Charging circuit

Abstract

The utility model provides a charging circuit, and relates to the technical field of power electronic equipment. The charging circuit includes: an input circuit module; a load module; the BUCK main power loop is respectively connected with the input circuit module and the load module and is used for converting the power supply voltage of the input circuit module into the charging voltage and the charging current of the load module; the charging enabling loop is respectively connected with the input circuit module and the BUCK main power loop; the voltage feedback control loop is connected with the output end of the BUCK main power loop and used for collecting voltage output by the BUCK main power loop and feeding back a voltage signal to the BUCK main power loop; the current feedback control loop is connected with the output end of the BUCK main power loop and used for collecting current output by the BUCK main power loop and feeding back a current signal to the BUCK main power loop; the BUCK main power loop is configured to adjust charging voltage and charging current output to the load module according to a voltage signal fed back by the voltage feedback control loop and a current signal fed back by the current feedback control loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronic equipment technology, and more specifically, to a charging circuit based on a BUCK main power circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, batteries and supercapacitors are being used in increasingly diverse and demanding environments, placing higher demands on their charging circuits. Batteries and supercapacitors need to maintain a high state of energy, requiring a circuit capable of continuously charging them. However, battery and supercapacitor charging circuits are complex in topology, have stringent environmental requirements, and are costly, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the demands for reliability, safety, stability, and efficiency. Furthermore, existing core charging chips are primarily manufactured by foreign companies, hindering the domestic production of key components for critical infrastructure. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a charging circuit based on the BUCK main power circuit.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this application, at least one embodiment of this application provides a charging circuit, comprising: an input circuit module for providing a supply voltage; a load module; a BUCK main power circuit, respectively connected to the input circuit module and the load module, for converting the supply voltage of the input circuit module into a charging voltage and a charging current of the load module; a charging enable circuit, respectively connected to the input circuit module and the BUCK main power circuit; a voltage feedback control circuit, connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power circuit, for acquiring the voltage output by the BUCK main power circuit and feeding the voltage signal back to the BUCK main power circuit; and a current feedback control circuit, connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power circuit, for acquiring the current output by the BUCK main power circuit and feeding the current signal back to the BUCK main power circuit; wherein the BUCK main power circuit is configured to: adjust the charging voltage and charging current output to the load module according to the voltage signal fed back by the voltage feedback control circuit and the current signal fed back by the current feedback control circuit.

[0005] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the input circuit module includes: a DC source with its negative terminal grounded; a first diode with its anode connected to the positive terminal of the DC source and its cathode connected to the input pin of the BUCK main power circuit.

[0006] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the BUCK main power circuit includes: a BUCK chip with its ground pin grounded; a first capacitor connected to the input pin and the ground pin of the BUCK chip; a second capacitor connected to the inductor pin and the bootstrap voltage pin of the BUCK chip; a first inductor with one end connected to the inductor pin; a first resistor connected to the frequency setting pin and the ground pin of the BUCK chip; a second resistor with one end connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end connected to the load module; a third capacitor with one end connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end grounded; a fourth capacitor with one end connected to the other end of the second resistor and the other end grounded; and a second diode with its cathode connected to the inductor pin and its anode grounded.

[0007] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the load module includes: a third diode, the anode of which is connected to the other end of the second resistor; and a load with an energy storage unit, one end of which is connected to the cathode of the third diode and the other end of which is grounded.

[0008] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the load with energy storage unit includes: a battery and / or a supercapacitor.

[0009] For example, in some embodiments of this application, a charging enable circuit is further included, which is connected to the input circuit module and the BUCK main power circuit respectively.

[0010] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the charging enable circuit includes: a third resistor, one end of which is connected to the anode of the first diode and the other end of which is connected to the enable pin of the BUCK chip; a fourth resistor, one end of which is connected to the enable pin and the other end of which is grounded; and a fifth capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the fourth resistor.

[0011] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the voltage feedback control loop includes: a fifth resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end of which is connected to the feedback pin of the BUCK chip; and a sixth resistor, one end of which is connected to the feedback pin and the other end of which is grounded.

[0012] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the current feedback control loop includes: a first operational amplifier; a seventh resistor, one end of which is connected to one end of a second resistor, and the other end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier; an eighth resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier; a ninth resistor, one end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of which is grounded; a tenth resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier; a second operational amplifier; an eleventh resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier; a twelfth resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of which is grounded; a thirteenth resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier; a fourteenth resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier; and a fourth diode, the anode of which is connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor, and the cathode of which is connected to the feedback pin of the BUCK chip.

[0013] For example, in some embodiments of this application, the BUCK main power circuit is configured to: output constant current when the voltage value of the load module is less than a set threshold; and output constant voltage when the voltage value of the load module is equal to the set threshold.

