Three-phase separator suitable for chemical wastewater filtering tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-phase separator suitable for a chemical wastewater filtering tank. The three-phase separator comprises a central water distributor, an inner plug flow cylinder, a flow guide cylinder and a solid-liquid separation circular ring which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside in an inner cavity at the upper part of the filtering tank, a filter material layer is arranged at the lower part of the filter tank; a spindle-shaped fluid director is arranged at the bottom of the central water distributor, and a cylindrical cleaning opening is formed; the outer side of the conical cylinder at the lower part of the guide cylinder is sleeved with an outer push flow conical cylinder with the same taper to form an outer push flow channel; the bottom of the outer plug flow conical barrel is in butt joint with the fusiform fluid director to form a particle backflow channel; the inner flow pushing cylinder and an upper straight cylinder of the flow guide cylinder form an inner flow pushing channel; the inner plug-flow cylinder and backwashing water outlet pipes on two sides of the filtering tank are communicated with a backwashing water collecting pipe; water flow and air flow enter a filter material layer of the filter tank for backwashing; raw water enters the filtering tank from the raw water inlet pipe to be filtered. The device solves the problems of uniform water distribution, adhesion, aggregation, blockage and the like on the wall surface of the filtering tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of chemical wastewater treatment technology, specifically relating to a three-phase separator suitable for chemical wastewater filter tanks. Background Technology

[0002] Filter tanks, characterized by stable performance, simple operation, and resistance to shock loads, have become core equipment for chemical wastewater treatment. The separator within the filter tank is one of the key components determining the backwashing effect, directly impacting not only effluent quality but also issues such as uniform water distribution, system clogging, and filter media loss. Especially when treating cooling water and waste gas scrubbing water, the high temperature and strong adhesion of the wastewater, containing large amounts of waxes, oils, and calcium and magnesium ions, easily cause impurities or filter media particles to adhere, accumulate, and clog the separator. Therefore, conventional mesh separators, baffle plate separators, and water distribution pipe separators are often unsuitable, and cyclone separators are more commonly used.

[0003] For example, the conical hydrocyclones involved in patent documents CN107512787B ("Method for Separating Coal Quality in a Fluidized Bed Separator") and CN107433055B ("Method and Apparatus for Regenerating Fluidized Particles in a Fluidized Bed Separator") involve water entering from the upper side wall of the hydrocyclone, forming a vortex inside. Under the action of centrifugal force, the particles swirl out from the bottom outlet and return to the filter media layer, while the clean water swirls upward along the central axis and is discharged from the backwash water outlet. However, the inclination angle of the conical wall of these hydrocyclones is approximately 45° to 60°. At this inclination angle, it is difficult to avoid the adhesion, accumulation, and clogging of particles on the wall. In addition, during filtration, the raw water enters the hydrocyclone cavity directly from the top and then enters the filter media layer from the bottom outlet, without considering the issue of uniform water distribution.

[0004] The conical hydrocyclone involved in the patent document CN115738408A, which proposes "a circulating fluidized bed filter and a method of use", although increasing the inclination angle of the cone wall (70°~80°) can reduce adhesion, accumulation and clogging problems, will compress the height of the filter media layer and increase the unevenness of water distribution.

