Hollow cathode suitable for iodine environment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hollow cathode suitable for an iodine environment, which belongs to the technical field of Hall propellers and comprises a barrel framework, a detachable barrel pipe, a heat preservation and heat insulation barrel, a heat preservation and heat insulation sleeve, a hollow cathode body, a hollow cathode body and a hollow cathode body. The threaded ceramic barrel is sleeved with the detachable barrel pipe, the heat preservation and insulation barrel is covered with the outer barrel, a packaging cover is detachably installed at the top end of the outer barrel and attached to the outer barrel, the heat preservation and insulation barrel and the threaded ceramic barrel, in addition, a cathode top cover is arranged at the top of the barrel framework, and a heat resistance ring is arranged in the detachable barrel pipe. The technical key points are as follows: the hollow cathode is formed by detachably connecting a plurality of parts, so that the whole hollow cathode has relatively strong detachability, and when internal components are corroded, the internal components can be independently detached and replaced, so that the use cost and the maintenance efficiency of the hollow cathode are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of Hall thruster technology, specifically a hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most electric propulsion systems use xenon as an inert gas propellant. Xenon is widely used due to its high atomic mass, low ionization energy, and compatibility with most materials. However, xenon requires high-pressure storage tanks in its supercritical state, along with pressure regulation and distribution systems to supply the gas to the thrust device at low pressure, significantly increasing system complexity. Compared to xenon, iodine offers extremely low cost and excellent storage performance. Iodine is stored in solid form, making the storage tank lightweight and compact. Furthermore, simple thermal control allows the propellant to sublimate and flow, further reducing system complexity.

[0003] However, iodine, as a halogen, is highly corrosive and reactive, and tends to react more readily with substances, thereby altering the internal material composition and geometry of the hollow cathode. Typically, these materials react at lower temperatures, but the reaction rate increases rapidly with rising temperature, and the operating temperature inside the hollow cathode often exceeds 1000℃.

[0004] Existing hollow cathodes for iodine environments typically have strong integrity. However, due to the extremely high internal temperature during operation and the strong corrosiveness of iodine, the internal components of the hollow cathode are easily corroded, causing it to malfunction. In such cases, the entire hollow cathode needs to be replaced, forcing the uncorroded parts to be discarded, which easily leads to resource waste. Therefore, to address the above problems, a hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments. The hollow cathode is composed of multiple detachable parts. During installation, a cylindrical frame is used as the base. First, the emitter is inserted into the cylindrical frame, and a cathode top cover is placed on top of it. Then, a threaded ceramic cylinder and a heat insulation cylinder are sequentially fitted outside the cylindrical frame. Next, a detachable tube is detachably connected to the bottom of the cylindrical frame. Then, an outer cylinder is placed outside the heat insulation cylinder and the detachable tube. Finally, the assembled structure is sealed with a cover to complete the assembly. The above technical solution makes the hollow cathode highly detachable. Therefore, when internal components are corroded, they can be disassembled and replaced individually, thereby reducing the use cost and maintenance efficiency of the hollow cathode. This solves the technical problem that in the prior art, hollow cathodes used in iodine environments usually have strong integrity. When some internal parts are corroded, the entire hollow cathode needs to be replaced, forcing the uncorroded parts to be discarded, thus causing a waste of resources.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of this application to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments includes a cylindrical frame with a threaded ceramic cylinder sleeved on its exterior. A heating wire is wound and installed inside the threaded ceramic cylinder, and an emitter is inserted into the cylindrical frame. A detachable tube is detachably connected to the bottom of the cylindrical frame. A thermal insulation cylinder is sleeved outside the threaded ceramic cylinder. An outer cylinder covers the thermal insulation cylinder. A sealing cap is detachably installed at the top of the outer cylinder, which fits against the outer cylinder, the thermal insulation cylinder, and the threaded ceramic cylinder. In addition, a cathode top cover is provided at the top of the cylindrical frame, and a heat-insulating ring is provided in the detachable tube. Based on the above technical solution, the hollow cathode is composed of multiple detachable parts, giving the hollow cathode a strong degree of detachability. Therefore, when internal components corrode, they can be individually disassembled and replaced, thereby reducing the usage cost and maintenance efficiency of the hollow cathode.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the heating wire comprises a spiral wire wound around a threaded ceramic cylinder, with a wire electrically connected to its tip. The wire extends through the encapsulation cover to the outside and is sealed to the encapsulation cover by a sealing plug. This structure allows the working heating spiral wire to be connected to an external circuit via the wire, while the sealing plug ensures a sealing effect at the wiring point.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the outer wall of the threaded ceramic cylinder is provided with a threaded groove whose size matches that of the spiral wire. The threaded groove provides the necessary structural basis for the winding and installation of the spiral wire.

