Electrochromic diaphragm

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochromism, and discloses an electrochromism membrane which comprises a first transparent substrate, a first conducting layer, a color changing layer, an ion transmission layer, an ion storage layer, a second conducting layer and a second transparent substrate which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode. A plurality of first extraction electrodes are arranged on the side surface of the first conductive layer and protrude out of the side surface of the first conductive layer; a plurality of second extraction electrodes are arranged on the side surface of the second conductive layer and protrude out of the side surface of the second conductive layer; on any side face of the electrochromic membrane, the first extraction electrodes and the second extraction electrodes located on the side face are alternately distributed at intervals in the length extension direction of the side face; the first busbar is connected with the plurality of first extraction electrodes; the second busbar is connected to the plurality of second extraction electrodes. Compared with the prior art, the electrochromic diaphragm has the advantages that the color changing response speed and the color changing uniformity of the electrochromic diaphragm can be improved, and it is guaranteed that the color changing conditions of all positions of the electrochromic diaphragm are consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochromic technology, specifically to electrochromic films. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic films (EC films), as smart materials based on electrochemical reactions that alter optical properties (such as color and transparency) by applying voltage, are widely used in energy-efficient building windows, automotive rearview mirrors, and dimmable displays. In these applications, the busbars of electrochromic films primarily function to conduct current and distribute charge. The arrangement of these busbars directly affects the film's performance and stability, thus becoming a key aspect of technological optimization.

[0003] In related technologies, buses are generally placed on the upper and lower conductive layers of the electrochromic film. Specifically, buses are arranged around the color-changing area, for example, by attaching copper tape or printing silver paste around the conductive layer. However, this approach has certain drawbacks: ① Due to the bus resistance and the sheet resistance of the film, traditional wiring methods cause voltage variations at different locations on the film, especially at the furthest point where the lead is inserted, where the voltage drops to its lowest point. Since the lead directly enters the conductive layer, the potential energy is highest near the power input point and lowest at the furthest point, which is not conducive to the orderly movement of electrons or ions, resulting in uneven color change. ② Because the current distribution on the film may be uneven, the electrochromic film will change color slowly and unevenly, with inconsistent color changes at different locations. For example, areas farther from the bus may respond slowly due to voltage drops, resulting in varying color depths. ③ In this wiring method, the voltage is highest at the lead connection end. The diaphragm color-changing layer, ion storage layer, or ion transport layer is relatively sensitive to voltage, and increasing the voltage can easily cause breakdown damage.

[0004] Therefore, a solution is needed to improve the color-changing response speed and color-changing uniformity of electrochromic films, ensuring that the color-changing situation is consistent at all locations of the electrochromic film. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an electrochromic film to solve the problems of slow color change response speed and uneven color change of electrochromic films in related technologies, and inconsistent color change at different positions of electrochromic films.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides an electrochromic film, comprising:

[0007] The electrochromic film comprises a first transparent substrate, a first conductive layer, a color-changing layer, an ion transport layer, an ion storage layer, a second conductive layer, and a second transparent substrate, which are sequentially stacked. The first conductive layer has multiple first lead-out electrodes on its side, protruding from the side of the first conductive layer. The second conductive layer has multiple second lead-out electrodes on its side, protruding from the side of the second conductive layer. On any side of the electrochromic film, along the length of that side, the first and second lead-out electrodes are alternately distributed.

[0008] The first bus is located on the side of the first lead electrode facing away from the first conductive layer and surrounds the side of the first conductive layer; the first bus is connected to a plurality of first lead electrodes;

[0009] The second bus is located on the side of the second lead electrode facing away from the second conductive layer and surrounds the side of the second conductive layer; the second bus is connected to multiple second lead electrodes.

