operations: the orientation of the perforation holes must avoid the location of the optical fibers to prevent damage to the fibers on the casing surface when the perforating cartridge passes through. Therefore, the orientation of the perforating tool string needs to be calibrated before perforation ignition.

[0003] Existing directional perforation technologies in oil and gas well perforation operations mainly include gravity positioning, mechanical positioning, and gyroscope positioning, with some technologies combining two of these methods. These methods use tubing or cables as the transmission medium to adjust the position of the perforation tool string downhole, achieving directional perforation. However, they all share the premise of only considering whether the downhole orientation of the perforation tool string meets expectations, without considering the casing itself (e.g., whether optical fibers are deployed on the casing surface). Although the fiber optic deployment design can consider aligning the fiber optic orientation with a fixed reference point on the casing (or wellhead), i.e., directional fiber deployment, it is difficult to precisely control the final orientation of the casing string during casing running. Moreover, due to the influence of factors such as the total length of the casing string, wellbore conditions, and formation conditions on casing deformation, the deviation between the orientation of the casing and attached optical fibers at the target layer and the surface reference point is a variable that should be considered.

[0004] Therefore, for oil and gas wells with deployed optical fibers, a new directional perforation positioning device needs to be developed to meet the above requirements. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical defects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one embodiment of the present invention provides a positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber, comprising: a perforation gun rotation control device, an audio signal generator, a depth calibration device, a perforation gun string, and a pumping ring disposed within a sleeve.

[0007] The perforating gun rotation control device and the audio signal generator are respectively connected to the ground system via cables;

[0008] The perforating gun rotation control device includes a first fixed part and a first rotating part; the lower end of the first rotating part of the perforating gun rotation control device is connected to a perforating gun string, and the perforating gun string is connected to a pumping ring.

[0009] The audio signal generating device includes a second fixed part and a second rotating part. The second rotating part rotates synchronously with the first rotating part, and a sound wave transducer is disposed in the second rotating part.

[0010] More preferably, the perforating gun rotation control device includes a main control module, a communication module, and a drive motor; the cable connects to the communication module, and the communication module, the main control module, and the drive motor are connected in sequence.

[0011] More preferably, the power output end of the drive motor is connected to a slip ring, and the slip ring is located at the junction of the first fixed part and the first rotating part.

[0012] More preferably, the second fixing part includes a control module, a power module, and a pressure balancing device; the control module is connected to the ground system via a cable, the control module is connected to the power module, and the power module is connected to the acoustic transducer.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment includes a pressure balancing device, which comprises a piston, a piston sleeve, a spring, and hydraulic oil; the piston is disposed inside the piston sleeve; an inlet hole is provided on the surface of the piston sleeve on the left side of the piston; a spring is provided between the left side of the piston and the left wall of the sleeve; and hydraulic oil is filled between the right side of the piston and the piston sleeve.

[0014] More preferably, the depth calibration device includes a magnetic positioning depth calibration device and a gamma depth calibration device. The depth calibration device is disposed at the upper end of the first fixed part or the lower end of the first rotating part.

[0015] More preferably, a distributed optical fiber is fixedly installed on one side of the sleeve.

[0016] The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber provided in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages compared to the prior art: By setting up an audio signal generator, a sound wave signal is focused and emitted onto the inner wall of the casing. The optical signal changes caused by the sound wave signal are collected by distributed optical fiber, thereby realizing the positioning control of the lowering tool and adjusting the perforation gun to the position that meets the design requirements. The device has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and allows for precise control of the perforation gun adjustment.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device for the directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation gun rotation control device in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation gun rotation control device in this utility model.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Ground system; 2. Casing; 3. Cable; 4. Optical fiber; 5. Perforating gun rotation control device; 6. Magnetic positioning and depth correction device; 7. Perforating gun string; 8. Gamma depth correction device; 9. Pumping ring; Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes: a perforation gun rotation control device 5, an audio signal generator, a depth calibration device, a perforation gun string 7, and a pumping ring 9 disposed in the sleeve 2.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the perforating gun rotation control device 5 and the audio signal generating device are respectively connected to the ground system 1 via cable 3; the perforating gun rotation control device 5 includes a first fixed part and a first rotating part; the first fixed part is provided with a main control module 501, a communication module 502 and a drive motor 503; the cable 3 is connected to the communication module 502, and the communication module 502, the main control module 501 and the drive motor 503 are connected in sequence.

[0027] The power output end of the drive motor 503 is connected to a slip ring, which is located at the junction of the first fixed part and the first rotating part. The lower end of the first rotating part of the perforating gun rotation control device 5 is connected to the perforating gun string 7, which is connected to the pumping ring 9.

