Bidirectional loading shaft sleeve test bench
By using axial and radial traction mechanisms and thrust bearing structures in the sleeve testing equipment, the problem of low load in existing equipment is solved, load stability and precise control are achieved, and the test accuracy and equipment adaptability are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422895280.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing bushing testing equipment has a low load after the loading spring fatigues and ages, resulting in large test errors and difficulty in achieving accurate load control.
Axial and radial traction mechanisms are used instead of spring loading, and the test load is applied through axial and radial weights. Combined with clearance or interference fit design, thrust bearings and rotating sleeve structures are used to reduce friction and wear, achieving stable and precise load control.
It improves the accuracy and stability of the test, adapts to the testing needs of sleeves of different sizes and specifications, reduces test errors, and improves the application range and test efficiency of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223485743U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bushing testing technology, and in particular to a bidirectional loading bushing test bench. Background Technology
[0002] Bushings, such as automotive flange bushings, often require radial and axial loads to test the wear resistance of their flange faces and inner walls. Existing testing equipment, as shown in patent application number CN2013100211135, includes a motor, a spindle, a mounting base, radial loading springs, and axial loading springs. During testing, the bushing is placed in the mounting base, and the mounting base with the bushing is placed on the spindle. The motor drives the spindle to rotate, and the radial and axial loading springs apply axial and radial loads to the bearings, respectively, to test the wear resistance of the bushing's flange faces and inner walls.
[0003] However, with existing testing equipment, the elasticity of the radial and axial loading springs decreases, resulting in lower loads and larger testing errors. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing testing equipment that tend to underload tests and thus increase testing errors, this invention proposes a bidirectional loading bushing test bench to improve testing accuracy.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a bidirectional loading bushing test bench, comprising a frame and a test station, wherein the test station includes a traction rope, a test shaft, a test seat, an axial traction mechanism, a radial traction mechanism, a power mechanism, and a reversing mechanism. The test shaft is axially slidably connected and rotatably connected to the frame. The power mechanism is used to drive the test shaft to rotate. The test shaft is clearance-fitted or interference-fitted with the inner circumference of the bushing to be tested. The test seat is tightly fitted with the outer circumference of the bushing to be tested. The radial traction mechanism is connected to the test seat. A ball, a ball contact block, and a friction element are provided at the outer end of the test shaft. The friction element is sleeved on the outer end of the test shaft and rotates synchronously with the test shaft circumferentially. The ball abuts against the end of the ball contact block and is spaced apart from the test shaft. The other end of the traction rope is connected to the axial traction mechanism. The axial traction mechanism axially pulls the traction rope to pull the ball and push the ball contact block and the friction element to move, so that the friction element presses against the end face of the bushing to be tested.
[0006] First, by using axial and radial traction mechanisms instead of the existing spring loading method, the problem of load force variation caused by spring fatigue and aging can be effectively avoided. The test load is applied through these axial and radial traction mechanisms, which can be selected according to actual testing needs to achieve different loading forces. This also allows for more precise control of the loading force, resulting in a more stable and accurate test load and improved testing accuracy. Second, the clearance or interference fit design between the test shaft and the bushing under test, as well as the tight fit design between the test seat and the outer circumference of the bushing under test, allows the test bench to adapt to the testing needs of bushings of different sizes and specifications, increasing the application range of the equipment. Finally, the ball abuts against the end of the ball contact block and is spaced apart from the test shaft, ensuring that the friction element is always in contact with the end face of the bushing under test. This spaced arrangement also avoids rigid friction between the ball and the test shaft, minimizing ball wear.
[0007] Furthermore, the test shaft is provided with a rope-threading channel that runs through both ends, and the end of the traction rope passes through the rope-threading channel and is detachably connected to the sphere.
[0008] With the above setup, by setting a cable-passing channel inside the test shaft, the traction rope can be completely hidden inside the test shaft, making the entire test bench structure more compact and neat, reducing messy external cables, and effectively reducing interference from external environmental factors on the traction rope. The traction rope can transmit force to the ball more directly, reducing friction loss in intermediate links, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the loading force as much as possible, thereby further improving the accuracy of the test. In addition, the detachable connection design of the traction rope also makes it easy to remove the axial weights and the ball for replacement of the bushing.
