Straw smashing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a straw crushing device, which relates to the technical field of straw treatment and comprises a rack, a funnel, a feeding belt mechanism, a pressing device, a crushing mechanism and an air conveying mechanism. The funnel is vertically mounted on the rack, and the funnel is used for receiving straw; the feeding belt mechanism is arranged in the funnel, and the feeding belt mechanism is used for conveying straw in the funnel downwards; the pressing device is connected into the funnel in a sliding manner, and the pressing device is used for pushing the straw in the funnel to press the feeding belt mechanism; the crushing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the funnel, and the crushing mechanism is used for receiving the straw conveyed by the funnel and crushing the straw; the air conveying mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the crushing mechanism and used for discharging the straw crushed by the crushing mechanism. The probability that straw blocks the funnel can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a straw processing technical field, especially a kind of straw pulverizing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw is the general term of mature crop stem and leaf part.Usually refers to the remaining part of wheat, rice, corn, potato, rape, cotton, sugarcane and other crops (usually coarse grain) after harvesting seed. The traditional processing mode of agricultural straw is mostly direct burning. Farmers directly burn straw in the harvest season. This not only causes serious environmental pollution, but also does not make full use of straw. It is time-consuming and laborious. The straw crushed by straw pulverizer equipment is in the form of fragments. It not only maintains the environment, but also greatly improves the economy. In the existing straw pulverizer, straw is usually put into the pulverizer by hand or machine. However, due to the light weight of straw itself and the long length of single straw, if the straw is not neatly stacked when entering the pulverizer, it will cause the straw to bridge and block in the hopper of the pulverizer, which needs to be cleaned frequently, seriously affecting the work efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of straw pulverizing device, which can reduce the probability of straw blocking funnel.

[0004] According to the utility model first aspect embodiment, a kind of straw pulverizing device includes: rack, funnel, feeding belt mechanism, pressing device, crushing mechanism, wind force conveying mechanism. The funnel is vertically installed in the rack, and the funnel is used to receive straw;The feeding belt mechanism is arranged in the funnel, and the feeding belt mechanism is used to convey the straw in the funnel downward;The pressing device is slidably connected in the funnel, and the pressing device is used to push the straw in the funnel to press the feeding belt mechanism;The crushing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the funnel, and the crushing mechanism is used to receive the straw conveyed by funnel and crush the straw;The wind force conveying mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the crushing mechanism, and is used to discharge the straw crushed by the crushing mechanism.

[0005] According to the utility model embodiment, a kind of straw pulverizing device has at least the following beneficial effects: the pressing device pushes the straw in the funnel to press the feeding belt mechanism;Due to the light weight of straw itself and the long length of single straw, it is easy to bridge and block in the funnel. Therefore, the straw is pushed to the feeding belt mechanism by using the pressing device, so that the straw and the feeding belt mechanism have enough pressing force, so that the feeding belt mechanism drives the straw to move downward into the crushing mechanism by friction force, effectively reducing the probability of straw blocking funnel.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the wind force conveying mechanism is connected with a dosing pump, and the dosing pump is used for conveying the liquid medicine into the wind force conveying mechanism and mixing with the crushed straw.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the feeding belt mechanism comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a conveying belt, the conveying belt is arranged close to the inner wall of the hopper, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both rotationally installed on the rack, the height of the driving wheel is lower than the height of the driven wheel, the conveying belt is arranged around the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is drivingly connected with a first power device.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the lower end side wall of the hopper is provided with a clearance hole for the conveying belt to pass through, and a rubber baffle is arranged at the clearance hole, which is used for preventing the straw from leaking from the clearance hole.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the pressing device comprises a pressing plate and a guide rod, the pressing plate is located in the hopper, the guide rod is slidingly installed on the rack, the pressing plate and the guide rod are connected, the guide rod is connected with an elastic member, and the elastic member is used for pushing the pressing plate to move towards the conveying belt.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the guide rod and the elastic member are provided with a plurality of.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a horizontal baffle is arranged at the upper end of the pressing plate, which is used for blocking the straw from entering between the pressing plate and the inner wall of the hopper.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the crushing mechanism comprises a mounting cylinder and two tooth rollers, the two tooth rollers are rotationally installed in parallel on the mounting cylinder, the upper end of the mounting cylinder is connected with the lower end of the hopper, the outer peripheral wall of the tooth roller is provided with a blade for crushing the straw, the tooth roller is connected with a second power device, and the second power device is used for driving the tooth roller to rotate.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the wind force conveying mechanism comprises a blower and an air duct, the air duct is horizontally arranged, the air duct is connected with the lower end of the crushing mechanism in communication, and the blower is used for conveying air into the air duct.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the utility model, an access door is arranged on the air duct, which is used for cleaning the residual straw in the air duct when the air duct is blocked.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the straw crushing device has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) using the pressing device to push the straw to resist with the feeding belt mechanism, so that the feeding belt mechanism drives the straw to move down into the crushing mechanism through friction, effectively reducing the probability of straw blocking the funnel;