[0014] Through the above example embodiments, this application provides a charging circuit that uses a BUCK main power circuit composed of BUCK chips to reduce the input bus voltage to a lower voltage required by the battery or supercapacitor, while ensuring high reliability and low cost. Furthermore, it uses current feedback control circuit and voltage feedback control circuit to charge the load module. Only the current feedback control circuit and voltage feedback control circuit use components such as resistors, capacitors, and operational amplifiers. The circuit structure is simple, easy to implement, and can meet the requirements of domestic production.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a charging circuit of an exemplary embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0019] The described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a full understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this disclosure can be practiced without one or more of these specific details, or other methods, components, materials, devices, etc. In these cases, well-known structures, methods, devices, implementations, materials, or operations will not be shown or described in detail.

[0020] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0021] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of exemplary embodiments, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a charging circuit of an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the charging circuit includes: input circuit module 1, load module 2, BUCK main power circuit 3, voltage feedback circuit 5, and current feedback circuit 6.

[0025] The input circuit module 1 provides the power supply voltage. The BUCK main power circuit 3 is connected to the input circuit module 1 and the load module 2 respectively, and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the input circuit module 1 into the charging voltage and charging current of the load module 2.

[0026] The voltage feedback control loop 5 is connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power loop 3, and is used to collect the voltage output by the BUCK main power loop 3 and feed the voltage signal back to the BUCK main power loop 3.

[0027] The current feedback control loop 6 is connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power loop 3 to collect the current output by the BUCK main power loop 3 and feed the current signal back to the BUCK main power loop 3.

[0028] The BUCK main power circuit 3 is configured to adjust the charging voltage and charging current output to the load module 2 based on the voltage signal fed back by the voltage feedback control circuit 5 and the current signal fed back by the current feedback control circuit 6.

[0029] According to the example embodiment, the input circuit module 1 includes a DC source DC and a first diode D1. The negative terminal of the DC source DC is grounded. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC source DC, and the cathode is connected to the input pin IN of the BUCK main power circuit 3.

[0030] The BUCK main power circuit 3 is used to convert the higher input bus voltage to a lower load voltage. It includes: a BUCK chip 301, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first inductor L1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, and a second diode D2. The ground pin GND of the BUCK chip 301 is grounded. The first capacitor C1 is connected to the input pin IN and the ground pin GND of the BUCK chip 301. The second capacitor C2 is connected to the inductor pin LX and the bootstrap voltage pin BS of the BUCK chip 301. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the inductor pin LX. The first resistor R1 is connected to the frequency setting pin FS and the ground pin GND of the BUCK chip 301. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the first inductor L1, and the other end is connected to the load module 2. One end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the first inductor L1, and the other end is grounded. One end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the other end is grounded. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the inductor pin LX, and the anode is grounded.

[0031] The second resistor R2 is used to output the current waveform, which is calculated by the current feedback control loop 6 and output to the feedback pin FB of the BUCK chip through the diode.

[0032] Load module 2 includes a third diode D3 and a load 201 with an energy storage unit. The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2. One end of the load 201 with the energy storage unit is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the other end is grounded.

[0033] According to some embodiments, the load 201 with energy storage unit includes: a battery and / or a supercapacitor.

[0034] The third diode, D3, is used to prevent backflow of energy from the battery or supercapacitor.

[0035] The charging circuit also includes a charging enable circuit 4. The charging enable circuit 4 is connected to the input circuit module 1 and the BUCK main power circuit 3, respectively.

[0036] The charging enable circuit 4 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth capacitor C5. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the other end is connected to the enable pin EN of the BUCK chip 301. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the enable pin EN, and the other end is grounded. The fifth capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with the fourth resistor R4.

[0037] The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 form a voltage divider to set the charging threshold input voltage. The fifth capacitor C5 is used for filtering.

[0038] The voltage feedback control loop 5 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6. One end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the first inductor L1, and the other end is connected to the feedback pin FB of the BUCK chip 301. One end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the feedback pin FB, and the other end is grounded.

[0039] The current feedback control loop 6 includes: a first operational amplifier 601, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a second operational amplifier 602, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, and a fourth diode D4. Specifically, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier 601. One end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier 601. One end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier 601, and the other end is grounded. One end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier 601, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier 601. One end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier 601, and the other end is connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier 602. One end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier 602, and the other end is grounded. One end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier 602, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier 602. One end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier 602. The anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14, and the cathode is connected to the feedback pin FB of the BUCK chip 301.

[0040] The BUCK main power circuit 3 adjusts the charging voltage and charging current output to the load module based on the voltage signal fed back by the voltage feedback control circuit and the current signal fed back by the current feedback control circuit. This includes: when the voltage value of the load module 2 is less than the set threshold, the BUCK main power circuit 3 outputs constant current; when the voltage value of the load module 2 is equal to the set threshold, the BUCK main power circuit outputs constant voltage.

[0041] In this circuit, the BUCK main power circuit 3 first outputs constant current, then constant voltage. The threshold value can be the voltage value of the load module 2 when it is fully charged or the voltage value of the load module 2 when it is close to being fully charged.

[0042] Initially, the energy storage module of the load module is not fully charged. The voltage across the third capacitor is collected through the voltage feedback loop to determine the voltage value of the load module. At this time, the voltage value of the load module is much lower than the set threshold. Therefore, the output current of the BUCK main power circuit rises rapidly. The current across the second resistor is collected through the current feedback loop, and the current signal is output to the BUCK main power circuit to keep the output current of the BUCK main power circuit at a constant value.

