Charging circuit, charging system and vehicle
By introducing electromagnetic induction devices and switching circuits into the charging circuit, and utilizing discharge to remove polarization voltage, the problem of slow charging speed of battery systems is solved, achieving faster charging speed and higher energy utilization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422572726.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-23
AI Technical Summary
When a battery system is charging, the polarization voltage increases, leading to an increase in terminal voltage, a decrease in actual current, and a reduction in charging speed.
By introducing electromagnetic induction devices and switching circuits into the charging circuit, the polarization voltage is removed by discharging, and the electrical energy from the discharge is used to recharge the battery, thereby improving the charging speed and energy utilization rate.
It effectively removes polarization voltage, increases charging speed, reduces energy waste, and improves charging efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223502595U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of charging technology, and in particular relates to a charging circuit, a charging system and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] When a battery system is charging, the polarization voltage of the cell increases, which leads to an increase in the terminal voltage and a decrease in the actual current, thus reducing the charging speed. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a charging circuit, a charging system, and a vehicle that removes polarization voltage through discharge, provides charging speed, and can recharge the released electrical energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.
[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a charging circuit, comprising:
[0005] Charging main circuit and electromagnetic induction device;
[0006] The first switching circuit has a first side electrically connected to the charging main circuit and a second side electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction device.
[0007] A unidirectional freewheeling circuit is connected in parallel with the first switching circuit.
[0008] In some examples, the first switching circuit includes:
[0009] The first switch has its first end electrically connected to the first end of the electromagnetic induction device, and its second end electrically connected to the charging main circuit.
[0010] The second switch has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the electromagnetic induction device, and its second end electrically connected to the charging main circuit.
[0011] In the embodiments of this application,
[0012] In some examples, a unidirectional freewheeling circuit includes:
[0013] The first unidirectional conducting device, the first end of the first unidirectional conducting device is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch, and the second end of the first unidirectional conducting device is electrically connected to the second end of the electromagnetic induction device.
[0014] The second unidirectional conducting device has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the second switch, and its second end electrically connected to the first end of the electromagnetic induction device.
[0015] In some examples, both the first unidirectional conducting device and the second unidirectional conducting device are diodes.
[0016] In some examples, the electromagnetic induction device includes a first inductor, a first end of which is electrically connected to a first end of a first switch and the cathode of a second diode, and a second end of which is electrically connected to a first end of a second switch and the anode of a first diode.
[0017] In some examples, the charging main circuit is provided with a second switching circuit, the first side of which is electrically connected to the first switching circuit, and the second side of which is used to connect to the power supply.
[0018] In some examples, during the charging phase, the first switching circuit is open and the second switching circuit is open;
[0019] During the depolarization phase, the first switching circuit is turned on, and the second switching circuit is turned off.
[0020] In some examples, the second switching circuit includes:
[0021] The third switch is located on the positive line of the main charging circuit;
[0022] The fourth switch is located on the negative line of the main charging circuit.
[0023] Secondly, this application provides a charging system, including a power source, a battery system, and a charging circuit according to the aforementioned method, wherein a first side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery system, and a second side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the power source.
[0024] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle including a battery pack and a charging circuit according to the foregoing, wherein a first side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery pack.
[0025] According to the charging circuit, charging system and vehicle of this application, the battery can be discharged using a first switching circuit and stored using an electromagnetic induction device, thereby removing polarization voltage and providing charging speed; during charging, the battery can also be charged using an electromagnetic induction device, thereby improving energy utilization.
[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0029] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the charging circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0030] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the charging circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0031] Figure label:
[0032] Charging circuit 100, charging main circuit 110, electromagnetic induction device 120, first switching circuit 130, unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140, first unidirectional conducting device 141, second unidirectional conducting device 142, second switching circuit 150, power supply 200, charging pile 210, battery system 300, battery pack 310, first to fourth switches Q1 to Q4, first to second diodes D1 to D2, first inductor L1. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0034] In the following description, a "circuit" refers to a conductive loop consisting of at least one element or sub-circuit connected by an electrical or electromagnetic link. When an element or circuit is said to be "coupled to" or "connected to" another element, or when an element / circuit is said to be "coupled at" or "connected at" two nodes, it can be directly coupled to or connected to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. The connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly coupled to" or "directly connected to" another element, it means that there are no intermediate elements between them.
