Low-voltage power supply circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a low-voltage power supply circuit and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of low-voltage power supply, and the low-voltage power supply circuit comprises a PACK battery pack, a storage battery, a control module, a switching module, a comparison module and a threshold module, the PACK battery pack is connected with the comparison module through the threshold module, the storage battery is connected with the comparison module, and the output end of the comparison module is connected with the switching module; the switching module is further connected with the PACK battery pack and the storage battery. The output end of the switching module is connected with the low-voltage power supply circuit. The control module is used for setting a threshold voltage through the threshold module, the comparison module is used for comparing the threshold voltage with the voltage of the storage battery and outputting a level signal, and the switching module is used for switching the power supply mode of the low-voltage power supply circuit into the PACK battery pack or the storage battery through the level signal. And a low-voltage power supply mode is switched into a PACK battery pack, so that normal use of low-voltage equipment and normal starting of a vehicle are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of low-voltage power supply technology, and in particular to a low-voltage power supply circuit and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The energy system of an electric vehicle typically includes: a power battery, a storage battery, a battery management system (BMS), and a charging system. Among these, the storage battery serves as the power source for the low-voltage electrical devices inside the electric vehicle, such as the radio, cigarette lighter, instrument lighting system, and vehicle control system, when the electric vehicle is not running. It plays a crucial role in the normal starting of the electric vehicle.

[0003] However, in actual use, the battery may become depleted. When an electric vehicle is stationary for a period of time, the battery may become depleted due to the daily power consumption of control equipment, which may cause the electric vehicle to fail to start normally, seriously affecting the normal use of the vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a low-voltage power supply circuit and vehicle to solve the defect in the prior art where a car cannot start normally when the battery is depleted.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a low-voltage power supply circuit, including: a PACK battery pack, a storage battery, a control module, a switching module, a comparison module, and a threshold module;

[0006] The PACK battery pack is connected to the comparison module through the threshold module, the storage battery is connected to the comparison module, and the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the switching module;

[0007] The switching module is also connected to the PACK battery pack and the storage battery respectively. The output terminal of the switching module is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit. The control module is also connected to the threshold module.

[0008] The control module is used to set a threshold voltage through the threshold module, the comparison module is used to compare the threshold voltage with the voltage of the battery and output a level signal, and the switching module is used to switch the power supply mode of the low voltage power supply circuit to the PACK battery pack or the battery through the level signal.

[0009] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the threshold module includes: a DC-DC conversion forward converter unit and a threshold voltage unit;

[0010] The input terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit is connected to the PACK battery pack, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit is connected to the threshold voltage unit, the threshold voltage unit is also connected to the comparator module, and both the DC-DC converter forward unit and the threshold voltage unit are connected to the control module.

[0011] The DC-DC converter forward unit is used to convert the voltage of the PACK battery pack to the target voltage, and the threshold voltage unit is used to adjust the target voltage to the threshold voltage.

[0012] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the DC-DC converter forward unit includes: a normally closed switch and a transformer;

[0013] The input terminal of the transformer is connected to the PACK battery pack, and the output terminal of the transformer is connected to the threshold voltage unit.

[0014] The normally closed switch is located between the PACK battery pack and the transformer, and the normally closed switch is also connected to the control module.

[0015] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the threshold voltage unit includes: a normally open switch, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor;

[0016] One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the output terminal of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the second voltage divider resistor and the comparator module respectively. The second voltage divider resistor is also grounded.

[0017] The normally open switch is connected in parallel with the first voltage divider resistor, and the normally open switch is also connected to the control module.

[0018] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the normally closed switch is controlled by the duty cycle, and the normally open switch is controlled by high and low levels.

[0019] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the comparison module includes: an operational amplifier;

[0020] The input terminals of the operational amplifier are connected to the battery and the threshold module, respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the switching module.

[0021] The operational amplifier is used to compare whether the battery is undervoltage.

[0022] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the switching module includes: an electromagnetic switching switch;

[0023] The input terminal of the electromagnetic switching switch is connected to the PACK battery pack and the storage battery, respectively, and the output terminal of the electromagnetic switching switch is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit.