[0005] The conical hydrocyclone involved in the "method and apparatus for separating methanol-to-olefins by rapid cooling water boiling bed" proposed in patent document CN207330792U is a conical hydrocyclone with a vertically added water distribution pipe at the center position of the conical hydrocyclone involved in patent documents CN107512787B and CN107433055B. The lower end of the water distribution pipe is shaped like a shower. Although this hydrocyclone basically solves the problem of uniform water distribution, the water distribution pipe occupies the central axis position, which affects the upward swirling of clean water. Therefore, it inevitably reduces the separation effect of solid particles, especially the separation of fine or light particles.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies still face several pressing issues: First, regardless of whether it's a mesh separator, baffle plate separator, water distribution pipe separator, or cyclone separator, impurities or filter media particles inevitably adhere, aggregate, and clog on the separator. Second, while cyclone separators reduce the risk of clogging, they present a contradiction between purification and uniform water distribution. Furthermore, cyclone separators primarily achieve solid particle separation through the centrifugal force generated by the swirling water, requiring a suitable inlet flow rate. However, when filter media caking occurs, the water flow rate is often uncontrollable. Third, achieving uniform water distribution in cyclone separator filter tanks is difficult, especially regarding the water distribution on the tank walls. Numerous studies have shown that insufficient or uneven water distribution on the filter tank walls can lead to phenomena such as "dead zones," "finger-like flow," and "deviation" in the filter media layer due to the sidewall effect, affecting the filtration efficiency. In addition, insufficient water distribution on the filter tank walls accelerates the caking of the filter media layer. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a three-phase separator suitable for chemical wastewater filtration tanks. Firstly, it features a circumferential inlet and outlet, allowing for two changes in water flow direction. Utilizing inertial separation, it achieves gas-solid-liquid three-phase separation. Secondly, a vertically positioned water distributor at the center, with multiple outlets, ensures thorough cleaning and uniform water distribution across the separator walls. This effectively solves problems related to uniform water distribution, adhesion, aggregation, and clogging on the filter tank walls. This separator is suitable for filtration tank systems treating chemical wastewater with high wax content, high oil content, high calcium and magnesium ion content, high temperature, and high particle size.

[0008] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0009] One aspect of this utility model provides a three-phase separator suitable for chemical wastewater filter tanks, comprising a filter tank with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top. The upper inner cavity of the filter tank is composed of a central water distributor, an inner flow-pushing cylinder, a flow-guiding cylinder, and a solid-liquid separation ring connected in sequence from the inside to the outside. A spindle-shaped flow guide is provided at the bottom of the central water distributor, and a cylindrical cleaning port is opened on the central water distributor.

[0010] The guide cylinder consists of an upper straight cylinder and a lower conical cylinder. An outer push conical cylinder of the same taper is sleeved on the outside of the lower conical cylinder to form an outer push conical channel. The bottom of the outer push conical cylinder is connected to the spindle-shaped guide to form a particle return channel. The inner push conical cylinder and the upper straight cylinder of the guide cylinder form an inner push conical channel.

[0011] Inside the inner flow cylinder and on both sides of the central water distributor, there are water collection pipes connected to the backwash water outlet pipe for backwash water collection.

[0012] The filter tank has a filter media layer at the bottom and an exhaust pipe at the top.

[0013] Water and air flow enter the filter media layer of the filter tank for backwashing; raw water enters the filter tank from the raw water inlet pipe for filtration.

[0014] Preferably, the central water distributor includes a straight pipe section and a bottom spindle-shaped guide tube. The top of the straight pipe section is connected to the raw water inlet pipe at the top of the filter tank. Several elongated guide cylinder cleaning ports are provided at the bottom of the straight pipe section.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the spindle-shaped flow guide consists of an upper conical cylinder and a lower conical cylinder. The upper conical cylinder is provided with several elongated external flow cylindrical cleaning ports, which are inclined at a certain angle in the horizontal direction.

[0016] Preferably, the upper conical cylinder is connected to the bottom of the outer push-flow conical cylinder to form a particle return channel.

[0017] Preferably, the cone angle of the lower cone and the inclination angle of the side wall of the outer push-flow cone are complementary angles, and the lower cone is provided with several elongated water distribution ports.

[0018] Preferably, the lower edge of the upper straight cylinder of the guide cylinder is flush with the lower edge of the inner push cylinder, the diameter of the lower edge of the lower conical cylinder is equal to that of the inner push cylinder, and the lower edge is flush with the upper edge of the outer push cone cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the outer wall of the solid-liquid separation cylinder is a cylinder, and the inner wall is a conical cylinder;

[0020] The lower edge of the inner flow cylinder is flush with the lower edge of the straight guide cylinder and the lower edge of the solid-liquid separation cylinder.

