Root system fertilizing device for forestry cultivation

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of root fertilization, in particular to a root fertilization device for forestry cultivation. According to the technical scheme, arc-shaped turning plates are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the upper end of a mixing box, a stirring motor is arranged between the arc-shaped turning plates, the lower end of the stirring motor is in transmission connection with a stirring shaft, a stirring plate is arranged on the stirring shaft, a turning plate valve is arranged at the lower end of the stirring plate, and an internal pipeline is arranged at the lower end of the turning plate valve; an arc-shaped electric sliding rail is arranged at the lower end of the material mixing box, and a movable sliding block is connected to the arc-shaped electric sliding rail in a sliding mode. The movable sliding block slides on the arc-shaped electric sliding rail to drive the movable vertical sliding rail and the movable connecting ring frame to rotate, rotation of the spiral blade is achieved, the movable connecting ring frame slides on the movable vertical sliding rail to drive an external pipeline to move, height adjustment is achieved, and automatic adjustment can be conducted according to the height of a root system. And the fertilizer is discharged from the discharging head and is applied to the root system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of root fertilization, and in particular to a root fertilization device for forestry cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Root fertilization is a method of fertilizing by applying fertilizer to the soil around the roots of plants.

[0003] In the current forestry cultivation process, trees need to be fertilized. However, existing fertilization devices only apply fertilizer to the ground surface, which may cause a large amount of substances to be lost, volatilized, and decomposed. The actual utilization efficiency of fertilizer is low, resulting in fertilization failure.

[0004] Therefore, given that the existing fertilization devices only apply fertilizer to the ground surface, resulting in low actual fertilizer utilization efficiency, a root fertilization device for forestry cultivation can be designed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing fertilization devices, which only apply fertilizer to the ground surface during the forestry cultivation process, the actual utilization efficiency of fertilizer is low, and a large amount of substances may be lost, volatilized and decomposed, resulting in fertilization failure.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a root fertilization device for forestry cultivation, comprising a square frame and a fertilization component. The upper end of the square frame is provided with a fertilization component for fertilization. The fertilization component includes a mixing box, with arc-shaped flaps at the front and rear ends of the upper end of the mixing box. A stirring motor is provided between the arc-shaped flaps. A stirring shaft is driven to the lower end of the stirring motor. A stirring plate is provided on the stirring shaft. A flap valve is provided at the lower end of the stirring plate. An internal pipe is provided at the lower end of the flap valve. An arc-shaped electric slide rail is provided at the lower end of the mixing box. A movable slider is slidably connected to the arc-shaped electric slide rail. A movable vertical slide rail is provided at the lower end of the movable slider. A movable connecting ring is slidably connected to the movable vertical slide rail. An external pipe is provided at the lower end of the movable connecting ring. A discharge head is provided at the lower end of the external pipe. Spiral blades are provided on the outside of the external pipe.

[0007] Preferably, by setting up a fertilizer application component, the fertilizer is mixed and dispensed, and the dispensing can be adjusted according to the root height.

[0008] Preferably, the mixing box is configured as a cylindrical hollow structure, and an arc-shaped flap is located at the upper end of the mixing box, with the arc-shaped flap and the mixing box being rotatably connected.

[0009] Preferably, there are six stirring plates, which are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the flap valve is located at the lower end of the mixing tank, and the internal pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mixing tank.

[0011] Preferably, the arc-shaped electric slide rail, the movable slider, and the movable vertical slide rail are arranged outside the internal pipe, and the arc-shaped electric slide rail, the movable slider, the movable vertical slide rail, the movable connecting ring frame, the external pipe, the discharge head, and the spiral blade are arranged as a whole.

[0012] Preferably, the square frame is designed with a square openwork shape, and hollow columns are provided around the lower end of the square frame. Spring dampers are provided at the lower ends of the hollow columns, and electric rollers are provided at the lower ends of the spring dampers.