[0010] In one possible implementation, an interface is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cylindrical frame, and a connecting tube is fixedly provided at the top end of the detachable cylindrical tube. The interface is inserted into the connecting tube. Based on the above structural form, the detachable connection between the cylindrical frame and the detachable cylindrical tube can be completed by the insertion action between the connecting tube and the interface.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a limiting ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cylindrical frame. The diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the threaded ceramic cylinder. The limiting ring can play a positioning role in the installation of the threaded ceramic cylinder, thereby improving its installation efficiency and the accuracy of the installation position.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a central groove is provided on the bottom plate of the thermal insulation cylinder, and a slot communicating with the central groove is provided on the lower end face of the thermal insulation cylinder. A retaining ring is fixedly provided on the upper part of the detachable cylinder, the size of which matches the slot. The above structure can realize the snap-fit ​​connection between the detachable cylinder and the thermal insulation cylinder, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation and sealing effect at the connection and the fixed position of the thermal insulation cylinder.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the heat-insulating cylinder includes an insulating layer and a heat-insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer is disposed on the inner wall of the heat-insulating layer, so as to play an insulating role and prevent the heating wire from electrical contacting the outside, and the heat-insulating layer plays a heat-insulating role.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the cylindrical skeleton, threaded ceramic cylinder, detachable tube, sealing cap, cathode top cover, and heat-insulating ring are all made of ceramic material, namely, dodecacalcium heptaaluminate, which has strong resistance to iodine corrosion, thereby improving the service life of the internal components of the hollow cathode.

[0015] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] The hollow cathode is composed of multiple detachable parts. With a cylindrical frame as the base, the emitter is first inserted into the cylindrical frame, and a cathode top cover is placed on top of it. Then, a threaded ceramic cylinder and a heat insulation cylinder are sequentially fitted outside the cylindrical frame. Next, a detachable tube is detachably connected to the bottom of the cylindrical frame. Then, an outer cylinder is placed over the heat insulation cylinder and the detachable tube. Finally, the assembled structure is sealed with a cover to complete the assembly. The above technical solution makes the hollow cathode highly detachable. Therefore, when the internal components are corroded, they can be disassembled and replaced individually, thereby reducing the cost of using the hollow cathode and improving maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural configuration of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation cylinder structure of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder frame; 11. Limiting ring; 12. Interface; 2. Threaded ceramic cylinder; 21. Threaded groove; 3. Heating wire; 31. Helical wire; 32. Wiring; 33. Sealing plug; 4. Detachable cylinder; 41. Heat-insulating ring; 42. Connecting cylinder; 43. Snap ring; 5. Thermal insulation cylinder; 51. Central groove; 52. Snap groove; 501. Insulation layer; 502. Heat insulation layer; 6. Outer cylinder; 7. Emitter; 8. Encapsulation cover; 9. Cathode top cover. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution in this application embodiment is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0024] like Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments, comprising a cylindrical frame 1, an externally fitted threaded ceramic cylinder 2, in which a heating wire 3 is wound and installed, and an emitter 7 is inserted into the cylindrical frame 1, a detachable tube 4 detachably connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical frame 1, a thermal insulation cylinder 5 fitted outside the threaded ceramic cylinder 2, and an outer cylinder 6 covering the thermal insulation cylinder 5. A sealing cap 8 is detachably installed at the top of the outer cylinder 6, which fits against the outer cylinder 6, the thermal insulation cylinder 5, and the threaded ceramic cylinder 2. Furthermore, a cathode top cover 9 is provided at the top of the cylindrical frame 1, and a heat-insulating ring 41 is provided in the detachable tube 4. Based on the above technical solution, the hollow cathode is composed of multiple detachably connected parts, giving the hollow cathode a strong degree of detachability. Therefore, when internal components corrode, they can be individually disassembled and replaced, thereby reducing the usage cost and maintenance efficiency of the hollow cathode.

[0025] Among them, the cylindrical skeleton 1, the threaded ceramic cylinder 2, the detachable cylinder tube 4, the sealing cover 8, the cathode top cover 9, and the heat-insulating ring 41 are all made of ceramic material. The ceramic material is dodecacalcium heptaaluminate, which has strong resistance to iodine corrosion, thereby improving the service life of the internal components of the hollow cathode.