[0043] When the energy storage module of the load module is gradually fully charged, that is, when the set threshold is reached, the voltage across the third capacitor is collected through the voltage feedback loop to determine the voltage value of the load module. At this time, the voltage value fed back to the feedback pin FB by the voltage feedback loop is higher than the voltage value fed back to the feedback pin FB by the current feedback loop. The output current of the BUCK main power circuit gradually decreases, and the output voltage approaches the set value and finally reaches the set value. Then, the BUCK main power circuit outputs constant voltage.

[0044] This application provides a charging circuit that uses a BUCK main power circuit composed of BUCK chips to reduce the input bus voltage to the lower voltage required by the battery or supercapacitor, while ensuring high reliability and low cost. Furthermore, it uses current feedback control circuit and voltage feedback control circuit to charge the load module. Only the current feedback control circuit and voltage feedback control circuit use components such as resistors, capacitors, and operational amplifiers. The circuit structure is simple, easy to implement, and can meet the requirements of domestic production.

[0045] It should be clearly understood that this application describes how specific examples are formed and used, but this application is not limited to any details of these examples. Rather, based on the teachings of the disclosure of this application, these principles can be applied to many other embodiments.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be noted that the above figures are merely illustrative representations of the processes included in the method according to exemplary embodiments of this application, and are not intended to be limiting. It is readily understood that the processes shown in the above figures do not indicate or limit the temporal order of these processes. Additionally, it is readily understood that these processes may be executed synchronously or asynchronously, for example, in multiple modules.

[0047] Exemplary embodiments of this application have been specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementation methods described herein; rather, this application is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements contained within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging circuit, characterized in that, include: The input circuit module is used to provide the power supply voltage; Load module; The BUCK main power circuit is connected to the input circuit module and the load module respectively, and is used to convert the power supply voltage of the input circuit module into the charging voltage and charging current of the load module. The charging enable circuit is connected to the input circuit module and the BUCK main power circuit, respectively. A voltage feedback control loop is connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power loop to collect the voltage output by the BUCK main power loop and feed the voltage signal back to the BUCK main power loop. A current feedback control loop is connected to the output terminal of the BUCK main power loop to collect the current output by the BUCK main power loop and feed the current signal back to the BUCK main power loop. The BUCK main power circuit is configured to adjust the charging voltage and charging current output to the load module based on the voltage signal fed back by the voltage feedback control circuit and the current signal fed back by the current feedback control circuit.

2. The charging circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The input circuit module includes: DC source, negative terminal grounded; The first diode has its anode connected to the positive terminal of the DC source and its cathode connected to the input pin of the BUCK main power circuit.

3. The charging circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The BUCK main power circuit includes: BUCK chip, ground pin grounded; The first capacitor is connected to the input pin and the ground pin of the BUCK chip; The second capacitor is connected to the inductor pin and the bootstrap voltage pin of the BUCK chip; The first inductor has one end connected to the inductor pin; The first resistor is connected to the frequency setting pin and the ground pin of the BUCK chip; The second resistor has one end connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end connected to the load module. The third capacitor has one end connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end grounded. The fourth capacitor has one end connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end grounded. The second diode has its cathode connected to the inductor pin and its anode grounded.

4. The charging circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The load module includes: The anode of the third diode is connected to the other end of the second resistor; The load with the energy storage unit is connected at one end to the cathode of the third diode and at the other end to ground.

5. The charging circuit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The load with energy storage unit includes: batteries and / or supercapacitors.

6. The charging circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A charging enable circuit is connected to the input circuit module and the BUCK main power circuit, respectively.

7. The charging circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The charging enable circuit includes: The third resistor has one end connected to the anode of the first diode and the other end connected to the enable pin of the BUCK chip. The fourth resistor has one end connected to the enable pin and the other end grounded. The fifth capacitor is connected in parallel with the fourth resistor.

8. The charging circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage feedback control loop includes: The fifth resistor has one end connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end connected to the feedback pin of the BUCK chip. The sixth resistor has one end connected to the feedback pin and the other end grounded.

9. The charging circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The current feedback control loop includes: First operational amplifier; The seventh resistor has one end connected to one end of the second resistor and the other end connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The eighth resistor has one end connected to the other end of the second resistor and the other end connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The ninth resistor has one end connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the other end grounded. The tenth resistor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the other end connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier. Second operational amplifier; The eleventh resistor has one end connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the other end connected to the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The twelfth resistor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the other end grounded. The thirteenth resistor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the other end connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier. The fourteenth resistor has one end connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier; The fourth diode has its anode connected to the other end of the fourteenth resistor and its cathode connected to the feedback pin of the BUCK chip.

10. The charging circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The BUCK main power circuit is configured as follows: When the voltage value of the load module is less than a set threshold, the BUCK main power circuit outputs constant current. When the voltage value of the load module is equal to the set threshold, the BUCK main power circuit outputs a constant voltage.

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