Integral forming device for high-rib thin-wall metal curved surface part

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of thin-wall metal part machining, and particularly relates to an integral forming device for a high-rib thin-wall metal curved surface part, which comprises a supporting assembly, a supporting die holder, a movable supporting module, a ribbed groove die and a spinning assembly, the supporting die holder is provided with a mounting through groove; the supporting die holder is arranged at the top of the supporting assembly and is provided with a mounting through groove; the movable supporting module is arranged in the mounting through groove, and the movable supporting module is limited by the two inner side walls of the mounting through groove. After forming is finished, forced mechanical ejection or lateral core pulling is not needed, only external force needs to be applied to enable the movable supporting module to transversely move and slide out of the mounting through groove, and at the moment, the ribbed groove die vertically falls down under the action of self gravity due to the fact that the ribbed groove die loses support, and natural separation without contact, friction and interference is achieved between the ribbed groove die and a formed high-rib thin-wall part. By means of the design, high-temperature adhesion, rib groove clamping stagnation and scraping damage are fundamentally avoided, and the demolding success rate and the workpiece surface integrity are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of thin-walled metal parts processing, specifically relating to an integral forming device for high-rib thin-walled metal curved surface parts. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloy stiffened panels, due to their high specific strength, excellent structural efficiency, and lightweight advantages, are widely used in high-performance structural fields such as aerospace, rail transportation, and shipbuilding, playing a crucial role, especially in key components such as aircraft fuselages, wings, and spacecraft shells. With the rapid development of aerospace technology towards high-speed, high-load, and extreme service environments, more stringent requirements are being placed on the comprehensive performance, geometric accuracy, and structural consistency of stiffened panels. Traditional step-forming or splicing manufacturing processes are no longer sufficient to meet the manufacturing demands of integrated, high-precision, and high-performance components. Therefore, integral forming technology has become a key development direction for improving the quality and reliability of such structural components.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent application CN113680846A discloses a device and method for integral forming of ribbed wall panels. By setting up forming components and heating components, and using heating rods to heat the blank, it achieves hot integral forming of ribbed curved surfaces, effectively reducing forming resistance and minimizing material performance loss. However, this technical solution does not fully consider the key issues in the demolding process after forming. Under high temperature and high pressure forming conditions, the intense extrusion force applied by the rollers easily causes the aluminum alloy material to adhere to the mold surface. Especially at high temperatures, the increased fluidity and viscosity of the aluminum alloy exacerbate demolding difficulties. Simultaneously, due to the geometric interference between the reinforcing rib structure and the mold cavity, scratches, tears, and even plastic deformation are easily generated during demolding, severely affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the ribbed wall panels. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide an integral forming device for high-strength thin-walled metal curved parts, which avoids the problems of material adhesion, geometric interference and mechanical friction caused by high temperature and high pressure during the traditional demolding process.

[0005] This application provides an integral forming apparatus for high-strength, thin-walled metal curved surfaces, comprising:

[0006] Support components;

[0007] A support mold base is disposed on the top of the support assembly, and the support mold base has a mounting through groove;

[0008] A movable support module is disposed within the mounting slot, and the movable support module is limited by the two inner sidewalls of the mounting slot;

[0009] A ribbed groove mold is disposed on the top of the movable support module and located in the mounting through groove; the ribbed groove mold is detachably connected to the support mold base.

[0010] The spinning assembly, in conjunction with the grooved mold, is used to extrude the sheet metal fixed to the support mold base along a set path to form a high-ribbed thin-walled metal curved part. The movable support module is translated out of the mounting slot under the action of external force, and the grooved mold falls under its own weight and separates from the high-ribbed thin-walled metal curved part, thus completing the demolding.

[0011] Optionally, the ribbed groove mold includes a central ribbed module and two side ribbed modules respectively attached to the opposite sides of the central ribbed module. The central ribbed module and the two side ribbed modules are distributed along a direction perpendicular to the movement of the movable support module. The distance between the opposite sides of the central ribbed module gradually increases from top to bottom. The two side ribbed modules are detachably connected to the support mold base.