[0009] Furthermore, a first thrust bearing is provided at the outer end of the test shaft, and the first thrust bearing is located between the friction element and the ball contact block.
[0010] With the above configuration, the first thrust bearing can ensure the accurate transmission of axial load while effectively avoiding direct contact between the friction component and the ball contact block, thereby reducing wear between the friction component and the ball contact block.
[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the ball contact block that contacts the ball is a concave spherical surface.
[0012] With the above settings, the curvature of the concave spherical surface matches that of the sphere, resulting in a tighter fit, reduced gaps in the contact surface, and improved contact stability and reliability, thereby driving the friction components more stably.
[0013] Furthermore, the frame is provided with a rotating sleeve connected to the output end of the power mechanism. The rotating sleeve is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame. The inner end of the test shaft is located inside the rotating sleeve and slides axially with the rotating sleeve. The test shaft and the rotating sleeve are circumferentially fixed.
[0014] With the above settings, the design of the rotating sleeve reduces the direct contact between the test shaft and the frame, as well as the direct contact between the output end of the power mechanism and the test shaft, thereby reducing the wear of the test shaft. The rotating sleeve can distribute the output force of the power mechanism more evenly, reduce local overload, and ensure that the test shaft is more stable during rotation, thus further improving the accuracy of the test.
[0015] Furthermore, a second thrust bearing is provided at the outer end of the test shaft, and the second thrust bearing is located between the rotating sleeve and the test seat.
[0016] With the above configuration, the second thrust bearing is used to block the rigid friction between the rotating sleeve and the test seat, thereby reducing the wear of the limit sleeve.
[0017] Furthermore, a limiting groove is provided axially on the inner side of the rotating sleeve, and a fixing key adapted to the limiting groove is fixedly connected to the side of the test shaft, and the fixing key is slidably connected in the limiting groove.
[0018] Through the above settings, the cooperation between the fixed key and the limiting slide ensures that the test shaft will not shift circumferentially during rotation, guaranteeing the accuracy of the direction and magnitude of the applied force, reducing errors caused by axial position changes, and improving the accuracy of test results.
[0019] Furthermore, the rotating sleeve includes a first main sleeve and a limiting sleeve. The first main sleeve is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame. The limiting groove is disposed inside the first main sleeve. One end of the first main sleeve is provided with an installation groove adapted to the limiting sleeve. One end of the limiting groove extends through the installation groove. The limiting sleeve is locked in the installation groove and a limiting surface for limiting the fixing key is formed at the end of the limiting groove. The test shaft passes through the limiting sleeve and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve. The end of the traction rope extends into the first main sleeve and is connected to the ball.
[0020] With the above settings, the limiting sleeve is locked in the mounting groove and a limiting surface is formed at the end of the limiting slide groove. This can accurately limit the axial position of the fixed key, reduce the vibration of the test shaft during axial sliding, and improve the stability of the system.
[0021] Furthermore, the test station also includes a reversing mechanism. The axial traction mechanism includes an axial weight, and the radial traction mechanism includes a radial weight. The traction rope is reversing under the gravity of the axial weight and through the reversing mechanism to pull the ball and push the ball contact block and friction component to move.
[0022] By using radial and axial weights instead of the spring loading method used in existing technologies, the problem of load force changes caused by spring fatigue and aging can be effectively avoided. The test load is applied by axial and radial weights, and the mass of the axial and radial weights can be selected according to actual test requirements to facilitate the achievement of different loading forces. At the same time, the magnitude of the loading force can be controlled more precisely, making the test load more stable and accurate, and improving the accuracy of the test.
[0023] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a first linear driver, a motion beam, and multiple swing arms. One end of each swing arm is hinged to the motion beam, and the other end of each swing arm is hinged to a rotating sleeve. The motion beam extends in the front-back direction and is positioned above the test station. The first linear driver is used to drive the motion beam to move back and forth and drive the rotating sleeve to rotate reciprocally through the swing arms.