[0017] (2) adding liquid medicine to the straw, reducing the influence of straw returning to the field on the next year's planting of crops;

[0018] (3) using the wind power conveying mechanism to transport the crushed straw, which has simple structure and low failure rate.

[0019] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, some will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood by those skilled in the art through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the feeding belt mechanism of an embodiment of the present application

[0023] Figure 3 is a front view of an embodiment of the present application

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] frame 100;

[0028] funnel 200, let go of hole 210;

[0029] feeding belt mechanism 300, driving wheel 310, driven wheel 320, conveying belt 330, first power device 340;

[0030] pressing device 400, pressing plate 410, horizontal baffle 411, guide rod 420, elastic member 430;

[0031] crushing mechanism 500, mounting cylinder 510, toothed roller 520, second power device 530;

[0032] wind power conveying mechanism 600, air blower 610, air duct 620, access door 621;

[0033] medicine adding pump 700. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, the utility model discloses a kind of straw pulverizing device of an embodiment, comprising: rack 100, hopper 200, feeding belt mechanism 300, compaction device 400, crushing mechanism 500, wind power conveying mechanism 600.Rack 100 is by channel steel or I-beam welding molding, hopper 200 is vertically installed in rack 100, hopper 200 is by stainless steel plate welding molding, hopper 200 and rack 100 are fixed between by welding mode, in other embodiments of the utility model, to facilitate disassembly, hopper 200 and rack 100 can also be fixed between using bolt connection mode.Hopper 200 upper end size is greater than the size of hopper 200 lower end.Hopper 200 is used to receive straw;Straw can be placed in hopper 200 by manual feeding or machine feeding mode.It can be foreseen that if straw is pulverized and is as biomass fuel or biogas pool raw material, straw should be dried before being sent into hopper 200.If straw is pulverized and directly returned to field, straw can not be dried.Feeding belt mechanism 300 is arranged in hopper 200, and feeding belt mechanism 300 is used to convey straw in hopper 200 downward;Compaction device 400 is slidably connected in hopper 200, and compaction device 400 is used to push straw in hopper 200 to compress feeding belt mechanism 300;Because the weight of straw is light, and the length of single straw is long, it is easy to bridge in hopper 200 and blockage.So straw is pushed to abut feeding belt mechanism 300 using compaction device 400, and then straw is moved downward by feeding belt mechanism 300, to reduce the probability that straw blocks hopper 200.Crushing mechanism 500 is arranged at the lower end of hopper 200, and the crushing mechanism 500 is used to receive the straw conveyed by the hopper 200 and crush the straw;Crushing mechanism 500 can be selected from existing technology to reduce the research and development cost of equipment, and wind power conveying mechanism 600 is arranged at the lower end of the crushing mechanism 500 for discharging the crushed straw from the crushing mechanism 500.The wind power conveying mechanism 600 is used to blow the crushed straw evenly into the farmland for returning to field.In situ crushing of straw in farmland, rack 100 can be installed on a tractor, and the tractor is driven by a tractor to work, to reduce the subsequent processing and transportation work of crushed straw, and to improve the degree of automation.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it can be understood that the wind force conveying mechanism 600 is connected with a dosing pump 700, the liquid medicine is stored and transported by a barrel container, and the dosing pump 700 is used to convey the liquid medicine into the wind force conveying mechanism 600 to be mixed with the crushed straw. The wind force conveying mode has the advantage that the liquid medicine and the straw are uniformly mixed. The liquid medicine can be selected from one or more of a microbial agent, an insecticide, and a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. The microbial agent should contain bacteria of the genus Bacillus, fungi of the genus Trichoderma, actinomycetes and other microorganisms capable of decomposing cellulose and lignin, so as to accelerate the decomposition speed of the straw after being returned to the field. Since some pests and diseases such as insect eggs and pathogenic bodies in the