[0013] Preferably, the hollow column, spring damper, and electric roller are set as a group, and a total of four groups are set, with the four groups respectively set around the lower end of the square frame.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. Fertilizer is stored in the mixing tank through an arc-shaped flap. The stirring motor starts, driving the stirring shaft and mixing plate to rotate and mix the fertilizer. After mixing, the flap valve rotates, allowing the mixed fertilizer to be discharged from the internal pipe. A moving slider slides on an arc-shaped electric slide rail, driving the moving vertical slide rail and the moving connecting ring frame to rotate, thus rotating the spiral blades. The moving connecting ring frame also slides on the moving vertical slide rail, causing the external pipe to shift, allowing for height adjustment. This can be automatically adjusted according to the height of the root system. Fertilizer is discharged from the outlet head, fertilizing the roots. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing fertilization devices in forestry cultivation, which only apply fertilizer to the ground surface, resulting in low fertilizer utilization efficiency and potential loss, volatilization, and decomposition of large amounts of substances, leading to fertilizer ineffectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a spring damper for a root fertilization device used in forestry cultivation according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the mixing plate of the root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the internal piping of the root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Square frame; 2. Hollow column; 3. Spring damper; 4. Electric roller; 501. Mixing box; 502. Arc-shaped flap; 503. Agitator motor; 504. Agitator shaft; 505. Agitator plate; 506. Flip valve; 507. Internal pipe; 508. Arc-shaped electric slide rail; 509. Moving slider; 510. Moving vertical slide rail; 511. Moving connecting ring frame; 512. External pipe; 513. Discharge head; 514. Spiral blade. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Among the currently discovered feasible technologies, root fertilization is a fertilization method that applies fertilizer to the soil surrounding the plant roots.

[0023] I. Definitions and Concepts

[0024] Plants absorb nutrients from fertilizers through their roots, including macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as micronutrients such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn), to meet their needs for growth, development, and reproduction.

[0025] II. Fertilization Methods

[0026] Ring fertilization

[0027] Procedure: Dig a circular trench slightly outside the edge of the tree canopy projection. The trench should be 30-40 cm wide and 20-50 cm deep, depending on the root distribution. Evenly spread the fertilizer in the trench and then cover it with soil. This method is suitable for young fruit trees, guiding the root system to expand outwards. For example, for young apple trees, applying fertilizer in a circular pattern before spring bud break can promote new shoot growth.

[0028] Radial fertilization

[0029] Operating method: Dig radial trenches at equal intervals around the tree trunk within the canopy's projection area, generally 4-6 trenches. The trenches should be 30-40 cm wide, shallower (15-20 cm) near the trunk and deeper (30-50 cm) further away. Apply fertilizer evenly within the trenches, then cover with soil. This method is suitable for mature fruit trees, ensuring even distribution of fertilizer around the root system. For example, radial fertilization of mature citrus trees can effectively supplement the nutrients needed for fruit growth.

[0030] Fertilizer application in trenches

[0031] Operating method: Dig trenches between rows or plants, with the trench width and depth similar to those for ring fertilization. Apply fertilizer into the trenches and cover with soil. This method is suitable for crops planted in wide rows, such as grapes. In grape cultivation, using trench fertilization when applying base fertilizer in winter is beneficial for improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility.

[0032] Fertilize the whole garden

[0033] Method: Spread the fertilizer evenly across the entire orchard or planting area, then till it into the soil. This method is suitable for orchards or flower fields with dense root systems. However, this method requires a relatively large amount of fertilizer, as some may be lost through volatilization or leaching. For example, in lawn fertilization, sometimes whole-area fertilization is used to distribute the fertilizer evenly to areas accessible to the lawn roots.

[0034] III. Types and Selection of Fertilizers

[0035] organic fertilizer

[0036] Types include compost, manure, green manure, and oilseed cake. Compost is made by piling up and fermenting plant residues and animal manure; manure is fertilizer made by mixing livestock manure and bedding materials; green manure is fertilizer made by directly turning over all or part of the green body produced by plants during their growth process into the soil, such as milkvetch; oilseed cake is the residue left after pressing oil from oilseed crops, such as soybean cake and rapeseed cake.

[0037] Features and Applications: Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and various nutrients, which can improve soil structure and increase soil water and fertilizer retention capacity. They are suitable for long-term use to improve soil fertility. For example, in vegetable cultivation, long-term application of organic fertilizers can loosen the soil and improve the taste of vegetables.

[0038] fertilizer

[0039] Types: Mainly nitrogen fertilizers (such as urea and ammonium bicarbonate), phosphate fertilizers (such as superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate), potassium fertilizers (such as potassium chloride and potassium sulfate) and compound fertilizers (fertilizers containing two or more nutrients, such as diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate compound fertilizers).

[0040] Features and Applications: Compound fertilizers are high in nutrients and have a rapid effect. Nitrogen fertilizer promotes lush foliage; phosphorus fertilizer helps root growth and flowering; potassium fertilizer enhances plant resistance to lodging and pests. Compound fertilizers can provide a variety of nutrients according to plant needs. For example, applying nitrogen fertilizer during the corn jointing stage can promote rapid growth and increase yield.

