Miniature speed reducer
By using a split eccentric shaft assembly, involute tooth profile, and steel ball connection in the design of the miniature reducer, the problems of large size, low load capacity, and short service life in the existing technology have been solved, realizing the miniaturization, low cost, and high precision of miniature reducer manufacturing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520131926.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing micro reducers are large in size, have low load capacity, short service life, high precision requirements, and are difficult to manufacture. They mainly rely on imports and are expensive.
The design employs a split eccentric shaft assembly, involute tooth profile, steel ball connection, and cross slider assembly, combined with internal hexagonal bolt connection, to achieve flat wire fit between the eccentric block and the input shaft and balance hole design, forming a flexible rotating cage structure.
It achieves miniaturization, low cost, high precision, long life and high load capacity of micro reducers, and is easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
Smart Images
Figure CN223498570U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a miniature speed reducer. Background Technology
[0002] Existing miniature reducers are mainly used in robots and include three main types: RV reducers, harmonic reducers, and precision planetary reducers. RV reducers are difficult to miniaturize, resulting in a relatively large size. Harmonic reducers and precision planetary reducers suffer from low load-bearing capacity and short service life. Furthermore, these three main types of miniature reducers also require high precision, making domestic production difficult. While some domestic manufacturers produce them, they primarily rely on imports, which are relatively expensive. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a miniature speed reducer that is small in size, easy to manufacture, low in cost, high in precision, high in load capacity, and long in service life.
[0004] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is: a miniature speed reducer, comprising:
[0005] The base has an internal gear ring on its inner wall;
[0006] End cap, detachably fixed to one end of the internal gear seat;
[0007] A support ring is disposed between the inner gear ring of the base and the end cap;
[0008] The output unit is located on the side of the internal gear ring facing away from the support ring;
[0009] A connecting component is used to connect the support ring and the output unit to form a cage-like structure;
[0010] The input shaft is rotatably connected at both ends to the end cover and the output unit, respectively.
[0011] An eccentric block is fitted onto the input shaft, and two eccentric blocks are provided, with the two eccentric blocks having opposite eccentric directions relative to the input shaft;
[0012] The planetary gears are provided in two parts, each rotatably mounted on two eccentric blocks and meshing with the internal gear ring of the base; the two planetary gears are provided with through holes for the avoidance connection assembly; the support ring and the output unit are each provided with a cross groove between them and the adjacent planetary gears.
[0013] The cross slider assembly has two sets, each set being disposed in a cross groove, for transmitting the motion and torque of the two planetary gears to the cage structure.
[0014] Furthermore, the edges of the support ring and the output unit are provided with steps, and a ring of steel balls is provided on the steps of both the support ring and the output unit.
[0015] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes connecting posts disposed opposite to the support ring and the output unit, and internal hex bolts connecting the opposite connecting posts.
[0016] Furthermore, the input shaft is rotatably connected to the end cover and the output unit via bearings.
[0017] Furthermore, the eccentric block and the input shaft are coupled with flat wires.
[0018] Furthermore, the eccentric block is provided with a balancing hole or a balancing groove.
[0019] Furthermore, the cross groove is formed by protrusions provided on the support ring, the output unit, and the two planetary gears; the support ring, the output unit, and each planetary gear are provided with four protrusions, and a groove is formed between the four protrusions; the groove on the support ring is perpendicular to the groove on the adjacent planetary gear, thereby forming the cross groove.
[0020] Furthermore, the cross slider assembly includes a cross block and rollers; a plurality of rollers are evenly distributed between the cross block and the protrusion.
[0021] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: (1) The two eccentric blocks of the present invention are sleeved on the input shaft to form an eccentric shaft assembly, which has the advantages of easy manufacturing, low cost and easy to ensure accuracy. Moreover, this split structure can make the eccentric shaft assembly thinner, thereby making the volume of the micro reducer smaller.