straw cannot be killed during the direct crushing process of the straw, they remain in the soil after being returned to the field, and the pests and diseases directly occur or occur in the next winter. Therefore, the function of adding the insecticide is to kill the agricultural pests hidden in the straw and reduce the probability of the crops in the next year being damaged by pests. Since the amount of the straw returned to the field is too large or uneven, it is easy to cause the contradiction between the soil microbial reproduction and the competition for nutrients by the crop seedlings, and even the phenomena of yellow seedlings, dead seedlings, yield reduction and the like occur. Therefore, the function of the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is to prevent the soil fertility from being reduced due to the straw returned to the field.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that the feeding belt mechanism 300 includes a driving wheel 310, a driven wheel 320 and a conveying belt 330, and the material of the conveying belt 330 is selected from rubber. The conveying belt 330 is arranged in close contact with the inner wall of the hopper 200. Since the inner wall of the hopper 200 is an inclined structure, the conveying belt 330 is also an inclined structure. The space between the conveying belt 330 and the pressing device 400 gradually narrows from top to bottom, so as to gradually convey the straw downward. The driving wheel 310 and the driven wheel 320 are both rotationally installed on the rack 100. The specific structure and installation mode of the driving wheel 310 and the driven wheel 320 are prior art, and therefore will not be described in detail. The height of the driving wheel 310 is lower than the height of the driven wheel 320. The conveying belt 330 is arranged around the driving wheel 310 and the driven wheel 320. The driving wheel 310 is connected with the first power device 340 in transmission. In order to reduce the cost, the first power device 340 is selected from the combination of a motor and a speed reducer. Since the driving wheel 310 is connected with the first power device 340, the low height of the driving wheel 310 is beneficial to install the first power device 340 at a lower position, so as to reduce the maintenance difficulty.

[0041] Referring to Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that the lower end side wall of the hopper 200 is provided with a let-in hole 210 for the conveying belt 330 to pass through. The size of the let-in hole 210 matches the size of the conveying belt 330. Since the driving wheel 310 and the driven wheel 320 are both located outside the hopper 200, the conveying belt 330 enters the hopper 200 from the opening at the upper end of the hopper 200, and then exits the hopper 200 from the let-in hole 210. The circumferential side of the let-in hole 210 is provided with a rubber baffle, which is used to prevent the straw from leaking from the let-in hole 210.

[0042] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be understood that the pressing device 400 comprises a pressing plate 410 and a guide rod 420, the pressing plate 410 is located in the hopper 200, the shape of the pressing plate 410 is matched with the shape of the hopper 200, so that the pressing plate 410 can be completely moved to be attached to the inner wall of the hopper 200, thereby avoiding affecting the straw into the hopper 200, the guide rod 420 is selected to have an optical axis, the guide rod 420 is slidingly installed on the rack 100, a linear bearing is installed on the rack 100, the guide rod 420 is provided through the linear bearing, the linear bearing can limit and guide the guide rod 420 and can reduce the friction force when the guide rod 420 moves. The pressing plate 410 and the guide rod 420 are fixed by bolt connection or welding. The guide rod 420 is connected with an elastic element 430, and the elastic element 430 is used to push the pressing plate 410 to move towards the direction close to the conveying belt 330. The elastic element 430 is sleeved on the guide rod 420, a boss is arranged around the guide rod 420, one end of the elastic element 430 abuts against the boss, and the other end abuts against the rack 100. The pressing plate 410 is pushed by the elastic element 430, and in the case that the straw feeding amount fluctuates, the straw feeding amount is automatically adapted by the movement of the pressing plate 410, so that the straw and the conveying belt 330 have sufficient pressing force, so that the conveying belt 330 drives the straw to move downward by friction force in the process of moving downward.

