Photovoltaic junction box, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic junction box, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic junction box comprises a box body, a control module and an energy storage element. The box body is provided with a containing cavity. And the control module is fixedly arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used for electrically connecting the photovoltaic module main body and external equipment. The energy storage element is fixedly arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used for being electrically connected to the control module, the photovoltaic module main body and external equipment, and the control module is used for controlling the photovoltaic module main body to charge the energy storage element or controlling the energy storage element to discharge to the external equipment. The photovoltaic junction box is integrated with the energy storage element, the control module can distribute and store extra electric energy generated by the photovoltaic assembly body into the energy storage element, and the energy storage element releases the electric energy and provides the electric energy to external equipment when needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment, and in particular to a photovoltaic junction box, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are installed on outdoor areas of buildings, such as balconies and window sills, using photovoltaic brackets to receive sunlight and generate electricity. These modules can be connected to the household power grid, directly supplying electricity to the household. However, on cloudy days or at night when sunlight is insufficient, the photovoltaic modules cannot continuously generate electricity and cannot consistently supply power to the household. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic junction box, photovoltaic module, and photovoltaic system to address the current problem that photovoltaic modules cannot continuously output power.

[0004] Firstly, a photovoltaic junction box includes:

[0005] The box body has a receiving cavity;

[0006] A control module, fixed within the receiving cavity, and used for electrically connecting the photovoltaic module body and external equipment; and

[0007] An energy storage element is fixed within the receiving cavity and is electrically connected to the control module, the photovoltaic module body, and the external device. The control module is used to control the photovoltaic module body to charge the energy storage element, or to control the energy storage element to discharge to the external device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the control module includes a battery management device and a maximum power point tracking device, both fixed within the receiving cavity. The battery management device is electrically connected to the maximum power point tracking device, the battery management device is electrically connected to the energy storage element and the external device, and the maximum power point tracking device is electrically connected to the main body of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic junction box further includes a diode element fixed within the receiving cavity, the diode element being electrically connected to the main body of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] In one embodiment, the diode element includes a first diode and a second diode both fixed within the receiving cavity, the first diode being electrically connected to a busbar on the photovoltaic module body, and the second diode being electrically connected to an electrode on the photovoltaic module body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second diode includes a positive diode and a negative diode spaced apart, the electrodes of the photovoltaic module body include a photovoltaic positive electrode and a photovoltaic negative electrode, the positive diode is electrically connected to the photovoltaic positive electrode, and the negative diode is electrically connected to the photovoltaic negative electrode.

[0012] In one embodiment, the control module further has a positive output and a negative output, and the photovoltaic junction box further includes a positive connector and a negative connector, both for electrical connection with the external device. The positive connector and the negative connector are both located outside the receiving cavity. The positive connector is electrically connected to the positive output, and the negative connector is electrically connected to the negative output.

[0013] In one embodiment, the positive connector and the negative connector both extend from the same side of the housing along its own thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity, or the positive connector and the negative connector extend from two opposite sides of the housing along its own thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity, respectively.

[0014] In one embodiment, the surface of the housing facing the main body of the photovoltaic module is recessed with a heat dissipation groove communicating with the receiving cavity, and the depth h of the heat dissipation groove is 2mm~10mm.

[0015] In a second aspect, a photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic module body and a photovoltaic junction box as described in the first aspect, the photovoltaic junction box being electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body.

[0016] Thirdly, a photovoltaic system comprising photovoltaic modules as described in the second aspect.