[0010] The electrochromic film provided by this utility model, on the one hand, has multiple first lead-out electrodes disposed on the side of the first conductive layer, the first lead-out electrodes protruding from the side of the first conductive layer; and multiple second lead-out electrodes disposed on the side of the second conductive layer, the second lead-out electrodes protruding from the side of the second conductive layer; on any side of the electrochromic film, along the length extension direction of that side, the first lead-out electrodes and second lead-out electrodes located on that side are alternately distributed, so that the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions is relatively balanced, and there is a certain distance between the first lead-out electrodes on the first conductive layer and the second lead-out electrodes on the second conductive layer. With a consistent voltage, the imbalance of potential energy between the nearest and farthest ends is effectively resolved, thus ensuring relatively regular transport of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer, resulting in uniform color change of the electrochromic film. Furthermore, by alternately arranging the first and second lead-out electrodes, the electrode distance between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer is increased, reducing voltage sensitivity and improving the film's voltage withstand capability. This allows it to adapt to a wider voltage range, and the use of higher voltages to provide greater potential energy accelerates the movement of ions or electrons between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer, thereby improving the response speed of the EC electrochromic film. Therefore, the electrochromic film provided by this invention can improve the color-changing response speed and uniformity of the electrochromic film, ensuring consistent color change at all locations on the electrochromic film.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, a second lead electrode is disposed between adjacent first lead electrodes; and a first lead electrode is disposed between adjacent second lead electrodes.

[0012] The first lead-out electrode is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first conductive layer or a conductive material sheet adhered to the first conductive layer; the second lead-out electrode is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second conductive layer or a conductive material sheet adhered to the second conductive layer.

[0013] The first bus is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first lead electrode or a conductive material sheet adhered to the first lead electrode; the second bus is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second lead electrode or a conductive material sheet adhered to the second lead electrode.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, a first groove is provided between adjacent first lead electrodes; a second groove is provided between adjacent second lead electrodes.

[0015] The width of the first groove is greater than the width of the first lead-out electrode; the width of the second groove is greater than the width of the second lead-out electrode;

[0016] The projection of the first lead electrode onto the plane of the second conductive layer is located in the second groove, and the projection of the second lead electrode onto the plane of the first conductive layer is located in the first groove.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, the first groove extends through the edge of the first transparent substrate;

[0018] The second groove extends through the edge of the second transparent substrate.

[0019] In one optional implementation, the first bus is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first lead electrode closest to the first power input terminal is designated as the target first lead electrode; the first lead electrode furthest from the first power input terminal is designated as the furthest first lead electrode.

[0020] The second busbar is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second lead electrode closest to the second power input terminal is taken as the target second lead electrode; the second lead electrode farthest from the second power input terminal is taken as the farthest second lead electrode.

[0021] The first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other; or: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on two opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode.

[0022] The resistance between the farthest first lead-out electrode and the target first lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode;

[0023] The resistance between the farthest second lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode.

[0024] The electrochromic film provided by this utility model is configured such that the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other; or: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode; the resistance between the farthest first target electrode and the first target electrode is less than the resistance between the first target electrode and the second target electrode; the farthest second target electrode... The resistance between the lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode; this allows the potential energy to be preferentially transferred to the farthest end, preventing the potential energy from concentrating at the power input end, and making the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different locations relatively balanced. The first lead-out electrode on the first conductive layer and the second lead-out electrode on the second conductive layer have the same voltage, effectively solving the imbalance of potential energy between the nearest and farthest ends, thereby making the transmission of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer relatively regular, thus making the color change of the electrochromic film uniform.

[0025] In one alternative implementation, the first target lead-out electrode and the second target lead-out electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target lead-out electrode and the second target lead-out electrode are adjacent to each other.

[0026] The electrochromic film provided by this invention has a first target electrode and a second target electrode located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other. This can make the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions relatively balanced, so that the first target electrode on the first conductive layer and the second target electrode on the second conductive layer have the same voltage, effectively solving the problem of the potential energy imbalance between the nearest and farthest ends. At the same time, it makes the transmission of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer relatively regular, thereby making the color change of the electrochromic film uniform.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, the spacing between two adjacent first lead electrodes decreases as the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode increases;

[0028] The spacing between two adjacent second lead electrodes decreases as the distance between the second lead electrode and the target second lead electrode increases.