[0043] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 It can be understood that the guide rod 420 and the elastic element 430 are provided with a plurality of. In the embodiment of the utility model, the guide rod 420 is provided with 6, and the elastic element 430 is provided with 4, so that the pressing plate 410 can keep stable in the process of horizontal movement, and the probability of jamming of the pressing plate 410 is reduced.

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be understood that the upper end of the pressing plate 410 is provided with a horizontal baffle 411, and the horizontal baffle 411 is located on the side of the pressing plate 410 away from the conveying belt 330. Since there will be a gap between the pressing plate 410 and the inner wall of the hopper 200 in the process of the pressing plate 410 approaching the conveying belt 330, if the straw enters between the pressing plate 410 and the inner wall of the hopper 200, the pressing plate 410 will be jammed, so that the pressing plate 410 cannot move away from the conveying belt 330. The horizontal baffle 411 is used to block the straw from entering between the pressing plate 410 and the inner wall of the hopper 200.

[0045] Referring to Figure 4As shown in the figure, it can be understood that the crushing mechanism 500 includes a mounting cylinder 510 and two toothed rollers 520, which are parallelly rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder 510, the upper end of the mounting cylinder 510 is connected with the lower end of the hopper 200, and the outer peripheral wall of the toothed rollers 520 is provided with blades for crushing the straw. The specific structure of the toothed rollers 520 is the prior art, and thus will not be described in detail. The toothed rollers 520 are connected with a second power device 530, which is used to drive the toothed rollers 520 to rotate. The second power device 530 can be selected according to actual conditions, such as an electric motor or a diesel engine. In order to reduce the research and development cost, the crushing mechanism 500 can directly select the prior art that meets the use environment. The maximum particle size of the straw after passing through the crushing mechanism 500 should be less than 1 cm in order to facilitate the next step of processing in the later period.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be understood that the wind conveying mechanism 600 includes a blower 610 and an air duct 620. Since the wind conveying belt 330 mode has a higher requirement for the air volume and a lower requirement for the air pressure, the blower 610 is selected to be an axial flow fan with large air volume and low air pressure. The air duct 620 is horizontally arranged and can be extended to a designated place according to actual conditions. The air duct 620 is connected with the lower end of the crushing mechanism 500, and the straw fragments discharged from the lower end of the crushing mechanism 500 enter the air duct 620 under the action of gravity. The blower 610 is used to convey air into the air duct 620. The air flowing in the air duct 620 transports the straw fragments to the designated place. It can be predicted that the inner wall of the air duct 620 is provided with an atomizing nozzle, and a dosing pump 700 is connected with the atomizing nozzle. The dosing pump 700 conveys the liquid medicine to the atomizing nozzle, and the liquid medicine is atomized in the air duct 620 and uniformly mixed with the straw fragments.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be understood that the air duct 620 is provided with an inspection door 621, which is used to clean the residual straw in the air duct 620 when the air duct 620 is blocked. After the work of crushing the straw is completed, there may be some straw remaining in the air duct 620, which may cause the air duct 620 to be blocked after being used for many times, or the residual straw in the air duct 620 will also be blocked after the blower 610 fails. After the inspection door 621 is arranged, the air duct 620 can be conveniently opened and cleaned.