[0022] (2) The tooth profiles of the internal gear ring and planetary gear of this utility model are both involute tooth profiles, which are more in line with the domestic production system and make manufacturing more convenient.
[0023] (3) The support ring and the output unit of this utility model are provided with a ring of steel balls, so that the cage structure formed by the connection of the support ring and the output unit can rotate flexibly on the base and has sufficient radial and axial bearing capacity, thus extending the service life.
[0024] (4) The support ring and the output unit of this utility model are connected by internal hex bolts, which makes installation convenient and the structure stable.
[0025] (5) The eccentric block and the input shaft of this utility model are fitted with flat wires. It is only necessary to install two identical eccentric blocks in opposite directions to ensure high precision.
[0026] (6) The eccentric block of this utility model is provided with a balance hole or balance groove, so that the center of gravity of the eccentric block is located on the axis of the input shaft, thereby balancing the inertial torque caused by the eccentric motion. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein...
[0028] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the present invention.
[0029] The labels in the attached diagram are:
[0030] Base 1, Internal gear ring 1-1, End cap 2, Support ring 3, Output unit 4, Connecting assembly 5, Connecting column 5-1, Hex socket head cap screw 5-2, Input shaft 6, Eccentric block 7, Planetary gear 8, Cross slider assembly 9, Cross block 9-1, Roller 9-2, Steel ball 10, Large bearing 11, Small bearing 12, Shim 13, Protrusion 14. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0037] (Example 1)
[0038] See Figure 1 The miniature reducer in this embodiment includes a base 1, an end cover 2, a support ring 3, an output unit 4, a connecting assembly 5, an input shaft 6, an eccentric block 7, a planetary gear 8, a cross slider assembly 9, and a steel ball 10.
[0039] An internal gear ring 1-1 is provided on the inner wall of the base 1. The end cover 2 is detachably fixed to one end of the internal gear base 1. If necessary or required, the end cover 2 can also be removed to facilitate the installation of the input motor.
[0040] A support ring 3 is disposed between the internal gear ring 1-1 of the base 1 and the end cap 2. An output unit 4 is disposed on the side of the internal gear ring 1-1 facing away from the support ring 3. A connecting assembly 5 connects the support ring 3 and the output unit 4 to form a cage-like structure. The output unit 4 serves as the output of the micro reducer and can be flange-shaped as in this embodiment, or deformed into a shaft shape. To facilitate installation and ensure structural stability, the connecting assembly 5 includes connecting posts 5-1 disposed opposite to each other on the support ring 3 and the output unit 4, and hexagon socket head cap bolts 5-2 connecting the opposite connecting posts 5-1.
[0041] The edges of the support ring 3 and the output unit 4 are provided with steps, and a ring of steel balls 10 is provided on the steps of the support ring 3 and the output unit 4. This allows the cage-like structure formed by the connection of the support ring and the output unit to rotate flexibly on the base and has sufficient radial and axial load-bearing capacity. The ring of steel balls 10 is essentially a bearing, but the price is much lower than that of a "cross roller bearing" with the same function.
[0042] The two ends of the input shaft 6 are rotatably connected to the end cover 2 and the output unit 4 respectively through bearings. In this embodiment, the bearings include a large bearing 11 and a small bearing 12. The large bearing 11 is connected to the end cover 2, and the small bearing 12 is connected to the output unit 4. A shim 13 is provided between the small bearing 12 and the output unit 4.
[0043] Two eccentric blocks 7 are provided, and the two eccentric blocks 7 are fitted onto the input shaft 6 to form an eccentric shaft assembly. The eccentric directions of the two eccentric blocks 7 relative to the input shaft 6 are opposite. This split eccentric shaft assembly is easy to manufacture, low in cost, and easy to ensure accuracy. Existing eccentric shafts are generally one-piece structures. One-piece eccentric shafts are usually manufactured using turning, grinding, and cutting processes. Because the eccentric shaft assembly of this application is small in size and needs to be eccentric in two opposite directions, the accuracy requirement is very high. Using existing processes for production places too high demands on various processes, resulting in very high production costs. In this embodiment, the eccentric blocks 7 and the input shaft 6 are fitted with flat wires. High accuracy can be ensured simply by installing two identical eccentric blocks 7 in opposite directions. The eccentric blocks 7 are provided with balance holes or balance grooves, so that the center of gravity of the eccentric blocks is located on the axis of the input shaft, thereby balancing the inertial torque caused by the eccentric motion.