[0035] In the description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such numerical descriptors can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0036] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0037] The higher the battery capacity, the lower the charging power. Since charging time and charging power are inversely related, the greater the decrease in charging power, the more severe the increase in charging time will be for each additional drop in power. With the rapid development of battery charging technology, the material design of the battery cell is no longer the bottleneck for the upper limit of the charging rate. Often, the higher the accumulated instantaneous polarization voltage of the charging cell, the higher the terminal voltage of the cell, which indirectly leads to a decrease in the charging current and thus a slower charging speed.
[0038] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a charging circuit, a charging system, and a vehicle that discharges the battery to remove polarization voltage and provide charging speed; and utilizes the discharged electrical energy to recharge the battery, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.
[0039] The charging circuit, charging system, and vehicle of embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 An architecture of a charging system is shown, and one embodiment of this application proposes a charging system. In this embodiment, the charging system includes a charging circuit 100, a power supply 200, and a battery system 300. A first side of the charging circuit 100 is electrically connected to the battery system 300, and a second side of the charging circuit 100 is electrically connected to the power supply 200.
[0041] In this embodiment, the charging circuit 100 mainly functions as an electrical energy transfer circuit to transfer the electrical energy output from the power supply 200 to the battery system 300. Furthermore, the charging circuit 100 can also discharge the battery system 300 to reduce the polarization voltage of the battery cells within the battery system 300.
[0042] The power supply 200 can be a charging pile 210, or other devices capable of outputting electrical energy, such as inverter groups. The battery system 300 can be a device that uses batteries as the main energy storage unit, such as a battery pack 310. The energy storage device can also be a functional unit in some devices; for example, the battery pack 310 can be integrated into an electric vehicle.
[0043] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 The structure of a charging circuit 100 is shown. One embodiment of this application proposes a charging circuit 100. Taking the charging circuit 100 connected to a charging pile 210 and a battery pack 310 as an example, the structure and principle of the charging circuit 100 are explained.
[0044] In this embodiment, the charging pile 210 is connected to the battery pack 310 in the vehicle via the charging circuit 100 to fast charge the battery system 300. During fast charging, the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 accumulates rapidly, and the charging circuit 100 can discharge the battery pack 310 to remove the polarization voltage; and use the discharged electrical energy to recharge the battery.
[0045] The charging circuit 100 includes a main charging circuit 110, an electromagnetic induction device 120, a first switching circuit 130, and a unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140. The first side of the first switching circuit 130 is electrically connected to the main charging circuit 110, and the second side of the first switching circuit 130 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction device 120. The unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140 is connected in parallel with the first switching circuit 130.
[0046] The first switching circuit 130 is connected between the charging main circuit 110 and the electromagnetic induction device 120. When the first switching circuit 130 is in the conducting state, the battery pack 310 and the electromagnetic induction device 120 are connected, and the battery pack 310 charges the electromagnetic induction device 120, thereby realizing discharge. At this time, the current flows from the battery pack 310 to the electromagnetic induction device 120.
[0047] It should be noted that when the first switching circuit 130 is in the on state, the main charging circuit 110 no longer transmits electrical energy to prevent the charging pile 210 from charging the electromagnetic induction device 120. During this stage, the charging pile 210 may stop outputting power, or the main charging circuit 110 may be disconnected.
[0048] The unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140 provides a current flow direction opposite to that when the first switching circuit 130 is turned on, that is, the current direction is from the electromagnetic induction device 120 to the battery pack 310, so that when the first switching circuit 130 is in the off state, the electromagnetic induction device 120 can be used to recharge the battery pack 310.