[0041] bio-fertilizer

[0042] Types: These include microbial fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers. Microbial fertilizers are products containing specific living microorganisms that can improve plant nutrition, such as rhizobium fertilizers, which can fix nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes. Bio-organic fertilizers are a combination of organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers, combining the advantages of both.

[0043] Features and applications: Bio-fertilizers can enhance plant disease resistance and improve fertilizer utilization. For example, using bio-fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis in flower cultivation can effectively inhibit pathogens in the soil and promote healthy flower growth.

[0044] IV. Fertilization Time and Precautions

[0045] Fertilization time

[0046] Base fertilizer: Generally applied in autumn or winter. For fruit trees, it is best to apply base fertilizer after fruit harvest and before leaf fall. Base fertilizer should mainly consist of organic fertilizer, supplemented with appropriate amounts of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. This helps the plant store nutrients for the following year's growth and also improves the soil.

[0047] Topdressing: This should be done according to the plant's growth stage and needs. For example, topdressing should be applied during key periods such as budding, flowering, and fruiting. During vegetable growth, nitrogen fertilizer can be applied appropriately during the seedling stage to promote seedling growth; phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied during the flowering and fruiting stages to improve fruit quality.

[0048] Precautions

[0049] Apply fertilizer appropriately: Avoid over-fertilizing, which can cause root burn or soil pollution. Different plants and different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, so the amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the actual situation. For example, too much nitrogen fertilizer will cause plants to grow excessively and reduce their resistance to adverse conditions.

[0050] Fertilization depth: The fertilization depth should be determined based on the distribution of the plant's root system. Generally, plants with shallow root systems should be fertilized at a shallower depth, while plants with deep root systems should be fertilized at a deeper depth. For example, the fertilization depth for herbaceous flowers is generally 10-20 cm, while the fertilization depth for trees may reach 30-60 cm.

[0051] Fertilizer mixing: When applying multiple fertilizers simultaneously, be aware of potential chemical reactions between them. For example, ammonium nitrogen fertilizers should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers, as this will result in ammonia volatilization and loss.

[0052] Traditional manual fertilization tools

[0053] Shovels and hoes:

[0054] These are the most basic tools for root fertilization in forestry cultivation. A shovel is used to dig fertilization pits, while a hoe is used to loosen the soil, making it easier for the fertilizer to mix with the soil. For example, in small-scale plantation cultivation or when fertilizing individual precious trees, use a shovel to dig a pit of suitable size (generally 20-50 cm deep and 30-60 cm in diameter, depending on the size of the tree and the distribution of the root system), place the fertilizer in the pit, and then gently turn over the surrounding soil with a hoe to ensure the fertilizer comes into contact with the soil.

[0055] Fertilizer gun:

[0056] A fertilizer gun is a relatively precise manual fertilization tool. It typically consists of a fertilizer tank with a pressure device and a pointed nozzle. During operation, fertilizer is loaded into the tank, and the pressure device pushes the fertilizer solution or granular fertilizer into the soil. Its advantage is that it can precisely apply fertilizer near the tree roots, reducing fertilizer waste. For example, in orchard cultivation, for mature fruit trees, the fertilizer gun can be inserted into the densely rooted area (generally about 50-100 cm from the trunk, with the insertion depth depending on the root depth, approximately 30-50 cm), delivering the fertilizer directly to the root absorption layer.

[0057] Mechanized fertilization equipment

[0058] Fertilizer applicator:

[0059] There are several types of fertilizer applicators used in forestry. One type is the towed fertilizer applicator, which can be pulled by vehicles such as tractors. This type of fertilizer applicator usually comes with a large fertilizer tank and fertilization device. It is very effective for fertilizing large areas of artificial afforestation. It can evenly apply fertilizer between rows or individual trees by controlling the amount and depth of application. For example, in a newly afforested area, with a row spacing of 3-5 meters and a plant spacing of 2-3 meters, the fertilizer applicator can travel along the rows and, through the adjustment device, apply fertilizer to the soil at a certain dosage (such as 10-20 kg of organic fertilizer per tree) and depth (20-40 cm).

[0060] Another type is the self-propelled fertilizer applicator, which has its own power unit. This type of fertilizer applicator is more mobile and can operate in more complex woodland terrain. Its fertilizer applicator can be disc-type or spiral-type. The disc-type fertilizer applicator spreads the fertilizer through a rotating disc and is suitable for granular fertilizers; the spiral-type fertilizer applicator uses a spiral drill to bury the fertilizer into the soil and is suitable for powdery or smaller granular fertilizers.

