Main shaft cooling structure, main shaft and machine tool
By incorporating annular grooves and through holes in the spindle cooling structure, coolant flows between the spindle core and the tie rod, forming a heat insulation layer. This solves the problem of spindle thermal expansion and improves machining stability and accuracy.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423066388.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-11
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, conventional cooling circuit designs result in severe spindle thermal expansion problems, especially the heating at the front end of the spindle core, which affects machining stability and accuracy.
A spindle cooling structure was designed. By setting an annular groove and a through hole between the spindle core and the tie rod, the coolant enters from the inner hole of the tie rod, flows through the annular groove, and then enters the annular groove between the inner sleeve of the spindle core and the spindle core to form a heat insulation layer. The coolant flows evenly along the annular groove and the flow channel to carry away the heat.
This effectively reduces the transfer of heat generated by the bearings and rotor to the front end of the spindle, reduces spindle thermal elongation, and improves machining stability and accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN223519263U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the spindle field, in particular to a spindle cooling structure, spindle and machine tool. BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, the mold processing field and the aerospace field are continuously expanding, and the requirements for the machining stability, machining size precision and machining efficiency of high-power high-rigidity electric spindles and other technical indexes are also increasing. Involving machining stability, machining size precision, machining efficiency and other technical indexes, the problem of spindle thermal elongation cannot be avoided, so it is particularly important to improve the heating problem of the shaft system.
[0003] The conventional shaft core circulation cooling structure is generally cooled by flowing into the rear end of the shaft core and flowing out from the rear end or the front end. Both of these two cooling circuit designs will bring the heat generated by the rear bearing and the rotor to the front end of the shaft core, but the heating at the front end of the shaft core has the most obvious influence on the thermal elongation of the spindle, so the design of the cooling circuit of the shaft core and the pull rod is crucial. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model discloses a spindle cooling structure, spindle and machine tool are provided, and at least one of the technical problems in the prior art is solved.
[0005] The utility model discloses the technical scheme that the technical problem is solved is as follows:
[0006] Firstly, a spindle cooling structure is provided, which comprises a shaft core and a pull rod. The shaft core is provided with a shaft core inner hole, which comprises a shaft core inner sleeve hole located at the front end of the shaft core. A shaft core inner sleeve is arranged in the shaft core inner sleeve hole. The pull rod is arranged in the shaft core inner hole, and the front end of the pull rod penetrates through the shaft core inner sleeve. A first annular groove is arranged between the pull rod and the shaft core inner sleeve. A second annular groove is arranged between the shaft core inner sleeve and the shaft core. The shaft core inner sleeve is provided with a first through hole communicating the first annular groove and the second annular groove. The pull rod is provided with a pull rod inner hole, and the hole wall of the pull rod inner hole is provided with a second through hole communicating with the first annular groove. The shaft core is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel communicating with the second annular groove.
[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the cooling liquid flow channel comprises a plurality of first radial holes communicating with the second annular groove and a plurality of first axial holes extending from the first radial holes to the front end of the shaft core. The plurality of first radial holes and first axial holes are distributed along the circumference of the shaft core.
[0008] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the shaft core is provided with a sealing baffle ring at the front end of the shaft core inner hole, a third ring groove is arranged between the sealing baffle ring and the shaft core, and the plurality of first axial holes are communicated with the third ring groove. The cooling liquid flow channel comprises a second axial hole extending from the third ring groove to the rear end of the shaft core.
[0009] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the cooling liquid flow channel comprises a plurality of second axial holes, and the plurality of second axial holes are distributed along the circumference of the shaft core.
[0010] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the pull rod is provided with a guide portion matched with the shaft core inner hole at the rear end of the shaft core, a fourth ring groove is arranged between the guide portion and the shaft core, the plurality of second axial holes are communicated with the fourth ring groove, and the pull rod is provided with a liquid discharge hole communicated with the fourth ring groove.
[0011] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the liquid discharge hole comprises a second radial hole communicated with the fourth ring groove and a third axial hole extending from the second radial hole to the rear end of the pull rod.
[0012] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the front end inner wall surface of the shaft core inner hole is provided with an annular boss, the sealing baffle ring is mounted on the axial end surface of the annular boss in the axial direction through a fastener, the outer peripheral surface of the sealing baffle ring is matched with the shaft core inner hole, and a third ring groove is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the sealing baffle ring and the shaft core.