[0012] Optionally, the two ends of the two edge-ribbed modules are respectively connected to the support mold base by positioning bolts. The integral forming device has multiple positioning screw holes that cooperate with the multiple positioning bolts. Half of the positioning screw holes are opened at the end of the edge-ribbed module, and the other half are opened at the end of the support mold base.

[0013] Optionally, both the support mold base and the movable support module have multiple positioning holes, and the support mold base and the movable support module are fixedly connected by installing positioning pins in the multiple positioning holes.

[0014] Optionally, the positioning hole extends obliquely outward from the bottom of the support base and penetrates through the end wall of the movable support module.

[0015] Optionally, the positioning hole is a screw hole, and the positioning pin is a bolt.

[0016] Optionally, the grooved mold has multiple heating holes for inserting heating rods.

[0017] Optionally, the support assembly includes a hollow support platform and a plurality of retractable support columns disposed within the hollow support platform, with the two ends of the plurality of retractable support columns being fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the hollow support platform, respectively.

[0018] Optionally, the retractable support column is a hydraulic lifting column or an electric lifting column.

[0019] Optionally, the spinning assembly includes a three-dimensional driving device and a spinning wheel disposed at the execution end of the three-dimensional driving device.

[0020] The beneficial effect of this application is that it cleverly avoids the technical bottleneck of difficult demolding after traditional high-temperature and high-pressure spinning by using a movable support module and gravity demolding mechanism. During operation, the spinning component compresses the sheet metal along a preset trajectory under heating, making it conform to the surface of the grooved mold, completing the overall plastic forming of the high-ribbed curved surface structure. After forming, there is no need for forced mechanical ejection or lateral core pulling. Only external force needs to be applied to make the movable support module slide laterally out of the mounting slot. At this time, the grooved mold, due to the loss of support, falls vertically under its own gravity, achieving a natural separation from the formed high-ribbed thin-walled part without contact, friction, or interference. This design fundamentally avoids high-temperature adhesion, groove jamming, and scratch damage, significantly improving the demolding success rate and workpiece surface integrity. At the same time, it simplifies the mold structure, reduces equipment complexity and maintenance costs, and is especially suitable for the integrated manufacturing needs of high-ribbed thin-walled complex curved surface parts, providing technical support for the precision forming of high-performance structural parts in aerospace and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integral forming apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution structure of the positioning holes and positioning screw holes provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the grooved mold provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Sheet metal; 100. Support assembly; 110. Hollow support platform; 120. Telescopic support column; 200. Support mold base; 300. Movable support module; 400. Rib groove mold; 410. Middle rib module; 420. Edge rib module; 430. Heating hole; 510. Three-dimensional driving equipment; 520. Spinning wheel; 610. Positioning hole; 620. Positioning screw hole; 700. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0026] like Figure 1-3As shown, this application provides an integral forming device for a high-rib thin-walled metal curved part, comprising: a support assembly 100, a support mold base 200, a movable support module 300, a grooved mold 400, and a spinning assembly; the support mold base 200 is disposed on the top of the support assembly 100 and has an installation slot; the movable support module 300 is disposed in the installation slot and is limited by the two inner side walls of the installation slot; the grooved mold 400 is disposed on the top of the movable support module 300 and located in the installation slot, and the grooved mold 400 is detachably connected to the support mold base 200; the spinning assembly cooperates with the grooved mold 400 to extrude the sheet metal 1 fixed to the support mold base 200 according to a set path to form a high-rib thin-walled metal curved part; the movable support module 300 is translated out of the installation slot by external force, and the grooved mold 400 falls under its own weight and separates from the high-rib thin-walled metal curved part, completing the demolding.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the integral forming device for high-rib thin-walled metal curved parts provided in this application cleverly avoids the technical bottleneck of difficult demolding after traditional high-temperature and high-pressure spinning forming by using a movable support module 300 and gravity demolding mechanism. During operation, the spinning component extrudes the sheet metal 1 along a preset trajectory under heating, making it conform to the surface of the grooved mold 400, thus completing the integral plastic forming of the high-rib curved structure. After forming, there is no need for forced mechanical ejection or lateral core pulling. Only external force needs to be applied to make the movable support module 300 slide laterally out of the mounting slot. At this time, the grooved mold 400 falls vertically under its own gravity due to the loss of support, achieving a natural separation from the formed high-rib thin-walled part without contact, friction, or interference. This design fundamentally avoids high-temperature adhesion, rib jamming, and scratch damage, significantly improving the demolding success rate and workpiece surface integrity. At the same time, it simplifies the mold structure, reduces equipment complexity and maintenance costs, and is especially suitable for the integrated manufacturing needs of high-rib, thin-walled, complex curved surface parts, providing technical support for the precision forming of high-performance structural parts in aerospace and other fields.

