Thin film assembly structure for optimizing edge light utilization
By optimizing the width and design of the first sub-cell in the thin-film module, the current limiting problem caused by frame obstruction was solved, and efficient power generation of the thin-film module under large-angle sunlight in the morning and evening was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422649524.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-31
AI Technical Summary
In large-area thin-film solar cell modules, the first sub-cell is blocked by the frame and shielding structure during oblique incidence in the morning and evening, resulting in a small photocurrent and affecting the overall power generation efficiency.
By optimizing the width of the first sub-cell closest to both sides of the module frame to make it larger than the width of the middle part, and adjusting the sub-cell design according to the solar trajectory, the current limiting effect caused by frame obstruction is eliminated.
It improves the power generation efficiency of thin-film modules under large-angle sunlight in the morning and evening, eliminates the current limiting problem caused by frame obstruction, and increases the total power generation.
Smart Images
Figure CN223488679U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thin-film battery module technology, and specifically to a thin-film module structure that optimizes edge light utilization. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the manufacturing process of large-area thin-film solar cell modules mainly involves dividing the cell into several equal-width sub-cells using four laser scribing or mechanical scribing processes (P1, P2, P3, and P4). These sub-cells are connected in series to form a cell string, which is then encapsulated into a large-area thin-film solar cell module using a glass substrate, an encapsulating film, and butyl rubber (an adhesive that isolates moisture) around the perimeter.
[0003] To increase the mechanical strength of thin-film module structures, a frame is typically added to the edges of the module. However, in thin-film modules with equal-width sub-cells connected in series, during solar power generation, the edges have light-blocking structures (including butyl rubber and the module frame). Therefore, when sunlight strikes at an angle in the morning and evening, the first sub-cell closest to the frame is blocked due to the larger angle of incidence, resulting in a lower photocurrent in that sub-cell. Furthermore, because the thin-film module structure is connected in series, the current in the module depends on the minimum current of each sub-cell. This leads to a decrease in the overall power generation ratio of the thin-film module. Figure 1 As shown, the power generation reduction ratio can be approximately calculated as 1 - D / W, where D represents the width of the obscured sub-cell and W represents the width of the sub-cell in the thin-film module. Additionally, the edge height of the module frame and the installation latitude of the thin-film module also contribute to this effect. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that when sunlight is incident at an angle in the morning and evening, the first sub-cell closest to the module frame is blocked due to the large incident angle of the light, resulting in a smaller photocurrent generated by the sub-cell and consequently affecting the overall power generation of the thin-film module. This invention designs a thin-film module structure that optimizes the utilization of edge light, effectively solving the above problem. By optimizing the width of the first sub-cell closest to both sides of the module frame, this thin-film module structure can eliminate the current limiting effect caused by the side blocking, enabling the thin-film module to operate normally and generate electricity under large-angle sunlight in the morning and evening.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0006] This invention designs a thin-film component structure for optimizing edge light utilization. The thin-film component structure includes: a component laminate and a component frame.
[0007] The component laminate includes:
[0008] The front glass substrate has a light-incident surface and a light-exit surface.
[0009] And an encapsulation layer, a perovskite cell layer, a back glass substrate, and an adhesive for bonding the front glass substrate and the back glass substrate are sequentially stacked on the light-emitting surface. The adhesive can be butyl glue, which can also isolate the thin film module from moisture.
[0010] The component frame is snapped onto the outer edge of the component laminate, the upper surface of the component frame is higher than the light-incident surface, and the height difference between the upper surface and the light-incident surface is denoted as H;
[0011] The perovskite solar cell layer is composed of several rows of sub-cells connected in series. The width of the first sub-cell near the two sides of the component frame is denoted as W1, and the width of the middle sub-cell is denoted as W2. Then W1 = W2 + D, where D represents the width of the sub-cells near the component frame on both sides that are blocked.
[0012] It is understandable that the width of the first sub-cell near the two sides of the component edge is greater than the width of the middle sub-cell.
[0013] Furthermore, a thin-film module structure for optimizing edge light utilization is as follows: the distance from the incident surface to the surface of the perovskite cell layer is denoted as d; the distance between the first sub-cells on both sides and the module frame is denoted as L; the minimum angle between sunlight and the upper surface when the thin-film module generates electricity in the morning and evening is denoted as α; then D+L=(H+d) / tanα; then W1=(H+d) / tanα-L+W2.