[0029] The width of the first lead-out electrode is the same as the width of the second lead-out electrode;

[0030] The distance between the farthest first lead electrode and its adjacent first lead electrode is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the first lead electrode;

[0031] The distance between the farthest second lead and its adjacent second lead is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the second lead.

[0032] The electrochromic film provided by this invention features a design where the spacing between two adjacent first leads decreases as the distance between the first lead and the target first lead increases; the spacing between two adjacent second leads decreases as the distance between the second lead and the target second lead increases; the distance between the farthest first lead and its adjacent first lead is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the first lead; and the distance between the farthest second lead and its adjacent second lead is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the second lead. This design balances the potential energy of the leads at each position, mitigates the potential difference caused by circuit resistance, and thus improves the color-changing response speed and uniformity of the electrochromic film, ensuring consistent color changes at all positions.

[0033] In one alternative implementation, the width of the first lead electrode is the same as the width of the second lead electrode;

[0034] The spacing between two adjacent first leads is the same as the spacing between two adjacent second leads;

[0035] The first and second lead-out electrodes are evenly and alternately distributed.

[0036] The electrochromic film provided by this utility model has the following advantages: the width of the first lead electrode is the same as the width of the second lead electrode; the spacing between two adjacent first lead electrodes is the same as the spacing between two adjacent second lead electrodes; and the first lead electrodes and the second lead electrodes are evenly and alternately distributed. This can make the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions relatively balanced, improve the voltage resistance of the electrochromic film, and thus improve the color change response speed and color change uniformity of the electrochromic film.

[0037] In one alternative implementation, the width of the first lead electrode increases as the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode increases.

[0038] The electrochromic film provided by this utility model, by setting the width of the first lead electrode to increase with the increase of the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode, can make the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions relatively balanced, improve the voltage resistance of the electrochromic film, and thus improve the color change response speed and color change uniformity of the electrochromic film.

[0039] In one optional embodiment, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of one or both of PET and SiO2.

[0040] The materials for the first and second conductive layers are WuO3, indium tin oxide, or silver nanowires.

[0041] The materials for the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer are organic polymer materials or inorganic materials;

[0042] The ion transport layer is made of a transparent conductive material in liquid, colloidal, or thin film form;

[0043] The conductive dielectric sheet is a sheet-like structure made of silver paste, copper paste, or conductive ink;

[0044] The conductive material sheet is either copper tape or carbon tape. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a top view of the first conductive layer of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a top view of the second conductive layer of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a top perspective view of the first and second conductive layers of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first conductive layer and the first transparent substrate of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention in the 1-1 direction.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the first conductive layer and the first transparent substrate of another electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention in the 1-1 direction.

[0052] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of the second conductive layer and the second transparent substrate of an electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention in the 2-2 direction.

[0053] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the second conductive layer and the second transparent substrate of another electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention in the 2-2 direction.

[0054] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the first conductive layer and the first transparent substrate of an electrochromic film according to another embodiment of the present invention in the 1-1 direction.

[0055] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the second conductive layer and the second transparent substrate of another electrochromic film according to an embodiment of the present invention in the 2-2 direction.

[0056] Reference numerals:

[0057] 1. First transparent substrate; 2. First conductive layer; 3. Color-changing layer; 4. Ion transport layer; 5. Ion storage layer; 6. Second conductive layer; 7. Second transparent substrate; 8. First lead-out electrode; 9. Second lead-out electrode; 10. First busbar; 11. Second busbar; 12. First groove; 13. Second groove; 14. Third groove; 15. Fourth groove. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0059] Electrochromic films (EC films), as smart materials based on electrochemical reactions that alter optical properties (such as color and transparency) by applying voltage, are widely used in energy-efficient building windows, automotive rearview mirrors, and dimmable displays. In these applications, the busbars of electrochromic films primarily function to conduct current and distribute charge. The arrangement of these busbars directly affects the film's performance and stability, thus becoming a key aspect of technological optimization.