[0028] It should be noted that sheet material 1 can be an aluminum alloy sheet. Sheet material 1 is placed on the ribbed mold 400, and its edge is located on the support mold base 200. The edge of sheet material 1 is pressed by the clamping plate 700 and fastened by bolts. After spinning is completed, the clamping plate 700 can be removed to take out the workpiece.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the ribbed groove mold 400 includes a central ribbed module 410 and two side ribbed modules 420 respectively attached to opposite sides of the central ribbed module 410. The central ribbed module 410 and the two side ribbed modules 420 are distributed along a direction perpendicular to the movement of the movable support module 300. The distance between the opposite sides of the central ribbed module 410 gradually increases from top to bottom. The two side ribbed modules 420 are detachably connected to the support mold base 200. The two side ribbed modules 420 have a positioning and limiting function for the central ribbed module 410.

[0030] Specifically, by designing the ribbed mold 400 as a three-piece combination structure of "middle ribbed module 410 + two side ribbed modules 420", the precise fit between the tapered sidewall of the middle ribbed module 410 (narrower at the top and wider at the bottom) and the two side ribbed modules 420 is cleverly utilized to achieve self-positioning and rigid limiting during forming. At the same time, during the demolding stage, when the middle ribbed module 410 falls into the air along with the overall mold due to the translation of the support module, its tapered surface structure can naturally avoid most of the already formed reinforcing rib cavity, reducing geometric interference. The side ribbed modules 420, as anchor points connected to the support mold base 200, not only serve as assembly references and force transmission, but can also be quickly disassembled before demolding, allowing the entire mold to fall off without resistance under gravity. Thus, without relying on complex ejection mechanisms or strong separation methods, the high-rib structure can be demolded without damage, friction, and with high reliability after high-temperature forming. It is especially suitable for the integral forming of thin-walled light alloy parts with deep ribs, complex structures, and high material viscosity.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the two ends of the two edge-ribbed modules 420 are respectively connected to the support mold base 200 by positioning bolts. The integral forming device has multiple positioning screw holes 620 that cooperate with multiple positioning bolts. Half of the positioning screw holes 620 are opened at the end of the edge-ribbed module 420, and the other half are opened at the end of the support mold base 200.

[0032] Specifically, a high-precision, detachable, and shear-resistant rigid connection between the side-ribbed module 420 and the support mold base 200 is achieved through a split-type positioning screw hole 620 and a cross-connecting positioning bolt structure. Specifically, each positioning screw hole 620 is formed by machining half of the hole at the end of the side module and half at the end of the support mold base 200. After the module is assembled, these halves are joined to form a complete threaded hole, and then the positioning bolt is screwed in for fastening. This design not only ensures that the side module maintains precise positioning and no displacement even when subjected to huge lateral forces during spinning, but also allows for quick mold release by simply removing the bolts before demolding. Simultaneously, the split screw hole structure naturally possesses anti-misassembly and self-alignment functions, significantly improving assembly efficiency and repeatability accuracy, providing a reliable mechanical interface guarantee for the stable forming and non-destructive demolding of high-ribbed thin-walled parts under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0033] In one possible implementation, both the support mold base 200 and the movable support module 300 have multiple positioning holes 610, and the support mold base 200 and the movable support module 300 are fixedly connected by installing positioning pins in the multiple positioning holes 610.