[0021] Preferably, the distance between the upper edge of the inner flow cylinder and the bottom surface of the top of the filter tank is less than the distance between the upper straight cylinder and the bottom surface of the top of the filter tank.

[0022] Preferably, backwash water collection pipes are arranged on both sides of the central water distributor. The backwash water collection pipes are arranged horizontally and pass through the inner push cylinder and the guide cylinder from both sides of the central water distributor to connect with the backwash water outlet pipes on both sides of the filter tank.

[0023] Preferably, the backwash water collection pipe includes an outlet horizontal pipe and an upward-facing water collection cone, with the side wall of the water collection cone having an inclined angle.

[0024] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This utility model features a structure with a central outlet for water flow. This structure can change the direction of water flow twice and achieve gas-solid-liquid three-phase separation by means of inertial separation. A water distributor is vertically installed at the center, and water is distributed through multiple outlets to achieve wall cleaning and uniform water distribution of the separator. In particular, it solves the problem of uniform water distribution on the wall of the filter tank.

[0026] This invention enables two-stage separation: primary separation primarily involves the separation and recirculation of large-particle filter media, while secondary separation mainly involves the separation and recirculation of small-particle or lightweight filter media. It also achieves effective gas-solid-liquid separation, preventing filter media loss. The gas and solid separation processes are handled through separate channels, effectively solving the problem of gas entraining filter media during discharge. It also addresses the long-standing issue of uneven water distribution on the filter tank wall, effectively resolving clogging of the filter tank separator and significantly reducing the frequency of maintenance or filter media replenishment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view of a three-phase separator;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a three-phase separator ①-①;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the three-phase separator ②-②;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of water flow and particulate matter movement during backwashing or filtration.

[0032] In the diagram: 1—Central water distributor; 2—Inner flow-distributing cylinder; 3—Guiding cylinder; 4—Solid-liquid separation ring; 5—Outer flow-distributing cone; 6—Filter tank; 7—Raw water inlet pipe; 8—Backwash water collection pipe; 9—Backwash water outlet pipe; 10—Upper straight cylinder; 11—Lower cone; 12—Inner flow-distributing channel; 13—Outer flow-distributing channel; 14—Outlet horizontal pipe; 15—Collection cone; 16—Straight pipe section; 17—Spindle-shaped guide; 18—Guiding cylinder cleaning port; 19—Outer flow-distributing cylinder cleaning port; 20—Particle return channel; 21—Water distribution port; 22—Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-3As shown, the three-phase separator of this utility model includes a filter tank 6 with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top. The upper inner cavity of the filter tank 6 is composed of a central water distributor 1, an inner flow-pushing cylinder 2, a flow-guiding cylinder 3, and a solid-liquid separation ring 4, which are connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The central water distributor 1 includes a straight pipe section 16 and a bottom spindle-shaped flow guide 17. The top of the straight pipe section 16 is connected to the raw water inlet pipe 7 at the top of the filter tank 6. The spindle-shaped flow guide 17 is composed of an upper conical cylinder and a lower conical cylinder.

[0035] The guide cylinder 3 consists of an upper straight cylinder 10 and a lower conical cylinder 11. The lower edge of the upper straight cylinder 10 is flush with the lower edge of the inner push-flow cylinder 2, forming an inner push-flow channel 12. An outer push-flow cone 5 is sleeved on the outside of the lower conical cylinder 11. The lower conical cylinder 11 and the outer push-flow cone 5 have the same taper, and a certain gap is left between the lower conical cylinder 11 and the outer push-flow cone 5, which serves as an outer push-flow channel 13. In one embodiment, the inclination angle of the sidewalls of the lower conical cylinder 11 and the outer push-flow cone 5 is 50±5°, and the gap is 10~20cm.