[0024] With the above settings, multiple rotating sleeves can be driven to rotate back and forth, allowing multiple sleeves to be tested at the same time, which greatly improves the testing efficiency of the sleeves to be tested. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a side view of a utility model bidirectional loading bushing test bench.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the testing station of the utility model.
[0027] Figure 3 For utility model Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A.
[0028] In the diagram, 3 is the frame; 4 is the rotating sleeve; 41 is the first main sleeve; 42 is the limiting sleeve; 5 is the test shaft; 51 is the rope passage; 6 is the test seat; 7 is the radial weight; 8 is the friction element; 9 is the traction rope; 10 is the axial weight; 11 is the reversing mechanism; 111 is the second thrust bearing; 112 is the first thrust bearing; 12 is the swing arm; 120 is the ball contact block; 121 is the concave spherical surface; 13 is the moving beam; 130 is the key; 15 is the first linear actuator; 16 is the support seat; 17 is the support bearing; 18 is the limiting groove; 19 is the fixing key; 20 is the ball; and 200 is the sleeve to be tested. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments.
[0030] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0031] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this utility model, the number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this utility model.
[0032] It should be understood that in this invention, "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product or device.
[0033] It should be understood that in this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, X and / or Y can represent: X alone, X and Y simultaneously, or Y alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "Contains X, Y, and Z", "Contains X, Y, and Z" means that all three X, Y, and Z are contained; "Contains X, Y, or Z" means that one of X, Y, and Z is contained; "Contains X, Y, and / or Z" means that any one, two, or three of X, Y, and Z are contained.
[0034] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be selected to be combined or substituted with each other according to the actual situation, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.
[0035] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this utility model provides a bidirectional loading bushing test bench, including a frame 3 and a test station. The test station includes a traction rope 9, a test shaft 5, a test seat 6, an axial traction mechanism, a radial traction mechanism, and a power mechanism. The test shaft 5 is axially slidably connected and rotatably connected to the frame 3. The power mechanism is used to drive the test shaft 5 to rotate. The test shaft 5 has a clearance fit or an interference fit with the inner circumference of the bushing 200 to be tested. The test seat 6 has a tight fit with the outer circumference of the bushing 200 to be tested. The radial traction mechanism is connected to the test seat 6. The outer end of the test shaft 5 is provided with a ball 20, a ball contact block 120 and a friction element 8. The friction element 8 is sleeved on the outer end of the test shaft 5 and rotates synchronously with the test shaft 5 in the circumferential direction. The ball 20 abuts against the end of the ball contact block 120 and is spaced apart from the test shaft 5. One end of the traction rope 9 is connected to the ball 20, and the other end of the traction rope 9 is vertically connected to the axial traction mechanism. The axial traction mechanism pulls the traction rope 9 to pull the ball 20 and push the ball contact block 120 and the friction element 8 to move, so that the friction element 8 presses the end face of the sleeve 200 to be tested.
[0036] Through the above settings, firstly, by using radial weights 7 and axial weights 10 instead of the spring loading method used in the prior art, the problem of load force changes caused by spring fatigue and aging can be effectively avoided. The test load is applied by the axial weights 10 and radial weights 7, the mass of which can be selected according to actual test requirements, facilitating the achievement of different loading forces. Simultaneously, the magnitude of the loading force can be more precisely controlled, resulting in a more stable and accurate test load and improving test accuracy. Secondly, the clearance fit or interference fit design between the test shaft 5 and the test sleeve 200, and the tight fit design between the test seat 6 and the outer periphery of the test sleeve 200, enable the test bench to adapt to the testing requirements of test sleeves 200 of different sizes and specifications, increasing the application range of the equipment. Finally, the ball 20 abuts against the end of the ball contact block 120 and is spaced apart from the test shaft 5, ensuring that the friction element 8 is always in contact with the end face of the test sleeve 200. This spaced arrangement also avoids rigid friction between the ball 20 and the test shaft 5, minimizing wear on the ball 20.