[0049] The electromagnetic induction device 120 is a device that operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the first switching circuit 130 switches from the on state to the off state, the electromagnetic induction device 120 generates a high back electromotive force, which charges the battery pack through the unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140. Thus, the electrical energy released when the battery pack 310 discharges returns to the battery pack 310, reducing energy waste.
[0050] During the recharging phase of the battery pack using the electromagnetic induction device 120, the main charging circuit 110 can continue to transmit electrical energy. The battery pack 310 simultaneously receives electrical energy from both the charging pile 210 and the electromagnetic induction device 120, improving charging efficiency.
[0051] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 A specific circuit structure of a charging circuit 100 is shown.
[0052] The main charging circuit 110 may include a positive line and a negative line. One end of the positive line is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging pile 210, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 310; one end of the negative line is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the charging pile 210, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack 310.
[0053] As one embodiment, the first switch circuit 130 may include a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2. The first end of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the first end of the electromagnetic induction device 120, and the second end of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the charging main circuit 110. The first end of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the second end of the electromagnetic induction device 120, and the second end of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the charging main circuit 110.
[0054] Both the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can be MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) or IGBTs (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors). Taking a MOSFET as an example, the first and second terminals of the switch can be either the source or the drain; taking an IGBT as an example, the first and second terminals of the switch can be either the collector or the emitter. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can be synchronized using a synchronous signal.
[0055] As one embodiment, the unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140 includes a first unidirectional conducting device 141 and a second unidirectional conducting device 142. The first terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device 141 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch Q1, and the second terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device 142 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120. The first terminal of the second unidirectional conducting device 142 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch Q2, and the second terminal of the second unidirectional conducting device 142 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120.
[0056] It is understandable that the polarity of the electromagnetic induction device 120 is opposite in the charging and discharging states. Therefore, the first unidirectional conducting device 141 is connected to one side of the first switch Q1, and the other side is connected to both ends of the electromagnetic induction device 120; the same applies to the second unidirectional conducting device 142 and the second switch Q2.
[0057] As an example, the second terminal of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging main circuit 110, and the second terminal of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the charging main circuit 110. When the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are turned on, current flows from the positive terminal to the first terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120, and then through the second terminal to the negative terminal. When the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are switched to the off state, current flows from the negative terminal to the first terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120, and then through the second terminal to the positive terminal, charging the battery pack 310.
[0058] In one embodiment, both the first unidirectional conducting device 141 and the second unidirectional conducting device 142 are diodes.
[0059] The first unidirectional conducting device 141 includes a first diode D1, and the second unidirectional conducting device 142 includes a second diode D2. The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal line, and the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120; the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal line, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the electromagnetic induction device 120.
[0060] In another embodiment, the first switching circuit 130 may use only one of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, and the unidirectional freewheeling circuit 140 may use only one of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2.
[0061] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic induction device 120 includes a first inductor L1, the first end of the first inductor L1 being electrically connected to the first end of the first switch Q1 and the cathode of the second diode D2, and the second end of the first inductor L2 being electrically connected to the first end of the second switch Q2 and the anode of the first diode D1.
[0062] In this embodiment, a first inductor L1, a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2 are used to achieve energy storage and discharge, thereby reducing the cell polarization voltage. The structure is simple and easy to implement.
[0063] As one embodiment, the charging main circuit 110 is provided with a second switching circuit 150. The first side of the second switching circuit 150 is electrically connected to the first switching circuit 130, and the second side of the second switching circuit 150 is used to connect to the power supply 200.
[0064] The second switching circuit 150 is used to control the on / off state of the charging main circuit 110. Combined with the on / off control of the first switching circuit 130, it facilitates charging and discharging. The switching states of the first switching circuit 130 and the second switching circuit 150 are opposite, so the first switching circuit 130 and the second switching circuit 150 can be controlled by complementary signals.
[0065] In one embodiment, the second switching circuit 150 may include a third switch Q3 and a fourth switch Q4, with the third switch Q3 located on the positive line of the charging main circuit 110 and the fourth switch Q4 located on the negative line of the charging main circuit 110.