[0061] Injection fertilizer application equipment:

[0062] These devices are primarily used for precise fertilization deep into tree root systems. Similar to a large fertilizer gun, they inject fertilizer into the soil using hydraulic or pneumatic mechanisms. Some advanced injection fertilization devices can automatically adjust the injection pressure and depth based on soil hardness and the distribution of tree roots. For example, in urban forestry, for fertilizing large roadside trees, injection fertilization devices can accurately inject fertilizer into the soil around the tree roots to a depth of 60-80 centimeters without damaging urban roads and the landscape, ensuring the roots can fully absorb the fertilizer.

[0063] Intelligent fertilization system

[0064] Intelligent fertilization systems combine sensor technology, automated control technology, and information technology. In forestry cultivation, they can analyze the real-time fertilizer requirements of trees based on data collected by soil fertility sensors and tree growth sensors (such as trunk diameter change sensors and leaf nutrient component monitoring sensors).

[0065] Intelligent fertilization devices can automatically adjust the type, quantity, and timing of fertilizer application. For example, when a soil nitrogen level sensor detects that the nitrogen level is below the critical value required for tree growth, the intelligent fertilization system will automatically prepare a fertilizer solution containing an appropriate amount of nitrogen and precisely deliver it to the area around the tree roots via pipes or a fertilization device. This system can also be connected to remote monitoring equipment, allowing forestry managers to remotely monitor fertilization and adjust fertilization strategies in a timely manner via mobile applications or computer software.

[0066] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides an embodiment of a root fertilization device for forestry cultivation, comprising a square frame 1 and fertilization components. The square frame 1 is designed with a square, hollow shape. Hollow columns 2 are arranged around the lower end of the square frame 1, and spring dampers 3 are arranged at the lower end of the hollow columns 2. Electric rollers 4 are arranged at the lower end of the spring dampers 3. The hollow columns 2, spring dampers 3, and electric rollers 4 are arranged as a group, and a total of four groups are arranged, each group being arranged around the lower end of the square frame 1. The square frame 1 provides fixed support, the hollow columns 2 protect the spring dampers 3, the spring dampers 3 perform shock absorption, and the electric rollers 4 facilitate the displacement of the entire device.

[0067] Please see Figures 2-4This utility model provides an embodiment: a fertilization component for fertilization is provided at the upper end of a square frame 1. The fertilization component includes a mixing tank 501, with arc-shaped flaps 502 at the front and rear ends of the upper end of the mixing tank 501. A stirring motor 503 is arranged between the arc-shaped flaps 502, and a stirring shaft 504 is drivenly connected to the lower end of the stirring motor 503. A stirring plate 505 is arranged on the stirring shaft 504, and a flap valve 506 is arranged at the lower end of the stirring plate 505. The lower end of the flap valve 506 is provided with... The mixing tank 501 has an internal pipe 507. An arc-shaped electric slide rail 508 is located at the lower end of the mixing tank 501. A movable slider 509 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped electric slide rail 508. A movable vertical slide rail 510 is located at the lower end of the movable slider 509. A movable connecting ring frame 511 is slidably connected to the movable vertical slide rail 510. An external pipe 512 is located at the lower end of the movable connecting ring frame 511. A discharge head 513 is located at the lower end of the external pipe 512. Spiral blades 514 are located on the outside of the external pipe 512. The mixing tank 501 has a cylindrical hollow structure, and an arc-shaped flap 502 is located at the upper end of the mixing tank 501. The arc-shaped flap 502 and the mixing tank 501 are rotatably connected. Six stirring plates 505 are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft 504. A flap valve 506 is located at the lower end of the mixing tank 501, and an internal pipe 507 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mixing tank 501. An arc-shaped electric slide rail 508, a movable slider 509, and a movable vertical slide rail 510 are located outside the internal pipe 507, and the arc-shaped electric slide rail 508, the movable slider 509, the movable vertical slide rail 510, the movable connecting ring frame 511, the external pipe 512, the discharge head 513, and the spiral blade 514 are configured as a single unit. Fertilizer enters the mixing tank 501 through the arc-shaped flap 502 for storage. The stirring motor 503 starts, driving the stirring shaft 504 and stirring plate 505 to rotate and mix. After mixing, the flap valve 506 rotates, allowing the mixed fertilizer to be discharged from the internal pipe 507. The movable slider 509 slides on the arc-shaped electric slide rail 508, driving the movable vertical slide rail 510 and the movable connecting ring frame 511 to rotate, thereby rotating the spiral blade 514. The movable connecting ring frame 511 slides on the movable vertical slide rail 510, driving the external pipe 512 to move and adjust its height. This can be automatically adjusted according to the height of the root system. The fertilizer is discharged from the discharge head 513 to fertilize the roots.

