Voltage equalization circuit of super capacitor module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a voltage equalization circuit of a super capacitor module, which comprises a super capacitor module and a voltage equalization circuit, and the voltage equalization circuit comprises a reset chip, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor and a power resistor. The super-capacitor module is formed by connecting single super-capacitors with predetermined sections of voltage equalization circuits in series. The voltage balancing circuit of the super-capacitor module is simple in design and structure and low in cost, can ensure that the voltage of each single capacitor in the super-capacitor module is consistent without complex control logic, and improves the service life and safety of the capacitor module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electricity information collection terminals, and in particular, it is a voltage equalization circuit for a supercapacitor module. Background Technology

[0002] The voltage equalization circuit of a supercapacitor module is a crucial component for ensuring voltage consistency among the individual capacitors in the supercapacitor bank. Since the individual voltages of supercapacitors are typically low (less than 3V), many capacitors often need to be connected in series to meet voltage requirements. However, when used in series, voltage differences between the individual capacitors can lead to performance degradation and shortened lifespan. Therefore, designing an effective voltage equalization circuit is essential. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a voltage equalization circuit for a supercapacitor module to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the current technology.

[0004] The technical solution is a voltage equalization circuit for a supercapacitor module, comprising a supercapacitor module and a voltage equalization circuit, wherein the voltage equalization circuit includes a reset chip, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and a power resistor; the supercapacitor module is composed of individual supercapacitors connected in series with predetermined sections of the voltage equalization circuit.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, in the voltage equalization circuit, one end of the power resistor is connected to the drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the gate of the MOSFET is connected to the output pin of the reset chip, the source of the MOSFET is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip, and the power supply pin of the reset chip is connected to the other end of the power resistor.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit monitors the voltage of a single supercapacitor by a reset chip, and when the voltage is over-voltage, the reset chip controls a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor to discharge the supercapacitor.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit includes power resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOSFET) V2, and a reset chip V1. Power resistors R1, R2, and R3 are connected in parallel. One end of each power resistor is connected to the power supply pin of the reset chip V1, and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET V2. The source of the MOSFET V2 is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip. The gate of the MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of power resistor R4, and the other end of power resistor R4 is connected to the output pin of the reset chip.

[0008] According to one aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit of the supercapacitor module includes supercapacitors SC1, SC2, ..., SCm, inductor L, position switch Q1, position switch Q2, diode W1, diode W2, and capacitor Cc. The supercapacitors SC1, SC2, ..., SCm are connected in series. One end of supercapacitor SC1 is connected to one end of inductor L. The other end of inductor L is simultaneously connected to one end of position switches Q1 and Q2. The other end of position switch Q1 is simultaneously connected to one end of diode W1 and capacitor Cc. The other end of diode W1 is connected to one end of position switch Q1. The other end of position switch Q2 is simultaneously connected to one end of diode W2, the other end of capacitor Cc, and the other end of supercapacitor SCm. The other end of diode W2 is connected to one end of position switch Q2.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The voltage balancing circuit design of the supercapacitor module of this utility model plays a crucial role in the supercapacitor module. It adjusts the voltage between the individual supercapacitor cells, ensures the voltage consistency of each individual capacitor in the entire module, effectively extends the service life of the supercapacitor, and provides a reliable power supply when the terminal loses power. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware framework structure of the device of this utility model.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment system structure of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a voltage equalization circuit diagram of this utility model.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a voltage balancing circuit diagram of a single-stage supercapacitor module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a voltage balancing circuit diagram of a multi-stage supercapacitor module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Single supercapacitor; 2. Reset chip; 3. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor; 4. Power resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model proposes a voltage equalization circuit for a supercapacitor module, including a supercapacitor module and a voltage equalization circuit, wherein the voltage equalization circuit is composed of a reset chip, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), a power resistor, etc.

[0017] A reset chip is a microprocessor reset circuit used to monitor power supply voltage or battery voltage. The reset chip selected in this application requires no external components, improving circuit reliability and reducing circuit cost. When the monitored supercapacitor voltage is lower than a preset reset threshold, a valid reset signal is output; when the supercapacitor voltage rises above the reset threshold, the reset signal remains valid for at least 140 milliseconds, ensuring that short-term voltage drops do not affect the reset output. The chip provides a CMOS reset output with low activity. Reliable output is maintained across the entire temperature range, even when the voltage is as low as 1.15V.

[0018] The reset chip primarily functions as a voltage monitoring and control unit. It monitors the voltage of each individual capacitor in the supercapacitor module in real time and generates corresponding control signals based on the voltage data.

[0019] The MOSFET and power resistor act as energy transfer units, enabling energy transfer between individual supercapacitor cells.