[0014] Specifically, the distance d from the light-incident surface to the surface of the battery layer can be understood as the total thickness of the front glass substrate and the encapsulation layer.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0016] (1) This utility model designs a thin film module structure that optimizes edge light utilization. By optimizing the width of the first sub-cell closest to both sides of the module frame, the width of the first sub-cell close to both sides of the module frame is made to be greater than the width of the middle sub-cell. The design makes the width of the first sub-cell W1 = W2 + D, thereby eliminating the current limiting effect caused by the edge shading of the first sub-cell on both sides, so that the thin film module can work normally and generate electricity under large-angle light in the morning and evening.
[0017] (2) This invention designs the first sub-cell closest to the left and right sides of the module frame and the middle sub-cell in the thin-film module structure with non-uniform widths. Based on the solar trajectory, it determines the change law of the proportion of the shadow area blocked by the module frame over time, thereby quantifying the width of the shadow area caused by the module frame blocking in the thin-film module structure. According to the blocking situation, the width of the sub-cell closest to the module frame is adjusted so that the blocked shadow area does not cause the module current limiting problem. This invention establishes a function relating the thin-film module frame blocking loss to the solar position, the module frame height, and the thickness of the light-incident surface encapsulation layer, thereby effectively avoiding the impact of the module frame blocking and improving the total power generation and power generation efficiency of the thin-film module under the same conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the angle formed between sunlight and the frame of the module during morning and evening power generation;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a layered schematic diagram of a thin-film component structure for optimizing edge light utilization, designed for Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0021] The markings in the diagram are: 1-front glass substrate, 2-encapsulation layer, 3-subcell, 4-back glass substrate, 5-adhesive, 6-module frame, 11-light-incident surface, 12-light-outcrystal surface, 61-top surface, 31-first subcell, 32-middle subcell. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present utility model or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Moreover, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment 1 designs a thin film module structure for optimizing edge light utilization. The thin film module structure includes: a module laminate and a module frame 6.
[0026] The component laminate includes:
[0027] The front glass substrate 1 has a light-incident surface 11 and a light-exit surface 12 facing each other;
[0028] And the encapsulation layer 2, the perovskite cell layer, the back glass substrate 4 and the adhesive 5 for bonding the front glass substrate 1 and the back glass substrate 4 are sequentially stacked on the light-emitting surface 12. The adhesive 5 can be butyl glue, which can also isolate the thin film module from water vapor.
[0029] The component frame 6 is snapped onto the outer edge of the component laminate. The upper end surface 61 of the component frame 6 is higher than the light-incident surface 11, and the height difference between the upper end surface 61 and the light-incident surface 11 is denoted as H.
[0030] The perovskite solar cell layer is composed of several rows of sub-cells 3 connected in series (the sub-cells 3 include a first sub-cell 31 near the left and right sides of the module frame 6 and a middle sub-cell 32; the left and right sides can be understood as the sides that have an angle α with the sunlight when the module generates electricity in the morning and evening, that is, the left and right sides of the module frame 6 can correspond to the east and west directions according to the rule of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west). Let W1 be the width of the first sub-cell 31 near the left and right sides of the module frame 6, and W2 be the width of the middle sub-cell 32. Then W1 = ... W2+D, where D represents the width of the first sub-cell 31 on the left and right sides near the component frame 6 that is blocked; the distance from the light-incident surface 11 to the surface of the perovskite cell layer is denoted as d (d can be understood as the total thickness of the front glass substrate 1 and the encapsulation layer 2); the distance between the first sub-cell 31 on both sides and the component frame 6 is denoted as L; the minimum angle between the sunlight and the upper surface 61 when the thin film component generates electricity in the morning and evening is denoted as α; then D+L=(H+d) / tanα; then W1=(H+d) / tanα-L+W2.