[0060] In related technologies, buses are generally placed on the upper and lower conductive layers of the electrochromic film. Specifically, buses are arranged around the color-changing area, for example, by attaching copper tape or printing silver paste around the conductive layer. However, this approach has certain drawbacks: ① Due to the bus resistance and the sheet resistance of the film, traditional wiring methods cause voltage variations at different locations on the film, especially at the furthest point where the lead is inserted, where the voltage drops to its lowest point. Since the lead directly enters the conductive layer, the potential energy is highest near the power input point and lowest at the furthest point, which is not conducive to the orderly movement of electrons or ions, resulting in uneven color change. ② Because the current distribution on the film may be uneven, the electrochromic film will change color slowly and unevenly, with inconsistent color changes at different locations. For example, areas farther from the bus may respond slowly due to voltage drops, resulting in varying color depths. ③ In this wiring method, the voltage is highest at the lead connection end. The diaphragm color-changing layer, ion storage layer, or ion transport layer is relatively sensitive to voltage, and increasing the voltage can easily cause breakdown damage.

[0061] refer to Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides an electrochromic film, comprising:

[0062] The electrochromic film comprises a first transparent substrate 1, a first conductive layer 2, a color-changing layer 3, an ion transport layer 4, an ion storage layer 5, a second conductive layer 6, and a second transparent substrate 7, which are stacked sequentially. The first conductive layer 2 has multiple first lead-out electrodes 8 protruding from its side. The second conductive layer 6 has multiple second lead-out electrodes 9 protruding from its side. On any side of the electrochromic film, the first lead-out electrodes 8 and second lead-out electrodes 9 are alternately distributed along the length of that side.

[0063] The first bus 10 is located on the side of the first lead-out electrode 8 facing away from the first conductive layer 2 and surrounds the side of the first conductive layer 2; the first bus 10 is connected to a plurality of first lead-out electrodes 8;

[0064] The second bus 11 is located on the side of the second lead electrode 9 facing away from the second conductive layer 6 and surrounds the side of the second conductive layer 6; the second bus 11 is connected to a plurality of second lead electrodes 9.

[0065] The basic principle of electrochromic film color change is that when a voltage is applied to the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 6, the color-changing layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 exchange ions or electrons through the ion transport layer 4, thereby producing color change. When the positive and negative terminals of the power supply are reversed, a reversible change occurs, thereby changing between different colors (light and dark).

[0066] The electrochromic film provided in this embodiment, on the one hand, has multiple first lead-out electrodes disposed on the side of the first conductive layer, with the first lead-out electrodes protruding from the side of the first conductive layer; and multiple second lead-out electrodes disposed on the side of the second conductive layer, with the second lead-out electrodes protruding from the side of the second conductive layer; on any side of the electrochromic film, along the length extension direction of that side, the first lead-out electrodes and second lead-out electrodes located on that side are alternately distributed, so that the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions is relatively balanced, and there is a certain potential energy distribution between the first lead-out electrodes on the first conductive layer and the second lead-out electrodes on the second conductive layer. With a consistent voltage, the imbalance of potential energy between the nearest and farthest ends is effectively resolved, thus ensuring relatively regular transport of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer, resulting in uniform color change of the electrochromic film. Furthermore, by alternately arranging the first and second lead-out electrodes, the electrode distance between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer is increased, reducing voltage sensitivity and improving the film's voltage withstand capability. This allows it to adapt to a wider voltage range, and the use of higher voltages to provide greater potential energy accelerates the movement of ions or electrons between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer, thereby improving the response speed of the EC electrochromic film. Therefore, the electrochromic film provided by this invention can improve the color-changing response speed and color uniformity of the electrochromic film, ensuring consistent color change at all locations on the electrochromic film.

[0067] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a second lead-out electrode 9 is provided between adjacent first lead-out electrodes 8; a first lead-out electrode 8 is provided between adjacent second lead-out electrodes 9.