[0020] The voltage equalization circuit uses a reset chip to monitor the voltage of the supercapacitor. When the voltage is over-voltage, the reset chip controls the MOSFET to discharge the supercapacitor. When the supercapacitor begins to charge, if the voltage is below the reset threshold, the reset chip outputs a low level, the MOSFET is turned off, there is no current in the branch, and all the charging energy is applied to the capacitor. When the voltage is above the threshold, the reset chip outputs a high level, the MOSFET is turned on, and the supercapacitor discharges through the power resistor, clamping its voltage at the reset threshold.

[0021] According to one aspect of this application, multiple supercapacitors with equalization circuits can be used in series. The supercapacitor module is composed of multiple stages of individual supercapacitors with equalization circuits connected in series.

[0022] According to one aspect of this application, in the voltage equalization circuit, one end of the power resistor is connected to the drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the gate of the MOSFET is connected to the output pin of the reset chip, the source of the MOSFET is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip, and the power supply pin of the reset chip is connected to the other end of the power resistor.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, according to one aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit includes power resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOSFET) V2, and a reset chip V1. Power resistors R1, R2, and R3 are connected in parallel. One end of each power resistor is connected to the power supply pin of the reset chip V1, and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET V2. The source of the MOSFET V2 is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip. The gate of the MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of power resistor R4, and the other end of power resistor R4 is connected to the output pin of the reset chip.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, according to one aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit of the supercapacitor module is a single-stage DC-DC converter structure, specifically including supercapacitor SC1, supercapacitor SC2, ..., supercapacitor SCm, inductor L, position switch Q1, position switch Q2, diode W1, diode W2 and capacitor Cc, wherein supercapacitor SC1, supercapacitor SC2, ..., supercapacitor SCm are connected in series with each other, one end of supercapacitor SC1 is connected to one end of inductor L, the other end of inductor L is connected to one end of position switch Q1 and position switch Q2, the other end of position switch Q1 is connected to one end of diode W1 and capacitor Cc, the other end of diode W1 is connected to one end of position switch Q1, the other end of position switch Q2 is connected to one end of diode W2, the other end of capacitor Cc and the other end of supercapacitor SCm, and the other end of diode W2 is connected to one end of position switch Q2.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, according to another aspect of this application, the voltage equalization circuit of the supercapacitor module is formed by multiple single-stage DC-DC converter structures connected in series.

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to ensure that the supercapacitor module, which serves as a backup power source for the terminal, can reliably and completely upload data to the main station when the terminal loses power.

[0027] The voltage balancing circuit design of this invention for supercapacitor modules is simple in structure and low in cost. It can ensure the consistency of voltage of each individual capacitor in the supercapacitor module without the need for complex control logic, thereby improving the service life and safety of the capacitor module.

[0028] It should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this utility model will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

Claims

1. A voltage equalization circuit for a supercapacitor module, characterized in that, Includes supercapacitor modules and voltage equalization circuits; The voltage equalization circuit includes a reset chip, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and a power resistor; the supercapacitor module is composed of individual supercapacitors connected in series with a predetermined voltage equalization circuit. In the voltage equalization circuit, one end of the power resistor is connected to the drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the gate of the MOSFET is connected to the output pin of the reset chip, the source of the MOSFET is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip, and the power supply pin of the reset chip is connected to the other end of the power resistor. The voltage equalization circuit uses a reset chip to monitor the voltage of a single supercapacitor. When the voltage is over-voltage, the reset chip controls the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor to discharge the supercapacitor. The voltage equalization circuit includes power resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOSFET) V2, and a reset chip V1. Power resistors R1, R2, and R3 are connected in parallel. One end of each power resistor is connected to the power supply pin of the reset chip V1, and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET V2. The source of the MOSFET V2 is connected to the ground pin of the reset chip, and the gate of the MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of power resistor R4. The other end of power resistor R4 is connected to the output pin of the reset chip.

2. The voltage equalization circuit of the supercapacitor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes supercapacitors SC1, SC2, ..., SCm, inductor L, position switch Q1, position switch Q2, diode W1, diode W2, and capacitor Cc. Supercapacitors SC1, SC2, ..., SCm are connected in series. One end of supercapacitor SC1 is connected to one end of inductor L. The other end of inductor L is connected to one end of both position switches Q1 and Q2. The other end of position switch Q1 is connected to one end of both diode W1 and capacitor Cc. The other end of diode W1 is connected to one end of position switch Q1. The other end of position switch Q2 is connected to one end of diode W2, the other end of capacitor Cc, and the other end of supercapacitor SCm. The other end of diode W2 is connected to one end of position switch Q2.

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