[0037] It should be noted that the test holder 6 has a ring structure. The ring structure can effectively disperse stress, reduce stress concentration, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
[0038] Preferably, the testing station further includes a reversing mechanism 11, an axial traction mechanism including an axial weight 10, and a radial traction mechanism including a radial weight 7. Instead of the existing spring-loaded method, the traction rope, under the gravity of the radial weight 7 and after being reversed by the reversing mechanism 11, pulls the ball 20 to move the ball contact block 120 and the friction element 8. The masses of the axial weight 10 and the radial weight 7 can be selected according to actual testing requirements, facilitating the achievement of different loading forces. This also allows for more precise control of the loading force, resulting in a more stable and accurate test load and improved testing accuracy.
[0039] Understandably, in other embodiments, the axial traction mechanism and the radial traction mechanism can also be traction machines. The traction machine of the radial traction mechanism radially tractions the test seat, applying a radial tension to the test seat so that the inner wall of the test seat is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the bushing to be tested. The traction machine of the axial traction mechanism applies an axial tension to the traction rope to pull the traction rope in a linear motion, thereby pulling the ball to push the ball contact block and friction element to move, so that the friction element presses against the end face of the bushing to be tested. Furthermore, the output force of the traction machine can be directly adjusted according to requirements.
[0040] Preferably, the gap between the test shaft 5 and the bushing 200 to be tested is within 0.1 mm, which helps to maintain the stability and consistency of the testing process, thereby reducing testing errors. If the gap is greater than 0.1 mm, it is easy to cause shaking or displacement during the test, increasing the testing error.
[0041] Understandably, in other embodiments, the test shaft and the bushing under test can also be an interference fit, with the interference amount within 0.2mm, which improves the stability and reliability of the test. If the interference amount is greater than 0.2mm, the excessive interference will make the assembly between the bushing under test and the test shaft very difficult, requiring the use of special tools or greater force to complete the installation, thus increasing the difficulty of the test.
[0042] To further improve the accuracy of the test, a rope-passing channel 51 is provided inside the test shaft 5, which runs through both ends. The end of the traction rope 9 passes through the rope-passing channel 51 and is detachably connected to the ball 20. The traction rope 9 can be completely hidden inside the test shaft 5, making the entire test bench structure more compact and neat, reducing external messy cables, and effectively reducing the interference of external environmental factors on the traction rope 9. The traction rope 9 can transmit force to the ball 20 more directly, reducing friction loss in the intermediate links, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the loading force as much as possible, thereby further improving the accuracy of the test. In addition, the detachable connection design of the traction rope 9 also makes it easy to remove the axial weight 10 and the ball 20 for replacement of the test bushing 200.
[0043] Furthermore, the frame 3 is equipped with a rotating sleeve 4 connected to the output end of the power mechanism. The rotating sleeve 4 is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame 3. The inner end of the test shaft 5 is located inside the rotating sleeve 4 and slides axially with the rotating sleeve 4. The test shaft 5 and the rotating sleeve 4 are circumferentially fixed. The design of the rotating sleeve 4 reduces the direct contact between the test shaft 5 and the frame 3, as well as the direct contact between the output end of the power mechanism and the test shaft 5, thus reducing the wear of the test shaft 5. The rotating sleeve 4 can distribute the output force of the power mechanism more evenly, reduce local overload, and ensure that the test shaft 5 rotates more smoothly, thereby further improving the accuracy of the test.
[0044] Specifically, a limiting groove 18 is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 4 along the axial direction, and a fixing key 19 adapted to the limiting groove 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the test shaft 5. The fixing key 19 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 18.
[0045] Through the above settings, the cooperation between the fixed key 19 and the limiting slide 18 ensures that the test shaft 5 will not shift circumferentially during rotation, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the direction and magnitude of the applied force, reducing errors caused by axial position changes, and improving the accuracy of the test results.
[0046] When the rotating sleeve 4 of this application rotates, the test shaft 5 is driven to rotate synchronously by the fixing key 19, that is, the test shaft 5 is circumferentially fixed in the rotating sleeve 4; when the test shaft 5 moves axially, the fixing key 19 moves along the limiting slide groove 18.