[0036] The inner thrust cylinder 2 is a straight section. The distance between the upper edge of the inner thrust cylinder 2 and the top and bottom surface of the filter tank 6 is less than the distance between the upper straight cylinder 10 and the top and bottom surface of the filter tank 6. The diameter of the lower edge of the lower conical cylinder 11 is equal to that of the inner thrust cylinder 2, and the lower edge is flush with the upper edge of the outer thrust conical cylinder 5.

[0037] The bottom of the outward-flowing cone 5 is connected to the upper cone of the spindle-shaped guide 17. The surface of the upper cone of the spindle-shaped guide 17 and the lower edge of the outward-flowing cone 5 have a certain gap, forming a particle return channel 20. In one embodiment, the gap distance is 2 to 7 cm.

[0038] The cone angle of the lower cone of the spindle-shaped guide 17 is complementary to the inclination angle of the side wall of the outer push flow cone 5. The spindle-shaped guide 17 is provided with more than 8 water distribution ports 21. The water distribution ports are elongated. In one embodiment, the width of the water distribution ports is 5 to 10 cm.

[0039] At the bottom of the straight pipe section 16 of the central water distributor 1, there are eight or more guide cylindrical cleaning ports 18. The cleaning ports are elongated and their height is the same as the vertical height of the lower conical cylinder 11 of the guide cylindrical cylinder 3. The cone angle of the upper conical cylinder of the spindle-shaped guide 17 is less than 15°, and it is provided with eight or more outward-pushing cylindrical cleaning ports 19. The cleaning ports are elongated and their height is the same as the vertical height of the outward-pushing conical cylinder 5. In addition, the outward-pushing cylindrical cleaning ports 19 and the guide cylindrical cleaning ports 18 have the same width. In one embodiment, the width is 5 to 10 cm. The outward-pushing cylindrical cleaning ports 19 are inclined at a certain angle in the horizontal direction to ensure that the water outlet presents a swirling flow in the horizontal direction.

[0040] Figure 2 Combination Figure 1As shown, backwash water collection pipes 8 are arranged inside the inner thrust cylinder 2 and on both sides of the central water distributor 1. The backwash water collection pipe 8 consists of a horizontal outlet pipe 14 and an upward-facing water collection cone 15. The inclination angle of the side wall of the water collection cone 15 is greater than 70°. The backwash water collection pipe 8 is arranged horizontally, passing through the inner thrust cylinder 2 and the guide cylinder 3 from both sides of the central water distributor 1, and connecting to the backwash water outlet pipes 9 on both sides of the filter tank 6.

[0041] In one embodiment, the diameter ratio of the filter tank 5, the guide cylinder 3, and the inner push cylinder 2 is 1.8:1.5:1. The distance between the upper edge of the inner push cylinder 2 and the top bottom surface of the filter tank 6 is 8-5 cm, and the lower edge is flush with the lower edge of the upper straight cylinder 10 of the guide cylinder 3 and the lower edge of the solid-liquid separation cylinder 4.

[0042] The outer wall of the solid-liquid separation cylinder 4 is a cylinder with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the filter tank 6. The inner wall is a conical cylinder with the upper edge diameter also equal to the inner diameter of the filter tank 6 and the lower edge diameter appropriately reduced. While ensuring that the side wall inclination angle is greater than 70°, the lower edge is located at 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the distance between the inner wall of the filter tank 6 and the outer wall of the guide cylinder 3.

[0043] The filter tank 6 has a filter media layer in the middle of its lower tank body. The top of the filter tank 6 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 22 and a pressure gauge.

[0044] In this device, if the inclination angle between the lower conical cylinder 11 and the sidewall of the outer push-flow conical cylinder 5 is too large, the downward flow of the outward-pushing water will be obstructed, the water flow will decrease, the centrifugal force will decrease, and it will be detrimental to the return of filter media particles. Conversely, if the inclination angle of the sidewall is too large, the filter media particles will adhere and aggregate rapidly. (50±5)° is a more suitable angle. In addition, the diameter of the lower edge of the lower conical cylinder 11 is equal to that of the inner push-flow cylinder 2, and the lower edge is flush with the upper edge of the outer push-flow conical cylinder 5. The main purpose of this is to ensure that the water flowing in from the outer push-flow channel 13 and the inner push-flow channel 12 moves upward smoothly.