[0066] The third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 can also be MOSFETs or IGBTs. Switches are provided on both the positive and negative lines to ensure the reliability of charging and discharging between the battery pack and the first inductor L1. The third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 can use a synchronization signal to control the power transmission output by the charging pile 210.
[0067] As one embodiment, during the charging phase, the first switching circuit 130 is turned off and the second switching circuit 150 is turned on; during the depolarization phase, the first switching circuit 130 is turned on and the second switching circuit 150 is turned off.
[0068] The charging stage refers to the stage where the battery pack 310 receives electrical energy output from the charging pile 210, or, in the initial stage of switching from the depolarization stage to the charging stage, the battery pack 310 also receives electrical energy output from the electromagnetic induction device 120 to store electrical energy. The depolarization stage refers to the stage where the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 is too high, requiring discharge to reduce the polarization voltage. The determination of the above stages can be based on the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310.
[0069] As an example, the vehicle can communicate with the charging pile 310. The charging pile 210 outputs information based on the communication content, and the vehicle control center controls the charging process based on the state of the battery pack 310 (such as polarization voltage). At the beginning of the charging process, the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 is low, and it is in the charging stage. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are opened, and the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 are turned on, and the charging pile 210 charges the battery pack. As the charging process progresses, the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 gradually increases. When it is greater than or equal to a threshold, it indicates that the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 has a significant impact on the charging speed, and it is determined to enter the depolarization stage. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are turned on, and the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 are opened. As the battery pack 310 discharges, the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 gradually decreases. When it is less than a threshold, it indicates that the polarization voltage of the battery pack 310 has a smaller impact on the charging speed, and it is determined to enter the charging stage. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are opened, and the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 are turned on. The entire charging process is completed in a cyclical manner.
[0070] One embodiment of this application also provides a vehicle, which includes a battery pack 310 and a charging circuit 100 as described above, with a first side of the charging circuit 100 electrically connected to the battery pack 310. Of course, the vehicle also has its main structure, which will not be described in detail here. The specific structure and principle of the charging circuit 100 can be referred to the foregoing, and will not be repeated here in this embodiment.
[0071] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A charging circuit, characterized in that, include: Charging main circuit and electromagnetic induction device; A first switching circuit, wherein a first side of the first switching circuit is electrically connected to the charging main circuit, and a second side of the first switching circuit is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction device; A unidirectional freewheeling circuit is connected in parallel with the first switching circuit.
2. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching circuit includes: A first switch, wherein a first end of the first switch is electrically connected to a first end of the electromagnetic induction device, and a second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the charging main circuit; The second switch has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the electromagnetic induction device, and its second end electrically connected to the charging main circuit.
3. The charging circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unidirectional freewheeling circuit includes: A first unidirectional conducting device, wherein a first end of the first unidirectional conducting device is electrically connected to a second end of the first switch, and a second end of the first unidirectional conducting device is electrically connected to a second end of the electromagnetic induction device. The second unidirectional conducting device has its first end electrically connected to the second end of the second switch, and its second end electrically connected to the first end of the electromagnetic induction device.
4. The charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first unidirectional conducting device and the second unidirectional conducting device are diodes.
5. The charging circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electromagnetic induction device includes a first inductor, a first end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch and the cathode of the second diode, and a second end of which is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch and the anode of the first diode.
6. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The charging main circuit is provided with a second switching circuit. The first side of the second switching circuit is electrically connected to the first switching circuit, and the second side of the second switching circuit is used to connect to the power supply.
7. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the charging phase, the first switching circuit is disconnected and the second switching circuit is turned on; During the depolarization phase, the first switching circuit is turned on, and the second switching circuit is turned off.
8. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second switching circuit includes: The third switch is located on the positive line of the main charging circuit; The fourth switch is located on the negative line of the main charging circuit.
9. A charging system, characterized in that, It includes a power supply, a battery system, and a charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein a first side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery system, and a second side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the power supply.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a battery pack and a charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein a first side of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery pack.