[0017] The aforementioned photovoltaic junction box integrates energy storage components. The control module can allocate and store the extra electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module into the energy storage components, and when needed, the energy storage components can release electrical energy to provide it to external devices. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a bottom view of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2A bottom view of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a photovoltaic junction box provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic junction box provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic junction box provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a positive connector and a negative connector according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating another configuration of the positive and negative connectors provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 (c) is a schematic diagram of another positive and negative connector provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation groove of a photovoltaic junction box provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, photovoltaic junction box; 1, box body; 11, receiving cavity; 12, heat dissipation groove; 2, control module; 21, battery management device; 22, maximum power point tracking device; 23, positive output terminal; 24, negative output terminal; 3, energy storage element; 4, diode element; 41, first diode; 42, second diode; 421, positive terminal diode; 422, negative terminal diode; 5, positive connector; 6, negative connector; 200, photovoltaic module body; 201, first side; 202, second side; 300, external equipment; 301, inverter; 302, electrical appliance. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Photovoltaic modules are installed on outdoor areas of buildings, such as balconies and window sills, using photovoltaic brackets to receive sunlight and generate electricity. These modules can be connected to the household power grid, directly supplying electricity to the household. However, in situations with insufficient sunlight (such as on cloudy or rainy days) or no sunlight at all (such as at night), the photovoltaic modules cannot continuously generate electricity and cannot continuously supply power to the household. Furthermore, if the electricity generated by the photovoltaic modules during periods of sufficient sunlight is not fully consumed by the household, it will result in energy waste.

[0029] Based on the above problems, this application provides a photovoltaic module. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic module body 200 and a photovoltaic junction box 100. Please refer to... Figure 3 The photovoltaic junction box 100 is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic module body 200 and the inverter 301. The photovoltaic junction box 100 transmits the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module body 200 to the inverter 301, where it is inverted to form alternating current and transmitted to the appliance 302 to provide power.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, the photovoltaic module body 200 includes a glass cover, filler material, solar cells, a backsheet, and a photovoltaic frame. The photovoltaic junction box 100 is fixed to the backsheet of the photovoltaic module body 200 using silicone or foam tape.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application does not limit the location of the photovoltaic junction box 100 on the photovoltaic module body 200. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module body 200 includes a first side 201 and a second side 202 that are adjacent and connected at an angle. Please refer to... Figure 1 In some alternative embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 may be located in the middle of the backplane of the photovoltaic module body 200. See also... Figure 2 In some other alternative embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 is positioned close to the first side 201 along one side of its own length. See also... Figure 2 In some alternative embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 is positioned close to the second side 202 on one side along its own length direction.

[0032] The photovoltaic junction box 100 provided in this application embodiment has the function of storing electrical energy. It can store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module body 200, and in the case of insufficient or no light, it can transfer the stored electrical energy to the electrical appliance 302 through the inverter 301, thereby improving the continuous power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module and reducing the waste of the output electrical energy of the photovoltaic module.

[0033] Please see Figure 4 The photovoltaic junction box 100 includes a box body 1, a control module 2, an energy storage element 3, a diode element 4, a positive connector 5, and a negative connector 6. The box body 1 has a receiving cavity 11, in which the control module 2, the energy storage element 3, and the diode element 4 are all fixed. The positive connector 5 and the negative connector 6 are both located outside the receiving cavity 11.

[0034] In optional embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 can be either sealed or hollow. A sealed type involves filling the cavity 11 with adhesive to encapsulate components such as the control module 2, energy storage element 3, and diode element 4, achieving insulation and preventing the accumulation of dust and other foreign matter. A hollow type involves leaving the cavity 11 unfilled to maintain an empty state.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the control module 2 is used to electrically connect the photovoltaic module body 200 and the external device 300. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 and Figure 3 The energy storage element 3 is electrically connected to the control module 2, the photovoltaic module body 200, and the external device 300. The control module 2 is used to control the photovoltaic module body 200 to charge the energy storage element 3, or to control the energy storage element 3 to discharge to the external device 300. This enables the photovoltaic junction box 100 to store and release electrical energy, collect the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module body 200, and discharge when the photovoltaic module cannot output electrical energy but the appliance 302 needs power.