[0068] During operation, the square frame 1 provides fixed support, the hollow column 2 protects the spring damper 3, the spring damper 3 provides shock absorption, and the electric roller 4 facilitates the displacement of the entire device. Fertilizer enters the mixing tank 501 through the arc-shaped flap 502 for storage. The stirring motor 503 starts, driving the stirring shaft 504 and stirring plate 505 to rotate and mix. After mixing, the flap valve 506 rotates, allowing the mixed fertilizer to be discharged from the internal pipe 507. The movable slider 509 slides on the arc-shaped electric slide rail 508, driving the movable vertical slide rail 510 and the movable connecting ring frame 511 to rotate, thus rotating the spiral blade 514. The movable connecting ring frame 511 slides on the movable vertical slide rail 510, driving the external pipe 512 to move, achieving height adjustment. This can be automatically adjusted according to the height of the root system. The fertilizer is discharged from the discharge head 513, fertilizing the roots and completing all the work.

[0069] Through the above steps, fertilizer is stored in the mixing box 501 through the arc-shaped flap 502. The stirring motor 503 is started, driving the stirring shaft 504 and the stirring plate 505 to rotate and mix. After mixing, the flap valve 506 rotates, allowing the mixed fertilizer to be discharged from the internal pipe 507. The movable slider 509 slides on the arc-shaped electric slide rail 508, driving the movable vertical slide rail 510 and the movable connecting ring frame 511 to rotate, thereby rotating the spiral blade 514. The movable connecting ring frame 511 slides on the movable vertical slide rail 510, driving the external pipe 512 to move and adjust its height. The height can be automatically adjusted according to the height of the root system. The fertilizer is discharged from the discharge head 513 to fertilize the root system. It overcomes the shortcomings of existing fertilization devices, which only apply fertilizer to the ground surface during forestry cultivation, resulting in low actual fertilizer utilization efficiency and potential loss, volatilization, and decomposition of large amounts of substances, leading to fertilization failure.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A root fertilization device for forestry cultivation, comprising a square frame (1), characterized in that: It also includes a fertilization assembly. The upper end of the square frame (1) is provided with a fertilization assembly for fertilization. The fertilization assembly includes a mixing tank (501). The front and rear ends of the upper end of the mixing tank (501) are provided with arc-shaped flaps (502). A stirring motor (503) is provided between the arc-shaped flaps (502). The lower end of the stirring motor (503) is connected to a stirring shaft (504). A stirring plate (505) is provided on the stirring shaft (504). A flap valve (506) is provided at the lower end of the stirring plate (505). An internal pipe is provided at the lower end of the flap valve (506). The lower end of the mixing box (501) is provided with an arc-shaped electric slide rail (508), a movable slider (509) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped electric slide rail (508), a movable vertical slide rail (510) is provided at the lower end of the movable slider (509), a movable connecting ring frame (511) is slidably connected to the movable vertical slide rail (510), an external pipe (512) is provided at the lower end of the movable connecting ring frame (511), a discharge head (513) is provided at the lower end of the external pipe (512), and a spiral blade (514) is provided on the outside of the external pipe (512).

2. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing box (501) is configured as a columnar hollow structure, and the arc-shaped flap (502) is located at the upper end of the mixing box (501). The arc-shaped flap (502) and the mixing box (501) are configured to be rotatably connected.

3. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are six stirring plates (505), which are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft (504).

4. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flap valve (506) is located at the lower end of the mixing tank (501), and the internal pipe (507) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mixing tank (501).

5. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped electric slide rail (508), the movable slider (509), and the movable vertical slide rail (510) are located outside the internal pipe (507), and the arc-shaped electric slide rail (508), the movable slider (509), the movable vertical slide rail (510), the movable connecting ring frame (511), the external pipe (512), the discharge head (513), and the spiral blade (514) are set as a whole.

6. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square frame (1) is set in a square hollow shape. Hollow columns (2) are set around the lower end of the square frame (1). Spring dampers (3) are set at the lower end of the hollow columns (2). Electric rollers (4) are set at the lower end of the spring dampers (3).

7. The root fertilization device for forestry cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that: Hollow column (2), spring damper (3) and electric roller (4) are set as a group, and a total of four groups are set, which are respectively set around the lower end of the square frame (1).

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