[0024] According to the low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model, the electromagnetic switching switch includes: a first contact and a second contact;

[0025] When the first contact is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit is powered by the PACK battery pack; when the second contact is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit is powered by the storage battery.

[0026] The low-voltage power supply circuit provided by this utility model also includes a voltage stabilizing capacitor;

[0027] The voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected in parallel between the low-voltage power supply circuits to stabilize the voltage during the switching process of the low-voltage power supply circuits.

[0028] Secondly, this utility model also provides a vehicle including a low-voltage power supply circuit as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0029] This utility model provides a low-voltage power supply circuit and vehicle, including: a PACK battery pack, a battery, a control module, a switching module, a comparison module, and a threshold module; the PACK battery pack is connected to the comparison module via the threshold module, the battery is connected to the comparison module, and the output of the comparison module is connected to the switching module; the switching module is also connected to both the PACK battery pack and the battery, and its output is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit; the control module is also connected to the threshold module; the control module is used to set a threshold voltage via the threshold module, the comparison module is used to compare the threshold voltage with the battery voltage and output a level signal, and the switching module is used to switch the power supply mode of the low-voltage power supply circuit to either the PACK battery pack or the battery via the level signal; when the threshold module determines that the battery is undervoltage, it switches the low-voltage power supply mode to the PACK battery pack, ensuring the normal use of the low-voltage equipment and the normal starting of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage power supply circuit provided in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage power supply switching process provided in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage power supply circuit provided in this embodiment.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-voltage power supply circuit, including: a PACK battery pack 1, a storage battery 2, a control module 3, a switching module 4, a comparison module 5, and a threshold module 6; wherein, the PACK battery pack 1 is connected to the comparison module 5 through the threshold module 6, the storage battery 2 is connected to the comparison module 5, and the output terminal of the comparison module 5 is connected to the switching module 4; the switching module 4 is also connected to both the PACK battery pack 1 and the storage battery 2, and its output terminal is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit LV; the control module 3 is also connected to the threshold module 6; the control module 3 is used to set a threshold voltage through the threshold module 6, the comparison module 5 is used to compare the threshold voltage with the voltage of the storage battery 2 and output a level signal, and the switching module 4 is used to switch the power supply mode of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV to either the PACK battery pack 1 or the storage battery 2 through the level signal. Wherein, PACK+ and PACK- represent the power supply voltage of the PACK battery pack, LV1+ and LV1- represent the power supply voltage after voltage conversion, LV2+ and LV2- represent the power supply voltage of the storage battery, and LV+ and LV- represent the voltage of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV.

[0036] In a specific implementation, taking the low-voltage power supply circuit LV installed in a vehicle as an example, the process is described from the perspectives of being in a sleep state with low power, in normal operation, and then in normal sleep state. When the vehicle is in sleep mode and the battery 2 is low on power, the threshold module 6 outputs a threshold voltage, which is then compared with the battery 2 voltage by the comparison module 5. When the low power of the battery 2 is determined, the comparison module 5 outputs a high level. At this time, the switching module 4 switches the power supply mode of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV to be powered by the PACK battery pack 1.

[0037] After the high voltage is applied, the voltage of battery 2 gradually returns to normal. To ensure that the low-voltage power supply circuit LV does not experience abnormal power outages during this power-on state, the power supply mode of battery pack 1 is maintained throughout the normal power supply process, and switching to the low-voltage power supply is prohibited. Therefore, the threshold module 6 is adjusted by the control module 3 to ensure that the comparator module 5 always outputs a high level.

[0038] When the vehicle finishes normal operation and the voltage of battery 2 returns to normal, the vehicle enters a dormant state again. At this time, the control module 3 does not need to control the threshold module 6. The voltage of battery 2 is greater than the threshold voltage of the threshold module 6. Therefore, the comparison module 5 outputs a low level, and the switching module 4 will switch the power supply mode of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV to the power supply of battery 2 under the control of the low level.

[0039] This system ensures that when battery 2 becomes depleted due to prolonged dormancy, the low-voltage power supply is switched to battery pack 1. After the vehicle starts normally, battery pack 1 continues to supply power. When battery 2's voltage returns to normal and the vehicle returns to dormancy, the low-voltage power supply is switched back to battery 2. This ensures the smooth and safe operation of the entire low-voltage power supply process, guaranteeing the normal starting of the vehicle's low-voltage equipment and the vehicle itself. It should be noted that the low-voltage power supply circuit LV and MCU described in this embodiment are low-voltage electrical devices. In actual applications, various low-voltage electrical devices are used, which will not be listed here.