[0068] The first lead electrode 8 is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first conductive layer 2 or a conductive material sheet pasted to the first conductive layer 2; the second lead electrode 9 is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second conductive layer 6 or a conductive material sheet pasted to the second conductive layer 6.

[0069] The first bus 10 is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first lead electrode 8 or a conductive material sheet attached to the first lead electrode 8; the second bus 11 is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second lead electrode 9 or a conductive material sheet attached to the second lead electrode 9.

[0070] In specific implementation, the first lead electrode 8 is adapted to be formed by printing a conductive medium on the side of the first conductive layer 2 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet; the second lead electrode 9 is adapted to be formed by printing a conductive medium on the side of the second conductive layer 6 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet.

[0071] The first busbar 10 is adapted to be formed by printing a conductive medium on the side of the first lead electrode 8 away from the first conductive layer 2 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet; the second busbar 11 is adapted to be formed by printing a conductive medium on the side of the second lead electrode 9 away from the second conductive layer 6 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet.

[0072] In some alternative implementations, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, a first groove 12 is provided between adjacent first lead electrodes 8; a second groove 13 is provided between adjacent second lead electrodes 9;

[0073] The width of the first groove 12 is greater than the width of the first lead-out electrode 8; the width of the second groove 13 is greater than the width of the second lead-out electrode 9;

[0074] The projection of the first lead electrode 8 onto the plane of the second conductive layer 6 is located in the second groove 13, and the projection of the second lead electrode 9 onto the plane of the first conductive layer 2 is located in the first groove 12.

[0075] In specific implementation, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first lead electrode 8 is adapted to be formed by etching the first conductive layer 2 to obtain the first groove 12, and the protrusion between adjacent first grooves 12 is used as the first lead electrode 8; the second lead electrode 9 is adapted to be formed by etching the second conductive layer 6 to obtain the second groove 13, and the protrusion between adjacent second grooves 13 is used as the second lead electrode 9.

[0076] In other embodiments, the first lead electrode 8 can also be formed by etching the first conductive layer 2 to obtain the first groove 12, and printing a conductive medium at the protruding positions between adjacent first grooves 12 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet; the second lead electrode 9 is adapted to be formed by etching the second conductive layer 6 to obtain the second groove 13, and printing a conductive medium at the protruding positions between adjacent second grooves 13 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting a conductive material sheet.

[0077] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the first groove 12 penetrates the edge of the first transparent substrate 1;

[0078] The second groove 13 extends through the edge of the second transparent substrate 7.

[0079] In specific implementation, the first groove 12 penetrates the edge of the first transparent substrate, and the first groove 12 becomes Figure 5The third groove 14 in the first lead electrode 8 is adapted to be formed by cutting the first transparent substrate 1 and the first conductive layer 2 to obtain the third groove 14, and the first conductive layer protrusion between adjacent third grooves 14 is used as the first lead electrode 8; at this time, there is also a protrusion on the side of the first transparent substrate 1 corresponding to the position of the first lead electrode 8.

[0080] The second groove 13 penetrates the edge of the second transparent substrate, and the second groove 13 becomes Figure 7 The fourth groove 15 in the middle; the second lead electrode 9 is adapted to obtain the third groove 14 by cutting the second transparent substrate 7 and the second conductive layer 6, and the second conductive layer protrusion between adjacent fourth grooves 15 is formed as the second lead electrode 9; at this time, there is also a protrusion on the side of the second transparent substrate 7 corresponding to the position of the second lead electrode 9.

[0081] In other embodiments, the first lead electrode 8 can also be formed by cutting the first transparent substrate 1 and the first conductive layer 2 to obtain the first groove 12, and printing conductive medium at the protruding positions between adjacent first grooves 12 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting conductive material sheets; the second lead electrode 9 is adapted to be formed by cutting the second transparent substrate 7 and the second conductive layer 6 to obtain the second groove 13, and printing conductive medium at the protruding positions between adjacent second grooves 13 to form a conductive medium sheet or by pasting conductive material sheets.

