Triaxial milling machine for teaching

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-axis milling machine for teaching. The three-axis milling machine comprises a machine body base, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module and a Z-axis module, the Y-axis module is in longitudinal sliding fit with the lathe bed base along the horizontal plane; the X-axis module is in transverse sliding fit with the Y-axis module along the horizontal plane; the Z-axis module is in sliding fit with the X-axis module in the vertical direction. The lathe bed base comprises a plurality of supporting plates which are vertically arranged and parallel to one another and transverse connecting plates connected between the supporting plates. A Y-axis guide rail used for supporting and guiding the Y-axis module to slide is fixed to the top of the supporting plate. The Y-axis module is driven by the Y-axis ball screw mechanism to slide relative to the lathe bed base, and a Y-axis nut of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism is fixed to a transverse connecting plate of the lathe bed base. The small-sized teaching and practical training machine is simple and compact in structure, can be miniaturized to be in the desktop level size, and facilitates teaching and practical training in a common classroom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching machine tools, specifically to a three-axis milling machine for teaching. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering education, teaching machine tools play an irreplaceable role, enabling the integration of theory and practice and deepening understanding of knowledge. For example, theoretical knowledge related to machining is relatively abstract, such as cutting principles and process parameters. Teaching machine tools allow students to visually see the application of these theories in actual machining, thereby enhancing their understanding. Furthermore, through hands-on operation of machine tools, students can better grasp complex concepts in courses such as mechanical design and manufacturing processes, transforming textbook text into concrete operations and practical results. Engineering education emphasizes practical skills, and teaching machine tools provide students with opportunities for hands-on practice. Students can personally process parts, become familiar with machine tool operation procedures and tool usage, and improve their practical skills.

[0003] Existing teaching milling machines are typically large and complex, making them difficult to install in spaces with limited layout, such as ordinary classrooms. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to develop a three-axis milling machine for teaching. Based on the characteristics of new engineering majors, this milling machine can support practical training courses such as mechanical design, help students quickly learn and master the mechanical structure design of five-axis machine tools, and at the same time, the structure is simple and compact, and can be miniaturized to desktop size, making it convenient for teaching and practical training in ordinary classrooms.

[0005] This utility model discloses a three-axis milling machine for teaching, comprising a bed base, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module, and a Z-axis module. The Y-axis module is longitudinally slidably fitted to the bed base along a horizontal plane. The X-axis module is transversely slidably fitted to the Y-axis module along a horizontal plane. The Z-axis module is vertically slidably fitted to the X-axis module. The bed base includes several vertically arranged and parallel support plates and transverse connecting plates connecting the support plates. A Y-axis guide rail for supporting and guiding the sliding of the Y-axis module is fixed to the top of the support plates. The Y-axis module slides relative to the bed base under the drive of a Y-axis ball screw mechanism, and a Y-axis nut of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism is fixed to the transverse connecting plate of the bed base.

[0006] Furthermore, the Y-axis module includes a Y-axis support plate and a Y-axis fixing frame that are fixed to each other; the Y-axis support plate is horizontally arranged, and its bottom is provided with a Y-axis slider that cooperates with the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis ball screw mechanism, and a Y-axis ball screw drive motor; the Y-axis fixing frame is vertically arranged, and its front is provided with an X-axis guide rail for supporting the sliding of the X-axis module and an X-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the X-axis module to slide along the X-axis guide rail;

[0007] Furthermore, the X-axis module includes a vertically arranged X-axis mounting bracket, an X-axis slider disposed on the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, a Z-axis guide rail disposed on the front of the X-axis mounting bracket, and a Z-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the Z-axis module to slide along the Z-axis guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the Z-axis module includes a vertically arranged electric spindle fixing plate, an electric spindle disposed on the front side of the electric spindle fixing plate, a milling cutter driven by the electric spindle, and a Z-axis slider disposed on the back side of the electric spindle fixing plate for cooperating with the Z-axis guide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, two rows of Y-axis sliders are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the Y-axis support plate; the Y-axis lead screw is centrally located at the bottom of the Y-axis support plate; the Y-axis lead screw drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the Y-axis support plate, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the Y-axis lead screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the two X-axis guide rails are fixed horizontally to the front of the Y-axis mounting bracket; the X-axis ball screw mechanism includes an X-axis screw disposed on the front of the Y-axis mounting bracket and located in a strip groove between the two X-axis guide rails, an X-axis nut fixed to the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, and an X-axis screw drive motor for driving the X-axis screw to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, the X-axis fixing frame is vertically arranged, and a cable chain bracket is also provided on the back of the X-axis fixing frame. A cable chain I is connected between the cable chain bracket and the Y-axis support plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the Z-axis ball screw mechanism includes a Z-axis screw disposed on the front of the X-axis mounting bracket between two Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis nut fixed to the back of the electric spindle mounting plate, and a Z-axis screw drive motor for driving the Z-axis screw to rotate.