[0034] Specifically, by setting multiple positioning holes 610 on the support mold base 200 and the movable support module 300 respectively, and by inserting positioning pins, a high-precision, detachable rigid connection between the two is achieved. This ensures that the movable support module 300 can maintain a strict relative position and shear stability with the support mold base 200 when bearing the grooved mold 400 and enduring spinning force, thus avoiding a decrease in forming accuracy or mold damage due to offset or shaking. At the same time, this structure only requires pulling out the positioning pins during the demolding stage to release the limit, allowing the movable support module 300 to move smoothly laterally under external force, creating a prerequisite for the subsequent automatic detachment of the grooved mold 400 by gravity. Compared with bolt fastening, the positioning pin connection has advantages such as quick assembly, high repeatability, no preload interference, and strong resistance to lateral loads. It is particularly suitable for integral spinning forming of high-rib thin-walled parts that require frequent assembly and disassembly and high dynamic load conditions, taking into account both forming rigidity and demolding flexibility, and significantly improving process reliability and equipment operating efficiency.

[0035] In another possible implementation, the positioning hole 610 is a screw hole and the positioning pin is a bolt.

[0036] Specifically, screw holes are provided on the support mold base 200 and the movable support module 300 respectively. During assembly, the bolts are screwed in to achieve axial positioning and radial limiting between modules, and to provide a rigid connection that is resistant to vibration and shearing through thread locking, so as to ensure that the mold system does not move or misalign during the spinning process.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the positioning hole 610 extends obliquely outward from the bottom of the support mold base 200 through the end wall of the movable support module 300.

[0038] Specifically, in the assembled state, the positioning pins or bolts are inserted or screwed in from bottom to top or from outside to inside along an inclined direction. This not only achieves precise positioning between the support mold base 200 and the movable support module 300, but also significantly enhances the resistance to lateral thrust and vibration impact during the spinning process due to the inclined force path, preventing slippage between modules. At the same time, since the outlet of the positioning hole 610 is located on the end wall of the movable support module 300, during the demolding stage, when the external force pushes the module to move laterally, the positioning pin can naturally withdraw or loosen along the inclined hole direction without needing to be completely removed beforehand.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the grooved mold 400 has multiple heating holes 430 for inserting heating rods.

[0040] Specifically, multiple through or blind heating holes are machined inside the grooved mold 400 along its cavity contour or the distribution area of ​​the reinforcing ribs. These holes are evenly distributed in the key forming parts of the mold. Before forming, heating rods (such as electric heating rods or ceramic heating elements) are inserted into the heating holes. The heating rods are powered and heated by an external temperature control system, allowing heat to be evenly conducted from inside the mold to the surface of the grooved mold 400, thereby preheating or maintaining the temperature of the metal blank placed on it, achieving hot spinning forming. With the heating rods built into the mold, heat is conducted from the inside out, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution and effectively avoiding surface overheating or excessive temperature differences caused by external heating, thus improving forming stability.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the support assembly 100 includes a hollow support platform 110 and a plurality of retractable support columns 120 disposed within the hollow support platform 110. The two ends of the plurality of retractable support columns 120 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the hollow support platform 110, respectively. A heat insulation pad is provided between the top of the hollow support platform 110 and the support mold base 200.