[0082] In some alternative implementations, the first bus 10 is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first lead electrode 8 closest to the first power input terminal is designated as the target first lead electrode; the first lead electrode 8 furthest from the first power input terminal is designated as the furthest first lead electrode.

[0083] The second bus 111 is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second lead electrode 9 closest to the second power input terminal is taken as the target second lead electrode; the second lead electrode 9 farthest from the second power input terminal is taken as the farthest second lead electrode.

[0084] The first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other; or: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on two opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode.

[0085] The resistance between the farthest first lead-out electrode and the target first lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode;

[0086] The resistance between the farthest second lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode.

[0087] In specific implementation, the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other, that is, the first power input terminal and the second power input terminal are located on the same side and are closest to each other; or: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on two opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode, that is, the first power input terminal and the second power input terminal are located on opposite sides and are farthest from each other.

[0088] The first lead-out electrode 8 and the second lead-out electrode 9 are alternately distributed. The distribution interval of the first lead-out electrode 8 and / or the second lead-out electrode 9 is calculated by comparing the conductivity resistance of the first bus 10 and / or the second bus 111 with the resistance of the ion transport layer 4.

[0089] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first lead-out electrodes 8 are arranged from farthest to closest to the first power input terminal as A1, B1, C1...N1; the second lead-out electrodes 9 are arranged from farthest to closest to the second power input terminal as A2, B2, C2...N2. Among the first lead-out electrodes 8, A1, which is closest to the first power input terminal, is the target first lead-out electrode, and N1, which is farthest from the first power input terminal, is the farthest first lead-out electrode. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the second lead-out electrode 9, A2, which is closest to the second power input terminal, is the target second lead-out electrode, and N2, which is farthest from the second power input terminal, is the farthest second lead-out electrode. Therefore, the resistance between A1 and N1 is less than the resistance between A1 and A2; the resistance between A2 and N2 is less than the resistance between A1 and A2. If the resistance between the farthest first lead-out electrode and the target first lead-out electrode is much greater than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode (i.e., the resistance between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer), the farthest first lead-out electrode will lose its potential energy, and all the potential energy will be concentrated at the power input terminal, resulting in unevenness of the film.

[0090] The electrochromic film provided in this embodiment is configured such that the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other; or: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode; the resistance between the farthest first target electrode and the first target electrode is less than the resistance between the first target electrode and the second target electrode; the resistance between the farthest second target electrode and the second target electrode is less than the resistance between the first target electrode and the second target electrode; the resistance between the farthest second target electrode and the second target electrode is less than the resistance between the first target electrode and the second target electrode. The resistance between the output electrode and the target second output electrode is less than the resistance between the target first output electrode and the target second output electrode; this allows the potential energy to be preferentially transferred to the farthest end, preventing the potential energy from concentrating at the power input end, and making the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different locations relatively balanced. The first output electrode on the first conductive layer and the second output electrode on the second conductive layer have the same voltage, effectively solving the imbalance of potential energy between the nearest and farthest ends, thereby making the transmission of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer relatively regular, thus making the color change of the electrochromic film uniform.

[0091] In some alternative implementations, the first target lead electrode and the second target lead electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target lead electrode and the second target lead electrode are adjacent to each other.

[0092] In specific implementation, when the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the positions of the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent, that is, when the first power input terminal and the second power input terminal are located on the same side and are closest to each other, the potential energy of the nearest and farthest ends can be better balanced, so that the first target electrode on the first conductive layer and the second target electrode on the second conductive layer have the same voltage, and at the same time, the transmission of electrons or ions between the color-changing layer and the ion storage layer is relatively regular, thereby making the color change of the electrochromic film uniform.

[0093] In some alternative implementations, the spacing between two adjacent first lead electrodes 8 decreases as the distance between the first lead electrode 8 and the target first lead electrode increases;

[0094] The spacing between two adjacent second lead electrodes 9 decreases as the distance between the second lead electrode 9 and the target second lead electrode increases.