[0031] Specifically, taking Beijing as an example, its latitude is approximately 39.8°. After installing the thin-film module structure of Embodiment 1, at 9 AM, the angle between sunlight and the upper surface 61 of the module frame 6 is approximately 14°. In Embodiment 1, the upper surface of the selected module frame 6 is approximately 0.5 mm higher than the light-incident surface 11 (H = 0.5 mm). The distance between the light-incident surface 11 and the surface of the perovskite solar cell layer is 2.0 mm (d = 2.0 mm). The width of the middle sub-cell 32 is 8.0 mm, and the distance between the first sub-cell 31 on both sides and the module frame 6 is 3.0 mm. Based on the above parameters, the shading width D can be calculated.
[0032] That is, D = (0.5 + 2.0) / tan14° - 3.0 = 5.0 mm. Therefore, the width W1 of the first sub-cell 31 is calculated as W1 = W2 + D = 5.0 + 8.0 = 13.0 mm. Thus, in this embodiment 1, the width of the first sub-cell 31 near the left and right sides of the module frame 6 is set to 13.0 mm. In this way, for the Beijing area, the angle between the sunlight and the module frame 6 in the morning and evening has been considered in advance by designing the width of the first sub-cell 31 in the thin film module when generating electricity in the morning and evening. That is, the thin film module structure in this embodiment 1 has redundantly designed the width D of the first sub-cell 31 on the left and right sides to be blocked. Therefore, it can ensure that the effective power generation area of the first sub-cell 31 is not lower than the effective power generation area of the middle sub-cell 32, thereby eliminating the current limiting effect caused by the side blocking, so that the thin film module can work normally and generate electricity under the large angle of sunlight in the morning and evening.
[0033] Comparative Example 1
[0034] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the sub-cells in Comparative Example 1 adopt an equal width design, that is, the width of the sub-cells in Comparative Example 1 is uniformly set to 8.0mm, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0035] test:
[0036] The thin-film modules of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were compared in terms of power generation under the same installation conditions and illumination conditions. The results are shown in the table below:
[0037] Time (days) 15 29 Example 1: Power Generation (kWh) 1.438 3.984 Comparative Example 1: Electricity Generation (kWh) 1.356 3.662 Example 1: Daily power generation per kilowatt (kWh / kWp / day) 2.367 3.392 Comparative Example 1: Daily power generation per kilowatt (kWh / kWp / day) 1.800 2.516 Gain (%) 24.000 26.000
[0038] As can be seen from the table above, Example 1 shows a significant increase in power generation compared to Comparative Example 1. This gain originates from the power generation gain when sunlight is incident at a larger angle in the morning and evening. This demonstrates that the thin-film module structure designed in this invention, which optimizes edge light utilization, eliminates the current-limiting effect caused by side shading, enabling the thin-film module to operate normally and generate power under large-angle sunlight in the morning and evening, thereby increasing the total power generation.
[0039] The above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of this utility model are still within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A thin-film module structure for optimizing edge light utilization, characterized in that, The thin-film module structure includes: module laminate and module frame (6); The component laminate includes: The front glass substrate (1) has a light-incident surface (11) and a light-exit surface (12) facing each other; And the encapsulation layer (2), perovskite cell layer, back glass substrate (4) and adhesive (5) for bonding the front glass substrate (1) and the back glass substrate (4) are sequentially stacked on the light-emitting surface (12). The component frame (6) is snapped onto the outer edge of the component laminate. The upper end face (61) of the component frame (6) is higher than the light-incident surface (11), and the height difference between the upper end face (61) and the light-incident surface (11) is denoted as H. The perovskite solar cell layer is composed of several rows of sub-cells (3) arranged in series. The width of the first sub-cell (3) near the two sides of the component frame (6) is denoted as W1, and the width of the sub-cell (3) in the middle part is denoted as W2. Then W1 = W2 + D, where D represents the width of the sub-cells (3) near the component frame (6) on both sides that are blocked.
2. The thin-film module structure for optimizing edge light utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Let d be the distance from the light-incident surface (11) to the surface of the perovskite cell layer; let L be the distance between the first sub-cell (3) on both sides and the frame (6) of the module; let α be the minimum angle between the sunlight and the upper surface (61) when the thin film module generates electricity in the morning and evening; then D+L=(H+d) / tanα; then W1=(H+d) / tanα-L+W2.