Battery crushing and recycling system
By introducing a vacuum system and a gate valve into the battery crushing and recycling system, the battery can be crushed while charged, which solves the safety hazards and low efficiency problems in the battery recycling process and improves the safety and efficiency of the crushing process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422662823.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-31
AI Technical Summary
There are safety hazards in the current battery recycling process, such as the possibility of battery explosion during discharge, and the long discharge cycle leading to low efficiency. Nitrogen-protected crushing methods pose risks of nitrogen pollution and explosion.
A battery crushing and recycling system with a vacuum system is adopted. By setting a gate valve and a vacuum system between the feeding device and the crusher, the charged battery is crushed. The vacuum system absorbs the gas generated by the battery, thus preventing explosion and combustion.
It improves the safety and efficiency of the battery breakage process, avoids battery combustion and explosion during breakage, simplifies the discharge steps, and improves recycling efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223505414U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular to a battery crushing and recycling system. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the methods and processes for crushing used power batteries during recycling are as follows: First, the used batteries are discharged. Second, to accommodate the cutting of different battery models, the battery modules are disassembled into individual cells. Then, the batteries are cut to separate the cells, casing, and electrodes. Finally, the cells are crushed. However, this recycling process has the following drawbacks: First, the discharge process of used batteries generates heat, and over-discharge can easily cause bulging, posing a safety hazard. Improper discharge operations can easily lead to explosions, potentially threatening the safety of workers. Second, the discharge cycle of used batteries is long, requiring a certain amount of time to reduce the lithium battery charge to a relatively safe voltage suitable for crushing, resulting in low recycling efficiency.
[0003] In the current battery recycling process, the method of nitrogen protection crushing is mostly used. The charged battery is placed in an environment filled with inert gases such as nitrogen to prevent the battery from catching fire. However, in the process of crushing the battery, the residual electrolyte inside the waste battery and the gas leakage into the nitrogen environment make the nitrogen environment not pure enough, which may occasionally cause battery explosions and fires, and easily lead to safety accidents.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of battery crushing and recycling system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the existing technology. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery crushing and recycling system that can achieve charged battery crushing and recycling without discharging, thereby improving the safety of the battery crushing process and increasing the efficiency of battery crushing and recycling.
[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] The battery crushing and recycling system includes a feeding device, a crusher, and a vacuum system. The feeding device has a first transition chamber, with a feeding inlet and a feeding outlet at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The feeding inlet is equipped with a first gate valve, and the feeding outlet is equipped with a second gate valve. At least one of the first and second gate valves is in a closed state, so that the first and / or second gate valves can carry the batteries to be crushed. The feed inlet of the crusher is connected to the feeding outlet, and the discharge outlet of the crusher is connected to the discharge device. The vacuum system is connected to the first transition chamber and the inner cavity of the crusher.
[0008] Optionally, the above-mentioned discharge device has a second transition cavity, and the upper and lower ends of the second transition cavity are respectively provided with a discharge inlet and a discharge outlet. The discharge inlet is connected to the discharge outlet, and the discharge inlet is provided with a third slide valve.
[0009] Optionally, the discharge outlet is provided with a fourth gate valve, and the third gate valve and / or the fourth gate valve are in the closed state.
[0010] Optionally, the outer wall of the gate of the first gate valve, the outer wall of the gate of the second gate valve, the outer wall of the gate of the third gate valve, and the outer wall of the gate of the fourth gate valve are all provided with an insulating layer.
[0011] Optionally, the second transition cavity is connected to the vacuum system.
[0012] Optionally, check valves are provided between the first transition chamber and the vacuum system, between the crusher and the vacuum system, and between the second transition chamber and the vacuum system.
[0013] Optionally, the vacuum system includes a vacuum tank, which is connected to the first transition chamber, the crusher, and the second transition chamber.
[0014] Optionally, the top of the vacuum tank is connected to the check valve, and the bottom of the vacuum tank is connected to the drain valve.
[0015] Optionally, the aforementioned feed outlet is connected to the feeder inlet, and the aforementioned feeder outlet is connected to the aforementioned feed port.
[0016] Optionally, the vacuum level of the above-mentioned vacuum system is -80 kPa to -96 kPa.
[0017] Beneficial effects:
[0018] The feeding device of this invention has a first transition chamber, with a first insert valve and a second insert valve respectively installed at its upper and lower ends. The first and second insert valves can be closed simultaneously to seal the first transition chamber, or either one can be opened at a time. After the first insert valve carries the battery to be crushed, it opens to place the battery into the first transition chamber, where it is then carried by the second insert valve. At this time, a vacuum system is connected to the first transition chamber to evacuate it, absorbing the gases generated by the battery and preventing explosion and combustion. Then, the second insert valve opens to transport the battery to the subsequent crusher and discharge device. The vacuum system is also connected to the crusher to absorb the vaporized electrolyte and internal reaction gases generated after battery crushing, preventing combustion and explosion of battery debris during the crushing process and improving safety. This battery crushing and recycling system can achieve charged battery crushing and recycling without discharging, improving safety and recycling efficiency during the crushing process. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery crushing and recycling system provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model.