[0028] The audio signal generating device includes a second fixed part and a second rotating part. The second rotating part rotates synchronously with the first rotating part, and a sound wave transducer 202 is installed in the second rotating part. The second fixed part includes a control module, a power supply module, and a pressure balancing device. The control module is connected to the ground system 1 via a cable 3, and the control module is connected to the power supply module, which in turn is connected to the sound wave transducer. It also includes a pressure balancing device 201, which comprises a piston 2011, a piston sleeve 2012, a spring 2013, and hydraulic oil 2014. The piston is located inside the piston sleeve; a fluid inlet is located on the left side of the piston sleeve; a spring is located between the left side of the piston and the left wall of the sleeve; and hydraulic oil is filled between the right side of the piston and the piston sleeve. The drive motor is located in a motor compartment; an oil injection hole is located on the outer surface of the motor compartment; a connecting pipe is connected between the motor compartment and the piston sleeve; the motor compartment is filled with hydraulic oil, which flows between the right side of the piston and the motor compartment through the connecting pipe. When the tool string is on the ground, hydraulic oil is injected into the motor compartment through the oil injection hole, and the hydraulic oil reaches the right side of the piston through the connecting pipe. The piston moves to the left under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, compressing the spring to the predetermined position, at which point the entire hydraulic system establishes initial balance.

[0029] After the tool string is lowered into the well, the pressure exerted by the fluid column on the motor system gradually increases. At this point, the well fluid reaching the left side of the piston through the inlet hole pushes the piston to the right, establishing a dynamic pressure balance between the hydraulic oil inside the motor compartment and the well fluid outside the motor compartment, thus mitigating the risk of the motor being subjected to increasingly greater external pressure.

[0030] The pressure risk to the motor caused by the expansion of hydraulic oil due to the rise in well temperature and the heat released during continuous operation of the motor is also dynamically balanced through the above process.

[0031] The depth calibration device includes a magnetic positioning depth calibration device 6 and a gamma depth calibration device 7. The depth calibration device is located at the upper end of the first fixed part or the lower end of the first rotating part. A distributed optical fiber 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the sleeve 2.

[0032] In use, the perforating gun rotation control device 5 is connected to the ground system 1, receives control commands from the ground system 1, and drives the perforating tool string to complete a step-by-step rotation according to the control commands. The audio signal generator is connected to the ground system 1, and under the control of the ground system 1, emits an audio signal and focuses the audio signal onto the inner wall of the sleeve 2.

[0033] The perforation gun rotation control device and the audio signal generator are linked for control. On the one hand, the two rotate synchronously; on the other hand, every time the perforation tool string rotates by an angle (0-n steps), an audio signal wave train is emitted, which propagates in the direction perpendicular to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0034] Distributed optical fibers that reach the inner surface of the casing via wellbore fluid and sound waves propagating along the inner wall of the casing produce optical effects on source signals from the ground within the optical fibers.

[0035] The fiber optic monitoring module in the ground system is connected to the optical fiber on the surface of the casing, sending source signals into the fiber and receiving signals returned by the acquisition fiber. The system software analyzes the signals to determine the original azimuth, current azimuth, and the difference between the azimuth angle of the perforation tool string and the azimuth angle of the optical fiber.

[0036] Based on the above data and the perforation operation design, determine the azimuth angle that the perforating gun needs to be adjusted. Reactivate the perforating gun rotation control device and audio signal generator to adjust the perforating gun to the position required by the design.

[0037] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber, characterized in that, include: The perforating gun rotation control device, audio signal generator, depth correction device, perforating gun string, and pumping ring are installed inside the casing; The perforating gun rotation control device and the audio signal generator are respectively connected to the ground system via cables; The perforating gun rotation control device includes a first fixed part and a first rotating part; the lower end of the first rotating part of the perforating gun rotation control device is connected to a perforating gun string, and the perforating gun string is connected to a pumping ring. The audio signal generating device includes a second fixed part and a second rotating part. The second rotating part rotates synchronously with the first rotating part, and a sound wave transducer is disposed in the second rotating part.

2. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforating gun rotation control device includes a main control module, a communication module, and a drive motor; the cable connects to the communication module, and the communication module, the main control module, and the drive motor are connected in sequence.

3. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power output end of the drive motor is connected to a slip ring, which is located at the junction of the first fixed part and the first rotating part.

4. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fixing part includes a control module, a power module, and a pressure balancing device; the control module is connected to the ground system via a cable, the control module is connected to the power module, and the power module is connected to the acoustic transducer.

5. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure balancing device, which includes a piston, a piston sleeve, a spring, and hydraulic oil; the piston is disposed inside the piston sleeve; an inlet hole is provided on the surface of the piston sleeve on the left side of the piston; a spring is provided between the left side of the piston and the left wall of the sleeve; and hydraulic oil is filled between the right side of the piston and the piston sleeve.

6. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth calibration device includes a magnetic positioning depth calibration device and a gamma depth calibration device; the depth calibration device is located at the upper end of the first fixed part or the lower end of the first rotating part.

7. The positioning device for directional perforation based on distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Distributed optical fibers are fixedly installed on one side of the sleeve.

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