[0095] In specific implementation, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the distance between two adjacent first lead electrodes 8 gradually decreases as they move away from the first power input terminal; the distance between two adjacent second lead electrodes 9 gradually decreases as they move away from the second power input terminal.

[0096] In some alternative implementations, the width of the first lead electrode 8 is the same as the width of the second lead electrode 9;

[0097] The distance between the farthest first lead electrode 8 and its adjacent first lead electrode 8 is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the first lead electrode;

[0098] The distance between the farthest second lead electrode 9 and its adjacent second lead electrode 9 is equal to or greater than 2.2 times the width of the second lead electrode.

[0099] In specific implementation, the distance between the farthest first lead electrode 8 and its adjacent first lead electrode 8 refers to the distance between the centers of the two lead electrodes. If based on the net distance between the edges of the two electrodes, the net distance between the edges of the farthest first lead electrode 8 and its adjacent first lead electrode 8 is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the width of the first lead electrode; the net distance between the edges of the farthest second lead electrode 9 and its adjacent second lead electrode 9 is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the width of the second lead electrode.

[0100] The electrochromic film provided in this embodiment has the following features: the spacing between two adjacent first leads decreases as the distance between the first lead and the target first lead increases; the spacing between two adjacent second leads decreases as the distance between the second lead and the target second lead increases; the spacing between the farthest first lead and its adjacent first lead is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the first lead; and the spacing between the farthest second lead and its adjacent second lead is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the second lead. This configuration balances the potential energy of the leads at each position, mitigates the potential difference caused by circuit resistance, and thus improves the color-changing response speed and uniformity of the electrochromic film, ensuring consistent color changes at all positions of the electrochromic film.

[0101] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 9 As shown, the width of the first lead-out electrode 8 is the same as the width of the second lead-out electrode 9;

[0102] The spacing between two adjacent first lead-out electrodes 8 is the same as the spacing between two adjacent second lead-out electrodes 9;

[0103] The first lead-out electrode 8 and the second lead-out electrode 9 are evenly and alternately distributed.

[0104] The electrochromic film provided in this embodiment has the following advantages: the width of the first lead electrode is the same as the width of the second lead electrode; the spacing between two adjacent first lead electrodes is the same as the spacing between two adjacent second lead electrodes; and the first and second lead electrodes are evenly and alternately distributed. This can make the potential energy distribution between the first and second conductive layers at different positions relatively balanced, improve the voltage resistance of the electrochromic film, and thus improve the color change response speed and color change uniformity of the electrochromic film.

[0105] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 10 As shown, the width of the first lead electrode 8 increases as the distance between the first lead electrode 8 and the target first lead electrode increases.

[0106] The electrochromic film provided in this embodiment, by setting the width of the first lead electrode to increase with the increase of the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode, can make the potential energy distribution between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at different positions relatively balanced, improve the voltage resistance of the electrochromic film, and thus improve the color change response speed and color change uniformity of the electrochromic film.

[0107] In some optional embodiments, the materials of the first transparent substrate 1 and the second transparent substrate 7 are one or both of PET and SiO2;

[0108] The materials of the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 6 are WuO3, indium tin oxide, or silver nanowires;

[0109] The materials of the color-changing layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 are organic polymer materials or inorganic materials;

[0110] The material of ion transport layer 4 is a transparent conductive material in liquid, colloidal or thin film form;

[0111] The conductive dielectric sheet is a sheet-like structure made of silver paste, copper paste, or conductive ink;

[0112] The conductive material sheet is either copper tape or carbon tape.