[0036] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, external device 300 refers to inverter 301 and electrical appliance 302 in the photovoltaic system. Energy storage element 3 refers to device with energy storage function such as battery, and the number of energy storage elements 3 can be one, two, three, four, etc.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the control module 2 includes a battery management system 21 (BMS) and a maximum power point tracking device 22, both fixed within the receiving cavity 11, with the battery management system 21 and the maximum power point tracking device 22 electrically connected. See also... Figure 3 and Figure 4The battery management device 21 is electrically connected to the energy storage element 3 and the external device 300, and the maximum power point tracking device 22 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body 200. The battery management device 21 can control the charging and discharging functions of the energy storage element 3 and maintain the health of the energy storage element 3. The maximum power point tracking device 22 can control the current and voltage of the photovoltaic module body 200 to ensure that the photovoltaic module body 200 is in the maximum power output state. The battery management device 21 and the maximum power point tracking device 22 are devices well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the diode element 4 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body 200. The diode element 4 can provide bypass protection for the photovoltaic module body 200, prevent hot spot effects, and ensure that the photovoltaic module body 200 can work normally when blocked from light.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, diode element 4 may be electrically connected only to the busbar (not shown) on the photovoltaic module body 200. In other alternative embodiments, diode element 4 may be electrically connected only to the electrode (not shown) on the photovoltaic module body 200. Alternatively, some diode elements 4 may be electrically connected to the busbar, while other diode elements 4 may be connected to the electrode. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The diode element 4 includes a first diode 41 and a second diode 42, both fixed in the receiving cavity 11. The first diode 41 is electrically connected to the busbar on the photovoltaic module body 200, and the second diode 42 is electrically connected to the electrode on the photovoltaic module body 200.

[0040] Please see Figure 4 Optionally, the number of first diodes 41 can be one, two, three, etc. The number of second diodes 42 can be one, two, three, etc.

[0041] Please see Figure 4 In an optional embodiment, the first diode 41 may be disposed in the middle of the photovoltaic junction box 100. The second diode 42 may be disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic junction box 100.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the busbar on the photovoltaic module body 200 can be electrically connected to the first diode 41 by plugging, soldering, or screwing. The electrodes on the photovoltaic module body 200 can also be electrically connected to the second diode 42 by plugging, soldering, or screwing.

[0043] Understandably, the first diode 41 is electrically connected to the busbar on the photovoltaic module body 200 to prevent reverse current from flowing between multiple photovoltaic module bodies 200. Specifically, when multiple photovoltaic module bodies 200 are connected in series to form a photovoltaic array, if one photovoltaic module body 200 experiences a power reduction due to shading, malfunction, or other reasons, while the other photovoltaic module bodies 200 are still generating power normally, a reverse current may flow from the high-voltage normal photovoltaic module body 200 to the low-voltage abnormal photovoltaic module body 200. The first diode 41, connected to the busbar, can block this reverse current, preventing the abnormal photovoltaic module body 200 from becoming a load and consuming the power of other normal photovoltaic module bodies 200, thereby protecting the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic array. For example, in a large photovoltaic power plant, some photovoltaic module bodies 200 may be shaded by surrounding buildings, trees, etc. Without the protection of the first diode 41, the shaded photovoltaic module bodies 200 would consume a large amount of current from other unshaded photovoltaic module bodies 200, causing a significant drop in the output power of the entire photovoltaic array. By blocking reverse current, the first diode 41 can reduce the risk of heat generation and damage to the photovoltaic module body 200 caused by reverse current, extend the service life of the photovoltaic module body 200, and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic array. Even if a problem occurs in a single photovoltaic module body 200, it will not seriously affect the normal operation of the entire photovoltaic array.

[0044] The second diode 42 is electrically connected to the electrodes on the photovoltaic module body 200, providing a bypass path for faulty solar cells within the photovoltaic module body 200, allowing current to bypass the faulty solar cell. Specifically, a photovoltaic module body 200 consists of multiple solar cells connected in series. If one of the solar cells fails or is shaded, it becomes a resistor in the photovoltaic module body 200, reducing its output power. The second diode 42, electrically connected to the electrodes of the photovoltaic module body 200, provides a bypass path for current, allowing it to bypass the faulty solar cell and continue flowing to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module body 200. For example, when a solar cell is shaded by a foreign object, the second diode 42 can conduct, allowing current to bypass and ensuring that most areas of the photovoltaic module body 200 can still generate electricity normally. In some cases, such as when subjected to external interference like lightning strikes or grid fluctuations, the photovoltaic module body 200 may be subjected to overvoltage surges. The second diode 42, connected to the electrodes, can, to some extent, limit voltage and shunt current, protecting the photovoltaic module body 200 from damage.