[0020] In the picture:
[0021] 100. Feeding device; 110. First transition chamber; 111. Feeding inlet; 112. Feeding outlet; 120. First slide gate valve; 130. Second slide gate valve;
[0022] 200. Crusher; 210. Feed inlet; 220. Discharge outlet;
[0023] 300. Discharge device; 310. Second transition chamber; 311. Discharge inlet; 312. Discharge outlet; 320. Third slide gate valve; 330. Fourth slide gate valve;
[0024] 400. Vacuum system; 410. Check valve; 420. Vacuum tank; 430. Drain valve;
[0025] 500, feeder; 600, loading machine. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.
[0027] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0029] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.
[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 The battery crushing and recycling system in this embodiment includes a feeding device 100, a crusher 200, and a vacuum system 400. The feeding device 100 has a first transition cavity 110, with a feeding inlet 111 and a feeding outlet 112 respectively provided at its upper and lower ends. The feeding inlet 111 is provided with a first gate valve 120, and the feeding outlet 112 is provided with a second gate valve 130. At least one of the first gate valve 120 and the second gate valve 130 is in a closed state so that the first gate valve 120 and / or the second gate valve 130 can carry the battery to be crushed. The feed inlet 210 of the crusher 200 is connected to the feeding outlet 112, and the discharge outlet 220 of the crusher 200 is connected to the discharge device 300. The vacuum system 400 is connected to the first transition cavity 110 and the inner cavity of the crusher 200.
[0031] In this embodiment, the feeding device 100 has a first transition cavity 110. A first insert valve 120 and a second insert valve 130 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the first transition cavity 110. The first insert valve 120 and the second insert valve 130 can be closed simultaneously to seal the first transition cavity 110, or either the first insert valve 120 or the second insert valve 130 can be opened at once. This allows the first insert valve 120 to open after it has received the battery to be broken, allowing the battery to be placed into the first transition cavity 110, and then the second insert valve 130 to release the battery. With zero load, the vacuum system 400 is connected to the first transition chamber 110, thereby evacuating the first transition chamber 110 to absorb the gas generated by the battery, preventing explosion and combustion. Simultaneously, the second gate valve 130 opens, transporting the battery to the subsequent crusher 200 and discharge device 300. At this time, the vacuum system 400 is also connected to the crusher 200, absorbing the vaporized electrolyte and internal reaction gases generated after battery crushing, preventing battery debris from burning or exploding during the crushing process, thus improving safety. This battery crushing and recycling system can achieve charged battery crushing and recycling without discharging, improving safety and recycling efficiency during the battery crushing process.
[0032] In this embodiment, the first gate valve 120 and the second gate valve 130 of the feeding device 100 are both equipped with weighing devices. After the first gate valve 120 and the second gate valve 130 detect that the battery to be broken is carrying a certain weight, the corresponding first gate valve 120 or second gate valve 130 is opened to realize the quantitative feeding of the battery to be broken.
[0033] When feeding batteries, a belt feeder 600 is used to feed them, so that the batteries are transported to the feeding device 100.
[0034] It should be noted that the aforementioned feed outlet 112 is connected to the inlet of the feeder 500, and the aforementioned feeder 500 outlet is connected to the aforementioned feed inlet 210. In this embodiment, the feeder 500 is specifically a vibrating feeder, which gradually and continuously transports the crushed battery intermittently discharged from the feeder 100 into the crusher 200, avoiding unstable operating load during the operation of the crusher 200 and improving the working stability and service life of the crusher 200.
[0035] Furthermore, the aforementioned discharge device 300 has a second transition cavity 310, with a discharge inlet 311 and a discharge outlet 312 respectively provided at its upper and lower ends. The discharge inlet 311 is connected to the discharge port 220, and a third gate valve 320 is provided at the discharge inlet 311. Similarly, the third gate valve 320 of the discharge device 300 can seal or open the second transition cavity 310, thereby collecting the broken batteries into the discharge device 300 and discharging the broken batteries downstream for further processing.
[0036] In this embodiment, the discharge outlet 312 is equipped with a fourth gate valve 330, and the third gate valve 320 and / or the fourth gate valve 330 are in a closed state. Thus, the second transition chamber 310 can be sealed or opened via the third gate valve 320 and the fourth gate valve 330. Battery fragments from the crusher 200 are received by the third gate valve 320, and then opened, allowing the battery fragments to fall into the second transition chamber 310 and be carried by the fourth gate valve 330. After a sufficient amount of battery fragments is collected within a certain time, the fourth gate valve 330 is then opened to discharge the collected battery fragments for further processing.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the outer walls of the first gate valve 120, the second gate valve 130, the third gate valve 320, and the fourth gate valve 330 are all provided with insulating layers. In this embodiment, the insulating layers are made of non-metallic materials, which can insulate the battery to be broken or battery fragments from the first gate valve 120, the second gate valve 130, the third gate valve 320, and the fourth gate valve 330, preventing combustion or explosion of the battery or battery fragments upon contact with the gates, thus further improving safety.