[0013] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the end portion of the sealing baffle ring is provided with a tool handle matching key groove.
[0014] The second aspect is a spindle, comprising the spindle cooling structure in any implementation manner of the first aspect.
[0015] The third aspect is a machine tool, comprising the spindle in any implementation manner of the second aspect.
[0016] One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: The technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages: the shaft core cooling liquid enters from the rear end of the pull rod inner hole of the pull rod, flows through the second through hole at the front end of the pull rod, enters the first annular groove between the pull rod and the shaft core inner sleeve, then flows into the second annular groove between the shaft core inner sleeve and the shaft core through the first through hole, and finally flows into the cooling liquid flow channel of the shaft core, so that the first annular groove and the second annular groove play the role of converging and uniformly flowing the cooling liquid to the cooling liquid flow channel. The cooling liquid flowing inside the pull rod, the shaft core inner sleeve and the shaft core forms a heat insulation layer, which reduces the heat generated by the rear end of the shaft core and the rotor to the front end of the shaft core, and reduces the influence of the heat generated by the bearing, the stator and the rotor on the thermal elongation of the main shaft during the machining process of the high-power main shaft.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be partially given in the following description, some will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, with reference to the following drawings, in which:
[0019] Figure 1 is an embodiment of the main shaft cooling structure of the utility model, a first cross-sectional structure schematic view;
[0020] Figure 2 is an embodiment of the main shaft cooling structure of the utility model, a rear structure schematic view after removing the pull rod;
[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view of A-A in the figure;
[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view of B-B in the figure;
[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view of C-C in the figure;
[0024] Figure 6 is an embodiment structure schematic view of the shaft core inner sleeve of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the utility model in detail, the preferred embodiments of the utility model are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with figures, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the utility model, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the utility model.
[0026] In the utility model, if the direction (up, down, left, right, front and back) is described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical scheme of the utility model, and is not for indicating or implying that the indicated technical features must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0027] In the utility model, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, and "more than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood as not including the number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood as including the number. In the description of the utility model, if "first" and "second" are described, they are only used for distinguishing technical features for the purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.
[0028] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words "set", "install", "connect" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, can also be integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements inside or two elements. The person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model according to the specific content of the technical scheme.
[0029] Among them, Figure 1 And Figure 2 The reference direction coordinate system of the embodiment of the utility model is given, and the embodiment of the utility model is described below in combination with the directions shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 .
[0030] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6The utility model discloses an embodiment provides a kind of main shaft cooling structure, including shaft core 100 and pull rod 200, shaft core 100 is equipped with shaft core inner hole 101, shaft core inner hole 101 is extended from shaft core 100 rear end to shaft core 100 front end, the outside of shaft core 100 is equipped with motor rotor 300, shaft core inner hole 101 includes the shaft core inner sleeve hole 102 in the front end of shaft core 100, shaft core inner sleeve 400 is equipped in shaft core inner sleeve hole 102, shaft core inner sleeve 400 is located in the front end of motor rotor 300, pull rod 200 is set in shaft core inner hole 101, shaft core inner sleeve 400 is used for the front end of pull rod 200 and is guided and forms a heat insulation layer at the front end of shaft core 100 by internal coolant, the front end of pull rod 200 passes through shaft core inner sleeve 400, first annular groove 401 is equipped between pull rod 200 and shaft core inner sleeve 400, first annular groove 401 can be set in pull rod 200 and / or shaft core inner sleeve 400, second annular groove 402 is equipped between shaft core inner sleeve 400 and shaft core 100, second annular groove 402 can be set in shaft core inner sleeve 400 and / or shaft core 100, shaft core inner sleeve 400 is equipped with the first via hole 403 of intercommunication first annular groove 401 and second annular groove 402, pull rod 200 is equipped with pull rod inner hole 201, the rear end of pull rod inner hole 201 forms coolant inlet, the hole wall of pull rod inner hole 201 is equipped with the second via hole 202 of intercommunication first annular groove 401, shaft core 100 is equipped with the coolant flow channel of intercommunication second annular groove 402, and coolant can flow into coolant flow channel from second annular groove 402, and further cools shaft core 100.