[0045] The backwash water collection pipe 8 consists of an outlet horizontal pipe 14 and an upward-facing water collection cone 15, with the side wall of the water collection cone 15 having an inclination angle greater than 70°. When using a filter tank system to treat the quench water from a methanol-to-olefins process at a company in Shaanxi, after one year of system operation, it was found that impurities or particles rarely adhered or accumulated in the cones, baffles, and inclined tubes of the filter tank when the inclination angle was greater than 70°.

[0046] The diameter ratio of filter tank 5, guide cylinder 3, and inner thrust cylinder 2 is 1.8:1.5:1. When the diameters of filter tank 5, guide cylinder 3, and inner thrust cylinder 2 are 1.400m, 1.144m, and 0.808m respectively, the diameter ratio is 1.73:1.42:1. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage they form is 0.511m².2 0.514m 2 and 0.513m 2 Since the cross-sectional areas are approximately equal, the flow velocity of water through each channel is almost equal, which ensures the smoothness of the water flow.

[0047] The distance between the upper edge of the inner flow cylinder 2 and the top and bottom surface of the filter tank 6 is 8-5 cm, and the lower edge is flush with the lower edge of the upper straight cylinder 10 of the guide cylinder and the lower edge of the solid-liquid separation cylinder 4. If the distance between the upper edge of the inner flow cylinder 2 and the top and bottom surface of the filter tank 6 is too large, filter media particles will pass over the upper edge of the inner flow cylinder 2 and directly enter the water collecting cone 15, causing filter media loss. If the distance is too small, the air layer will be too thick, preventing water from entering the inner flow channel 12.

[0048] The outer wall of the solid-liquid separation cylinder 4 is cylindrical with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the filter tank 6. The inner wall is conical with a top edge diameter equal to the inner diameter of the filter tank 6 and a bottom edge diameter appropriately reduced. While ensuring that the side wall inclination angle is greater than 70°, the bottom edge is positioned at 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the distance between the inner wall of the filter tank 6 and the outer wall of the guide cylinder 3. The main purpose is to achieve water flow reversal and solid particle separation. The water flow is divided into two parts: one part of the water flow carries most of the impurities and filter media particles and reverses direction, entering the outer push channel 13 laterally; the other part of the water flow carries air bubbles, fine impurities, and fine filter media particles and continues to rise after bypassing the solid-liquid separation ring 4.

[0049] The central water distributor 1 has a straight pipe section 16 at the top and a spindle-shaped guide tube 17 at the bottom. The bottom of the straight pipe section 16 has eight or more elongated cylindrical cleaning ports 18, with a height equal to that of the lower conical cylinder 11 of the guide tube 3. The spindle-shaped guide tube 17 consists of an upper and a lower conical cylinder. The cone angle of the upper conical cylinder is less than 15° to ensure that the inclination angle of the upper conical cylinder wall is greater than 75°, preventing the adhesion of impurities or particles. The upper conical cylinder has eight or more outward-pushing cylindrical cleaning ports 19, which are elongated and have a vertical height equal to that of the outward-pushing conical cylinder 6. Furthermore, the outward-pushing cylindrical cleaning ports 19, like the guide tube cleaning ports 18, have a width of 5–10 cm and are inclined at a certain angle in the horizontal direction to ensure that the water flows in a swirling pattern in the horizontal direction.

[0050] If the water outlet of the central water distributor 1 is designed to be circular, it is prone to clogging, and once clogged, it is difficult to remove. Conversely, elongated water outlets are almost never completely clogged, and even if they are clogged, the blockage is elongated and loosely structured, making it easy to remove. Therefore, the water outlets of the central water distributor 1 are all designed to be elongated, with a width of 5-10cm, and the height can be adjusted as needed.