[0040] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the threshold module 6 in this embodiment includes a DC-DC converter forward unit 61 and a threshold voltage unit 62. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit 61 is connected to the PACK battery pack 1, and the output terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit 61 is connected to the threshold voltage unit 62. The threshold voltage unit 62 is also connected to the comparator module 5, and both the DC-DC converter forward unit 61 and the threshold voltage unit 62 are connected to the control module 3. The DC-DC converter forward unit 61 is used to convert the voltage of the PACK battery pack 1 to the target voltage, and the threshold voltage unit 62 is used to adjust the target voltage to the threshold voltage.

[0041] Specifically, the DC-DC converter forward unit 61 includes: a normally closed switch S1 and a transformer; the input terminal of the transformer is connected to the PACK battery pack 1, and the output terminal of the transformer is connected to the threshold voltage unit 62; the normally closed switch S1 is located between the PACK battery pack 1 and the transformer, and is also connected to the control module 3. The threshold voltage unit 62 includes: a normally open switch S2, a first voltage divider resistor R1, and a second voltage divider resistor R2; one end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the second voltage divider resistor R2 and the comparator module 5 respectively, and the second voltage divider resistor R2 is also grounded; the normally open switch S2 is connected in parallel with the first voltage divider resistor R1, and is also connected to the control module 3. The normally closed switch S1 is controlled by the duty cycle, and the normally open switch S2 is controlled by high and low levels.

[0042] During normal operation, the output voltage of PACK battery pack 1 is converted into the voltage required by the normal low-voltage power supply circuit LV through the DC-DC converter forward unit 61, denoted as LV1. The conversion formula is as follows:

[0043] U LV1 =U PACK *t on / T*N2 / N1 (1)

[0044] Among them, U LV1 U represents the voltage output of LV1. PACK Indicates the PACK voltage, t on N1 represents the closing period of normally closed switch S1, T represents the total closing and opening period of normally closed switch S1, N1 represents the number of turns of transformer winding W1, and N2 represents the number of turns of transformer winding W2.

[0045] The control module 3 (Microcontroller Unit, MCU) adjusts the opening and closing time of the normally closed switch S1 by controlling the duty cycle of the PWM wave, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling and changing the stable output of LV1, as shown in formula (2):

[0046] U LV1 =U PACK *t on / T*N2 / N1 (2)

[0047] For example: When N2:N1 is 1:10, and the voltage of PACK battery pack 1 is 480V, in order to make LV1 stably output 12V, the PWM duty cycle should be adjusted to: 12 = 480 * t on / T*1 / 10. t on / T = 1 / 4, meaning the duty cycle should be set to 25%. If T is 400ms, then ton should be 100ms.

[0048] When the vehicle is in a dormant state, the normally closed switch S1 is in the normally closed state, and LV1 outputs a stable voltage as shown in formula (3):

[0049] U LV1 =U PACK *N2 / N1 (3)

[0050] Under the action of the first voltage divider resistor R1, the second voltage divider resistor R2, and the normally open switch S2, the output voltage after voltage division, which is one of the input voltages of the comparison module 5, is given by formula (4):

[0051] Vin1=LV1*R2 / (R1+R2) (4)

[0052] Where LVI represents the output voltage of the DC-DC converter forward unit 61, R1 represents the resistance value of the first voltage divider resistor, and R2 represents the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor.

[0053] The input requirements of Vin1 can be met by setting the resistance ratio of R2 and R1. For example, when LV1 outputs 12V, the undervoltage threshold (low voltage source switching threshold) of battery 2 is set to 9V, such as: R2 / (R1+R2)=9 / 12=3 / 4, that is, R1:R2=1:3.