[0047] The rotating sleeve 4 includes a first main sleeve 41 and a limiting sleeve 42. The first main sleeve 41 is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame 3. The limiting groove 18 is provided inside the first main sleeve 41. One end of the first main sleeve 41 is provided with an installation groove that is adapted to the limiting sleeve 42. One end of the limiting groove 18 extends through to the installation groove. The limiting sleeve 42 is locked in the installation groove, and a limiting surface for limiting the fixing key 19 is formed at the end of the limiting groove 18. The test shaft 5 passes through the limiting sleeve 42 and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve 42. The end of the traction rope 9 extends into the first main sleeve 41 and is connected to the ball 20.
[0048] With the above settings, the limiting sleeve 42 is locked in the mounting groove and a limiting surface is formed at the end of the limiting slide groove 18, which can accurately limit the axial position of the fixing key 19, reduce the vibration of the test shaft 5 during axial sliding, and improve the stability of the system.
[0049] The first main sleeve 41 of this application is horizontally rotatably connected in the support base 16. When installing the test shaft 5, the test shaft 5 is inserted into the first main sleeve 41 through the mounting groove, and the fixing key 19 enters the limiting slide groove 18. Then, the limiting sleeve 42 is put on the test shaft 5 and embedded in the mounting groove. A ring threaded cap is tightened at the end of the first main sleeve 41. The ring threaded cap abuts against the outer end of the limiting sleeve 42 to prevent the limiting sleeve 42 from coming out of the mounting groove. The limiting sleeve 42 prevents the test shaft 5 from being pulled outward. At this point, the installation of the test shaft 5 is completed. The inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 42 is adapted to the outer diameter of the test shaft 5, so that the test shaft 5 is not easy to wobble when rotating around the axis. When testing the test sleeve 200, the side of the test seat 6 away from the friction element 8 abuts against the limiting sleeve 42, and the limiting sleeve 42 supports the test seat 6.
[0050] Since the friction element 8 and the ball contact block 120 exhibit rigid friction, as do the rotating sleeve 4 and the test seat 6, significant wear is inevitable, potentially leading to uneven force distribution and affecting the test. Therefore, in this embodiment, a first thrust bearing 112 is provided at the outer end of the test shaft 5. Located between the friction element 8 and the ball contact block 120, the first thrust bearing 112 ensures accurate transmission of axial load while effectively preventing direct contact between the friction element 8 and the ball contact block 120, thus reducing wear on both. Additionally, a second thrust bearing 111 is provided at the outer end of the test shaft 5, located between the rotating sleeve 4 and the test seat 6. The second thrust bearing 111 serves to block the rigid friction between the rotating sleeve 4 and the test seat 6, thereby reducing wear on the limiting sleeve 42.