[0051] The gap between the upper conical surface of the spindle-shaped guide 17 and the lower edge of the outer push-flow cone 5 is 2-7 cm, forming a particle return channel 20. If the particle return channel 20 is too large, a large amount of water rising from the filter media layer will enter through it, inhibiting the return of filter media particles. In addition, the cone angle of the lower conical cylinder of the spindle-shaped guide 17 and the inclination angle of the side wall of the outer push-flow cone 6 are complementary angles. This is to ensure that the generatrix of the lower conical cylinder and the generatrix of the outer push-flow cone 6 are parallel, which is beneficial for flow distribution. At the same time, the side wall of the lower conical cylinder of the spindle-shaped guide 17 is also provided with more than 8 water distribution ports 21. The water distribution ports are elongated and 5-10 cm wide, which can achieve uniform water distribution while reducing clogging of the outlet.

[0052] like Figure 1-4 As shown, during backwashing, water and air flow enter the filter media layer. Under the action of shearing and impact forces, the filter media layer begins to expand and loosen, and accumulated impurities are washed out. The air flow is also broken into bubbles of varying sizes. After the water flow carries impurities, bubbles, and escaped filter media particles into the three-phase separator, it is diverted to the inner wall around the filter tank 6 by the spindle-shaped guide 17 (see...). Figure 4 (A) and continues to flow upward; under the obstruction of the solid-liquid separation ring 4, the water flow changes direction and is divided into two parts: one is that most of the water flow, carrying impurities and filter media particles, changes direction and enters the outward flow channel 13 laterally, forming an outward flow (see A). Figure 4 (B) After the outward flow passes the lower edge of the guide cylinder 3, it turns and continues to rise, carrying impurities, and enters the water collection cone 15 of the backwash water collection pipe 8 (see B). Figure 4 (E) Finally, the backwash water is discharged from the backwash water outlet pipes 9 on both sides of the filter tank 6; while the filter media particles, under the action of inertia, settle and aggregate in the upper conical cylinder of the spindle-shaped guide 17, and are successively discharged from the particle return channel 20, returning to the filter media layer (see E). Figure 4 (F); Secondly, a small portion of the water flow, carrying air bubbles, fine impurities, and fine filter media particles, bypasses the solid-liquid separation ring 4 and continues to rise. Upon reaching the upper edge of the outer guide cylinder 3, the air bubbles overflow from the water and are discharged through the exhaust pipe 22 on the filter tank 6. Meanwhile, the water flow carrying fine impurities and fine filter media particles changes direction, flows downwards, and enters the inner thrust channel 12, forming an inner thrust flow (see...). Figure 4 (C), similar to the external thrust flow, after passing the lower edge of the internal thrust cylinder 2 (see...) Figure 4 (D) It turns, carrying impurities upwards, and is discharged from the backwash water outlet pipe 9 (see D). Figure 4 (E), while fine filter media particles, under inertia, settle and aggregate, and return to the filter media layer from the particle return channel 20 (see E). Figure 4 (F).

[0053] like Figure 1-4As shown, during filtration, the central water distributor 1 serves as both water distributor and cleaning device. Raw water enters through the raw water inlet pipe 7 and flows out through the guide cylinder cleaning port 18 and the outer push-flow cylinder cleaning port 19, respectively flushing the walls of the lower conical cylinder 11 of the guide cylinder and the outer push-flow conical cylinder 5. Furthermore, the water flow exhibits a swirling pattern in the horizontal direction, similar to a washing machine drum, effectively agitating the filter media particles adhering to the cylinder walls and gathered on the spindle-shaped guide 17 (see...). Figure 4 (G, H), and return from particle return channel 20 to the filter media layer (see G, H), and return from the particle return channel 20 to the filter media layer (see G, H). Figure 4 (J). Furthermore, the water flowing out of the external push-flow cylindrical cleaning port 19, under the impact force, will enter the external push-flow channel 13 and flow down the inner wall of the filter tank 6 (see...). Figure 4 The middle (K) not only serves as a cleaning channel but also distributes water to the inner wall of the filter tank 6. The water flowing from the water distribution port 21 is radial, evenly distributing water to the filter media layer like a shower (see...). Figure 4 Middle I).