[0044] Two planetary gears 8 are provided, each rotatably mounted on one of the two eccentric blocks 7 and meshing with the internal gear ring 1-1 of the base 1. Driven by the eccentric blocks 7 on the input shaft 6 and constrained by the internal gear ring 1-1 of the base 1, they perform planetary motion. The two planetary gears 8 are provided with through holes for the avoidance connecting assembly 5. Because the domestic production system for involute tooth profiles is relatively mature, both the internal gear ring 1-1 and the planetary gears 8 adopt involute tooth profiles, thus making manufacturing more convenient.
[0045] A cross groove is formed between the support ring 3 and the output unit 4 and the adjacent planetary gear 8. The cross groove is formed by the protrusions 14 provided on the support ring 3, the output unit 4 and the two planetary gears 8; four protrusions 14 are provided on the support ring 3, the output unit 4 and each planetary gear 8, and a groove is formed between the four protrusions; the groove on the support ring 3 is perpendicular to the groove on the adjacent planetary gear 8, thus forming a cross groove.
[0046] The cross-slider assembly 9 comprises two sets, each set positioned within a cross groove, for transmitting the motion and torque of the two planetary gears 8 to the cage structure. The cross-slider assembly 9 includes a cross block 9-1 and rollers 9-2; multiple rollers 9-2 are evenly distributed between the cross block 9-1 and the protrusion. During planetary motion, the planetary gears 8 transmit their motion and torque to the cage structure composed of the support ring 3, output unit 4, and connecting assembly 5 via the cross-slider assembly 9.
[0047] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A miniature speed reducer, characterized in that, include: The base has an internal gear ring on its inner wall; End cap, detachably fixed to one end of the internal gear seat; A support ring is disposed between the inner gear ring of the base and the end cap; The output unit is located on the side of the internal gear ring facing away from the support ring; A connecting component is used to connect the support ring and the output unit to form a cage-like structure; The input shaft is rotatably connected at both ends to the end cover and the output unit, respectively. An eccentric block is fitted onto the input shaft, and two eccentric blocks are provided, with the two eccentric blocks having opposite eccentric directions relative to the input shaft; The planetary gears are provided in two parts, each rotatably mounted on two eccentric blocks and meshing with the internal gear ring of the base; the two planetary gears are provided with through holes for the avoidance connection assembly; the support ring and the output unit are each provided with a cross groove between them and the adjacent planetary gears. The cross slider assembly has two sets, each set being disposed in a cross groove, for transmitting the motion and torque of the two planetary gears to the cage structure.
2. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the internal gear ring and the planetary gears have involute tooth profiles.
3. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edges of the support ring and the output unit are provided with steps, and a ring of steel balls is provided on the steps of the support ring and the output unit.
4. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes connecting posts disposed opposite each other on the support ring and the output unit, and internal hex bolts connecting the opposite connecting posts.
5. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input shaft is rotatably connected to the end cover and the output unit via bearings.
6. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric block and the input shaft are fitted with flat wires.
7. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric block is provided with a balancing hole or a balancing groove.
8. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross groove is formed by protrusions provided on the support ring, the output unit, and the two planetary gears; the support ring, the output unit, and each planetary gear are provided with four protrusions, and a groove is formed between the four protrusions; the groove on the support ring is perpendicular to the groove on the adjacent planetary gear, thereby forming the cross groove.
9. A miniature speed reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross slider assembly includes a cross block and rollers; a plurality of rollers are evenly distributed between the cross block and the protrusion.