[0051] The frame 3 of this application is a frame structure assembled from profiles, which is lightweight and has good stability. Specifically, the bushing 200 to be tested is a bushing with a flange, and the wear resistance of its inner wall and flange surface needs to be tested. During testing, the bushing 200 to be tested is pressed into the test seat 6, and the inner wall of the test seat 6 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the bushing 200, preventing relative rotation between them. The outer diameter of the test shaft 5 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the bushing 200 to be tested. The bushing 200 to be tested is placed on the outer end of the test shaft 5, with the flange surface of the bushing 200 facing outwards. At this time, the test shaft 5 and the bushing to be tested... The inner wall of the sleeve 200 is clearance-fitted, with the upper inner wall of the sleeve 200 abutting against the upper side of the test shaft 5. The test shaft 5 and the sleeve 200 can rotate freely relative to each other. A radial weight 7 is hung on the lower side of the test seat 6. The gravity of the radial weight 7 pulls the test seat 6 vertically downward, causing the sleeve 200 to be subjected to a downward radial force and pressed against the upper side of the test shaft 5. A friction element 8 is fitted onto the outer end of the test shaft 5 and locked. The friction element 8 is located on the side of the sleeve 200 away from the rotating sleeve 4. One side of the friction element 8 is an annular plane that abuts against the flange surface of the sleeve 200. When the test shaft 5 rotates to test the sleeve 200, the friction element 8 is inserted into the test shaft 5 and installed by connecting it with a key 130. The length of the key 130 is less than that of the friction element 8 to avoid contact between the key 130 and the test seat 6 and the first thrust bearing 112 as much as possible. Furthermore, the surface of the ball contact block 120 that contacts the ball 20 is a concave spherical surface 121, with a depth approximately 1 / 5 that of the ball 20. The ball 20 does not contact the test shaft 5, and the distance between the ball 20 and the test shaft 5 is greater than the thickness of the flange of the bushing 200 under test. The ball contact block 120 is mounted on the test shaft 5 with a loose fit. An axial weight 10 is hung at the lower end of the traction rope 9. The axial weight 10 applies an axial force to the ball 20 through the traction rope 9. The axial force on the ball 20 from the traction rope 9 pushes the ball contact block 120 inward, ensuring that the friction element 8 is always in contact with the flange surface of the bushing 200 under test. The friction element 8 can move, always maintaining contact with the flange surface of the bushing 200 under test.
[0052] After the power mechanism drives the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate around the axis, the rotating sleeve 4, the test shaft 5, and the friction element 8 rotate synchronously. However, the test seat 6, due to the gravity of the radial weight 7, basically does not rotate. That is, the test sleeve 200 inside the test seat 6 basically does not rotate. At this time, the test sleeve 200 and the test shaft 5 rotate relative to each other, and the test shaft 5 rubs against the inner wall of the test sleeve 200. In addition, the ball 20 pushes the ball contact block 120, causing the first thrust bearing 112 to push the friction element 8, thus causing the friction... The rubbing element 8 presses against the flange face of the bushing 200 to be tested, and the friction element 8 rubs against the flange face of the bushing 200 to be tested. According to the test requirements of the bushing 200 to be tested, during the test, the power mechanism first drives the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate clockwise to the test angle, and then drives the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate counterclockwise to the test angle. This cycle is repeated multiple times, and the inner wall and flange face of the bushing 200 to be tested are rubbed back and forth. After multiple cycles, the power mechanism stops, and the bushing 200 to be tested is taken out to observe the wear condition of the flange face and inner wall in order to determine whether the wear resistance is qualified.
[0053] The specific steps for removing the bushing 200 to be tested are as follows: Separate the end of the traction rope 9 from the ball 20, remove the ball contact block 120, the first thrust bearing 112, and the friction element 8, replace the bushing 200 to be tested, and after replacement, reconnect the ball 20 to the traction rope 9 and perform the test again following the steps described above. As one implementation method, the reversing mechanism 11 is set as a pulley mounted on the frame 3, through which the traction rope 9 changes direction.
[0054] It should be noted that the traction rope 9 of this application can be connected to the ball 20 by knotting. The outer diameter of the ball 20 is larger than the outer diameter of the test shaft 5 to prevent the ball 20 from entering the threading hole as a whole. The axial weight 10 pulls the ball 20 through the traction rope 9.
[0055] Specifically, the frame 3 is provided with multiple test stations. The power mechanism includes a first linear driver 15, a motion beam 13 and multiple swing arms 12. One end of the multiple swing arms 12 is hinged to the motion beam 13, and the other end of the multiple swing arms 12 is hinged to the rotating sleeve 4. The motion beam 13 extends in the front-back direction and is set above the test station. The first linear driver 15 is used to drive the motion beam 13 to move back and forth and drive the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate back and forth through the swing arms 12.
[0056] With the above settings, a first linear driver 15 drives multiple rotating sleeves 4 to reciprocate, which can test multiple sleeves 200 to be tested at the same time, greatly improving the testing efficiency of the sleeves 200 to be tested.