[0054] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-phase separator suitable for chemical wastewater filtration tanks, characterized in that, It includes a filter tank (6) with a larger diameter at the bottom and a smaller diameter at the top. The upper inner cavity of the filter tank (6) is composed of a central water distributor (1), an inner flow-pushing cylinder (2), a flow-guiding cylinder (3), and a solid-liquid separation ring (4) connected in sequence from the inside to the outside. A spindle-shaped flow guide (17) is provided at the bottom of the central water distributor (1), and a cylindrical cleaning port is opened on the central water distributor (1). The guide cylinder (3) consists of an upper straight cylinder (10) and a lower conical cylinder (11). The lower conical cylinder (11) is fitted with an outer push-flow conical cylinder (5) of the same taper to form an outer push-flow channel (13). The bottom of the outer push-flow conical cylinder (5) is connected to the spindle-shaped guide (17) to form a particle return channel (20). The inner push-flow cylinder (2) and the upper straight cylinder (10) of the guide cylinder (3) form an inner push-flow channel (12). Inside the inner flow cylinder (2), on both sides of the central water distributor (1), there are backwash water collection pipes (8) that are connected to the backwash water outlet pipe (9); The filter tank (6) has a filter media layer at the bottom and an exhaust pipe (22) at the top. Water and air flow enter the filter media layer of the filter tank (6) for backwashing; raw water enters the filter tank (6) from the raw water inlet pipe (7) for filtration.

2. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central water distributor (1) includes a straight pipe section (16) and a bottom spindle-shaped guide (17). The top of the straight pipe section (16) is connected to the raw water inlet pipe (7) at the top of the filter tank (6). Several elongated guide cylindrical cleaning ports (18) are provided at the bottom of the straight pipe section (16).

3. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle-shaped flow guide (17) consists of an upper conical cylinder and a lower conical cylinder. The upper conical cylinder is provided with several elongated external flow cylindrical cleaning ports (19), which are inclined at a certain angle in the horizontal direction.

4. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper conical cylinder is connected to the bottom of the outer push-flow conical cylinder (5) to form a particle return channel (20).

5. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cone angle of the lower cone and the inclination angle of the side wall of the outer push flow cone (5) are complementary angles. The lower cone is provided with several elongated water distribution ports (21).

6. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the upper straight cylinder (10) of the guide cylinder (3) is flush with the lower edge of the inner push cylinder (2), and the diameter of the lower edge of the lower cone cylinder (11) is equal to that of the inner push cylinder (2), and the lower edge is flush with the upper edge of the outer push cone cylinder (5).

7. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the solid-liquid separation ring (4) is a cylinder, and the inner wall is a conical cylinder; The lower edge of the inner flow cylinder (2) is flush with the lower edge of the straight guide cylinder (10) and the lower edge of the solid-liquid separation ring (4).

8. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the upper edge of the inner flow cylinder (2) and the top bottom surface of the filter tank (6) is less than the distance between the upper straight cylinder (10) and the top bottom surface of the filter tank (6).

9. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, Backwash water collection pipes (8) are arranged on both sides of the central water distributor (1). The backwash water collection pipes (8) are arranged horizontally and pass through the inner push cylinder (2) and the guide cylinder (3) from both sides of the central water distributor (1) to connect with the backwash water outlet pipes (9) on both sides of the filter tank (6).

10. The three-phase separator for chemical wastewater filtration tanks according to claim 9, characterized in that, The backwash water collection pipe (8) includes an outlet horizontal pipe (14) and an upward-facing water collection cone (15), with the side wall of the water collection cone (15) being inclined.

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