[0026] like Figure 2 - Figure 3 As shown, the heating wire 3 includes a spiral wire 31 wound around the outside of the threaded ceramic cylinder 2. The top end of the spiral wire 31 is electrically connected to a wiring 32, which extends through the encapsulation cover 8 to the outside and is sealed to the encapsulation cover 8 by a sealing plug 33. The above structure allows the spiral wire 31, which is in operation for heating, to be connected to an external circuit through the wiring 32, while the sealing plug 33 ensures the sealing effect at the wiring point. In addition, a threaded groove 21 is provided on the outer wall of the threaded ceramic cylinder 2. The size of the groove matches the size of the spiral wire 31. The threaded groove 21 provides the necessary structural foundation for the winding and installation of the spiral wire 31.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, an interface 12 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cylindrical frame 1, and a connecting tube 42 is fixedly provided at the top end of the detachable cylindrical tube 4. The interface 12 is inserted into the connecting tube 42. Based on the above structure, the detachable connection between the cylindrical frame 1 and the detachable cylindrical tube 4 can be completed by the insertion action between the connecting tube 42 and the interface 12. In addition, a limiting ring 11 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the cylindrical frame 1. Its diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the threaded ceramic cylinder 2. The limiting ring 11 can play a positioning role in the installation of the threaded ceramic cylinder 2, thereby improving its installation efficiency and the accuracy of the installation position.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, a central groove 51 is provided on the bottom plate of the heat insulation cylinder 5, and a slot 52 communicating with the central groove 51 is provided on the lower end face of the heat insulation cylinder 5. A retaining ring 43 is fixedly provided on the upper part of the detachable cylinder 4, and its size matches the slot 52. The above structure can realize the snap-fit ​​connection between the detachable cylinder 4 and the heat insulation cylinder 5, thereby ensuring the heat insulation and sealing effect at the connection and the fixed position of the heat insulation cylinder 5. In addition, the heat insulation cylinder 5 includes an insulation layer 501 and a heat insulation layer 502. The insulation layer 501 is provided on the inner wall of the heat insulation layer 502. The insulation layer 501 plays an insulating role to prevent the heating wire 3 from making electrical contact with the outside, and the heat insulation layer 502 plays a heat insulation role.

[0029] The working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0030] The hollow cathode is composed of multiple detachable parts. With the cylindrical frame 1 as the base, the emitter 7 is first inserted into the cylindrical frame 1, and a cathode top cover 9 is placed on top of it. Then, a threaded ceramic cylinder 2 and a heat insulation cylinder 5 are sequentially fitted outside the cylindrical frame 1. Next, a detachable tube 4 is detachably connected to the bottom of the cylindrical frame 1. Then, an outer cylinder 6 is fitted over the heat insulation cylinder 5 and the detachable tube 4. Finally, the assembled structure is sealed with a sealing cap 8 to complete the assembly. The above technical solution makes the hollow cathode highly detachable. Therefore, when the internal components are corroded, they can be disassembled and replaced individually, thereby reducing the use cost and maintenance efficiency of the hollow cathode.

[0031] In addition, the cylinder frame 1, the threaded ceramic cylinder 2, the detachable cylinder tube 4, the sealing cover 8, the cathode top cover 9, and the heat-insulating ring 41 are all made of ceramic material, namely calcium heptaaluminate, which has strong resistance to iodine corrosion, thereby improving the service life of the internal components of the hollow cathode.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above description are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all possible embodiments. However, any obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments, characterized in that, include: A cylindrical frame (1) is fitted with a threaded ceramic cylinder (2) on its outside, in which a heating wire (3) is wound and installed, and an emitter (7) is inserted into the cylindrical frame (1); A detachable tube (4) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the tube frame (1); The heat insulation cylinder (5) is fitted outside the threaded ceramic cylinder (2); The outer cylinder (6) is covered outside the heat insulation cylinder (5); The outer cylinder (6) is detachably fitted with a sealing cap (8) at its top, which fits into the outer cylinder (6), the heat insulation cylinder (5) and the threaded ceramic cylinder (2). In addition, the top of the cylinder frame (1) is provided with a cathode top cover (9), and the detachable cylinder tube (4) is provided with a heat-insulating ring (41).

2. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating wire (3) includes a spiral wire (31) wound around the outside of the threaded ceramic cylinder (2), with a wire (32) electrically connected to its top end, which extends through the encapsulation cover (8) to the outside and is sealed to the encapsulation cover (8) by a sealing plug (33).

3. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the threaded ceramic cylinder (2) is provided with a threaded groove (21), the size of which matches the size of the spiral wire (31).

4. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cylindrical frame (1) is fixedly provided with an interface (12), and the top end of the detachable cylindrical tube (4) is fixedly provided with a connecting tube (42), wherein the interface (12) is inserted into the connecting tube (42).

5. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cylindrical frame (1) is fixedly provided with a limiting ring (11), the diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the threaded ceramic cylinder (2).

6. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the heat insulation cylinder (5) has a through groove (51), and the lower end face of the heat insulation cylinder (5) has a slot (52) that communicates with the through groove (51). The upper part of the detachable cylinder (4) is fixedly provided with a retaining ring (43), the size of which matches the slot (52).

7. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation cylinder (5) includes an insulation layer (501) and a heat insulation layer (502), wherein the insulation layer (501) is disposed on the inner wall of the heat insulation layer (502).

8. A hollow cathode suitable for iodine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical frame (1), threaded ceramic cylinder (2), detachable tube (4), encapsulation cover (8), cathode top cover (9) and heat-insulating ring (41) are all made of ceramic material, which is calcium heptacalcium aluminate.

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