[0045] Please see Figure 4Furthermore, in some embodiments, the second diode 42 is also electrically connected to the maximum power point tracking device 22 in the control module 2. The second diode 42 can prevent reverse current from flowing into the circuit where the maximum power point tracking device 22 is located from other parts, thereby protecting the maximum power point tracking device 22 from damage by reverse current. In addition, the electrical connection of the second diode 42 to the maximum power point tracking device 22 can simplify the internal circuit of the photovoltaic junction box 100 and reduce cross-connections and complex wiring in the circuit.

[0046] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the second diode 42 includes a positive diode 421 and a negative diode 422 spaced apart. The electrodes of the photovoltaic module body 200 include a photovoltaic positive electrode (not shown) and a photovoltaic negative electrode (not shown). The positive diode 421 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic positive electrode, and the negative diode 422 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic negative electrode. When the photovoltaic module body 200 is operating, voltage fluctuations of different degrees may occur at different locations. By connecting the positive diode 421 to the photovoltaic positive electrode and the negative diode 422 to the photovoltaic negative electrode, the voltages of the photovoltaic positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic module body 200 can be adjusted and stabilized respectively. For example, when the light intensity changes or the performance of some cells varies slightly, this connection method can prevent the voltage of one electrode from being too high or too low, thereby maintaining the voltage balance of the entire photovoltaic module and improving the stability and reliability of the system. If the second diode 42 is connected to only one end of the photovoltaic positive or negative electrode, it cannot provide timely and effective protection when the other end fails. However, connecting it to both the photovoltaic positive and negative electrodes can quickly take effect when abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or reverse current occur at either end, isolating the faulty part from the normal part and preventing the fault from escalating.

[0047] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the control module 2 also has a positive output 23 and a negative output 24, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The photovoltaic junction box 100 also includes a positive connector 5 and a negative connector 6, both for electrical connection with external equipment 300. Both connectors 5 and 6 are located outside the receiving cavity 11. The positive connector 5 is electrically connected to the output positive terminal 23, and the negative connector 6 is electrically connected to the output negative terminal 24. The photovoltaic junction box 100's design, with the positive connector 5 and negative connector 6 extending outside the receiving cavity 11, facilitates electrical connection with external equipment 300. Specifically, the positive connector 5 is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter 301, and the negative connector 6 is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter 301.

[0048] In an optional implementation, the positive output 23 and negative output 24 of the control module 2 are disposed on the battery management device 21, the positive connector 5 is electrically connected to the positive output 23 of the battery management device 21, and the negative connector 6 is electrically connected to the negative output 24 of the battery management device 21.

[0049] In an optional implementation, the positive connector 5 and the negative connector 6 can be connected to the positive output 23 and the negative output 24 of the control module 2 respectively by means of plugging, soldering, and screw crimping.

[0050] In an optional implementation, the positive connector 5 and the negative connector 6 may be MC4 connectors, H4 connectors, or Tyco connectors.

[0051] Please see Figure 6 In (a) and (b), in some embodiments, both the positive connector 5 and the negative connector 6 extend from the same side of the housing 1 along its own thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity 11, or, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 In section (c), the positive connector 5 and the negative connector 6 extend from opposite sides of the housing 1 along its thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity 11. The former arrangement allows the positive connector 5 and negative connector 6 to extend from the same side, making it easier to plan the wiring route and resulting in a neater and more orderly cable arrangement. For example, in installation environments with limited space, the positive connector 5 and negative connector 6 can be grouped together on one side to avoid cable crossing and reduce the risk of failure due to cable clutter. For compact photovoltaic system layouts, this same-side extension design can better utilize space. For example, when installing photovoltaic systems on rooftops, space is often limited; connectors extending from the same side can better adapt to the roof structure and space constraints, improving space utilization. The latter arrangement, where the positive connector 5 and negative connector 6 extend from opposite sides, increases airflow space, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. The positive connector 5 and negative connector 6 generate heat during operation; by placing them on opposite sides, this heat can be better dissipated, reducing the internal temperature of the photovoltaic junction box 100 and extending its service life.