[0113] In the description of this specification, the terms "this embodiment," "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrochromic film, characterized in that, The electrochromic film includes: A first transparent substrate, a first conductive layer, a color-changing layer, an ion transport layer, an ion storage layer, a second conductive layer, and a second transparent substrate are sequentially stacked. The first conductive layer has multiple first lead-out electrodes on its side, each protruding from the side of the first conductive layer. The second conductive layer has multiple second lead-out electrodes on its side, each protruding from the side of the second conductive layer. On any side of the electrochromic film, along the length of that side, the first lead-out electrodes and second lead-out electrodes are alternately distributed on that side. The first bus is located on the side of the first lead-out electrode facing away from the first conductive layer and surrounds the side of the first conductive layer; the first bus is connected to a plurality of the first lead-out electrodes; The second bus is located on the side of the second lead electrode facing away from the second conductive layer and surrounds the side of the second conductive layer; the second bus is connected to a plurality of the second lead electrodes.

2. The electrochromic film according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second lead electrode is disposed between adjacent first lead electrodes; a first lead electrode is disposed between adjacent second lead electrodes. The first lead-out electrode is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first conductive layer or a conductive material sheet adhered to the first conductive layer; the second lead-out electrode is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second conductive layer or a conductive material sheet adhered to the second conductive layer. The first bus is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the first lead electrode or a conductive material sheet attached to the first lead electrode; the second bus is a conductive dielectric sheet connected to the second lead electrode or a conductive material sheet attached to the second lead electrode.

3. The electrochromic film according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first groove is provided between adjacent first lead electrodes; a second groove is provided between adjacent second lead electrodes; The width of the first groove is greater than the width of the first lead-out electrode; the width of the second groove is greater than the width of the second lead-out electrode; The projection of the first lead electrode onto the plane of the second conductive layer is located in the second groove, and the projection of the second lead electrode onto the plane of the first conductive layer is located in the first groove.

4. The electrochromic film according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first groove extends through the edge of the first transparent substrate; The second groove extends through the edge of the second transparent substrate.

5. The electrochromic film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first busbar is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first lead electrode closest to the first power input terminal is taken as the target first lead electrode; the first lead electrode farthest from the first power input terminal is taken as the farthest first lead electrode. The second busbar is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second lead electrode closest to the second power input terminal is taken as the target second lead electrode; the second lead electrode farthest from the second power input terminal is taken as the farthest second lead electrode; The first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on the same side of the electrochromic film, and the first target electrode and the second target electrode are adjacent to each other. Alternatively: the first target electrode and the second target electrode are located on two opposite sides, the first target electrode is adjacent to the farthest second target electrode, and the second target electrode is adjacent to the farthest first target electrode; The resistance between the farthest first lead-out electrode and the target first lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode; The resistance between the farthest second lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode is less than the resistance between the target first lead-out electrode and the target second lead-out electrode.

6. The electrochromic film according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent first lead electrodes decreases as the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode increases; The spacing between two adjacent second lead electrodes decreases as the distance between the second lead electrode and the target second lead electrode increases; The width of the first lead-out electrode is the same as the width of the second lead-out electrode; The distance between the farthest first lead-out electrode and its adjacent first lead-out electrode is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the first lead-out electrode; The distance between the farthest second lead electrode and its adjacent second lead electrode is greater than or equal to 2.2 times the width of the second lead electrode.

7. The electrochromic film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the first lead-out electrode is the same as the width of the second lead-out electrode; The spacing between two adjacent first leads is the same as the spacing between two adjacent second leads; The first lead-out electrode and the second lead-out electrode are evenly and alternately distributed.

8. The electrochromic film according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of the first lead electrode increases as the distance between the first lead electrode and the target first lead electrode increases.

9. The electrochromic film according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the first transparent substrate is PET or SiO2; The material of the second transparent substrate is PET or SiO2; The material of the first conductive layer is WuO3, indium tin oxide, or silver nanowires; The material of the second conductive layer is WuO3, indium tin oxide, or silver nanowires; The material of the color-changing layer is an organic polymer material or an inorganic material; The material of the ion storage layer is an organic polymer material or an inorganic material; The ion transport layer is made of a transparent conductive material in liquid, colloidal, or thin film form. The conductive dielectric sheet is a sheet-like structure composed of silver paste, copper paste, or conductive ink; The conductive material sheet is a copper tape or a carbon tape.

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