[0038] In this embodiment, the second transition cavity 310 is connected to the vacuum system 400. Within the second transition cavity 310, the reactive gases and electrolyte gases generated by the battery fragments are further absorbed by the central control system, further improving safety.
[0039] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 1 Check valves 410 are provided between the first transition chamber 110 and the vacuum system 400, between the crusher 200 and the vacuum system 400, and between the second transition chamber 310 and the vacuum system 400. The check valves 410 prevent electrolyte gas and other reactive gases absorbed by the vacuum system 400 from being reintroduced into the first transition chamber 110, the crusher 200, and the second transition chamber 310. They also prevent gas absorbed by any pipe from being discharged into other pipes, further improving the safety and reliability of the battery crushing and recycling system.
[0040] In this embodiment, the vacuum system 400 includes a vacuum tank 420, which is connected to the first transition chamber 110, the crusher 200, and the second transition chamber 310. The vacuum tank 420 is connected to a vacuum pumping device. By gradually extracting the gas from the inner cavity of the vacuum tank 420, a negative pressure environment is achieved within the vacuum tank 420. The first transition chamber 110, the crusher 200, and the second transition chamber 310, connected to the vacuum tank 420, can then be processed into a vacuum state. The extracted reaction gas and electrolyte gas then enter the vacuum tank 420. This system has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can quickly create a vacuum environment, enabling rapid and reliable vacuuming of the first transition chamber 110, the crusher 200, and the second transition chamber 310.
[0041] Optionally, the top of the vacuum tank 420 is connected to the check valve 410, and the bottom of the vacuum tank 420 is connected to the drain valve 430. The vaporized electrolyte is drawn into the vacuum tube. Due to pressure and temperature changes, the electrolyte gas will re-liquefy into liquid electrolyte, which may cause blockage of the vacuum tank 420. The drain valve 430 at the bottom of the vacuum tank 420 allows the liquid electrolyte to be drained without affecting the vacuum environment inside the vacuum tank 420, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the vacuum system 400.
[0042] In this embodiment, the vacuum level of the vacuum system 400 is between -80 kPa and -96 kPa. The selection of the vacuum level is determined by the gas concentration generated by the battery. As long as the gas in the first transition chamber 110, the crusher 200, and the second transition chamber 310 is sufficiently absorbed, and the gas concentration in the environment meets the conditions for the battery to not burn or explode, it is acceptable. Specifically, it can be selected as -80 kPa, -85 kPa, -90 kPa, -95 kPa, and -96 kPa, which will not be elaborated here.
[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A battery crushing and recycling system, characterized in that, include: A feeding device (100) has a first transition cavity (110). The upper and lower ends of the first transition cavity (110) are respectively provided with a feeding inlet (111) and a feeding outlet (112). The feeding inlet (111) is provided with a first insert valve (120), and the feeding outlet (112) is provided with a second insert valve (130). At least one of the first insert valve (120) and the second insert valve (130) is in a closed state so that the first insert valve (120) and / or the second insert valve (130) can carry the battery to be broken. A crusher (200), wherein the feed inlet (210) of the crusher (200) is connected to the feed outlet (112), and the discharge outlet (220) of the crusher (200) is connected to the discharge device (300); A vacuum system (400) is connected to the first transition cavity (110) and the inner cavity of the crusher (200).
2. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge device (300) has a second transition cavity (310), and the upper and lower ends of the second transition cavity (310) are respectively provided with a discharge inlet (311) and a discharge outlet (312). The discharge inlet (311) is connected to the discharge port (220), and the discharge inlet (311) is provided with a third slide valve (320).
3. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge outlet (312) is provided with a fourth gate valve (330), and the third gate valve (320) and / or the fourth gate valve (330) are in a closed state.
4. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the gate of the first gate valve (120), the outer wall of the gate of the second gate valve (130), the outer wall of the gate of the third gate valve (320) and the outer wall of the gate of the fourth gate valve (330) are all provided with an insulating layer.
5. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second transition cavity (310) is connected to the vacuum system (400).
6. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A check valve (410) is provided between the first transition chamber (110) and the vacuum system (400), between the crusher (200) and the vacuum system (400), and between the second transition chamber (310) and the vacuum system (400).
7. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vacuum system (400) includes a vacuum tank (420), which is connected to the first transition chamber (110), the crusher (200) and the second transition chamber (310) respectively.
8. The battery crushing and recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the vacuum tank (420) is connected to the check valve (410), and the bottom of the vacuum tank (420) is connected to the drain valve (430).
9. The battery crushing and recycling system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The feed outlet (112) is connected to the inlet of the feeder (500), and the outlet of the feeder (500) is connected to the feed port (210).
10. The battery crushing and recycling system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The vacuum system (400) has a vacuum level of -80 kPa to -96 kPa.