[0052] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, to improve the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic junction box 100, a heat dissipation groove 12 communicating with the receiving cavity 11 is recessed on the surface of the box body 1 facing the photovoltaic module body 200. The depth h of the heat dissipation groove 12 is 2mm~10mm. The heat dissipation groove 12 leaves a heat dissipation gap between the photovoltaic junction box 100 and the photovoltaic module body 200, which can improve the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic junction box 100.

[0053] For example, the depth h of the heat sink 12 can be any value within the above range, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the photovoltaic junction box 100 may be equipped with a fan or liquid cooling device in the heat dissipation slot 12 to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0055] This application also provides a photovoltaic system (not shown in the figure), please refer to... Figure 3 The photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic modules (not shown in the figure), an inverter 301, and an appliance 302. The inverter 301 is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic modules and the appliance 302. The appliance 302 can be a household appliance 302, a commercial appliance 302, or an agricultural appliance 302, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific application scenario of the photovoltaic system.

[0056] In summary, the photovoltaic junction box 100 provided in this application embodiment, by adding an energy storage element 3 and a battery management device 21, enables the photovoltaic junction box 100 to have an energy storage function, thereby storing the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module body 200 and discharging it when the electrical appliance 302 needs power, which can increase the power transmission continuity of the photovoltaic module and reduce the waste of electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0058] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0061] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0062] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic junction box (100), characterized in that, include: Box body (1), the box body (1) is provided with a receiving cavity (11); A control module (2), which is fixed within the receiving cavity (11) and is used for electrically connecting the photovoltaic module body (200) and external equipment (300); and An energy storage element (3) is fixed in the cavity (11) and is electrically connected to the control module (2), the photovoltaic module body (200) and the external device (300). The control module (2) is used to control the photovoltaic module body (200) to charge the energy storage element (3) or to control the energy storage element (3) to discharge to the external device (300).

2. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (2) includes a battery management device (21) and a maximum power point tracking device (22) both fixed in the receiving cavity (11). The battery management device (21) is electrically connected to the maximum power point tracking device (22). The battery management device (21) is electrically connected to the energy storage element (3) and the external device (300). The maximum power point tracking device (22) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body (200).

3. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic junction box (100) also includes a diode element (4) fixed in the receiving cavity (11), and the diode element (4) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body (200).

4. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diode element (4) includes a first diode (41) and a second diode (42) both fixed in the receiving cavity (11). The first diode (41) is electrically connected to the busbar on the photovoltaic module body (200), and the second diode (42) is electrically connected to the electrode on the photovoltaic module body (200).

5. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second diode (42) includes a positive diode (421) and a negative diode (422) spaced apart. The electrodes of the photovoltaic module body (200) include a photovoltaic positive electrode and a photovoltaic negative electrode. The positive diode (421) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic positive electrode, and the negative diode (422) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic negative electrode.

6. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (2) also has a positive output (23) and a negative output (24). The photovoltaic junction box (100) also includes a positive connector (5) and a negative connector (6) for electrical connection with the external device (300). The positive connector (5) and the negative connector (6) are both located outside the receiving cavity (11). The positive connector (5) is electrically connected to the positive output (23), and the negative connector (6) is electrically connected to the negative output (24).

7. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positive connector (5) and the negative connector (6) both extend from the same side of the housing (1) along its own thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity (11), or the positive connector (5) and the negative connector (6) extend from two opposite sides of the housing (1) along its own thickness direction to the outside of the receiving cavity (11).

8. The photovoltaic junction box (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The box (1) has a heat dissipation groove (12) on one side of the surface facing the photovoltaic module body (200) that communicates with the receiving cavity (11). The depth h of the heat dissipation groove (12) is (2) mm to (10) mm.

9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic module body (200) and a photovoltaic junction box (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the photovoltaic junction box (100) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module body (200).

10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, The photovoltaic system includes the photovoltaic module as described in claim 9.

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