[0042] Specifically, the retractable support column 120 is fixedly connected at both ends to the top panel and bottom base of the hollow support platform 110, forming a stable force transmission structure. The top of the hollow support platform 110 supports the support mold base 200, and a heat insulation pad is provided between the two to block the high-temperature heat from the grooved mold 400 from being transferred to the support assembly 100. During operation, the retractable support column 120 can adjust the height or horizontal position of the support mold base 200 through synchronous telescoping movements to compensate for thermal deformation or assembly errors.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the retractable support column 120 is a hydraulically raised column or an electrically raised column.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the spinning assembly includes a three-dimensional drive device 510 and a spinning wheel 520 disposed at the execution end of the three-dimensional drive device 510.

[0045] Specifically, the spinning assembly consists of a three-dimensional driving device 510 (such as a three-axis CNC machine tool, industrial robot, or multi-degree-of-freedom precision motion platform) and a spinning wheel 520 installed at its execution end (such as a spindle or the end effector of a robotic arm). The three-dimensional driving device 510 precisely controls the motion trajectory and feed speed of the spinning wheel 520 in the X, Y, and Z directions through a control system, causing it to continuously and locally plastically shape the metal slab placed on the grooved mold 400 along a preset path. Under pressure, the spinning wheel 520 extrudes the material point by point, making it conform to the mold cavity and gradually forming a high-rib, thin-walled curved surface structure.

[0046] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0047] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for integral forming of a high-strength, thin-walled metal curved surface part, characterized in that, include: Support components (100); A support mold base (200) is disposed on the top of the support assembly (100), and the support mold base (200) has a mounting through groove; A movable support module (300) is disposed in the mounting through groove, and the movable support module (300) is limited by the two inner side walls of the mounting through groove; A ribbed groove mold (400) is disposed on the top of the movable support module (300) and located in the mounting through groove. The ribbed groove mold (400) is detachably connected to the support mold base (200). The spinning assembly, in conjunction with the grooved mold (400), is used to extrude the sheet metal (1) fixed to the support mold base (200) along a set path to form a high-rib thin-walled metal curved part. The movable support module (300) is translated out of the mounting slot by external force, and the grooved mold (400) falls under its own weight and separates from the high-rib thin-walled metal curved part, thus completing the demolding.

2. The integral forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ribbed groove mold (400) includes a middle ribbed module (410) and two side ribbed modules (420) respectively attached to the opposite sides of the middle ribbed module (410). The middle ribbed module (410) and the two side ribbed modules (420) are distributed along the direction perpendicular to the movement of the movable support module (300). The distance between the opposite sides of the middle ribbed module (410) gradually increases from top to bottom. The two side ribbed modules (420) are detachably connected to the support mold base (200).

3. The integral forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the two edge-ribbed modules (420) are respectively connected to the support mold base (200) by positioning bolts. The integral forming device has multiple positioning screw holes that cooperate with the multiple positioning bolts. Half of the positioning screw holes are opened at the end of the edge-ribbed module (420), and the other half are opened at the end of the support mold base (200).

4. The integral forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Both the support mold base (200) and the movable support module (300) have multiple positioning holes (610), and the support mold base (200) and the movable support module (300) are fixedly connected by installing positioning pins in the multiple positioning holes (610).

5. The integral forming apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning hole (610) extends obliquely outward from the bottom of the support base (200) and penetrates into the end wall of the movable support module (300).

6. The integral forming apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning hole (610) is a screw hole, and the positioning pin is a bolt.

7. The integral forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, and 6, characterized in that, The grooved mold (400) has multiple heating holes (430) for inserting heating rods.

8. The integral forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, and 6, characterized in that, The support assembly (100) includes a hollow support platform (110) and a plurality of retractable support columns (120) disposed within the hollow support platform (110). The two ends of the plurality of retractable support columns (120) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the hollow support platform (110) respectively.

9. The integral forming apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The retractable support column (120) is a hydraulic lifting column or an electric lifting column.

10. The integral forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, and 6, characterized in that, The spinning assembly includes a three-dimensional drive device (510) and a spinning wheel (520) disposed at the execution end of the three-dimensional drive device (510).

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