[0013] Furthermore, the electric spindle fixing plate is vertically arranged, and the electric spindle is fixed to the front of the electric spindle fixing plate by a fixing seat. The fixing seat includes an upper seat and a lower seat for clamping the electric spindle housing; two rows of Z-axis sliders are fixed to the back of the electric spindle fixing plate; a drag chain II is connected between the electric spindle fixing plate and the X-axis fixing frame.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The bed base adopted in this utility model has a simple structure. The X-axis guide rail is installed through two vertically arranged support plates, thereby supporting the X-axis module, Y-axis module and Z-axis module. The support strength is effectively guaranteed while minimizing the self-weight of the bed.

[0016] 2. In the Y-axis module of this utility model, a Y-axis support plate and a Y-axis fixing frame that are fixed perpendicularly to each other are used as the base. The Y-axis slider, Y-axis lead screw, and Y-axis lead screw drive motor are set at the bottom of the Y-axis support plate, while the X-axis guide rail and X-axis ball screw mechanism are set at the front of the Y-axis fixing frame. This arrangement results in a more compact structure, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the entire machine. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0018] Figure 1 This is the main view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bed base of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis module of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the front view of the X-axis module of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the X-axis module of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis module structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of a teaching three-axis milling machine includes a bed base 1, an X-axis module 3, a Y-axis module 4, and a Z-axis module 2. The Y-axis module 4 is slidably fitted to the bed base 1 along the horizontal plane; the X-axis module 3 is slidably fitted to the Y-axis module 4 along the horizontal plane; and the Z-axis module 2 is slidably fitted to the X-axis module 3 along the vertical direction. In this text, "vertical" refers to the front view of this utility model. Figure 1 The front and back directions in the middle, that is Figure 1 The projection direction, "horizontal" refers to Figure 1 "Center, left and right directions".

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the bed base 1 includes two vertically arranged and parallel support plates 13 and a transverse connecting plate 15 connecting the support plates 13; the tops of the two support plates 13 are fixed with Y-axis guide rails 14 for supporting and guiding the sliding of the Y-axis module 4; the support plates 13 are distributed with several weight-reducing holes and reinforcing ribs, which reduce the weight on the one hand and increase the strength on the other; the two support plates 13 are fixed to a base plate 11 by fasteners, the transverse connecting plate 15 is horizontally fixed between the two support plates 13, and a vertical partition 12 is also fixed between the two support plates 13, with its lower end fixed to the base plate 11 and its upper end fixed to the transverse connecting plate 15. This structural form can greatly improve the overall rigidity of the bed base 1.

[0027] The Y-axis module 4 slides relative to the bed base 1 under the drive of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism. A Y-axis nut 16 of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism is fixed to the transverse connecting plate of the bed base 1. The Y-axis module 4 includes a Y-axis support plate 42 and a Y-axis fixing frame 45 fixed to each other. The Y-axis support plate 42 is horizontally arranged, and its bottom is provided with two rows of Y-axis sliders 41 that cooperate with the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis lead screw 48 of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism, and a Y-axis lead screw drive motor 47. The Y-axis lead screw 48 is centrally located between the two rows of Y-axis sliders 41 at the bottom of the Y-axis support plate 42, and its two ends are mounted via bearings. The Y-axis lead screw drive motor 47 is mounted on the bottom of the Y-axis support plate 42 via a motor mount, and the motor output shaft is coaxially connected to the lead screw via a coupling. The Y-axis lead screw 48 cooperates with the Y-axis nut on the transverse connecting plate. Therefore, when the Y-axis lead screw 48 is driven to rotate by the motor, the Y-axis support plate 42 will slide along the horizontal longitudinal direction under the guidance of the Y-axis slider 41 and the Y-axis guide rail.

[0028] The Y-axis mounting bracket 45 is vertically arranged, and its front side is provided with two X-axis guide rails 44 for supporting the sliding of the X-axis module 3 and an X-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the X-axis module 3 to slide along the X-axis guide rails 44. The X-axis ball screw mechanism includes an X-axis screw 43 disposed on the front side of the Y-axis mounting bracket 45 and located in a strip-shaped groove between the two X-axis guide rails 44, an X-axis nut fixed to the back side of the X-axis mounting bracket, and an X-axis screw drive motor 46 for driving the X-axis screw 43 to rotate. The front side of the X-axis mounting bracket is provided with a strip-shaped groove, and the two X-axis guide rails 44 are respectively disposed on both sides of the strip-shaped groove. The X-axis screw is installed in the strip-shaped groove through bearings. One end of the groove is equipped with the X-axis screw drive motor 46 through a motor bracket, and its output shaft is connected to the X-axis screw 43 through a coupling.