[0054] When the vehicle is awakened, the normally open switch S2 closes, and Vin1 = LV1 at this time.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, comparison module 5 includes an operational amplifier; the input terminals of the operational amplifier are connected to the battery 2 and the threshold module 6 respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the switching module 4; the operational amplifier is used to compare whether the battery 2 is undervoltage. Switching module 4 includes an electromagnetic switching switch; the input terminals of the electromagnetic switching switch are connected to the PACK battery pack 1 and the battery 2 respectively, and the output terminal of the electromagnetic switching switch is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit LV. The electromagnetic switching switch includes a first contact 41 and a second contact 42; when the first contact 41 is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is powered by the PACK battery pack 1; when the second contact 42 is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is powered by the battery 2.

[0056] Specifically, the two input terminals of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to the battery 2 and the first voltage-dividing resistor, and then the current voltage of the battery 2 is compared with the threshold voltage after conversion and voltage division. When the voltage of the battery 2 is greater than the threshold voltage, that is, Vin2 > Vin1, the operational amplifier outputs a low level at this time, that is, Vout is at a low level; when the voltage of the battery 2 is less than the threshold voltage, that is, Vin2 < Vin1, the operational amplifier circuit outputs a high level at this time, that is, Vout is at a high level. The high level controls the second contact 42 of the electromagnetic switching switch to close, that is, the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is powered by the battery 2, and the low level controls the first contact 41 of the electromagnetic switching switch to close, that is, the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is powered by the PACK battery pack 1. Thus, according to whether the battery 2 is out of power, the corresponding power supply method is adopted to ensure the normal operation of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV.

[0057] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, a voltage stabilizing capacitor C is also included. The voltage stabilizing capacitor C is connected in parallel between the low-voltage power supply circuit LV and is used to stabilize the voltage during the switching process of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV.

[0058] Specifically, a voltage stabilizing capacitor C is provided at the connection end of the electromagnetic switching switch, which is the output end of the entire circuit, and the low-voltage power supply circuit LV. The main function of the voltage stabilizing capacitor C is to maintain the voltage stability during the switching between the battery 2 and the PACK battery pack 1, ensure that the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is not affected during the power supply mode switching, and ensure a stable voltage supply.

[0059] From the overall process, the power supply method of the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is described in detail again. Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of the low-voltage power supply switching provided in this embodiment.

[0060] As Figure 2 shown, the overall full process is described. When the voltage of the battery 2 is greater than the threshold voltage, that is, LV2 > U PACK *(N2 / N1)*[R2 / (R1+R2)], the vehicle state is determined. When the vehicle and the BMS are in the sleep state, the normally closed switch S1 is closed and the normally open switch S2 is opened at this time. The operational amplifier outputs a low level, and the second contact 42 of the electromagnetic switching switch is closed, and the low-voltage power supply is supplied by the battery 2LV2.

[0061] When the battery voltage is less than the threshold voltage, that is, LV2 < U PACK*(N2 / N1)*[R2 / (R1+R2)], where Vin1>Vin2, the operational amplifier output Vout is high, and the electromagnetic switch will switch from the second contact 42 to the first contact 41. At this time, the low-voltage power supply circuit LV is powered through PACK battery pack 1. During the switching process, the low-voltage power supply is interrupted, but due to the presence of the voltage regulator capacitor C, the low-voltage power supply circuit LVLV continues to output voltage for a short period, ensuring the normal operation of the low-voltage equipment. This completes the low-voltage power supply mode switching when battery 2 is depleted, switching from battery 2 to PACK battery pack 1.

[0062] After the vehicle is woken up, the MCU first controls the normally open switch S2 to open and the normally closed switch S1 to close. At this time, the input of the operational amplifier Vin1 increases from LV1*R2 / (R1+R2) to LV1, still ensuring that Vin1>Vin2. Vout always outputs a high level, and the electromagnetic switch is always engaged with the first contact 41, maintaining the power supply to PACK battery pack 1. As the high voltage is applied, the voltage of battery 2 gradually recovers to the normal voltage. The duty cycle of normally closed switch S1 should be set as follows: duty cycle >= U LV2 / U pack *N1 / N2 ensures that Vout always outputs a high level, so Vin1>Vin2, which prevents abnormal power outages in the low-voltage power supply during power-on.