[0031] In combination Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 The utility model discloses technical scheme in the work, the coolant of shaft core 100 enters by the rear end of pull rod inner hole 201 of pull rod 200, flows through second via hole 202 of pull rod 200 front end and enters first annular groove 401 between pull rod 200 and shaft core inner sleeve 400, then flows into the coolant flow channel of shaft core 100 by first via hole 403 between shaft core inner sleeve 400 and shaft core 100, and first annular groove 401 and second annular groove 402 play the role of coolant confluence and uniform flow to coolant flow channel.The utility model passes through the coolant flowing in pull rod 200, shaft core inner sleeve 400 and shaft core 100 interior, forms a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer reduces the heat generated by shaft core 100 rear end and rotor to the front end of shaft core 100, reduces the influence of heat generated by bearing and stator and rotor to main shaft thermal elongation in the machining process of high power high electric main shaft.
[0032] Further, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4The cooling liquid flow channel includes a plurality of first radial holes 103 communicated with the second annular groove 402 and a plurality of first axial holes 104 extended from the first radial holes 103 to the front end of the shaft core 100. The plurality of first radial holes 103 and the plurality of first axial holes 104 are distributed along the circumference of the shaft core 100. The plurality of first radial holes 103 and the plurality of first axial holes 104 are communicated forward and are distributed at intervals in the interior of the shaft core 100, so as to ensure that the circulating cooling liquid flows forward along the shaft core 100 and takes away the heat generated at the front end of the shaft core 100.
[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The shaft core 100 is provided with a sealing baffle 500 at the front end of the shaft core bore 101. The sealing baffle 500 is located in the tool shank mounting hole at the front end of the shaft core 100. A third annular groove 501 is arranged between the sealing baffle 500 and the shaft core 100. The plurality of first axial holes 104 are communicated with the third annular groove 501. The cooling liquid flow channel includes a plurality of second axial holes 105 extended from the third annular groove 501 to the rear end of the shaft core 100. The sealing baffle 500 collects the cooling liquid to the front end of the shaft core 100, and forms another heat insulation layer at the front end of the shaft core 100, which reduces the influence of the heat generated at the front end of the shaft core 100 on the tool shank. The cooling liquid flows backward along the plurality of second axial holes 105 of the shaft core 100 through the third annular groove 501, and takes away the heat generated at the rear end of the rotor and the shaft core 100.
[0034] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 5 The cooling liquid flow channel includes a plurality of second axial holes 105 distributed along the circumference of the shaft core 100. The plurality of second axial holes 105 can more fully and uniformly take away the heat generated at the rear end of the rotor and the shaft core 100.
[0035] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The pull rod 200 is provided with a guide portion 203 matched with the shaft core bore 101 at the rear end of the shaft core 100. A fourth annular groove 204 is arranged between the guide portion 203 and the shaft core 100. The plurality of second axial holes 105 are communicated with the fourth annular groove 204. The pull rod 200 is provided with a liquid discharge hole communicated with the fourth annular groove 204.
[0036] The liquid discharge hole includes a second radial hole 205 communicated with the fourth annular groove 204 and a third axial hole 206 extended from the second radial hole 205 to the rear end of the pull rod 200.
[0037] The cooling liquid flows along the shaft core 100 in an axial direction and is collected at a position of the second radial hole 205 at the rear end of the pull rod 200, the pull rod 200 is provided with a fourth annular groove 204 with a certain depth at the position, the cooling liquid is collected in the fourth annular groove 204 and flows into the second radial hole 205 at the rear end of the pull rod 200, the second radial hole 205 is communicated with the third axial hole 206, the third axial hole 206 forms a cooling liquid outlet at the rear end of the pull rod 200, and the cooling circulation work of one-in-multiple-out is completed.
[0038] It can be understood that the second axial hole 105 can also extend directly to the rear end of the shaft core 100 to discharge the cooling liquid.