[0029] like Figure 5-6As shown, the X-axis module 3 includes a vertically arranged X-axis mounting bracket, an X-axis slider 34 disposed on the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, a Z-axis guide rail 32 disposed on the front of the X-axis mounting bracket, and a Z-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the Z-axis module 2 to slide along the Z-axis guide rail 32. The entire X-axis mounting bracket is a strip-shaped groove structure with a Π-shaped cross-section, and several weight-reducing holes are distributed on its two side walls. The two Z-axis guide rails 32 are respectively fixed on the two side walls. The Z-axis screw 33 is mounted in the middle of the groove through bearings. Two rows of X-axis sliders 34 are horizontally mounted on the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, and an X-axis nut is fixedly installed between the two X-axis sliders 34, which cooperates with the X-axis screw 43. When the X-axis screw 43 rotates under the drive of the X-axis screw drive motor 46, the entire X-axis mounting bracket will slide horizontally under the guidance of the X-axis sliders 34 and the X-axis guide rails 44.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, the Z-axis module 2 includes a vertically arranged electric spindle fixing plate 26, an electric spindle 23 disposed on the front of the electric spindle fixing plate 26, a milling cutter driven by the electric spindle 23, two rows of Z-axis sliders 21 disposed on the back of the electric spindle fixing plate 26 for cooperating with the Z-axis guide rail 32, and a Z-axis nut 22 located between the two rows of Z-axis sliders 21. The electric spindle 23 is fixed to the front of the electric spindle fixing plate 26 by a fixing seat, which includes an upper seat 24 and a lower seat 25 for clamping the housing of the electric spindle 23; the Z-axis nut 22 cooperates with the Z-axis lead screw 33; when the Z-axis lead screw 33 rotates under the drive of the Z-axis lead screw drive motor 31, the entire electric spindle fixing plate 26 will slide along the vertical direction.

[0031] like Figure 6 The X-axis fixing frame is vertically arranged, and a cable chain bracket is also provided on the back of the X-axis fixing frame. A cable chain I is connected between the cable chain bracket and the Y-axis support plate 42. A cable chain II 27 is connected between the electric spindle fixing plate 26 and the X-axis fixing frame. Cable chain I and cable chain II are used to bind and protect cables or wires.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model are included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes, characterized in that: It includes a bed base, an X-axis module, a Y-axis module, and a Z-axis module; the Y-axis module is slidably fitted to the bed base along the horizontal plane; the X-axis module is slidably fitted to the Y-axis module along the horizontal plane; and the Z-axis module is slidably fitted to the X-axis module along the vertical direction. The bed base includes several vertically arranged and parallel support plates and a transverse connecting plate connected between the support plates; a Y-axis guide rail for supporting and guiding the sliding of the Y-axis module is fixed on the top of the support plate; the Y-axis module slides relative to the bed base under the drive of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism, and the Y-axis nut of the Y-axis ball screw mechanism is fixed on the transverse connecting plate of the bed base.

2. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis module includes a Y-axis support plate and a Y-axis mounting bracket that are fixed to each other. The Y-axis support plate is horizontally arranged, and its bottom is provided with a Y-axis slider that cooperates with the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis ball screw mechanism, and a Y-axis ball screw drive motor. The Y-axis mounting bracket is vertically arranged, and its front is provided with an X-axis guide rail for supporting the sliding of the X-axis module and an X-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the X-axis module to slide along the X-axis guide rail.

3. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-axis module includes a vertically arranged X-axis mounting bracket, an X-axis slider located on the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, a Z-axis guide rail located on the front of the X-axis mounting bracket, and a Z-axis ball screw mechanism for driving the Z-axis module to slide along the Z-axis guide rail.

4. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Z-axis module includes a vertically arranged electric spindle fixing plate, an electric spindle disposed on the front of the electric spindle fixing plate, a milling cutter driven by the electric spindle, and a Z-axis slider disposed on the back of the electric spindle fixing plate for cooperating with the Z-axis guide rail.

5. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two rows of Y-axis sliders are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the Y-axis support plate; the Y-axis lead screw is centrally located at the bottom of the Y-axis support plate; the Y-axis lead screw drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the Y-axis support plate, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the Y-axis lead screw.

6. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two X-axis guide rails are fixed horizontally to the front of the Y-axis mounting bracket; the X-axis ball screw mechanism includes an X-axis screw disposed on the front of the Y-axis mounting bracket and located in a strip groove between the two X-axis guide rails, an X-axis nut fixed to the back of the X-axis mounting bracket, and an X-axis screw drive motor for driving the X-axis screw to rotate.

7. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The X-axis mounting bracket is vertically arranged, and a cable chain bracket is also provided on the back of the X-axis mounting bracket. A cable chain I is connected between the cable chain bracket and the Y-axis support plate.

8. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The Z-axis ball screw mechanism includes a Z-axis screw located on the front of the X-axis mounting bracket between two Z-axis guide rails, a Z-axis nut fixed to the back of the electric spindle mounting plate, and a Z-axis screw drive motor for driving the Z-axis screw to rotate.

9. The three-axis milling machine for teaching purposes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric spindle fixing plate is vertically arranged, and the electric spindle is fixed to the front of the electric spindle fixing plate by a fixing seat. The fixing seat includes an upper seat and a lower seat for clamping the electric spindle housing; two rows of Z-axis sliders are fixed to the back of the electric spindle fixing plate; a drag chain II is connected between the electric spindle fixing plate and the X-axis fixing frame.

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