[0063] After the driving operation ends and the vehicle is de-energized, the vehicle and BMS enter a sleep state. At this time, the MCU stops controlling the normally closed switch S1 and normally open switch S2. Normally closed switch S1 returns to its normally closed state, and normally open switch S2 returns to its normally open state. At this point, the battery voltage 2 is greater than the threshold voltage, i.e., LV2 > U. PACK *(N2 / N1)*[R2 / (R1+R2)], Vout outputs a low level again, the electromagnetic switch switches to connect to the second contact 42, and the LV low-voltage power supply switches to normal power supply from battery 2. Similarly, during the switching process, due to the presence of the voltage regulator capacitor C, a stable voltage supply is ensured even when the low-voltage power supply is disconnected, maintaining a short-term stable low-voltage output until the electromagnetic switch is fully switched. Thus, the charging of battery 2 is completed and the low-voltage power supply circuit LV switches from PACK battery pack 1 to battery 2.

[0064] This invention effectively solves the problem of battery 2 failing to automatically recharge itself after being depleted by adjusting the power supply architecture of the PHEV / HEV / EV vehicle. Through PWM control of the normally closed switch S1 and high / low level control of the normally open switch S2, the voltage output of LV1 is intelligently controlled, thereby effectively controlling the output level of the operational amplifier. Furthermore, by optimizing the control flow and timing based on the low-voltage power supply switching circuit, the invention effectively addresses the issue of battery 2 failing to recharge after being depleted, while also better protecting battery 2 and extending its lifespan.

[0065] Based on the same general inventive concept, this utility model also protects a vehicle including a low-voltage power supply circuit as described in any of the above embodiments, the vehicle including electric vehicles and electric construction machinery, etc.

[0066] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0067] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: PACK includes battery pack, battery, control module, switching module, comparison module, and threshold module; The PACK battery pack is connected to the comparison module through the threshold module, the storage battery is connected to the comparison module, and the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the switching module; The switching module is also connected to the PACK battery pack and the storage battery respectively. The output terminal of the switching module is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit. The control module is also connected to the threshold module. The control module is used to set a threshold voltage through the threshold module, the comparison module is used to compare the threshold voltage with the voltage of the battery and output a level signal, and the switching module is used to switch the power supply mode of the low voltage power supply circuit to the PACK battery pack or the battery through the level signal.

2. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold module includes: a DC-DC converter forward unit and a threshold voltage unit; The input terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit is connected to the PACK battery pack, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter forward unit is connected to the threshold voltage unit, the threshold voltage unit is also connected to the comparator module, and both the DC-DC converter forward unit and the threshold voltage unit are connected to the control module. The DC-DC converter forward unit is used to convert the voltage of the PACK battery pack to the target voltage, and the threshold voltage unit is used to adjust the target voltage to the threshold voltage.

3. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC-DC converter forward unit includes: a normally closed switch and a transformer; The input terminal of the transformer is connected to the PACK battery pack, and the output terminal of the transformer is connected to the threshold voltage unit. The normally closed switch is located between the PACK battery pack and the transformer, and the normally closed switch is also connected to the control module.

4. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threshold voltage unit includes: a normally open switch, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor; One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the output terminal of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the second voltage divider resistor and the comparator module respectively. The second voltage divider resistor is also grounded. The normally open switch is connected in parallel with the first voltage divider resistor, and the normally open switch is also connected to the control module.

5. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The normally closed switch is controlled by the duty cycle, and the normally open switch is controlled by high and low levels.

6. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison module includes: an operational amplifier; The input terminals of the operational amplifier are connected to the battery and the threshold module, respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the switching module. The operational amplifier is used to compare whether the battery is undervoltage.

7. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes: an electromagnetic switching switch; The input terminals of the electromagnetic switching switch are connected to the PACK battery pack and the storage battery, respectively, and the output terminal of the electromagnetic switching switch is connected to the low-voltage power supply circuit.

8. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electromagnetic switching switch includes: a first contact and a second contact; When the first contact is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit is powered by the PACK battery pack; when the second contact is closed, the low-voltage power supply circuit is powered by the storage battery.

9. The low-voltage power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator capacitor; The voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected in parallel between the low-voltage power supply circuits to stabilize the voltage during the switching process of the low-voltage power supply circuits.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the low-voltage power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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