[0048] Working principle: through artificial or machine feeding mode, the straw is put into the hopper 200, the elastic member 430 pushes the pressing plate 410, in the case of fluctuation of the straw feeding amount, the straw feeding amount is automatically adapted by the movement of the pressing plate 410, so that the straw and the conveying belt 330 have enough compacting force, so that the conveying belt 330 drives the straw to move downward by friction force in the process of moving downward. The crushing mechanism 500 receives the straw conveyed by the hopper 200 and crushes the straw, the straw fragments discharged from the lower end of the crushing mechanism 500 enter the air duct 620 under the action of gravity, and the air blower 610 is used to convey air into the air duct 620. The dosing pump 700 delivers the liquid medicine to the atomizing nozzle, and the liquid medicine is atomized in the air duct 620 and uniformly mixed with the straw fragments. Then the air flowing in the air duct 620 transports the straw fragments to the designated place.

[0049] The above embodiment of the utility model is described in detail in combination with the drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range possessed by ordinary skilled persons in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the utility model.

Claims

1. A straw crushing device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a straw crushing device, including: Rack (100); Funnel (200) is installed vertically in rack (100), and funnel (200) is used to receive straw; Feeding belt mechanism (300) is arranged in funnel (200), and feeding belt mechanism (300) is used to convey straw in funnel (200) downward; Pressing device (400) is slidably connected in funnel (200), and pressing device (400) is used to push straw in funnel (200) to press feeding belt mechanism (300); Crushing mechanism (500) is arranged at the lower end of funnel (200), and crushing mechanism (500) is used to receive the straw conveyed by funnel (200) and crush the straw; Wind power conveying mechanism (600) is arranged at the lower end of crushing mechanism (500) and is used to discharge the crushed straw of crushing mechanism (500).

2. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind power conveying mechanism (600) is connected with a dosing pump (700), and the dosing pump (700) is used to deliver liquid medicine into the wind power conveying mechanism (600) to mix with the crushed straw.

3. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding belt mechanism (300) includes a driving wheel (310), a driven wheel (320) and a conveying belt (330), the conveying belt (330) is arranged close to the inner wall of the funnel (200), the driving wheel (310) and the driven wheel (320) are both rotationally installed on the rack (100), the height of the driving wheel (310) is lower than that of the driven wheel (320), the conveying belt (330) is wound around the driving wheel (310) and the driven wheel (320), and the driving wheel (310) is drivingly connected with a first power device (340).

4. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end side wall of the funnel (200) is provided with a clearance hole (210) for the conveying belt (330) to pass through, and a rubber baffle is arranged at the clearance hole (210), which is used to prevent straw from leaking from the clearance hole (210).

5. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing device (400) includes a pressing plate (410) and a guide rod (420), the pressing plate (410) is located in the funnel (200), the guide rod (420) is slidably installed on the rack (100), the pressing plate (410) and the guide rod (420) are connected, the guide rod (420) is connected with an elastic member (430), and the elastic member (430) is used to push the pressing plate (410) to move towards the conveying belt (330).

6. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rod (420) and the elastic member (430) are provided with a plurality of.

7. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the pressing plate (410) is provided with a horizontal baffle (411), and the horizontal baffle (411) is used to block the straw from entering between the pressing plate (410) and the inner wall of the funnel (200).

8. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (500) comprises a mounting cylinder (510) and two tooth rollers (520), the two tooth rollers (520) are rotatably mounted in parallel on the mounting cylinder (510), the upper end of the mounting cylinder (510) is connected with the lower end of the hopper (200), the outer peripheral wall of the tooth roller (520) is provided with blades for crushing straw, and the tooth roller (520) is connected with a second power device (530) for driving the tooth roller (520) to rotate.

9. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air conveying mechanism (600) comprises a blower (610) and an air duct (620), the air duct (620) is horizontally arranged, the air duct (620) is connected with the lower end of the crushing mechanism (500), and the blower (610) is used for conveying air into the air duct (620).

10. The straw pulverizing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: An inspection door (621) is arranged on the air duct (620), and the inspection door (621) is used for cleaning residual straw in the air duct (620) when the air duct (620) is blocked.

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