[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the inner wall surface of the front end of the shaft core inner hole 101 is provided with an annular boss 106, the sealing baffle ring 500 is installed on the axial end surface of the annular boss 106 in an axial direction through fasteners, the outer peripheral surface of the sealing baffle ring 500 is matched with the shaft core inner hole 101, and the third annular groove 501 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the sealing baffle ring 500 and the shaft core 100. The sealing baffle ring 500 collects the cooling liquid to the front end of the shaft core 100, and another heat insulation layer is formed at the position, and the heat insulation layer reduces the influence of heat generated at the front end of the shaft core 100 on the tool holder. The cooling liquid flows to the rear end of the shaft core 100 along the plurality of second axial holes 105 of the shaft core 100 through the third annular groove 501, and the heat generated at the rear end of the rotor and the shaft core 100 is taken away. In the embodiment, the third annular groove 501 is formed by matching the sealing baffle ring 500 with the shaft core 100, and the structure is simpler.
[0040] In addition, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the end of the sealing baffle ring 500 is provided with a tool holder matching key groove 502. The sealing baffle ring 500 has the functions of forming a cooling liquid guide and fixing the tool holder, the structure is simpler, the tool holder can be cooled, and the influence of heat generated at the front end of the shaft core 100 on the tool holder is reduced.
[0041] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a main shaft, which comprises the main shaft cooling structure in any one of the above embodiments.
[0042] Compared with the prior art, the cooling effect is maximized, the front end of the shaft core is preferentially cooled, the cooling efficiency is higher, the thermal stabilization time is shorter, the cooling is more uniform, and the shaft core temperature rise and the main shaft thermal elongation can be maximally reduced.
[0043] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a machine tool, which comprises the main shaft in any one of the above embodiments.
[0044] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "example", "embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0045] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A main shaft cooling structure characterized by comprising: The spindle cooling structure comprises a spindle core and a pull rod, the spindle core is provided with a spindle core inner hole, the spindle core inner hole comprises a spindle core inner sleeve hole at a front end of the spindle core, the spindle core inner sleeve hole is provided with a spindle core inner sleeve, the pull rod is arranged in the spindle core inner hole, a front end of the pull rod passes through the spindle core inner sleeve, a first ring groove is arranged between the pull rod and the spindle core inner sleeve, a second ring groove is arranged between the spindle core inner sleeve and the spindle core, the spindle core inner sleeve is provided with a first through hole communicating the first ring groove and the second ring groove, the pull rod is provided with a pull rod inner hole, a hole wall of the pull rod inner hole is provided with a second through hole communicating the first ring groove, and the spindle core is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel communicating with the second ring groove.
2. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized by, The cooling liquid flow channel comprises a plurality of first radial holes communicating with the second ring groove and a plurality of first axial holes extending from the first radial holes to the front end of the spindle core, and the plurality of first radial holes and the plurality of first axial holes are distributed along the circumference of the spindle core.
3. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized by, The spindle core is provided with a sealing stop ring at the front end of the spindle core inner hole, a third ring groove is arranged between the sealing stop ring and the spindle core, the plurality of first axial holes communicate with the third ring groove, and the cooling liquid flow channel comprises a second axial hole extending from the third ring groove to the rear end of the spindle core.
4. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized by The cooling liquid flow channel comprises a plurality of second axial holes, and the plurality of second axial holes are distributed along the circumference of the spindle core.
5. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 4, characterized by The pull rod is provided with a guide portion matched with the spindle core inner hole at the rear end of the spindle core, a fourth ring groove is arranged between the guide portion and the spindle core, the plurality of second axial holes communicate with the fourth ring groove, and the pull rod is provided with a liquid discharge hole communicating with the fourth ring groove.
6. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized by The liquid discharge hole comprises a second radial hole communicating with the fourth ring groove and a third axial hole extending from the second radial hole to the rear end of the pull rod.
7. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized by An annular boss is arranged on an inner wall surface at the front end of the spindle core inner hole, the sealing stop ring is arranged on an axial end surface of the annular boss in the axial direction through a fastener, an outer peripheral surface of the sealing stop ring is matched with the spindle core inner hole, and a third ring groove is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the sealing stop ring and the spindle core.
8. The main shaft cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized by An end portion of the sealing stop ring is provided with a tool handle matching key groove.
9. A spindle characterized by, The spindle cooling structure comprises a spindle cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A machine tool, characterized by The spindle cooling structure comprises a spindle according to claim 9.