[0057] The first linear actuator 15 can be driven by a cylinder or other similar device. A force sensor can be loaded onto the first linear actuator 15 to collect push and pull forces and evaluate the magnitude of system friction to assess the friction of the bushing 200 under test. The first linear actuator 15 is mounted on the frame 3 in a basically front-to-back direction.
[0058] Understandably, in other embodiments, the motor directly drives the rotating sleeve or test shaft to rotate, eliminating the intermediate transmission structure and enabling individual testing of a single test sleeve 200 at a single test station.
[0059] As one implementation, the test station also includes a support base 16 and a support bearing 17. The support base 16 is mounted on the frame 3, the rotating sleeve 4 passes through the support base 16 and is rotatably connected to the support base 16, and the support bearing 17 is installed between the support base 16 and the rotating sleeve 4.
[0060] With the above settings, the support bearing 17 can effectively reduce the vibration of the rotating sleeve 4 during rotation, reduce the rotational resistance of the rotating sleeve 4, and improve the stability of the system.
[0061] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench, characterized in that, The system includes a frame and a testing station. The testing station includes a traction rope, a testing shaft, a testing seat, an axial traction mechanism, a radial traction mechanism, and a power mechanism. The testing shaft is axially slidably connected and rotatably connected to the frame. The power mechanism drives the testing shaft to rotate. The testing shaft has a clearance fit or an interference fit with the inner circumference of the bushing to be tested. The testing seat has a tight fit with the outer circumference of the bushing to be tested. The radial traction mechanism is connected to the testing seat. The outer end of the testing shaft is provided with a ball, a ball contact block, and a friction element. The friction element is sleeved on the outer end of the testing shaft and rotates synchronously with the testing shaft in the circumferential direction. The ball abuts against the end of the ball contact block and is spaced apart from the testing shaft. One end of the traction rope is connected to the ball, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the axial traction mechanism. The axial traction mechanism axially pulls the traction rope to pull the ball and push the ball contact block and the friction element to move, so that the friction element presses against the end face of the bushing to be tested.
2. The bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test shaft has a rope-threading channel that runs through both ends, and the end of the traction rope passes through the rope-threading channel and is detachably connected to the sphere.
3. The bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the test shaft is provided with a first thrust bearing, which is located between the friction element and the ball contact block.
4. The bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the ball contact block that contacts the ball is a concave spherical surface.
5. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is provided with a rotating sleeve connected to the output end of the power mechanism. The rotating sleeve is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame. The inner end of the test shaft is located inside the rotating sleeve and slides axially with the rotating sleeve. The test shaft and the rotating sleeve are circumferentially fixed.
6. The bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second thrust bearing is provided at the outer end of the test shaft, and the second thrust bearing is located between the rotating sleeve and the test base.
7. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner side of the rotating sleeve is provided with a limiting groove along the axial direction, and the side of the test shaft is fixedly connected with a fixing key that is adapted to the limiting groove. The fixing key is slidably connected in the limiting groove.
8. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating sleeve includes a first main sleeve and a limiting sleeve. The first main sleeve is horizontally rotatably connected to the frame. The limiting groove is disposed inside the first main sleeve. One end of the first main sleeve is provided with an installation groove that is adapted to the limiting sleeve. One end of the limiting groove extends through the installation groove. The limiting sleeve is locked in the installation groove and a limiting surface for limiting the fixing key is formed at the end of the limiting groove. The test shaft passes through the limiting sleeve and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve. The end of the traction rope extends into the first main sleeve and is connected to the ball.
9. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test station also includes a reversing mechanism. The axial traction mechanism includes an axial weight, and the radial traction mechanism includes a radial weight. The traction rope is pulled by the gravity of the axial weight and reversed by the reversing mechanism to pull the ball and push the ball contact block and friction component to move.
10. A bidirectional loading bushing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power mechanism includes a first linear actuator, a motion beam, and multiple swing arms. One end of each swing arm is hinged to the motion beam, and the other end of each swing arm is hinged to a rotating sleeve. The motion beam extends in the front-back direction and is positioned above the test station. The first linear actuator drives the motion beam to move back and forth and drives the rotating sleeve to rotate reciprocally through the swing arms.